Ennyanjula y'olukiiko olukulu olw'ensi mu Amerika singojja ku ntandikwa. Ebigambo bino ebyakolebwa mu bugenderevu, mu ngeri ey'amagezi ebiyamba okuteekawo omusingi gwa Constantin. Okutandikira ku bigambo "Ffe People," abakola olukalala baayoleka enkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi mu b'obuyinza obwa bannabyabufuzi ("okuva ku bakabaka bokka n'abakungu mu ggwanga. Ekiwandiiko kino ekiggulawo enzijibwawo, n'ebigendererwa mukaaga ebigoberera, byeyongera okumanyisaamu nga biwawawa amakulu gaabyo ag'ekigendererwa kya ggwanga. Pregey teyawandisizza buyinza bwa gavumenti; mu kifo ky'ekyo, kinnyonnyola emitindo egiwagira enkula y'obutunzivuzi bw'obusobo n'obufirososookisi.

Ebyafaayo Ebikwata ku Kuyingira Eggaali ly’Omugga

Gavumenti wansi w'ebitundu ebyo tewaalina buyinza kusasula misolo, kufuga mateeka ga by'obusuubuzi, oba okugobererwa, ekyaviirako obusambattuko bw'eby'enfuna okugootaana n'obujeemu obwa munda. Naddala, abo abaali mu nkiiko z'eggwanga baakitegeera nti okugattibwa okw'amaanyi tekwali kwetaagisa kibiina ekippya kyokka naye era kwalina n'amagezi amatuufu. Pregang yali ngeri yaabwe: okulangirira obutereevu ensonga z'amateeka kwe gaateeka mu nkola.

Nga luvanyuma ku lulimi olwa ssemateeka w'eggwanga ne Declaration of Independence, akakiiko akakola olukalala lwa Sceed [1] akaakolebwa Gouverneur Morris. Morris yawandiikirwa ebigambo ebyakomya olukalala lwa mateeka mu ngeri entegekebwamu, era nga bye byagobererwa. Ekiragiro kino kyatongoza olukalala lw'ebyobufuzi olw'enkyukakyuka mu bigambo ebya bulijjo. Ebigambo "Ffe Abantu" kyali kisinze empanvu olukalala lw'amawanga agagattika obutundutundu, bwegasse obumu ku bufuzi bw'eggwanga.

Ebyafaayo okuva mu kkooti y'Amerika biraga nti Pregery yakolebwako mu ngeri eziwerako. Ebitabo ebyasooka byakozesebwa mu kuwandiika ebigambo ebyakozesebwanga mu kuwandiika "abantu ab'amawanga," naye enkyusa ey'okubiri teyalina kalonda yenna akwata ku bya bulijjo. Fourgy National Tribury[[ eraga nti enkyukakyuka eno yalaga nti abawanguzi baagala okuleetawo ekitundu kimu eky'eggwanga. Bwe kityo, Pregageing yaba eyo eyo eyasooka okwogerwa mu mateeka ga Amerika okulaga nti obuyinza bw'eggwanga bwali buvudde ku bantu baayo so si ku bitundu byalyo.

Enjigiriza Entuufu: Enzikiriza z’Abantu n’Obulungi

Endowooza za Lockea ne Republican

Empandiika y'essuula Pregey ku biruubirirwa eby'ekibiina kyonna eky'eby'obufuzi bw'ekika kino, eraga endowooza z'obufirosoofo bw'eby'obufuzi obw'ekika kya Lensel, naddala enfumo za John Locke ne ebiwandiiko bya publigation of Montesquie. Locke yawa obukakafu nti gavumenti enkkirizibwa y'entongole ekkirizibwa okufugibwa era eriwo okukuuma eddembe ly'omu butonde nga lirina entegeka ez'obulamu, eddembe, eddembe, n'ebintu. Ebiruubirirwa bino bikwatagana n'obulombolombo bw'omugasooobuntu obwa bulijjo obwakkakkaati nga bussizza essira ku bulungi bw'abantu era nga bagezaako "okutuukiriza emikisa gya Liberty. Kyokka, ab'ensonga ez'obwenkanya, obutebenke, obutuufu, n'obutebenkenkenke. Ebigendererwa bino bikwatagana n'obulombolombo obw'obuwamu obw'obuwamu.[8]

