Okutandika

Ekimu ku bintu ebikulu ebisobola okukuuma abantu bafune eddembe mu Lufulube lw'eddembe lya United States. Ganywezebwa mu 1791, gayamba abatuuze obutasendebwasa oba obutakwatibwa kabuguwa. Wadde ng'empandiika yaago yeeyoleka bulungi, okutereezebwa kw'ebyasa ebikumi n'ebikumi by'emyaka, okutaputa, n'okumanyibwa obulungi eby'obuyigirize obwa tekinologiya. Okutegeera Omuteesiteesi ogw'okutaano si kye kintu ekikulu mu buli munnannyini atwala nga wa muwendo. Ekitundu kino kiraga obufunze ku nsibuko y'ebyafaayo bw'ekyasatuuyi, enjigiriza ez'enkyukakyuka mu kkooti enkulu ez'enkola, n'enkola y'obuyigirize n'obutongole.

Ensibuko y’Omulembe Omulongoofu ogw’Okuna

Empisa z’Abamasaza n’Abangereza

Mu mateeka ga Bungereza, abakungu ba gavumenti za Bungereza bakkirizibwa okusemba amayumba, ebizimbe, n'abantu awatali nsonga. Abaserikale bakkirizibwanga okunoonyereza mu mayumba, okubunyisa ebintu, okunyaga buli kintu kyonna, n'okukwata omuntu yenna eyeesigamya obusosoze. Ensobi ezo zaali zimanyiddwa nnyo olw'obuyambi obwali tebuvuddewo era nga busobola okutwalibwa eri abalala. Abakugunganga baasaasaasa James Otis, baawakanyanga ebigambo ebyo, ne babayita “ekyuma ekikyasiina eky'amaanyi ennyo." obukambwe lwaleetera okuwakanya okukyuka okw'amaanyi mu Amerika era n'okusinziira ku ku ku ku ku ku kusalawo kwa gavumenti.

Okukyusa Ebintu era n’Okubikozesa mu Ngeri Embi

Abakola ku ddembe bwe baagunjawo Bill of Rights, James Madison yawa ekiragiro eky'okutereeza ekinaafuuka omusingi ogw'okuna ogw'okugonjoolwa. Olulimi olwo lwalaga nti omuntu yalina okwesalirawo eky'okukuuma amateeka n'okukuuma amaka ge, n'ebintu bye. Etteeka eryandimusobozesezza okulwanirira eddembe ly'obuntu n'okutandika n'okunnyonnyola ekifo ekyo lyali lya kyewa. Gavumenti yatongoza gavumenti mu 1791.

Okukuuma Olugero n’Enjigiriza ez’Eby’Ekyamateeka

Ekintu Ekitwetaagisa Okulwana Olutalo n’Ekiyinza Okutuyamba Okugumira Ebizibu

Olukalala lwa Claus ne Careade lugaana “okunoonyereza oba okukankana.” Awarrant Claus agamba nti tewali bukakafu busobola kuwa bujulizi okuggyako nga businziira ku nsonga, nga buwagizi, era nga n'okunnyonnyola ekifo n'abantu oba ebintu eby'okukwatibwa. Ekiyinza okubaawo singa omukuumi w'amateeka aba n'ensonga ezakasatu, omuntu aba yeeteerezza obujulizi obumala okusobola okukikkiriza nti obumenyi bw'amateeka buteekeddwawo oba nti obumenyi bw'amateeka buteekeddwawo oba nti obwewagguzi tebuyinza kulabika. Kino kye kigwana okuba nga kiwagizi ekya waggulu ennyo naye nga tekibuusabuusa bukakafu businga obuteekwa. Ekiragiro kikakasa nti omumenyi w'amateeka, so si mukungu mu nsi, kisobozesa omuntu okumalirira mu nsonga eyo okuba nti obutuufu.

Tulindirira Kye Tuli Naye

Mu myaka nga kkumi, enteekateeka eno ey'okuna ey'okukyusa ekwataganyizibwa n'etteeka ly'eby'obugagga. Kkooti enkulu yasalawo mu Katz v'a '. United States (1967,) kye baatwala ng'ekyamakulu. Katz, kkooti yasalawo nti gavumenti eteeka ekitebe kya kompyuta ku sistemu ya gavumenti mu kifo eky'okuseenyitooooya, kubanga omwogezi yali asuubira nti tewali muntu yenna asobola kubaako ky'amubuulira, wadde ng'olusenyi lwomutwe gwayo gwakkirizibwa eri abantu bonna. John Marshall Harlan’s'ance kirencessss'okugezesa okw'ekitundu bibiri: (1) omuntu ateekwa okuba ng'asuubibwa, era (2) ateekwa okukeberebwa mukolo omu ku ekyo okunoonyereza okw'ensonga ey'omutina. Enseromenti eyo etegekeddwa mu n'ego.

