Ekintu Ekitandika Okugitegeera: Amakulu Agali mu Kusalawo kw’Amayoral

Okukuba akalulu Mayoral mu United Kingdom kwava mu kunoonyereza okupya mu ngeri y'okufuga mu kitundu ne ku kunnyonnyola engeri y'eby'obufuzi mu nsi eyo. Okuva mu mwaka gwa 2000, empaka zino bwe zaatandikibwawo, empaka zino ziwadde abalonde akakisa okuteekateeka enkola y'entambula, ey'okusumya amayumba, ey'eby'enfuna, n'enyimba z'obutebenkevu mu bitundu. Okwawukana ku ku kulonda okumanyibwa obutongole, obufuga ebibiina by'eggwanga nga b'enkola ya ssematalo ne projencesss, amawanga gameeya meya meya meya meeya meya meeya meeya stant, era n'enkola z'eggwanga.

Nga kw'otadde meeya w'ekibuga ne gavumenti z'omu bibuga byonna, nga mw'otwalidde London, Greater Manchester, Midlands, ekitundu ky'ekibuga Liverpool, ne Tees Valley, okulonda kuno kusikiriza eby'amasannya g'eby'empuliziganya bingi era n'engeri gye bikozesebwamu. Era bakola ng'ebisenge ebigezesa ebiba b'enkola ku ku kulonda okuppya, gamba nga Snostic Vote (okugenda kudda mu kifo kya First Post mu kiseera kya Evolutions Act 2022), era n'okunoonyereza ku nkola empya eziyinza okukyusiza ebitongole by'eggwanga. Ekitundu kino kinoonyereza ku nkola z'eby'eby'obufuzi eby'okukuba akalulu, ebigattiddwa mu bibiina ebitegekebwa abavvubirwa, n'okukuba obugattifu mu nsi.

Ebyakabuusibwa ebikwata ku kusalawo okw’ekika kya UK Mayoral: Evolution and Trace

Ebyafaayo Ebimpimpi

Ekiragiro kino kyatandika n'Akakiiko k'omu kibuga Greater London Authority Act 1999, era nga keetongoola ekibuga London. Mu 2000, akalulu akasooka kaakolebwa mu kampuni akasooka kaaleetera Ken Livingstone okuwangula nga yeetongodde. Okuva olwo, ebibuga ebirala n'ab'obuyinza baago baatandikira ku mitendera gya gavumenti ey'omu kitundu. Mu bintu bino tewabangawo, ab'obuyinza baateekawo enkola ya Meyamajalajala w'obuyinza mu 2017, nga bassaawaatemanyi b'ebifo ebirala nga Great Manchesterce, Midlands, ne Liverpool.

Engeri Okunoonyereza kwa Mayoral gye Kukolamu

Ekiragiro UK meeyal streams ass assookereza akalulu buli luvannyuma lwa myaka ena, nga buli luvannyuma lwa myaka ena okuva mu 2000, era nga buli myaka ena egiddako mu 2024, okutuusa gye buvuddeko awo, sisitemu ya SPRIT Vote ekozesebwa okulonda ba meeya ab'obuyinza mu Bungereza, abavvuunulizi gye balaga ekifo ekisooka n'ekyokubiri. Singa omuteesiteesi yenna tatuuka ku 50% ku bannannyini abalonde abalonde, ebirondebwa ebyaddirira ebiteebwa byagwo bissibwa mu kifo ekitono. Kyokka, eccomments Act 20222 elagira okukyukira ku Lukalala olusooka olw'okulonda olupya olw'adde olukuba olukola olukalala olupya mu meeya meeya meeya meeya perdood sit. Enkyukakyuka eno esuubirwa okukendeeza obululu era n'okulonda obupapula obutonotono bukkulembeddeko.

Mu bibiina ebyo mwe muli Bungereza, Ireland, Ireland, Commonwealth, n’abantu abali mu EU abagoberera amateeka ga gavumenti ga gavumenti ga gavumenti gaawo.

Amaanyi n’Obuvunaanyizibwa

Abakugu baawukana mu maanyi gaabwe nga basinziira ku ofiisi. Abamaya b'e London balina obuyinza bungi ku by'entambula (Templates of London), ku police (Metropolitan Police Authority), ku kuzimba, kukulaakulana mu by'enfuna. Metro Meya w'obuyinza obugattiddwa balina obuyinza ku nteegi y'entambula, obukugu, n'eby'emirimu, naye nga bawagira omulimu gw'okuzzaawo emirimu, okuggyako nga bakkiriziganya. Amagye gano go gakola okulonda meeyalanti y'eby'eby'entambula, era n'okusobozesa obuvunaanyizibwa okuzzaawo obuva mu mabbaasi okulonda obulamu bw'abantu abangi.

