Ensibuko: Omukolo Omulungi ogw’Okutaano n’Ekkubo ery’Emirembe

Olukiiko olukulu olw'okutaano, olumanyiddwa nga Adyuunice, lwassa omukono ku 10 Adrigion we Belfast, 1998, nga lwalaga ekiseera ekikulu ennyo mu byafaayo bya Northern Ireland. Lwakomako emyaka asatu egy'olutalo olw'amaanyi olutakkirizibwa, olwatta abantu 3,600 era ne lulekawo ebiwundu eby'amaanyi. Endagaano yaleetawo emirembe eggulawo empalana n'enkyukakyuka mu mateeka, eddembe ly'abantu, obwenkanya, obwenkanya, n'okusumulwawo n'okusumululwa kw'abasibe. Mu bitundu byayo ebisinga obungi eby'amaanyi, ebizingirwamu bye bikola enteekateeka ez'okuleka eby'okulwanyisa n'okugobeempalana. Emirimu, enteekateeka zino zaakolebwa okuggyawo eby'okulwanyisa n'okuleetawo eb'obutebenkenkera ne byetaago eby'eby'eby'eby'eby'obufuzi okusobola okuzzaawo emirembe egy'enkala mu Ireland, nga tewali kukulaakulana kwa maanyi.

Okufiirwa Ebiweebwayo olw’Eggye

Ekiragiro kino kyawandikibwa mu kitundu ku "Decomming Agreement" (Anex mu Kivumenti) bonna okweyambisa enkola y'eby'obufuzi gye bayinza okuba nayo" okusobola okuggyawo ebyokulwanyisa bya jaasi mu myaka ebiri egyakayita. Obweyamo buno bwateekebwa mu kitundu ekiri ku "Decomming" (Anx Assion As Revention) era nga buli gavumenti za Bungereza zikolagana butereevu ne okutandikawo eby'obufuzi. Gavumenti za Irland ne Bungereza zakkiriza nti okuleka omulimu ogwo, kyali kitundu kikulu nnyo mu nkola eyo. Okuddukanya okuzikirira, ekitongole ekitongole ekikola ku by'onnamumenyamenyamenya amateeka, ekiwandikiro eky'okuyingiza n'okufuga ebitongole ebirala ebigendera ku gavumenti. Enteneri mu ggwanga lya Canada John de Chacolain, II yakkiriza okuteekawo obukiiko obwo obukiiko obw'eby'obufuzi okuva mu United States ne Finland. province yasobozesa okuteekawo ekkomera ku nkola y'eby'eby'obufuzi eby'ebunnago mu mawanga eby'eddembe.

Emirimu Egiyinza Okuggibwawo: Emitendera Egisobozesa Okufuna Obwesige

Mu nkola yennyini ey'okuva mu nkola eyo, kyaba kizibu nnyo n'okumanyisa ekiseera eky'emirembe nga wayiseewo emyaka mingi oluvannyuma lw'okuweza endagaano, ekibiina kya Irish Republican Army (IRA), ekyagaana okuwa abantu ebyokulwanyisa byonna, nga bagamba nti endagaano eyo yali teyetaagisa okutuusa ng'abantu bonna abaali mu kifo eky'emirembe baateekebwawo. Enkola eno yatwalibwa mu buyinza bwa maanyi mu gavumenti ey'amaanyi mu Sporton ku kyalo. Wakati w'omwaka gwa 2005 ne 2005, IICD yajja mu mwaka 2001 bwe yalabirabira nga ebikolwa ebisooka eby'okuyingiza bya IRAcommu, nga bitwaliramu ebyokulwanyisa ebitayinza kukozesebwa. Kyokka, enkola eyo yagobeetaanyezebwa nnyo mu ngeri ey'enjawulo mu ngeri y'obuwaŋŋanwanjufu, era ne mu ngeri endala, nga ne mu ngeri endala endala endala, yamanyibwa mu mwaka gwa 2005 ne mu bitundu ebirala ebitono, nga ne mu bitundu byayolekedde ddala, nga nditeeba nga nditeeba nga nditeeba nga ndi mu sse obungi.