Baawulwa ku Kseera Eriva mu Nsi

Ekiseera bwe kizze kiyitawo, kkooti enkulu ekkiriza enjawulo eziwera ezizirimu.

  • [[NKUMBO]] Ekirala okubuuza: Singa omuntu akkiriza kyeyagalire okunoonyereza, tewali nsonga n'emu eyinza okwetaagisa.
  • [[AK'AWULA] Endowooza Ekyamu:[[Akabonero:1] Abakungu ba buyinza okuwa obujulizi mu ngeri eyeeyoleka obulungi bwe kiba nga kyewalibwa mu mateeka.
  • [[Akabonero:0] Abakungu bayinza okusemba omuntu aba akwatiddwa oba ekitundu kye bayinza okuteekako obukakafu obulaga nti tewaliiwo bujulizi bulaga nti waliwo akabonero kayinja akajja okukoma.[[Akabonero:1]
  • Embeera eziriwo obutuufu:[[NKULU] Embeera nga okuluubirira eby'obugagga, okuzikiriza obujulizi oba okussa obulamu mu kabi enzijuvu, kwe kunoonya mu butali butuufu.
  • [[AGUMENTI:0] Ekirala kiyinza okusaasaanyizibwamu mu mmotoka awatali bukakafu bwe kiba nga kiriko obukakafu obulaga nti wazzewo omusango, olw'okuba tewakyaliwo ssuubi lya kugikola era n'obutayagala kubaako kyamaguzi.
  • [[AGUMENTI:0] Okw'okukoma ne Frisk ([[Akawayiro:1]] Terry v. Ohio):[[Akakiiko:3] Abakungu bayinza okuyimirira mu kifo ekimu ne bateekako omuntu ekkomo ku bikolwa eby'abamenyi b'amateeka era ne bakkiriza nti omuntu alina eby'okulwanyisa.
  • [[Akawulu:0] Terefayina eziri ku buwandiike: Bannassaayansi bayinza okunoonyereza ku mmotoka ezifunzidwa okukuuma ebifa ku ttaka era ne baziyiza n'obubbi okuzibba.

Okusinziira ku mateeka ago, abantu balina okulaba nti teboonoona mbeera z’abantu.

Ensobi z’Omusawo Omukulu Ey’Okuna

Emyaka gya Makumi abiri Egisooka: Etteeka Ery’Okusalawo n’Engeri y’Okukwatamu

Kkooti [[NKULULA:0] bw'etateeka kkooti n'evvu. United States[FLT] [1914] yassaawo amateeka agawera okuwawula, agagaana okukozesa obujulizi obukkirizibwa okubufuna mu kkooti z'ensi n'emenyawo. Kkooti yasalawo nti bwe kitandibaddemu ekiragiro kino, olukalala olwo terulina makulu. Kyokka, ekiragiro ekyo tekikola ku kkooti okutuusa .[5][5][5:] Kino kyaleetera ekiragiro okuteekako essira ku nkola ey'okumenya amateeka agafuga ebigenda mu bitundu ebisukka mu kkumi ebisooka mu mwaka gwa 147 Ekkolerwa. Ekkolerwa kino kye kyanyweza obwamasamasa obunene obwalo. Ekitongole ekyo mu nsi ekya Claaya ekifuga enfuga enfuga amateeka. Ekyo kyayongerayongera n'okukibwa.

Ensengeka y'ebiwandikiro: Okuwummula n'okulekako n'okulekako n'okulekako akawayiro akazyiro n'okulekawo ebiddukanya

Mu [[NKULA:0][FLT][FOLT]] .O.[FLT] [1968]], kkooti enkulu yagamba nti poliisi eyinza okuyimirira n'ebaamu omuntu omutiini singa omusirikale yeekengera nti omuntu aliko omumenyi w'amateeka era nti alina ekiwandikiro. Kino “kikoma ne fratki''empandika obwa kyewandikiro. [[FLT:][FLT:][5]][5] Kino kiyinza okukifuula nti omu ku bamenyi b'amateeka yenyinyinyinyinyi obwa bulijjo,[FLT:] (120], Kkookeromenti, okukkiriza obuwamu obw'eyambi obw'ebitundu eby'omumotoka obuteesaamu okusinziira ku nsonga ezibalukawo.[5][4][4][9][9][5]][5]]