Ekibinja ky’Abantu Abanoonyereza ku by’Engeri ez’Enjawulo ez’Ekibiina mu Luganda lwa UK Mayoral: Abazannyi Abayitibwa Domin and Emerging Forces

Akatundu ka Labour

Labour ekitongole ekikyakola obulungi mu kulonda mu UK meeyal, nga kikuuma meeya w'ekibuga London (Sadiq Khan), Great Manchester (Andy Burnham), Ekibuga Liverpool City (Steve Rotheram), ne West Yorkshire (Trabin), era n'abalala. Enteekateeka z'amaanyi mu bibuga ne ku nkolagana yabyo ne gavumenti y'ekiwandiike, biwagidde nnyo okulungiya. Labour meeyarsssssssssssss'essssss, ebikolerwa mu by'obusuubuzi, n'ensonga ez'ensonga ez'ensonga ez'enjawulo ezireeteetwadde, era n'enkolagana ey'obugunjulaavu n'obugunjufu mu maggulu.

Akatundu Akabaganya

Meya w'ebitundu ebyo si bangi naye balina ofiisi za njawulo nga mw'otwalidde n'ekiwonvu (Ben Houchen) n'e West Midlands (Ander Street). Obuwanguzi bw'ekibiina kino mu bitundu bino bulaga ebiruubirirwa bya Ba Houchen, gamba ng'okussa essira ku Teesside Freeport n'okuggulawo ebifo bya bannabyabufuzi mu SS, n'okusoomooza abafuzi mu mpuku z'ebyuma mu kibuga nga bakuba ebikolerwako obutereevu. Abafuzi mu kibuga emirundi mingi bassa essira ku ku kukulaakulana kw'eby'enfuna, n'okuwakanya Labour mu misolo ne ku by'embalirira. Ate era bataddewo omutwe nga bakozesa obupande mu madaala okusoomooza gavumenti mu manya ga magdaala n'enna.

Abaziyiza Ebirowoozo

Ba Liberal Democrates balina ekifo ekitono mu kulonda okwa meeya. Baaddirira mu kulonda okwasooka okwa London Meyal okwakolebwa Susan Kramer, era gye buvuddeko awo, babadde bakubaganye empaka mu bitundu nga South Yorkshire ne mu bukiikakkono bw'obukiikakkono bw'obukiikaddyo. Okuwaayo kwabwe kuzingiramu okugatta awamu eby'enkola y'ekifo, enjereere, n'okuziyiza Labourv ne Conservative byeyisa. Mu mitawaana egimu egya waggulu, bawangudde butereevu, nga Mayariede of Cambrigre ne Peterbough bwe yabuuka mu 2017 (etwalibwa Abakulembeddwako mu 2017).

Akatundu Obwakini

Gant Party tennawangula bantu abalondeddwa butereevu okubeera bameja mu UK, naye abo abagigendako baatuukiriza nnyo, naddala mu London (Siân Berry mu kifo eky'okusatu) era ne mu Bugwanjuba bwa Bungereza. Kaweefube waabwe essira assa essira ku nkola y'obudde, ennyimba ez'obuttu ez'eby'obuttu, n'okukulaakulana mu by'enfuna. Ng'embeera y'obudde yeeyongera, aba Greens beeyongera okulonda mu kifo kya waggulu eky'okuteekawo olukujju lw'enkola y'enkola y'okuteekawo olufu.

Emikolo Egitali Gimu n’Egyo

Abo abeetwala okuba abalonde bawagidde okukuba empaka z'ameeya, n'abo abamanyiddwa ennyo Ken Livingstone mu 2000. Gye buvuddeko awo, abo abeetongodde bawangudde ebifo mu bifo eby'omu buyinza. Gavumenti ya Wales ereetebwawo meeya w'ekibuga Bristol – wadde nga oluvannyuma yaggibwawo. Amagye g'empaka nga Scotland National Party (SNP) ne Pymru tegattika ku kulonda bannannyini bannaalubinja, naye gaawunziko okukuba akawanjufu mu Bungereza. Gavumenti ya Wales etwaliddewo bameeyawule meeya Cardiffi nazo endala, gye zaayingirira.

