Ennyanjula ya Amereka y'emu ku nnyiriri ezisinga okweyoleka mu bulamu bw'eby'obufuzi mu Amerika. Ebigambo ebitandika byayo, " Ffe Abantu," twejjidde mu bisomero, mu byuma, mu bifo ebya bulijjo okumala ebyasa ebisukka mu bibiri. Kyokka, enzivuunula ya Pregaago si ya njawulo nnyo ku ngeri y'okutandikamu. Emboozi eno etegeeza ekigendererwa, era n'ensonga enkulu ebaawo mu ngeri esobozesa abantu okutegeera amakulu gaazo okukyungibwawo. Okutegeera amakulu gaago mu n'ebyafaayo, ebyafaayo, ebiviira ddala ku ntandikwa y'ebiri, n'ensonga lwaki Pregation esigala nga ensibuko ya buli musingi gulina egguka n'essuubi eri abantu abali mu Amerekawo leero.

Ekitabo Ekyasooka

Nga tonnayingira mu mazzi, kikulu nnyo okuba n’ebiwandiiko byonna eby’Ennyanjula ey’omu mateeka ago, Gouverneur Morris ow’e Pennsylvania bye yawandiika mu kiseera ky’Ekiwandiiko ky’Etteeka mu 1787, ebigamba:

[[AKMENT:0]" Ffe Abantu ba Amereka, nga tugoberera enkola etegekedwa obulungi, nga tuteekawo obwenkanya, era nga tuteekawo obwenkanya mu maka, nga tusobozesa enkola zonna ez'okwerinda, era nga tuwaayo entegeka ya buli kiwandikiro, era nga tufunirawo n'emikisa egy'Eddembe lyaffe, tugitongoza era ne tussaawo ne tteeka lino erifuga Amerika.

Ekiragiro kino kimu ekirimu ebigambo 52, bikola kinene nnyo. Kiwanyisa obuyinza ([[[KATANDIKA:0]]" Ffe Abantu"[). Kiwandiika ebiruubirirwa mukaaga, era kinnyonnyola ekigendererwa eky'enkola y'amateeka. Buli kintu kirimu amakulu amangi.

Mukwasa paragraphia [[KITLL]]" Ffe Abantu"[[AK'AMUTANDIKA]

Obufuzi bwa Kika Bulagibwa

Ekintu ekisingirayo ddala okwenyongeza mu nkyukakyuka mu nkyusa ya Preggey kwe kugamba nti obuyinza bwa gavumenti bwisigamizibwa ku bantu so si ku nnaakabaka, oba ku masaza. Endowooza eno, emanyiddwa nga obufuzi obw'enjawulo, bwali bwa kukwata ku bantu mu kyasa 18. Mu kiseera kya ssaafumu y'Amerika, obufuzi bwalowoozebwanga okubeera mu bakabaka oba mu palamenti. Mu kuteeka erinnya "We Abantu" ku ntandikwa, abafuzi baateekawo gavumenti empya ey'ekitongole kya gavumenti kyalaga nti gavumenti empya y'obutuuze bw'abantu.

Waaliyo Ani?(N’ani Yaliyo) era Ani Eyataaliyo

Kya lwatu, ebigambo " Ffe Abantu] tetwalina kugoberera mitindo gya kakyo kano. Mu 1787, abantu abaasobola okulonda oba okutwala ebintu, abasajja baali baddu ab'amawanga mu Amerika, Nammin America, ne bazungu abandibadde nga bali mu nkola y'eby'obufuzi. Wadde ng'ennimi zonna tezaakolebwamu mu ngeri eyo, enzivumbo zaaleetera abakyala okusoosa oba okuddukanya ebintu. Ebyasaawanya okugoba, obuwangwanyi, n'obuddu obw'okulonda, obuddukiro bwonna bwakkirizibwa mu Amerika, n'abazungu obwali obutaliimu, byagobererwa mu by'obufuzi. Wabula, okusuubira nti ekisuubizo ekikolebwa kikolebwa muyinja kya muwendo. [FFOT][5][FFFFF]

Ebiruubirirwa Mukaaga eby’Okutandika

Ekiragiro kino kiraga ebigendererwa mukaaga ebyategekebwa Amateeka okutuukiriza.

[[Akawayiro:0]" ActiveS" '[[KITABO]]

Wansi wa ziragaano eza Confederation (1781-1789), gavumenti zaakolera wamu ne gavumenti emu etalina mugaso. Obufumbo obwo bwali tebutuukiridde.[1] Tebusobola kufuga bulungi misolo, oba okukwasisa mateeka. Ebigambo "bumu obutuukiridde" byategeera nti enteekateeka eyaliwo ku butaka yali nnafu era nga yeetaagisa enkyukakyuka. Abakola enteekateeka okusobola okuleetawo gavumenti ey'amaanyi mu kiseera kino naye nga bakyassa ekitiibwa mu bufuzi obwa bulijjo. Leero, ekiruubirirwa ky'obumu obusinga obutuukiridde kyeyongera okuleetawo enkaayanjo ezikwata ku gavumenti, obumu mu ggwanga, n'okuvvuunuka enjawukana mu by'obufuzi. Ssekulembe mu 1995, Amateeka "gattirawo abafuzi baayoleka endowooza eyo etuukiridde ennyo ne basobola okutuukirizibwa okuyitira mu ku mateeka ago abiri agafuga."