Obulwadde Obuva ku Kugikozesa mu Kibiina

[[FLT][FLT]] (67]) ekiragiro kyakyusa olukalala olw'okukyusa olukalala nga kikyusa okuva ku bintu okudda ku bwamaguzi.[[FL:4][FLT]][[FLT]][[FLT]][[FLT]][6][FLT]] [20: [20, Kkooti Kkookeromenti eyasalawo nti GPS ewandikiromenti kikwata ewamu egbookereza egbooya emmotoka n'ewandikiro mu bitundu by'ebitundu eby'ekkumi obunene eby'ekkumi obusatu.][FFF] Kino kikebera mu ngeri nti enkala enkala ento mu ngeri y'envumu ey'ensonga ey'okukeromenti, enkulembeddemu ey'okukero ezinoonyamu ey'enkola ya mu ngeri endala

Omuteende Ogw’Okuna mu Kiseera eky’Okuti

Programu z’Ebigambo bya Gavumenti

Okuva ku bulumbaganyi bwa 11 mu Ssebutemba, gavumenti ya Amerika egaziyizza obusobozi bwayo obw'okulambula. Mu 2001, omulimu gw'omulimu gw'okulondoola amateeka n'okuteekawo enkola za bannasayansi guwadde ab'obuyinza obukulembedde enkola y'okukuŋŋaanya ebikwata ku by'amateeka, nga mw'otwalidde ne empapula z'eby'amampuliziganya, okuyita ku mikutu gy'empuliziganya, n'amagezi ga bannagyo. Ekiragiro kya Foreignverce Surveillance Act (FA) era n'okukolebwa kw'amakobyobyobyobyo ebifuga ebitongole by'eggwanga Surveillance Courtive Court (FIC) byawandiking Studial Court (Frourt) n'okusobozesa obuyinjabi bya cellulera w'amasaaya, ebyakozesebwa mu ngeri y'okukoppa amasazeempulimu, era ne ku ku nkola y'eby'eby'amateeka ebitongole ebimanyibwa mu 2013 ebikwata ku ku ku ku kunoonyereza ekitongole kya ssemateeka mu n'omu n'omu n'eno.

Ebirala Ebikwata ku Masimu ne ku Masimu

N'olw'okubala California] kyeyoleka kaati nti empandika ey'obusimu obw'omu ngalo telinga bintu birala ebiyinza okusaasaanyizibwa okukwatibwa. Kkooti yakiggumiza nti obuwandiisi obwa kompyuta tebusobola kwonoonebwa mu ngeri za mubiri era nti obwa kompyuta tebusobola kusaanyizibwawo nnyo. Abakwasisa amateeka bateekwa okufuna obukwasibwa obw'okukebera ssimu, okuggyako nga wazzewo ekintu eky'amanguko. Kyokka, amateeka tegalina kukozesa byuma ebirala eby'ennamba gamba nga ppapy, broko, oba ebbokisi, era n'ebiwandiiko ebigoberera ebya bulijjo biwandiikibwa mu lukalala olwo nga bikozesebwa ebintu ebikolebwa mu ngeri y'ekitongole ekirongoongo. Teesobozesebwa mu ngeri y'okukebera ebimenyebwa obujulizibwere mu lukalala.

Enjigiriza y'Ekifo n'Eky'Essatu

Enjigiriza ey'okusatu, ereeteddwawo mu ngeri nga Smith v. Maryland[19] ne United States] v. Miller[], yakkiriza nti abantu tebasuubira kufuna bintu bingi ebiteetaagisa mu kyeyagalire, nga bakolagana n'ebitiibwa bya ssimu eby'okusatu, ng'ennamba z'amasimu. Carententer v. United States] Kino kyeguyitibwa mu nzikkiriza enjigiriza eno ku bufunze, ewanjula ebiva mu nzivubu , era n'enkyukakyuka endala mu n'enkyukakyuka mu byafaayo. Enkola eyo eraga nti waliwo obubaka obw'enkyukakyuka mu nzivuunvu. Enkola y'eby'eby'omulembe omulala: [5]

Tekinologiya ow’Ebukiika Ddyo: AB, Iot, Biometers

The Internet of Things (IoT).[1] Akuuma enkola y'okwerinda, abalaguzisa emmotoka nga zigoberera enkola y'obulaguzi, era nga zikwataganya emmotoka, ziwa obukakafu bungi obwa buli muntu. Abapoliisi babadde beebuuza ku ebyo ebibakwata ku makubo ga Amazon, Fitbit, ne n'abakugu mu kunoonyereza ku bamenyi b'amateeka. Enkola y'obukujjukujjukujjukujju okunoonyereza ku nsonga z'obujja bw'obuso, okulagula obusooto obujulizi obw'obumenyi obw'eby'obumenyi obwa bulijjo obukolebwa mu bantu, oba obutunuulizi obutunuulibwa mu biwayinja by'abantu eby'enjawulo.

