Table of Contents
Obulombolombo Obusobola Okugobererwa mu Kumenya Amateeka g’Obufumbo
Obufumbo kye kimu ku bitongole ebyasinzeeyo okumanyibwa ennyo. Kyokka, engeri obufumbo gye bunnyonnyolwamu mu mateeka era ne mu ngeri etuuka ku bantu bonna. Obufumbo bukubirizibwa okubutwala nga bukulu. Obufumbo okusobola okuba n'enkolagana ennungi ne Katonda, era n'obuwangwa bw'abantu ab'enjawulo. Obufumbo obwo busibuka ku bulombolombo obw'edda nnyo. Obulombolombo obwo si businze bukooze nnyo mu nzikiriza ezikubiriza amateeka, okuleetawo empaka z'ebyobufuzi, okuleetawo enkakaanyi, n'ensonga ez'omu lujjudde. Okutegeera engeri obulombolombo gye bukwata ku ddembe mu ngeri y'okutambula oba okukyusizaamu abantu.
Okusobola okukendeeza ku butakkaanya buno wakati w'okukulaakulana n'okumanyibwa "'okuva mu nkyukakyuka" bubuusa amaaso engeri enkyukakyuka mu ngeri enkadde gye zikolebwamu. Obulombolombo n'enkola ezikwata ku ddembe z'obufumbo bifuuka kitundu kya kaseti ezigobererwa abantu mwe basinziira. Kaweefube agasingayo obulungi obutaggyamu bulombolombo naye okubunnyonnyola mu ngeri esobozesa abantu okussibwamu ekitiibwa n'okweyongera okubeera n'empisa ennungi. Ekitundu kino kikebera ekifo eddiini, emitindo gy'obuwangwa, obukaawumbi, n'enkola z'obukaanyiikiina okusobola okuleetawo enfuze ez'enfuze ez'obufumbo, ate n'enkola ez'obukugunjufu mu ngeri ez'obuwanyuvu n'okutuukana.
Enjigiriza z’Amadiini n’Engeri Gye Zirina ku Kubeera ng’Obwannamunigina mu Bufumbo
Mu nsi nnyingi, ennyinnyonnyola y’obufumbo ey'amateeka yasibuka mu masinzizo.
Wadde ng’amadiini mangi leero gawagira okulingana kw'obufumbo, amalala amalala gagamba nti obufumbo butukuvu businziirwako omusajja n'omukazi.
Okwawukana ku ekyo, amadiini agamu ag'Abaprotestanti, nga United Church of Christ ne Eglise Lutheran Church mu Amerika, byenkanankana. Kino kiraga nti obulombolombo bw'eddiini si bwa "social; buyinza okukyusibwa oba okukyusibwa. Abakugu ku by'obufumbo beeyambisa enkaayana zino ez'omunda, okujuliza empaka ez'ebyenjigiriza ezikwata ku kwagala n'obwenkanya. Ng'ekyokulabirako, eddembe lya Humanment ligobera olukalala lw'eby'enzikiriza z'abantu abangi., nga bawanjudde okuwakana awalala wo okusobola okubawanukula ensonga ez'omuganyulo.
Mu South Africa, abakulembeze b'eddiini bawagidde enkola y'okussaawo olukalala lw'abantu abafumbiriganwa. Mu 2015, mu Amerika, okusalawo kw'abantu okwakolebwa mu ngeri ey'eddiini kwagobererwa n'ebikumi n'ebikumi by'abakulembeze b'eddiini abaateeka mu bufunze obwa incicus. Mu ngeri y'emu, mu South Africa ow'ebukiikaddiriŋŋanwa, enfumbo ezivaako antiddaade, ssemateeka w'amateeka era nga zikakasa nti LGBTQ + abantu beegatta ku bantu olw'enjawukana olw'enjigiriza z'eddiini ezikwata ku kitiibwa. Kyokka, okuwakanya okuwakanya obulombolombo bw'eddiini ku buli omu oba obufaananyinyisi. Mu mitwe gino, bateekwa okukola n'obwegendereza, nga bannabyawumba mu mateeka nga bawa olukuudo olumu olutuufu olw'eddiini okunnyonnyola ebitonderwawo ebifaaaanyi.