Enkyukakyuka n’Endowooza: Turnout, Demographics, n’Obwesigwa Obukyukakyuka

Empandika

Voter avvuunup mu kulonda meeya w'akuuma emirundi mingi ki wansi ku kulonda okwa bulijjo, nga kutera okugwa wakati wa 30% ne 45%. Abalonde abassawo akalulu basinga obungi mu kulonda kwa ssaawa, oba meeya w'ab'obuyinza abalina obuyinza obutono. London, nga baasaasaanyiza profile n'abalonda abangi, balaba olukunsi (42% mu 2021, 53% mu 2000). Turmout kisiikirwa olw'omugambo gwa meeya, okuvuganya, n'okuvuganya okw'empakaanyi.

Enkyukakyuka mu Bikwata ku Bufuge

Ku luuyi olulala, ekirooto ekito (18934) kyalaga nti kyenyigidde mu kulonda meya, naddala mu bifo ebirina enkola ey'okugoberera enkola y'abavubuka nga batambula bbaasi nga bali wansi wa 25 mu Great Manchester oba kaweefube ow'okukifunira. Kyokka, abavvuoti abakulu mu myaka basigala nga bakyasemba abo ababa balondedde okulonda era n'okusiima abo ababa bagenda okulonda ekkomo ku nsonga ezikwata ku mmesenyu. Ebika by'obuto n'eby'amateeka n'ebyenfuna, naddala mu London ne Birmingham, bafuuse bavugisingi b'abawanjufu mu ku kuwanguzi bannaabwe ebbeebwe ennyo. Kyokka, waliwo obubonero bw'abasinga obungi ku nsonga z'amateeka n'ebyenfuna.

Ebikontana n’Ebibiina by’Abantu

Kuno kweyongera okukuba akalulu mu nkola y'okulonda okwa meeya gye buvuddeko awo, nga kulonda okw'ekika kino, ensonga z'eby'entambula – enju, obutebe bw'empewo n'okusinga obwesigwa bw'ekibiina ky'eggwanga. Ng'ekyokulabirako, mu kulonda okwa Tees Valley Te1, Conservative Ben Houchen yawangula ekitundu eky'ensi wadde nga Labour mu kunoonyereza kwakolebwa mu ggwanga. Kino kiyinza okuviirako Labour okulonda mu ngeri ey'enjawulo. Mu ngeri y'emu, okulonda mu kitundu kya Ander Street, era okuwangula kwa Ander Street mu West Midlands mu 2021 kwalaga nti ekiwandikiro kya Conservative mu Cuumbent kuyinza okuwangula mu kitundu eky'eggwanga nga bassaako essirasaafu mu kukulaakulana mu by'enfuna by'ensi.

Emirimu n’Obuzira Ebireetera Omuntu Okugaziya ku Bukulu bw’Ebintu

Mu nkola eya Snodic Vote, okulonda kwabanga kwa bulijjo, ng'okulonda okw'akakodyo okw'okubiri era nga kulina ekifo ekikulu mu mizannyo gy'okusemba. Mu 2024, okukyusibwa mu Lusooka Pristy kuyinza okukendeeza ku nkola eno naye era kuyinza okunyigiriza abantu abatono nga batya “okukuba akalulu. ” Enkyukakyuka esuubirwa okuganyula ebibinja bibiri ebikulu, wadde nga abo abeesalirawo obukwasiro nga balina endowooza ez'amaanyi bayinza okweyongera.

Ebyafaayo ku Bufuzi bw’Eggwanga: Westminster Akozesa Ekisiikirize

Wadde nga meeya Burnham alinga alonda ekitundu mwe balonda, bagoberera nnyo engeri y'eby'obufuzi mu nsi eyo. Okuganja kw'ekibiina ekifuga kuyinza okwongera oba okulemesa abo abagenda okukifuga, ate bameeya ab'ebifo aba waggulu basobola okufuuka ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga era n'abasoomooza obukulembeze bw'ekibiina. Ng'ekyokulabirako, Ander Burnham bye yakola mu munnaawula mu kiseera kya kawumpuli w'ekika kya COVID-19 era n'obukyayinjabi bwe n'obufuzi bw'abyo ne gavumenti y'essa mu bukulembeze bw'eggwanga obusinga obungi.

Brexit alina kinene kye yakola mu bifo ebirimu eby'amaanyi, naddala nga mu kibuga Tees Valley ne West Midlands, gye baawagira okuleka ab'obuyinza mu 'buvanjuba' ne balekayo ekibiina kya EU era ne bagezaako okukiteekamu entegeka. Ab'obuyinza mu bitundu ebisigala nga bikola ssente gamba nga London ne Greater Manchester, baalina okulonda eby'enkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi mu by'enfuna, nga beesigama nnyo ku bizibu bya Brexit. Ebizibu by'obulamu, ebizibu by'obuweereza, n'ebbula ly'amayumba byeyongera mu kaweefube mu bya kaweefube, nga ko n'emboozi z'ebyobufuzi mu nsi yonna ezzewo.