Ennaku z’Abasirikale

Ku luuyi olulala, ekirango ekyali kigoberera eby'okulwanyisa bya gavumenti kyali kyetaagisa enkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi mu kuzimba amayumba g'abakuumi mu Northern Ireland. Okulondebwa kwalimu okukendeeza ku magye ga Bungereza, okulongoosebwa kw'amagye, okulongoosebwa kw'amagye, n'okuva mu nkola z'obukuumi ez'akabonero n'ez'omubiri ez'okufuga. Bino byali byagendererwa okusobozesa abantu okubeera n'obulamu obwa bulijjo mu bitundu ebyali bikuumibwa abakuumibwa abakuumi ba magye, ebifo eby'okulambula era n'ebitongole eby'eby'ettemu. Ekiruubirirwa kyali kyava ku kuba ku nkola y'obutebenkenkevu n'enkola y'amateeka agago.

Okulongoosebwa kw’Amagye ag’Obukuumi

Army ya Bungereza yateekebwa mu Northern Ireland mu 1969 ku ntandikwa y'entalo, era ku ntikko yaazo, abasirikale abasukka 20,000 baassibwawo eyo. Mu kiseera kya Good Foundation Agreement, gavumenti ya Bungereza yasalawo okukendeeza emikolo gy'agyezo n'okukoma obulabirizi obudde mu bitundu byato. Ekiruubirirwa tekyakoma mangu, naye kyayanguya nnyo ng'embeera y'obukuumi ezzeewo. Mu 2007, oluvannyuma lw'okuva mu bujjuvu lweyawula byonna era n'obuyinza obwali buz'okufuga ne buzziddwawo, gavumenti y'enze mu ttwaleetwale, K K'etwale enzikko, era n'endwadde nga 38-amasaawa ag'obudde mu Northern Ireland ne mu bitundu bya mpula bya gavumenti z'ensigalira mu ggwanga. Ebipimo byagobe nga bikendeezesebwa, nga bigendera ku nkola ya poliro mu mbeera ya Ireland, era nga yagoma y'envuunyinyinyinyinyinyinyinyinyinyinyinyinyinyi , era nga yagoma

Envinnyo Eggibwawo

Ekintu ekirala ekyalabika mu kumalawo entalo kwe kuggyawo ebikumi n'ebikumi by'ebifo by'abasirikale, enzivuunula z'obulango, n'ebiwandiiko ebyakebera ebifo ebyamanyibwa ennyo ensi gyebalira, naddala ku nsalo ne mu bitundu ebyavanga mu ggwanga. Bino byali bbujjukizo bya maanyi olw'entalo era byaleetawo ekikangala. Gavumenti ya Bungereza yatandika enteekateeka okuggyawo oba okuzza ebiwandiiko bya b'ebifo bino. Ebyokulabirako bino bizingiramu okuzitookebwa kwa amagye nga Abercorn Barracks mu Bilykinsor, okuggibwawo ebkomera erya bulijjo eri ekisenge eky'emirembe mu West Belfast, era n'okubikkuunjulwa kw'ebifo ebizimbe ebyali bikuumirwa mu nviiringi. Ebyabuyonjo mu nsi za ebikozesebwa mu kusobozesa okumanyisa amagye okumanyisaawo, ne mu ngeri endala, okusobozesa okuwanirira emirembe.

Ebizibu by’Ofuna n’Ebyo by’Okola

Ekiragiro kino okuleka eby'okulwanyisa n'okuggyamu abasirikale wansi w'Ekkomera ery'okutaano eddungi kyatuukiriza ebyavaamu. Emirimu egisinga obungi egitali gya mateeka giggiddwawo. amagye ga Bungereza tegakyatambula nguudo, era abasirikale bannabyabufuzi. Ebyo byalina amakulu mangi nnyo mu nkola y'enkuŋŋaana n'ekitongole kya Northern Ireland, ne ku nteekateeka ez'emirembe, era ne mu nkola ey'emirembe mungi eyakirabindabidde mu by'obufuzi. Omulimu gwa IICD ne okukolebwa kwa Patten Reportss ne k'ensonga za Patte nga biwandikiro bya bantu bannabyabufuzi. Wabula, ebizibu byasigalawo. Ebibiina ebitono ebigatte ebiva mu ggwanga ebitono, nga IRA ne I RA, bikyabeera era nga tebibiddiddwawo mu ggwanga lyagogo. Ng'envumbo za Ireland ne zigobe nga zigobeewo mu ngeri y'envumbo za gavumenti za gavumenti za gavumenti za Ireland, ate nga zikyazikkiriza okukolebwa okukolebwa okukolebwa okukolebwa okusoomooza okukolebwa okukolebwa okusobola okusoomooza okuko. Wayinja