Engeri Ennungi Gy’Okwaŋŋangamu Enkolagana Ennungi n’Enfuna Zaabwe ez’Obufumbo
Obufumbo bubadde bukola mirimu gya bannamwandu. Mu bitundu bingi, omusajja asuubirwa okulabirira amaka, ng'omukyala y'alabirira era nga y'alabirira amaka. Obulombolombo buno bukakasibwa okuyitira mu bulombolombo gamba nga, amakolero, omusaala, n'ekifo we basula (kwali omukyala okugenda mu maka g'omwami we). Enteekateeka ezikwata ku ddembe ly'obufumbo ezigezesa obuvunaanyizibwa obwo, zikubiriza eddembe ly'obwannaabwe ery'okulabirira amaka, ery'okulabirira ebintu, oba ery'okufumbirwa, ka kibe nti omuntu omufumbo yabanga yenkanankanankana.
Ng'ekyokulabirako, mu bitundu bya Bukiikaddyo bwa Asiya ne Saharan Africa, abalwanirira eddembe ly'abakazi bawagidde okutereeza amateeka agatwala abakazi ng'ebintu. Mu Buyindi, ekitongole ekiyitibwa Hindu Fraveition Act kyakyusibwa mu 2005 okuwa abawala eddembe lyenkanankana ery'obusika, naye okulonda omugabo ku bakyala kusigala nga kyeyongera okuvaamu ettemu. Okusala mu mateeka ku bufumbo kitegeeza nti, okutandikawo tekulina kwogera ku ani asobola kuwasa oba okufumbirwa kyokka. Abakyala bawandisizza obukaanyi engeri obulombolombo bw'obufumbo gye busobola okuleetera obusokereza obusoketi.
Mu ngeri y'emu, okukitegeera nti obufumbo bw'omuntu bw'afaananya ekimu kisoomooza nnyo mu bitundu gye kitwalibwa ng'abasajja n'abakazi babiri okukkirizibwa okuwasa oba okufumbirwa, kiremesa abantu okulowooza nti obufumbo buzingiramu okuba n'ekikula ky'ekikula. Eno y'ensonga lwaki mu nsi nga Japan ne South Korea, abantu gye basuubira nti abakazi ab'ekikula eky'ekikula kye kimu, era nti obufumbo bw'abasajja n'abakazi bweyongera mangu nnyo, wadde nga abantu bakyeyongera okufuna obuwagizi.
Etteeka n’Ebyafaayo by’Abakabaka
Obulombolombo bugobererwa olw'obuwanguzi, n'okukolagana mu nsi yonna.Mu bitundu bingi oluvannyuma lw'obukolobero, amateeka g'obufumbo gagattiddwa wamu n'obulombolombo bw'ensi ya nnamukeera, n'enkyukakyuka ezikolebwa oluvannyuma lw'okumalirizibwa.
Ng'ekyokulabirako, abantu bangi mu Bungereza bwe baasikira amateeka ageesigamiziddwa ku mateeka agafuga enkola y'obufumbo nga wakati w'omusajja n'omukazi omu. Kyokka era baateekawo n'amateeka agakkirizibwa mu bitundu ebimu okuwasa abakazi oba ebika by'obufumbo. Abanyigiriza bwe bagezaako okufumbiriganwa mu ngeri ez'enjawulo, batera okuvunaanibwa okuyingiza emitindo gya "Western", ekiragiro ekiva ku ndowooza y'obuwangwa. Mu nsi nga Uganda ne Nigeria, amateeka agamenya enzijalamwe ne geegatta agamu gakkirizibwa mu nsi za Bulaaya gakkirizibwa okulwanirira emitindo gya Afirika egy'okutawagira obuwangwa. Kyokka, abanoonyereza ku by'obukaba n'obukaba bawandiikiikiina, bagamba nti okukolagana n'okukolagana wakati w'obukabagattifu n'obukabaale. Ekkolanga ensi za Afirika zonnyini zissaawo amateeka agaayinja mu nsi ezo eziziyiza enkola ezo.