2. [[AGUMENTI:0]" Ekiragiro kino kiyisa bubi ekiragiro mu nsonga ezitannaba kuggwamu mitemwa ey'ebyuma mu nsi yonna"[[KITABO:1]

obwenkanya kye kintu ekikulu ekyasalwako oluvannyuma lw'enkyukakyuka. Abasoloowa baayisa bubi nnyo mu ngeri gye baatwalanga ng'enkola y'amateeka ga Bungereza etali ya bwenkanya. Mu kyasa ekya 21, etteeka eryali lisaba obwenkanya n'obutasosola, era n'okuyisibwa mu ngeri y'emu wansi w'amateeka. Ekiragiro kyassaawo kooti y'eggwanga, nga mw'enkiiko enkulu, nga mw'otwalidde ne Kkooti enkulu, era ne kikakasa eddembe lyayo nga Habeas corpus ne gujulirwa abalamuzi. Mu kyasa ekya 21, ekigambo "Pricity Justice" kitera okusembebwa mu kunnyonnyonnyonnyolwa ku bikwata ku ku kutuukiriza kibonerezo ekiva mu langi, era n'okutuukana kwa bannannyini mateeka. Ebigambo bijjukiza abantu b'eggwanga nti obwenkanya si kye kintu ekikolebwa mu maaso naye okuwombejja mu nsonga.

3. [[Akawayiro:0]" Akawayiro akakolebwa mu maka bwe kaggwanga[[Akabonero:1]

Mu myaka 1780 waaliwo obusambattuko, nga mw'otwalidde Shays' Region (1786-87), obudumba bw'abalimi ab'omu Massachusetts. Gavumenti wansi wa kaweefube teyasobola kuteekawo ggye okukomya obujeemu buno, ekyaleetera abakulembeze bangi okumatiza nti gavumenti y'eggwanga ey'amaanyi yali yeetaagisa. "Emirembe" kyali kitegeeza emirembe n'entegeka ey'omunda, naye era kyali kiyinza n'okuziyiza akabenje. Leero, ekiruubirirwa kino kyeyolekera mu kifo gavumenti ky'ewanjula mu kukuuma obutebenkenkevu, n'okugonjoola ebizibu by'omu butonde. Era kireetawo ebibuuzo ebikwata ku mbeera ey'emirembe wakati w'obutebenkenkevu n'enfuga.

4. [[Akawayiro:0]" Pulani ku by'obukuumi ebya bulijjo"[[AK'AWATANDIKWA:1]

Mu nkomerero y'ekyasa ekya 18, Amerika yayolekagana n'obulabe okuva ku mawanga ga Bulaaya ne Amerika. amagye agaategekebwa nga gamu gaayamba abantu okuwonawo. Ekiragiro kyawa Congress obuyinza okuyimirizaawo amagye, okuzimba eggye ery'oku mazzi, era n'okulangirira olutalo. "Okwerinda" kitegeeza nti eggwanga lyonna lyandyenyigidde wamu omugugu gw'obukuumi mu kifo eky'okugusiikiriza mu ggwanga erimu. Leero, ebbanga ly'okwego, envanyuma y'eggwanga lya U.S , enkalala z'amagye, n'enkola y'ekirwawo, n'enkola y'enkola y'amagye.

5. [[AGUMENTI:0]" Kino kiyamba mu kuleetawo olukumbo olusooka, olusooka lwokka lwewandikewo"[[AK'AWATANDIKI][:1]

Ebigambo bino byannyonnyolwa nnyo. Abamu bagamba nti birese gavumenti okugoberera enkola eya buli kika mu mbeera z'abantu ne mu by'enfuna; abalala baagisoma nga ekkomo ku buyinza bwa gavumenti. mu byafaayo, ebigambo ebifuga enkola ey'okudduukirira abantu bikozesebwa okulaga nti programu gamba nga Social Security, Medicare, ne factory'eby'eby'obugagga bya bulijjo bikkirizibwa. James Madison yabiwandiikira mu [FLD:0] Federalst No. 41[FLT]

6. [[Act:0]" Kebera emikisa egy'Eddembe era n'Enkola yaffe"[[KY'AWATANDIKWA:1]