Ennyanjula y’Endagaano Enkadde

Mu nkyukakyuka ezikolebwa mu bantu, essomero litandika endagaano eyo nga litandika n'enkola y'eby'obufuzi, era nga liraga ekigendererwa abantu kwe bakkiriza okufugibwa. Kusobozesa abantu okubeera n'empisa ennungi n'eby'obufuzi ebibafuula ab'enjawulo. Abatuuze abateeka ebigendererwa bino mu mikutu gyabwe, obwenkanya, emirembe, obutebenkevu, eddembe, eddembe /ukuliyamba omuntu okuba mu kibiina ky'eby'obufuzi ekirina endowooza ez'enjawulo. Kino kye kiwandiikibwa ky'ekifo kino: Pregetget kino kiwandikiro ekikwataganya ebigendererwa bya gavumenti.

Endowooza ey'okuyita [[NT:0]e pluribus unnum [kunyingi, 1]] era n'eyo ey'enjawulo eri mu kuyita "komyawo olukalala olw'enkola olukalala. Mu kukubiriza kino okutuuka ku buwanguzi, Pregget ekubiriza abantu okwetunuulira ng'abamu ku bantu ab'ebika eby'enjawulo naye nga bali bumu. Abakugu bannabyabufuzi nga Jürgen Habbermas baawakanya nti amateeka aga amateeka agafuga obwa tteeka mu kifo ky'okugoberera akabonero ak'eggwanga oba akafuga obuwandikiro.

Ebigambo Ebiyamba mu Kutegeera Ekyo Kye Bikiikirira

Okunoonyereza ku nsonga ezo mu bujjuvu kulaga engeri ebigambo ebyo gye bikozesebwamu okulaga nti omuntu asinziira ku Pregery afuuka ky’ani.

“ Ffe Abantu

Ekiragiro kino kye kisinga okumanyisa abantu nti be bannaakyemalira. Nga bagamba nti "Abantu" be bannassaayansi abayitibwa "ordain ne bateekawo" Amateeka, bazimba obutuuze ng'obuyinza obusinga obufuga mu by'obufuzi. Kino kitegeeza nti obutuuze obwa bulijjo: buleetera abantu okuwulira obwa nnannyini n'obuvunaanyizibwa. Abatuuze si baaweefube obusinga obungi mu mateeka; era si be baawandika baago. Ekiragiro kyawandiikiddwako kkooti enkulu mu nsonga ezikwata ku bufuzi obwa bulijjo, nga [[FLT:].[5] Georgia. v[FL:] [12] [17] [17:]] era ne [[FLT:]

Ekiruubirirwa kino kikkiriza nti okugattibwa kw'ekibiina kya Confederation tekwali kutuukiridde era nti kyetaagisa okweyongerawo okukola enkyukakyuka. Ekigambo "ogw'okufuga okutwalira awamu" kitegeeza nti omuntu okuba omutuukirivu si gy'agenda. Omuntu bw'aba yeeyolekedde okuba nti eggwanga lye lirina omulimu ogw'okugukola, nga buli kiseera kimwetaagisa okwogerezeganya. Kiyamba abantu okutegeera nti okutereeza obwesigwa bwabwe. Ekiragiro kikozesebwa mu mpaka ezikwataganya ezikwata ku gavumenti, eddembe ly'abantu, n'obumu mu ggwanga, ne kinyweza endowooza egamba nti eky'obwengulagenyi bukulu era nti obutuufu bwa maanyi.