Abakola eby'okwetaba bayize okuzzaawo emboozi nga balonda obulombolombo obuva mu nsi ezo. Mu South Africa, jirikiti eya Amereka, okuteeka endowooza y'okwegatta mu bantu teyogerwako ng'eya munnaggwanga naye ng'eyo esobozesa abantu okwongera okugoberera emitindo gy'obufumbo obuva eri [FLT]] obuwandiikibwa obulaga obuganzi n'ekitiibwa ky'abantu. Mu ngeri y'emu, ebika bya Amerika eby'omu Amerika birina ebifaananyi ebiva ku bantu babiri ab'omwoyo n'ebiwayi byabyo. Bwe bisigamya eddembe ly'obufumbo, kaweeyambi kiyinza okusobozesa obutuufu obw'obusosoze.
Enkola y’Okugenda mu Kinshi n’Ebitundu by’Amaka Ebigazi
Obufumbo si bufumbo bw'abantu ababiri obukolebwa mu bitundu bingi eby'ensi. Mu ngeri nnyingi, obufumbo bukwataganyizibwa n'omukago wakati w'amaka, ebika, oba olunyiriri lw'obuzaale. Kino kirina akakwate ka maanyi n'abo abasalawo okugatta awamu. Ng'ekyokulabirako, mu bukiikaddyo bwa Asiya ow'ebuvanjuba, ne mu bitundu bya Afirika eby'ebuvanjuba, okufumbiriganwa kiba kikolwa kya kabi eri enkolagana wakati w'abantu ab'enkolagana, obutebenkevu, n'okugulumiza ab'omu maka mu kifo ky'okulagana okwagalana. Mu nkola ng'eyo, omuntu alonda ow'okufumbiriganwa naye eyeesigamiziddwa ku kwagala.[1] Ekirowo ky'okulonda ow'okufumbiriganwa naye ow'okunaanaanaana n'okufumbiriganwa yekka, ekitwalibwa ng'akabi eri enteekateeka zonna ez'omugambo.
Mu Buyindi, olutalo olw'obwenkanankana lwotadde ku ndowooza y'abantu kinnoomu n'ab'omu maka gye balina. Wadde nga Court Supremence emaze okussaawo omukwano gwe gumu ogw'okwetaba mu 2018, tekinnaba kukkirizibwa mu bufumbo obw'ekikula. Ekizibu eky'amaanyi kye kirowooza nti obufumbo bukkirizibwa mu maka, so si nti obuwagizi obusobola okugobererwa. Okukyusa obufumbo kulina okuzzaawo amateeka g'omu maka, so si kugaba nga obugoolekawo amateeka.
Mu bitundu by'eggwanga, okufiirwa omwana mu bufumbo kiyinza okutwalibwa ng'eky'akabi eri olunyiriri lw'obuzaale. Kyokka, mu bitundu ebirala nga Minangkabau ow'e Indonesia oba Mosuo ow'e China, eby'obusika n'ebintu ebisibuka mu bakazi, era n'obufumbo bw'abantu bwe butyo busobola okugobererwa. Abanoonyereza ku ebyo bakirabye nti abantu ng'abo batera okweyabiza abantu abatali ba bulijjo ku nkolagana zaabwe.