Ekiruubirirwa ekisembayo kye ky'omuntu kinnoomu era n'eky'omulembe. "Essirakiti ly'eddembe" litegeeza eddembe n'eddembe Amateeka bye gakuuma, gamba nga eddembe ly'okwogera, eddiini, n'engeri y'okukolamu ebintu. Okuteekebwawo kwa "Enkomerero" kiraga nti abateesiteesi baalowoozanga ku biseera byabwe eby'enjawulo. Baayagalanga tteeka erina okuganyula emirembe egijja mu biseera eby'omu maaso. Endowooza eno ey'okulabirira mu Amereka ekukuutidde abantu bonna, nga mw'otwalidde n'abo abatannazaalibwa. Emboozi eyo esangibwa mu ndowooza z'emisango, mu bigambo bya prezidenkola, era ne mu mikolo egy'enkola nga abatuuze abappya balayidde ddala amateeka.

Obubaka Obuleetawo Obumu

Obumu bubunye mu lulimi n'enkola by'omunaana. Ekikolwa kino eky'okulangirira nti ‘ Ffe Abantu mu kifo kya "Twonna Bakabaka" kiggumiza ggwanga limu. Ebiruubirirwa omukaaga byonna bye bimu: byogera ku ggwanga lyonna okusobola okutuukiriza bye lisaanidde okutuukiriza, so si ekyo omuntu kinnoomu oba eky'ekitongole kye kyagala. Okussa essira ku bumu kyali kikwata ku kiseera eky'obusosoze. Abakozi baakirizi baamanya nti eggwanga eryo teririna kigendererwa kimu, ensi eyo egwa.

Obumu tebutegeeza nti obumu busobola okusinziirwako. Pregear akitegeera nti obumu mu mawanga ag'enjawulo n'abantu busobola okumanyibwa. Mu byafaayo byonna ebya Amerika, endowooza ey'okuba obumu yagezesebwa entalo z'omunda, ebibiina by'abantu, n'eby'obufuzi. Kyokka Pregegeargery Abraham Lincoln yakikwata ku buwandikiro mu ntegeka ye eya Getysburg Addressky, yali ajjuukirira ku ggwanga eriri obumu. Mu kyasa ekya 20, oluyimba lwa Martin Luther King Jr. lwasemba oluvanyuma lw'ensonga n'obumu olw'okulwanirira eddembe ly'abantu. [[FLT:], National Center [FLFFF:1] olunnyonnyola oluyimba olwo oluyitibwa Preging lukozesebwa abakulembezerigationsssssssss.

Obubaka Obuwa Essuubi

Ebigambo ebitandika okukozesebwa mu kugatta awamu ebiwa essuubi biraga nti wadde nga n'Ekibiina kino tekituukiridde, kiyinza okulongoosaamu. "Weekuumireko emikisa egy’Ow’eddembe era n'Ebiruubirirwa byaffe" bwoleka obwesige nti eddembe liyinza okukuumibwa era ne lisubwa. Ennyanjula tessa essira ku bintu eby’emabega oba akabi akabaddewo; yeesunga ebyo ebiyinza okukolebwa.

Essuubi lino ery'okutumbula ebigenda mu maaso lyanywezezza nnyo Abamerika mu biseera eby'ekizibu. Mu kiseera ky'okwettuwalanya okw'amaanyi, Pulezidenti Franklin D. Roosevelt yakozesa olulimi olugobererwa mu programu ze eza New Deac, ng'agamba nti okuteeka mu nkola gavumenti okusobola okuweerera ddala okubonaabona. Oluvannyuma lwa bayingiza, abakulembeze b'ebitongole byo byombi baajuliza ebigambo ebigamba nti embeera y'eby'eby'obufuzi egenda okutereera era n'okukolera awamu. Ne mu biseera eby'obusambattuko bw'ebyobufuzi, Preget alaga okwolesebwa ku ngeri y'okugonjoola ebizibu ebigenda okubaawo mu Amereka.

Essuubi eriri mu Predge teri butaliimu. Naye bannabyabufuzi baali bamanyi bulungi nti gavumenti z'abantu zisobola okukola, era nti zisobola okuleetawo emirembe mu nsi yonna. Endowooza eyo yeeyongera okuleetera abantu okweyambisa amateeka ga gavumenti z'ensi yonna okuteekawo emirembe mu nsi yonna.

Amakulu g’Ebyafaayo: Ennyanjula Egiri mu Nsengeka

Olukuŋŋaana olw’Etteeka mu 1787

Olukuŋŋaana olwo bwe lwali lukubyeko mu Philadelphia mu 1787, baafuna okusoomooza kwa maanyi. Ebitundu ebyagattibwa mu Confederation byagwa butaka, ebbula ly'eby'enfuna ne kiba nti enkaayana wakati w'obufumbo bwali tezikyasobola kunyweza n'obuwangwa bw'obumu. Pregeget yalondebwa akakiiko akawandikiro akayitibwa Gouverneur Morris, kumpi ku nkomerero y'olukuŋŋaana. Morris yali muweesi w'ebitonde eby'amaanyi era yateeka abalaguzi mu tteeka lya maanyi mu tteeka. Pregatry teyasittanga babbawaaza kiwayirwawo nga tewali kukubaganya birowoozo.