"Ettabish Tsungaz'obwenkanya"

Obutuukirivu ye ndowooza esinziirwako ekwatagana n'amateeka era n'emitindo gy'empisa. Okutandikawo okusala omusango mu ngeri y'ensonga esooka. Ekiragiro kino kiraga nti obwenkanya obwa nnamaddala kye kintu ekikulu. eri abatuuze, "Obwenkanya obwateekebwawo kitegeeza nti amateeka gandibadde ga bwenkanya, tegasosola, era nga gaangu okukituukako. Ekiragiro kino kiyamba abantu okumanya amateeka agabatwala nga ga muwendo era nga gatwala enkola y'amateeka era nga gatwala enkola y'okufuga enneyisa ey'obusobo. Okulwanirira emitindo gy'amateeka mu byafaayo okulwanirira abantu ab'enjawukana mu langi n'abasajja kye kikoze ku lulimi luno; Martin Luther King Jr. Kino kitegeeza okuyita obwenkanya mu "Leter okuva mu Birming Jail". Ekiragiro kijjukiza abatuuze b'ensonga nti amateeka tegattiddewo bugo.

"Insola okutakola mu maka"

Emirembe gy'amaka kye kisonga ku mirembe n'entegeka. Mu nnyiriri eziriraanye ebya 1780, kino kitegeeza okuziyiza obukyayi ng'obw'okujeema n'okugonjoola obutakkaanya wakati w'amawanga. Kino kiraga obukulu bw'okukaabya emirembe n'okutabagana mu bantu. Abatuuze bakubirizibwa okwenyigira mu kwogera eri abantu era ne beewala ettemu ng'enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi. Ebigambo ebyo era biraga nti gavumenti erina omulimu ogw'okukuuma emirembe, mu biseera bino ekikkirizo eky'enkaago mu kugambo n'obutebenkenkevu, n'obutebenkevu.

"Kitegekebwa okulaba nti enkumbo ez'oku nukuta ezitera okukuumibwa"

Ebigambo bino bissa essira ku bukuumi obukolebwa abantu bonna okutwalira awamu era n'okuwagira obuvunaanyizibwa obukolebwamu eggwanga. Biyamba omuntu okuba omwetegefu okuweereza nga amagye, okusasula emisolo, oba okuwagira enkola y'okwerwanako. Okukozesebwa kwa "bannabyabufuzi" kunyweza ekitegeeza nti okwerwanako kintu kirungi eri abantu bonna so si kye baagaliza kinnoomu. Kino kye kisinze okumanyibwa mu biseera eby'entalo era kiwaanziddwa mu kuwakanawaanyisiddwa ku buyinza bwa gavumenti okuleetawo n'okufuga emirembe.

"Kwatawo olukusa olwa bulijjo"

Ebigambo ebitegeeza obuwagizi mu mbeera z'abantu byonna byannyonnyolwa mu ngeri engazina, naye nga biteekebwa mu mpagi z'obutundu nti gavumenti eriwo okulongoosa obulamu bw'abantu bonna. Okumanya abantu bonna, ebigambo bino bikubiriza obukulembevu n'obuwagizi. Bitegeeza nti, okubeera obulungi ku buli muntu kikwataganyizibwa n'obulungi bw'abantu. Kino kikozeseddwa okulaga nti enteekateeka ez'obulungi mu mbeera y'abantu, ez'eby'obulamu, n'eby'eby'eby'enfuna. Abantu abagitwala ng'ensonga eyo mu kifo kyayo bayinza okuwagira enkola eziganyula abantu bonna, wadde nga bavunaanyizibwa ssente zaabwe.

“ Twekeberenga Emikisa Egiva mu Ddembe ne Kye Tusalawo ”

Olugambo luno olusembayo lugattiddwa ku tteeka erikwata ku mulembe ogujja mu maaso. Ekigambo "Mikisa" kirina okutwalibwa ng'ekirabo eky'okukuumibwa, so si eddembe ery'okubunya. "Kuba n'obwetwaze" kweyongera ku kyenkanankana n'abantu b'omulembe guno gwe baliwo, nga kino kireetawo obuvunaanyizibwa obw'enjawulo. Ekiragiro kino kyogerwako mu mateeka ageetaaza enkula y'obutonde, okukuba obukulembedde obukyamu, n'okunnyonnyola amateeka ku ddembe erifuga. Kitumbula akabonero akalaga nti abatuuze b'ebifo eby'obusika.