Okunoonyereza ku Buzibu: Engeri Ekibiina gye Kisobodde Okuwangula oba gye Kisobodde Okumeggana
Amerika: Okuva ku Bakolopoota ne Bafuuka Abantu Abakuumibwa mu Mateeka
Ekkubo erikwata ku kwenkanankana mu Amerika kyakulabirako eky'enkola ey'amaanyi ekiraga engeri obulombolombo gye buyinza okukyusibwamu mpolampola. Okumala ebyasa bingi, amateeka g'obufumbo mu Amerika gaali gasimbye amakanda mu buwangwa bw'Abakristaayo era ne mu langi ez'enjawulo. Obufumbo bw'abafumbo bwawereddwa mu bitundu bingi okutuusa mu 1967 Long Lovel v. Virginia eky'okusalawo. Obufumbo bw'omuntu ow'omu bwayolekagana n'ekiseera kiwanvu. Kyokka, ekibiina kyakulaakulana nga kikulaakulanya obulombolombo bw'obufumbo obwa bulijjo: nga kiwakanya nti abafumbo ab'enzikiriza bannaabwe ab'ennimu baagala okwegatta mu kibiina kimu, basobole okufuna obutebenkenke n'okumanyibwa mu byalo ebirala. Obuwanguzigizi bwaakyo era n'obuwagizi mu bitundu eby'empuliziganya bya bantu, nga mw'ogattifu w'obukulembeze bw'eddiini. Mu mwaka gwa 2015, kkooti enkulu egoberera enziromesenziganya z'ewa, era n'ewamu egoberera amateeka mu nsi za Bukiiko z'ebyalukalala z'ebyaaaaaaafulukufu
South Africa: Ensi ya kaabuvubuka
South Africa kye ggwanga lyokka mu Afirika ekkirizibwa mu mateeka olw'okuba ekiragiro ekyava ku ssemateeka w'ewandiikiddwa kiziyiza obusosoze mu by'okwetaba. Ekibiina ekyo kyakozesa olulimi olukozesebwa oluvannyuma lw'okulwanyisa obusosoze mu mawanga. Kyokka, obuwangwa, naddala mu baddugavu mu South Africa, kirina amakulu ag'okukkirizibwa mu mateeka.
Japan: Obulombolombo ng’Essaawa
Japan teriimu tteeka lya ggwanga eririna okwawukana mu bufumbo, wadde nga obuwagizi bwa bantu businga obungi (kumpi ne 68% okusinziira ku kunoonyereza okwakakolebwa). Ebisobyo ebikulu tebyali bya ddiini (Sinto ne Budda byaw'enzikiriza) naye obulombolombo obw'enzikiriza ey'amaka okusobola okuwandiika ebiwandiikibwa mu ngeri y'enjawulo (koseki[[FLLD]]]). Enkola eno etegeeza amaka ag'omu mateeka okubeera omusajja n'omukazi omu. Okugafuula okugafuula agakaanyinya ennyo kikwetaagisa okuzibya n'okugatta. Ebitongole bya Bukyuziya byangi mu nsi eyo biba bitandise okuteekamu ebikwasibwa obukujjuzi, naye nga n'okuzimba ekibiina ky'omuddogo.
Nigeria: Kaweefube ow’Okulwanyisa Eby’Obulombolombo
Mu Nigeria, akakwate ka Safana mu by'okwetaba kakola katya okusobola okuzza obubenje n'okuwagira obuwagizi bwa gavumenti mu 2014. Ekiragiro kyateekebwawo nga kikuuma obuwagizi n'obulombolombo bw'omu Afirika okuva ku buyinza bwa Bulaaya. Mu nsi zino, abakkirizi b'enkwalo ba ddembe z'obufumbo bakuuma ab'amagezi, essira nga bassa ku ku kubeerawo n'enkizo z'abantu so si ku nkyukakyuka ezikolebwa mu mateeka. Bannabyabufuzi bataddewo ddala essira ku nsonga eno. Ekiko kya kaweefube okuwanirira n'okuwagira obuwagizi bwa nsi n'eby'amateeka eri abo abagoberera amateeka, ate nga bawandisizza n'okuwandiika ku nkyukakyuka ezikwata ku kwegatta obukaba n'eby’okwetaba.
Obulombolombo Obukola: Obulombolombo Obutabyonoona
Mu kifo ky’okuvumirira obulombolombo obugobererwa ku nsonga z’obufumbo, abantu bakikola mu ngeri ez’enjawulo.
- Abakola ku nsonga z'obufumbo bajjukiza abantu nti obufumbo bukyuse okuva ku kukyusibwa kw'ebintu okudda mu ndala, okutuuka ku ngeri gye bulina okukolebwamu. Ebyafaayo biyamba okuzza enkyukakyuka mu mbeera y'obufumbo.
- .[[AKM.:0] Abakulembeze b'eddiini n'abakulembeze mu kiwandikiro: Bassaawo emikago n'abakulembeze b'eddiini, abakadde, n'abafuzi ab'obuwangwa. Ng'ekyokulabirako, mu Taiwan, obubinja bw'Ababuda n'obw'Abatao bwegattiddwa, era abalwanyi baawangula obuwagizi okuva mu yeekaalu enkulu nga 2017 tezinnakkirizibwa mu mateeka.