Enteekateeka za gavumenti ne meeya ezitongozebwa zitera okuleetawo obukuubagano. Gavumenti ya Labour enoonya okukomyawo enkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi mu nsi, naye obutakkaanya ku by'okuwaayo ssente, enkola y'eby'entambula, n'ebyo ebinoonyezebwa bikyaliwo. Ebbeewangudde mu meeya bulijjo nga Sadiq Khan ne Andy Burnham bawakanya enkola za gavumenti nga bakozesa ebitongole byabwe okulwanirira obuyinza n'eby'obugagga.

Okunoonyereza ku Case: Okulonda kw’Abamayoli mu Gwato

London: Kabaka w’Ekibiina ky’Eby’obufuzi kya Mayoral

Mayor ya kulonda mu London ye mpaka ez'amaanyi ezisinga okukolebwa mu mpaka z'eby'eby'empuliziganya, era ne kaweefube ow'enjawulo. Mu 2024, Sadiq Khan (Labour) yawangula eky'okusatu, okuwangula Conservative Susan Hall wakati w'entalo mu ULEZ n'obumenyi bwa mateeka. Okuwangula kwa Khan kwaleetera obuwanguzi bwa Labour mu kibuga ekikulu, akakiiko gye kawangudde buli akalonde k'amaduuka ga meeya meeya nnyini gye kaayungidde okuva mu 2008. Turnout mu London esigala waggulu okusinga awalala wonna, naye okulonda Labour nga 30% ey'abavvugibwa mu magye. Okulonda kwa Khookita mu kifo ekya waggulu mu 2024, okuteebereza okusingako obunene ekya Khanucean, kwalaga obuvumuvu mu kye kikoze ku ku ku kulonda ab'eggwanga lya protooki.

Manchester Omukulu: Omulimu gw’okuteekateeka obuzigizigi

Ander Burnham ye yaweereza nga Mayarster ku Greater Manchester okuva mu 2017 era yalondebwa mu 2024 ng'abantu abasinga obungi beeyongera. Okututumuka kwe kuba nti amanyidde nnyo okutambula Bee Network, awatali kusujja, n'amayumba, kimusobozesezza okufuna ekifo eky'okukulemberamu mu ggwanga. Ku kalulu akakulu aka Manchester akaalonda Burton yawangula 67 ku buli kikumi eky'okulonda, wadde Labour kiwanikibwa awalala.

Emirandira gy’Ebugwanjuba: Ekizimbe Ekiba Kikuumye ng’Onyigirizibwa

Ander Street (Ampervation) yawangula obuwanguzi bwatono mu 2024 eri Richard Parker owa Labour, era n'awangula obululu obusukka mu 5,000. Obuwanguzi bw'okuwangula okwo bweyolekera ku linnya lye nga meya akolera ku mirimu n'eby'obugagga, nga mw'otwalidde n'Emizannyo gya Commonwealth. Kyokka, ebbali lyayo lyali kko katono okulaga okubuna kw'obwa kwa Labour mu kitundu wansi wa Keir Starmer. West Middlands eraga nti, obuvunaanyizibwa obwa Conservatived ne meyameya z'eggwanga bwe ziyinza okuteekamu ebifo nga zigenda okusiizibwamu ebifo ebisanyusa Labour, ebitegekeddwa mu ggwanga erina.

Ekiwonvu: Oluwonvu Olusinga Okulabika

Ben Houchen (Mulembero) yalondebwa mu 2024 ng'alonda obululu 73% ku bunene bw'eggwanga lya Labour. Obuwanguzi bwa Houchen buva ku kunoonya kwe yalina okw'okuzzaawo eby'enfuna, nga mw'otwalidde ne Teessidend Freeport, okuggulawo obuyimbi bw'ebyuma ebikolerwamu ebizikoba nga era n'okuziyiza HS2 okusasika. Era akubirizza obuwagizi okuva ku misolo gyombi egiva mu ku kunoonyereza okw'eby'ebyenfuna.

Ekifo ky’Ab’obuyinza n’Abagabuzi ba Metro

Mu 2017, ab'obuyinza mu metaro baateekebwawo era ne bassaawo ab'obuyinza mu kifo kimu. Meya zino ze zifuga nga zigatta wamu abakulembeze b'ebitundu.