Ennyanjula mu Kuyigiriza okw’Omubi

Ebiwandiiko by’Olulimi Oluyitibwa Say Plains

Obuyigirize bw'ekibigi butandikira ku Preggey. Okukwata n'okwekenneenya bye bisinga okukolebwa ku ntandikwa n'okubiri okuva ku ssomero olw'okuba empandika eno etegeeza okufulumya emisingi gya mateeka emizibu okugwa mu lulimi olulabika. Literary of Congress ewa abayivu abakubiriza abayizi okujjulula ennyanjula mu bigambo byabwe, ekibayamba okukwatagana n'okutegeera. Enkola eno ey'ekitongole eyamba abaana okwetunuulira nga "Tweewandikiro", ekitegeeza abantu okuva ku buto.

Okuba Omutuuze ow’Eby’Omwoyo n’Okuyiga Obuweereza

Ng'oggyeko okujjuzaamu ennyimba, abasomesa bakozesa ennyanjula okukubiriza obutuuze obw'enkalakkalira. Okuyiga emirimu, enkuŋŋaana ennene ez'obuweereza, era n'ebibuuzo ebikwata ku makulu g'ebiwandiiko "general Welfare" bikubiriza abayizi okussa mu nkola emitindo gya Pregagery mu nsonga ez'ensi entuufu. Okunoonyereza mu bya sayansi mu by'obufuzi kiraga nti abayizi abasoma eb'essomero era ne beenyigira mu mirimu emirala, baba balaga nti amaanyi g'eby'ebyobufuzi n'okwegatta abantu. Bwe kityo, empagibwa ya Pregiing ekola ng'empuliziganya wakati w'emisingi n'ebirimba obuteebirimu, era n'eyongera ku ndowooza egamba nti demokramenti ekwetaagisa okumanya obutuufu n'abantu aba bulijjo.

Obuzibu mu Kuyigiriza okw’Omu Kiseera Kino

Wadde nga kiri kityo, empalana ezibaawo wakati w'obuyigirize n'obuyigirize tezirina butayosa kuleetawo butaka. Empaka ezikwata ku makulu ga "obwenkanya" ne "general Welfare" ziyinza okufuuka endowooza ezitategeerekeka. Abasomesa abamu beeraliikirira nti okuyigiriza nti Pregenagery teriiko ludda lwa musingi gukusigiddwamu kiyinza okukweka ku butali bwenkanya obw'omu byafaayo, gamba ng'obuddu n'okubalira awatali bannyini bannannyini mu ntegeka okuva ku "Abantu" ku ntandikwa. Kino kyeyamalembe gano bangi bakyogerako nga bakubaganya ebirowoozo ku ngeri eyolekamu obutali butuukirivu. Kino kiyinza okuleetera abayizi okukitwala nti bennyini bakyusizza enzijirimu, nga bakola ebisuubizo by'obwengulaamu.

Okunnyonnyola Amateeka n’Okutandika

Wadde nga ennyanjula tewa buyinza butereevu, kkooti z'ensi emirundi mingi zoogedde ku bigendererwa bya 'FLT'.' mu Hody Building & Loan Ass’n v. Blaissell[, kkooti enkulu yajuliza ekiwandiiko ekikakasa nti okusobola okuwanirira ekizimbe mu nsalogo mu kiseera ky'obwalwoosi.[FLT], nga zirondeka nti ekizibu kyali kyetaagisa okuwanulira ddala "promot [okugobation] Western Coopenty" ne "insur[1]. Mu ngeri y'emu, Kkooti n'oti n'oka yamanyisaamu okuwanirira ek'amabanja mu [FLD] United States.[FFF][F] [F] [3] [193], Sulson Leachmantments'ejains dutoodyments" yagamba nti: ge gamu n'ensonga ez'amawanga agamu n'omu n'omu n'omu n'

Enkola zino ez'enjawulo ziraga nti ebigambo ebyo bwe biweebwa ekirango eky'ebiruubirirwa eby'oku makubo amatuufu, abalamuzi n'abatuuze bye basobola okukozesa okukebera oba nga bituukana n'emitindo gy'amateeka oba n'emitindo egya bulijjo.