Okuyigiriza Omuteende ogw’Okuna: Okuyigiriza n’Okuwagira Omusango

Obuyigirize mu Kisenge ky’Eksomero

Abasomesa balina kinene nnyo kye bakola mu kuyamba abayizi okutegeera eddembe lyabwe ery’okugoberera amateeka.

  • [[NKUMBO: 0] Okunoonyereza kukolebwako:[[FOLT:1] Basomi ba bayizi basoma era ne boogera ku bintu ebitali bimu ebiyinza okuleetawo empandika gamba nga [ Mapp[[[[FLL:3]], [] KATZ[[[[FLLT:]]], [[[FLYUM]]] [[FLY:]] [[FLT]]], [[AKYULL]], ne [[FON] Kino kitegeeza olutuufu lw'amakulu, [[FOLLLL]] n'ebitundu eby'amakululako][FOLT:][12]][FOLT][FY]][FYP]]
  • Okugobererwa kwa '[[NT:0] Okukoma ku kunoonya ekiragiro. Abayizi bakola nga ba paapa awandiika ebikongo n'ebisinziirwako ebiyinza okusinziirwako. Empandika zino ziyamba okumanyisa ekiragiro ekiba kireetebwawo eky'okunoonya ebiwandikiro. Empandika zino zisobola okulaga obanga ebiba byetaaga kukolebwako.
  • [[Akabonero:0] Kakireetera okuteesa ku tekinologiya oba obwantlola: Okutegeka obutakkaanya ku mitwe nga “Apoliisi yandikkirizibwa okukebera essimu nga tewannabaawo bujulizi?” oba “Gvumenti eteeka essira ku ngeri y'okulagamu obubonero bw'amaaso oba ennyimirira yaffe emenya amateeka?”
  • [[AK'AMUT:0] Ebyetaagibwawo kati bireetebwawo: Abayizi banoonyereko era ne beekenneenye ebikwata ku mikutu gy'amawulire egizingiramu Empeereze ey'okuna, gamba nga kamera, okukebera ebiwandiiko eby'omu nsalo ku nsalo za kompyuta, oba okuwa obujulizi mu kkooti.
  • Ekiragiro kino kiyamba abaana okulaba engeri ensi endala gye zitwalamu obwama n'obukuumi. Kino kiyamba abayizi okulaba engeri eyagattibwa mu ngeri ey'okuna mu nteekateeka y'okuyisaamu ebizingirwamu mu nsi yonna.

Kagattika ku Bigambo Ebigenda mu Kiseera Kino

Abayizi leero bali mu nsi ebaamu okunoonyereza ku nsonga z'abantu, eby'okulabirako ku masomero, ne ku ngeri endala ez'okwerinda. Okuyigiriza ku siteegi enziji z'amasimu kiwa abaana amaanyi okunoonyereza ku buyinza bwa gavumenti ne ku buwagizi obwakayita. Enkaayana ezo ezakayita ku FBI zisobola okuleetera abatuuze ba FBI okumanya ebifa ku ssimu n'obutebenkevu, okukuba empanyi ku nsonga ezikwata ku kwewalaa ku by'obwannannyini mukutu ne ku bukuumi mu bantu bonna, era n'amateeka agafuga engeri y'okumanyisaamu ennyinyonnyonnyonnyonnyola n'okukubaganya ebibandengo eby'oku maaso ne byewandiisaamu.

fundikira

Olukalala lw'ebiwandiiko olukulu olw'okuna mu kyasa eky'okubiri, olukyali lukulu nnyo mu kiseera kino nga bwe lwaweebwa ebbaluwa. N'olwekyo, abantu bajja kusobola okwewala okuseesa obusaze obukalu era n'okubukajjabukira. Okuva ku nkola za bannaakyewa eza bannaakyewa okusobola okugonjoola ebizibu ebiba bizze bibaawo. Okusalawo okutereezebwa kw'ebitundu bya gavumenti, okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu by'amateeka, n'enkola ya kampuni. Okumanya ebyafaayo byazo, enjigiriza zaakulu, n'ensonga ez'ensonga ez'enjawulo birina okumanyibwa buli mu ggwanga. Tekino z'eby'obukulembe eby'obukulembe eby'enjawulo bwe bitandika okukwekenneeta enkalu, n'enkankambi ez'enkala z'enkalakkalira y'obutebe. Abasomesa, n'abakugunjufu mu mateeka, n'abakuguvu mu mateeka balina okubeera nga bategeezebwa era nga bategeezebwa nti, buli mulembero zijja okumanyisibwa mu ku kukuuma ekigo.