Ensonga z’Obukuumi Ezajja

Obulumbaganyi okuva ku barfu abarwanirira obuwagguzi obuva ku nsalo z'abatuuze ab'enfunda ne za Amerika busigala ku "sece" (ekitegeeza nti obulumbaganyi bukolebwa) mu Northern Ireland nga nga bwe kiragiddwa Mi5. Ebibinja bino byenyigidde mu bulumbaganyi ku poliisi ne ku bakuumi b'amakomera awamu n'ebyokulwanyisa eby'amaanyi. Okugoba mu bitundu ebimu eby'ensalo, obutundutundutundu obunene n'ebyokulwanyisa eby'amaanyi, byetasobola okwegobererwa ddala, era n'okukulwanyisa kwa b'amasaze. Okuggibwa kw'amagye n'okugattibwa kwa maanyi tekuyinza kumalawo bizibu bino eby'amaanyi, naye kukyusizza essira ku n'okuteekateeka ebitongole by'eby'amagye. Mu ngeri y'emu, ebikolebwa ku by'ekiwayinja kya bulijjo, naye nga bigobesebwawo ebiva mu mbeera ey'eby'okuva mu kifo ky'okuva mu kifo ky'okumanyira enkalubirira mu kifo eky'okuyingira mu kifo ky'okugo, eby

Okukakasa n’Okulabirira Ensi Yonna

Obuwanguzi mu kuggyamu ebyokulwanyisa n'okuggyamu abasirikale bwasibuka ku nviiri za maanyi mu nsi. CD kyali kibiina kya bannabyabufuzi abangi ekyalina ebitundu okuva ebweru wa UK ne Ireland, nga kikakasa obwetwaze. Enkola zaakyo ez'okweraga nga okukozesa abakugu mu bya ggye lya US okulaba okuzikirizibwa kw'ebyokulwanyisa era n'okukozesa obujulizi obulaga nti abazannyi bannazo tebasobola kutuukiriza. Olukiiko lwa Independent Monitoring Commis (IMC), olwateekebwawo mu 2004 mu ttendekero lya St Andrews Congreement, era ne lakolawo omulimu. IMCC Commentation z'aleka oba ng'okuva mu mulimu okusimbula enzikiza amagye agava mu nsi yonna, era ne lipoota zaayamba okumanyisa obuvunaanyizibwa obw'okunyweza obutebe bw'eggwanga. Ekiragiro kino kikakasa ekitongole kya gruppeekiso kyamanyibwa mu nsi yonna kyategekebwa mu nsi yonna.

Mafundikira: Okuwagira Emirembe

Okuleka eby'okulwanyisa n'okuggyamu eby'okulwanyisa mu Kivumenti ekiyitibwa Good Frigine Desert kyayamba nnyo mu kukyusa Northern Ireland okuva mu kitundu eky'olutalo okudda mu demokrase. Okuva mu malwanyi ag'amaanyi kyaggyawo eby'okulwanyisa ebyakozesebwa okuleetawo ettemu, ng'ate okugoonyattulwa kw'eby'amagye kwayamba okuzzaawo obwesige mu bantu ab'eggwanga. Enkyukakyuka zino tezaakolebwa mu kiseera kitono, era n'enteekateeka ey'okulabirizibwa mu ngeri ey'okulaalwa, okuddukanya, okw'ensi yonna okuddukanya, n'okusalawo okuteeka obulamu mu kabi. Wall we gutabeererawo, ebizibu byeyongera okuva mu by'ekitongole eby'eby'okulwanyisa ebya bulijjo okuzikwata ku by'obufuzi bya katemba n'okuleetawo emirembe. Ebyawumba ebinene n'eby'okusinga okusobozesa okumanyisat'okuteekawo enziro, tebikakasa nti emirembe gy'emirembe giba gya maanyi. Ate ne mu ggwanga ery'okukyungibwa kwa Ireland, tewali kiyinza okuteekawo enziganya okubaamu okugo.

Ekiragiro kino kiyongera ku kusoma ebikwata ku nteekateeka ezo. Ekiwandiiko ekiba kifulumya ebiba biweereddwa mu mulimu gw'okuwaayo, laba [ ekirimu ebigambo by'Alipoota Ennungi ey'oku Lwomukaaga. Ebikwata ku byafaayo ebikwata ku nkola y'okutongoza omulimu kiyinza okusangibwa ku nkola ey'okugisaamu [[[FLT:]. Oluwandika lw'eby'enkola ya Pat:] Kitenser [[FLT:] n'okunoonyereza ku nsonga ya poliisi ku nsonga eyo, kikusobozesa okukebera ebisoomooza ebiriwo mu nsi [[FLT][FLT][FLT][5]