Okuddamu Okubatizibwa: Okusigaza Obumu n’Okukolera Awamu

Mu kiseera eky'enjawukana ez'amaanyi mu by'obufuzi, eb'enkola eyo eyoleka ekikwatagana. Ebigendererwa byayo, obwenkanya, obukkakkamu, obutebenkevu, embeera ennungi, eddembe("eggulo erimala okutuukana n'ennyinnyonnyola ez'enjawulo naye nga zisobola okuwa obukakafu obw'enjawulo. Ebibiina bya Civic, okuva ku Ekitongole kya National and Community Services mu bibiina ebikola enzijjuvu enzijjuvu. Emirundi mingi, bikubiriza Pregit'okutongoza okuteeka mu mpandika z'emirimu gyabyo.

Kyokka, okugatta kwa Pregear kuyinza okuleetawo obukuubagano. Buli bubinja obukola ekika ky'obukujjukanya bugamba nti buwagizi obwa nnamaddala obwa "obwenkanya" oba "liberty" obuviirako obwenkanya okwegatta mu kifo eky'okuba obumu. Omuntu okusobola okubeera nnaabwo tekimwetaagisa kuddamu buyitiriza ku ebyo bye yatandikawo naye era kireetebwawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku makulu gaabyo. Abakujjukujju n'ebyobufuzi, nga Amy Gutmann ne Dennis Thomp, bwe bagamba nti, abatuuze mu ggwanga bwe babaako olukalala ku by'olekawo kugoberera emitindo gya Crecuringle nga bwe gitakkirizibwa. Mu ndowooza eno, abafuzi abamu bawanjula empala enfumodewo eya demokula, so si gye baddikyusiza mu ku ku ku kunnyonnyola.

Endowooza z’Abalala ku Nsi: Empaka Ze Balemereddwa Okugigeraageranya

Emirimu egitali gimu egya Pregearget mu kukola emitindo gya Buyindi giyinza okunnyonnyolwa nga gigeraageranyizibwa ku nsalo z'amawanga amalala. Ekiragiro kino kiwandika ebigambo abantu bangi bye balowooza nti bye bikola. Ng'ekyokulabirako, empandika ya Pregegedgeet ku Mateeka ga Buyindi etandika nga "Ffe Abantu b'e Buyindi" era n'ebiruubirirwa eby'obwenkanya, eddembe, n'obusosoze, n'obumu n'obusosoze, nga biggumiza olukalala lw'ensonga ez'ensonga, era n'enkolagana. Ekiragiro kya South Africa kikakasa nti obwenkanya bubadde bukola enjawukana, ekikozesebwa okuzimba ekitiibwa ekipya oluvannyuma lw'okusosola abantu.

Okugeraageranya kuno kulaga nti ennyanjula tezikoma ku kugoberera mateeka naye zikwata ku kuzimba ebizingirwa mu mateeka, wabula ziyamba okunnyonnyola ensibuko n'ekigendererwa abatuuze kye basobola okubeera nakyo mu nsi.

fundikira

Okutandika kw'amateeka g'ensi mu mateeka ga Amerika k'empandiika enkadde ennyo ey'okumanya abantu. Ebigambo byayo bikutte ku ngeri Amerika gye bategeeramu enkolagana yaabwe ne gavumenti era ne bannaabwe. Nga bitegeeza nti ebiruubirirwa byabwe byonna biri bumu, gamba ng'okukkakkakkanya, okukkakkana, obutebenkevu, n'eddembe.[1] Ebigambo ebyo biwa abantu obulagirizi mu mpisa ne mu bibiina. Bikukwata ku bantu okuva mu bibiina ne ku bbukiiko z'amateeka, okuva ku mikolo egya bulijjo okutuuka ku butakkaanya bwa mateeka. Mu bantu abaawukaanya era n'obukaawukaawuka, Ente ezibalukawo zisigala nga kye zisobola okuyamba abantu okumanya nti, wadde nga tulina enjawukana, tuli ba muwendo nnyo era tuli bannabwo.