Okulonda n’Empapula Ezikwata ku Kibiina

Mu mpaka za bannabyabufuzi, abawagizi ba Constitution (Federalist) baajuliza nnyo ennyanjula ekozesebwa okulwanirira gavumenti y'eggwanga ey'amaanyi. Kederalist No. , Alexander Hamilton yakubiriza abantu b'omu Amerika okusalawo "kawuka nga ddala basobola oba nga tebasobola kussaawo gavumenti ennungi obutasobola kubaako kye ziraga oba bye okwesalirawo." Pregagergeing yateekawo omwoyo ogwo ogw'okulaga n'okulonda. Abavumuvumu (Anti-Flaiserist) yali yeetya nti olulimi olugaziwangi luyinza okukozesebwa okugaziyawuza amaanyi. Ebbeetaazaazaazaanya gavumenti mu 1791, ezaaleetera Bill of Rightsswo okutongoola oba obutateekawo ekiwandiiko eby'obuyinza.

Ennyanjula mu Kkooti Esinga Obukulu

Wadde ng'Entandikwa y'olupapula lw'amawulire tewa mawanga oba nga tewa budde bulaga nti kkooti enkulu ebaddeko si ye nsibuko y'obuyinza obwaddaaki.[1] Emirundi mingi ekiragiro kijulizibwa okwanika ebigendererwa by'amateeka. ] Mcloch v. Mary [FLY][F:3][18]] [18] [18]), Omulamuzi omukulu John Marshall yayogera ku kigendererwa kya Constitution okuwakanya nti amateeka gaanywera ebbanga eritali lya bulijjo, era nti gavumenti yannyonnyola obuyinza obubadde bukwate mu kkooti endala okusobola okutuukiriza obuvunaanyizibwa bwayo. Mu ngeri y'emu, mu [FOLD] mu ggwanga eririmu.[FOLD [F] transport [F]

Okuguma ng’Oli Munyiikivu: Essaawa mu Bulamu bw’Amerika

Ekikolobero kino kisingawo ku ebyo ebikolebwa mu kkooti. Kiragibwa mu ngeri nnyingi: abaana b'eb'eb'ebiwandiiko ebyo bakyogerako, era abakungu baalondebwa bakjuliza mu ndagiriro ez'okuggulawo. " FOLT" FOLT"[] FOLT [Kikolwa kino kibadde kaweefube w'okulwanirira entegeka z'abantu. [[FLT:][FLT] Era kiwanjula nti abantu be bantu abagenda mu bitundu ebya waggulu ebiva mu matendekero aga bulijjo.

Oboolyawo amaanyi ga Pregear gayinza okuba nga gava mu ngeri gye gategeeramu embeera z'ensi. Mu kifo ky'ekyo, tegawa ndowooza ndala. Wabula, gasobozesa okukaayana. Enkola y'enjawukana mu kussaawo obwannannyini. Emboozi eno eyinza okusikiriza "Obwenkanya oba "Empandika ey'eby'obufuzi" okukaayana olw'okwolesebwa kwe balina mu nsi. Awo akakwate akakwate ku Amereka okuwakanya obufumbo obutuukiridde bwe bulina okubeera, era n'engeri esingayo obulungi ey'okunywezamu eddembe. Emboozi eno ebaawo ku nsonga y'amateeka era n'ewandikiddwawo.

Okwo kukomekkerezebwa: Obumu n’Essuubi eby’Omu Kiseera Kino

Obubaka obw'obumu n'okusuubira bukulu nnyo. Mu kiseera kino nga wazzeewo enjawukana mu by'obufuzi, ebigambo " Ffe Abantu" tujjukiza Bannamerika nti balina obutuuze bumu era n'ekigendererwa kyenkana. Ebiruubirirwa mukaaga, obwenkanya, obukkakkamu, obuwanguzi, obwenkanya, okusanyusibwa, okusuubira okukola ku bizibu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino, okuva ku busosoze bw'eby'eby'enfuna okutuuka ku bwenkanya mu ggwanga. Pregoridge tesuubiza nti buli mulembe gulina buddukiro. Buli mulembe gukusaba abantu okwenyigira mu mulimu gw'okuzimba obumu obutuukiridde. Singa abantu b'ensiginaagira nti bakkirizibwa okukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa, era n'essuubi eri mu biseera eby'omu maaso ebijja, basuubira okweyongera okusuubira mu kutuukirizibwa mu nkola ey'okugookwo.