Ab'obuyinza abagattiddwa awamu si be bamu ku nkiiko enkola nga nnamba; bawa obulagirizi ku nkiiko ezo. Kino kyaleetawo obukuubagano, n'abakulembeze abamu abatuula ku kakiiko akategese. Naye, bameja b'ebitundu eby'omu bitundu byabwe basobodde okubumanyiira ebitiibwa, okusikiriza okuteekamu ssente, n'okuyingiza gavumenti mu ntegeka. Obuwanguzi bw'amayumba ga metro geeteekawo buviiriddeko okuyita enzijiji okweyongera, nga mw'otwalidde n'okufuga empagibwa k'empagi, obuwagizi, n'obuwandikiro obuvanyuma bw'emirimu.

Enkyukakyuka ez’Omu Biseera eby’Omu Mayoral Evolutions

Gavumenti y'e meeya eyinza okugaziwa. Gavumenti ya Labour emaliridde okugaziya enzivuunula y'enkyukakyuka, nga enoonyereza ku bifo ebipya ebiyinza okubaamu ebitundu nga Devon, Cornwall, ne Midlands ow'ebuvanjuba. Okutwala mu First Past the Post kuyinza okukendeeza obuyinza bw'ebitiibwa by'abantu abatono naye era ne kiyinza okuleetera abalonde okukendeeza ku nkyukakyuka. Ku luuyi olulala, okulabiraba kwa meeya w'ekibuga mu biseera eby'obuzibu – okuva ku CHOVID-19 okusobola okugula ebintu eby'obulamu – kiyinza okuleetera abalondezza obutuufu okubuteeka mu kifo eky'okulaawunzi.

Okukuba obululu ku disitulikiti n'okukuba obululu mu nkola z'amaloboozi bijja kweyongera, naddala mu bavubuka abakozesa emikutu gy'empuliziganya okusobola okumanya ebikwata ku by'obufuzi.Mu kiseera kye kimu, wajjawo okweyongerayongera kw'enkalo ezikwata ku “teetwalo” gamba ng'empewo ennungi, eby'ennyonyi enyonjo, n'amayumba amayonjo. Era wabaawo okukaakanana okw'amaanyi agakwata ku meeya meeya: abamu bawagidde ddala mu ngeri eteefu, ng’abalala balowooza nti beetaaga okuba n'amakulu.

Voter agamba nti singa meeya w'ekitongole ky'eggwanga asigazza obululu ku ebyo ebiba bivudde mu kulonda, bajja kusikiriza abakuba obululu obuva ku ttuluba ly'eggwanga. N'olwekyo, engeri eya bya bufuzi mu kakiiko k'eggwanga lya UK si ngeri ya kulonda mutono nnyo mu Westminster, naye era ttiimu esobozesa okufuna okumanya okutuufu, n'okutuusa ku bantu ab'omu kitundu.

fundikira

Mayoral ataddewo okulonda mu UK mukino omukulaakulanyizi obuvunaanyizibwa obw'amaanyi obw'okulonda, obugattika ensonga ezikwata ku nsonga z'eggwanga ne gavumenti z'ensi. "Ebika bya kibiina kyewandiise nnyo okusobola okulonda ebiganzi, naye okutandikawo kw'okulonda okw'amaanyi, abeekulembedde, n'okukubawo obululu. Kyokka, okukubaga ku nsonga z'eby'obufuzi, okugobererwa mu pulinta nga kusinga obululu, kiraga obubonero obulaga nti obusinga obusinga obunene obusinga obunene mu bitundu ebitono ebisinga obutono, naddala meeya meeya ssawa w'essa mu kuwagira enkola y'eby'obufuzi n'obufuzi mu nsi yonna, kijja kweyongera okubeera ekintu eky'enkalakkalira y'omugambo gwa mpumanyo.

'[[:0] Kino kitegeka nti buli ndukusa ezikozesebwa ku kiwandikiro oba mutwe gwa kompyuta[[Active:1]

  • Gavumenti [[AK:0]UK: Ereetera aba Maya okuteebwa mu Bungereza[[[Akabonero:1]
  • [[AK:0] Electoral Reformation Society: UK Mayoral Ecoutions
  • Amawulire aga [[NKULULA]BC: Mayoral Ecompution Akawayiro kano kaleetera ebivaamu 2024 Okunoonyereza[[[NKUMBO]
  • [[Akawayiro:0] Guardian: Mayoral Ecoutions 2024 – Kkunyonyola
  • Ennyumba ey'ekitongole ekya [[Akatabo:0] Ennyumba ey'omu layibrari eya bulijjo: Metro Metro Metro ne Gavumenti ez'Akagatta[[[KITO:1]]