- [[Act:0] Okussa mu nkola Olulimi olw'Eddembe ly'abantu:[ Entegeka z'obusobozi bw'abantu ez'ensi yonna ziwa ebigambo ebisinga obulombolombo bw'omu kitundu. Ekibiina ky'Amawanga Free & Kaweefube eyenkanankanankana[ kye kiyamba okulaga nti abantu okwnkanankanankana mu butonde bwonna.
- [[Act:0] Enkyukakyuka mu by'amateeka: mu nsi nnyingi, okulingana mu bufumbo tekunnabaawo kutwalibwa ng'okugatta kw'amaka, obugattiddwa oba okugatta awamu. Bino bisooka kumanya ebiwandiikibwa mu mateeka era ne bisobozesa enkola ez'eby'amateeka okukyuka.
- [[Act:0] Enyigiro n'okulaba:[ Ebiri mu nnyiriri kyoleka ensonga. Amaka, baliraanwa, ne bakozi bannaffe bwe boogera ku nsonga zaabwe, okuwakana mu ngeri enfunze. Kino kiba kikulu nnyo mu nkolagana n'abantu so si ku misingi.
- [[AKMENT:0] Amateeka mangi agakuuma eddembe ly'eddiini:[[[AKM:1] agafuga obulungi gatwaliramu obutayingira magye agatayagala kuyingira bufumbo bufaananyi na muntu omu bw'ekikula.
Obukulu bw’Eby’Eby’Obuyigirize n’Eby’Obulogo
Obulombolombo obukolebwa ku nkyukakyuka mu bufumbo n'emboozi eziragibwa ku mikutu gy'eby'empuliziganya n'eby'obuwangwa bingi. Mu nsi nnyingi, okuyigirizibwa ebikwata ku mbeera z'amaka ez'enjawulo n'engeri ez'okwetaba kuleetawo okukontana. Kyokka okunoonyereza kulaga nti okusobola okutuuka ku ndowooza ez'enjawulo mu mikutu gy'empuliziganya, alaba firimu, emikutu gy'empuliziganya, n'eby'empuliziganya, kyetaagisa okukyusaamu mu mateeka mu Irland. Ng'ekyokulabirako, okugattira ku bufumbo bw'obukaba n'obukaba mu 2015, kyabalukawo emboozi ku bantu bangi nga bawuliriza oba nga bawanyisa amawulire.
Mu bitundu ebya bulijjo, kaweefube ow'okuyigiriza abaana alina kutwalibwa ng'omwekenneenya gw'obuwangwa. Mu Thailand, akawukawuka okw'ekikula obwegambo kazingiramu kathooy (mangi gavvuunulwa nga "naanaanaanaanaana). Acticiositions zewandisizza enkola eno ez'ekiwangwa okusobola okuwakanya eddembe ly'obufumbo nga waliwo n'obweyamoso. Mu ngeri y'emu, mu Brazil, obulombolombo bw'amadiini kiba comblé [ ne] amalala ga Afroo-Brazil gamaze okumanyibwa n'okugattiŋŋana, ebiwayitibwa okusobozesa abantu okuzza obutuufu okw'amateeka.
Ensonga Egisembayo: Birrier ne Birgit
Buli bantu balina ebyokulabirako eby'okwagala, obweyamo, n'enkolagana ey'oku lusegere ebitategeerekeka bulungi.
Ebiseera eby'omu maaso eby'ennamba z'obufumbo bijja kwesigama ku obanga abantu bayinza kussa ekitiibwa mu buwangwa bwabwe ate nga bagoberera obwetaavu bw'abantu obw'okuzaala abaana n'okubazaala mu kwagala n'obukuumi. Eky'okuddamu tekijja kusangibwa mu kyakulabirako kimu kyokka nga kikkirizibwa mu kunyumya, okumanyiira obuwangwa bwabwe, n'okuteekamu endowooza zaabwe mu kifo eky'obuvumu.