Table of Contents
Lekaawo Kye Ki?
Lekalupeyini ngeri ya bufuzi gye kibeeramu nga gavumenti efuga abantu, era obuyinza bukozesebwa abalonde abakiikirira abantu era n'ab'obuyinza abafugibwa ssemateeka. Ekigambo ekyo kiva ku Lulattini era kisibuka ku bukulembeze.[ekitegeeza] “ensonga eri mu bantu bonna” oba“ ettaka erina okufugibwa obwa nnannyini oba obwannaakyewa. Kino kiraga nti gavumenti teri mu buyinza bwa kabaka oba obwa waggulu naye obubwe buli muntu yenna. Mu lukalala lw'amateeka, abakungu bateekwa okuteekawo amateeka agafuga, okusasula n'okukuuma eddembe eriwo.
Leero, amawanga agasukka mu kimu kya kubiri ag'ensi yonna geeyita liparpix, naye amakulu gaaawukana nnyo.
Ebiraga Obukulu bwa Zi Republics
Wadde nga gavumenti z’ensi zijja mu ngeri nnyingi, ziwa endowooza ez’enjawulo ku bufuzi bwa nnaakyemalira, ne ku bufuzi obwa nnannyini.
Obufuzi n’Ebigambo Ebisinziirwako
Mu ggwanga erimu, ab'obuyinza mu by'obufuzi basinziira ku bantu abalondeddwa. Kino kifuula demokulase okuba engeri y'okulondamu abatuuze mu bitundu ebya bulijjo, nga kikontana n'obuyinza obwa demokulase buli nsonga yonna. Gavumenti ey'obwannakyewa ekkiriza abantu okulonda buli nsonga.
Emirimu gy’Amateeka n’Enkomerero
Lipoota zifugibwa ssemateeka(oba ewandiikiddwa).khunzi eryo liteekebwawo oba teriwa mateeka ga nukuta. Tewali mukungu, wadde pulezidenti alondeddwa, ali waggulu ku mateeka. Ekiragiro kya ssemateeka ekissaawo obwawule bw'obufuzi (obuteeyisa, obutongole, era bulimu etteeka erikuuma abantu ba gavumenti obutawangulwa. Ekiragiro kino kiziyiza obufuzi obwa nnamba okugonjoola ebiba bireetebwawo era ne kiteekawo enkola eziyinza okuleetawo enfumo.
Obukuumi mu Butundu Obutono Emitindo gy’Empisa
Omusingi omukulu ogw'eggwanga eryo kwe kuba nti etteeka ekkulu erikwata ku bantu abatono n'abantu abatono lirina okukuumibwa nga terigobererwa. Obufuzi bungi bwe butyo, busobola okukyusibwa ne bufuuka “obukyayi mu bantu abasinga obungi.”Republics ziwa eddembe ery'okwogera, ery'enkuŋŋaana, ery'eddiini, n'ery'ensonga ezitagobererwa, era nga zikkirizibwa. N'olwekyo, abantu basigala nga bakyagoberera enkola eno ey'okwegatta obutundu n'okuttiŋŋanamu. Obweyamo obwo busobola okukolagana n'okukolagana n'okukolagana n'abalala.
Okwawukanya n’Obuyinza n’Endowooza Ennuŋŋamu
Okuziyiza ettabi lyonna okufuna obuyinza bungi, amatabi agawulamu obuyinza ku matabi agamu. Mu ngeri ey'enjawulo, akakiiko kassaawo amateeka, kannannyini mateeka gago, era abalamuzi bagasabibwa. Buli ttabi lirina obusobozi obw'okukoma oba okukebera amalala.w'ekika, omukulembeze wa gavumenti ayinza okussaawo amateeka, akakiiko akafuzi kayinza okukakasa abalamuzi, era abalamuzi bayinza okugoonya enkola ya bannannyini ku mateeka. Enteekateeka eno ekubiriza enkola ey'okusalawo ensonga mu ngeri egobeetaago.
Ebyafaayo n’Endowooza nti Ebintu Byajjawo Byokka
Endowooza eyo teyava mu nkyusa eyitibwa Ennimi Ennungi; yasimba emirandira egy’edda ennyo.
Buyonaani ne Rooma ey’Edda
Wadde nga Asene yeeyisanga mu ngeri ya demokulase, Rooma (50,85--B27) kye kyasooka okuteekawo obulabirizi obunene obwaddaabirizibwa mu bukiikakkono. Abaruumi baalondanga abakoddomi babiri buli mwaka. Olukiiko olukulu olw'abakungu ba Patricia, era n'enkuŋŋaana ezaateekebwawo mu mateeka. Ekiragiro kya demokulase demokulase wadde nga tewaali kitabo, kyaleetawo embeera nnungi nnyo mu bantu ab'obuyinza n'abafuzi. Okuddirira kwagobererwa mu ntalo z'entalo z'omunda.
Emabegako, mu Buyonaani ekibuga nga Sparta ne Carthage era kyagezesa gavumenti ez'enjawulo nga zikozesa enkola eza demokulase.
Okukyusiza Endowooza y’Abalala
Oluvannyuma lw'okugwa kwa Rooma, obulpulitika bwabula okuva mu Bulaaya okutuusa ng'emyaka gya Masekkati ga Italy ginaatera okuggwaako, ekibuga nga kyazzaawo obwetwaze project. Venice, Florence, Genoa, n'abalala baafuukanga balupati b'amawanga ag'enjawulo, wadde nga baafugibwanga amaka ga oligarchy. Florentine alowooza nti Niccolâvel Machiavelli, mu [FLL:] weyatule, Dioschess ku Livy, baakenneekenneenya ebitongole by'ekiyeetwamu, era ne bagamba nti okwenyigira mu bintu ebiganzi, empisa ez'abantu, n'okuyomba obukulembedde, byasobola okuteekawo eddembe. Omulimu gwe gwakyusa ebiva mu mawanga agava mu mawanga amangi.
Emusingi Omutuufu
Mu kyasa 17 ne 18 waaliwo endowooza z’abafirosoofo abaali bagezaako okwekwasa obusongasonga obutakkiriza bufuzi obwa nnaakalyako.
John Locke [1689] [[FOLT]] Kino kitegeeza nti gavumenti ekkirizibwa ekkiriza enfuga okufugibwa era nti abantu bakkirizibwa okubeera n'eddembe ly'obulamu, eddembe, n'ebintu. Singa omufuzi amenya eddembe eryo, abantu bayinza okujeemera ekiragiro.
Baron de Montesquieu [1748] [1748]] Omwoyo gw'Amateeka [, gwalabula nti bwe wataba gavumenti, eddembe liba libuze. Yasiima enteekateeka ya Bungereza (yalaba nga y'entambula) n'ewandiisa ku w'obuyinza, ekitongole ekikola nga construct, era ne ku ku buli kantu.
Jean JACques Rousseau [1762] Yawa okwolesebwa okulala okutali kwa bwenkanya mu Ekitongole ekikola ku mbeera z'abantu nga kigamba nti obufuzi bufuga abantu bonna “gannago.” Wadde nga Rousseau teyassa kitiibwa mu gavumenti y'abakiikirira, endowooza ze ku bikwata ku bufuzi obwa bulijjo zaaleetera Abafalansa okujeemera obufuzi.
Abantu bano abateebereza, awamu n’obumanyirivu obwali mu Dutch Republic ne English Commonwealth, byawa abatandikawo Amerika ne Bufalansa endowooza ez’enjawulo ne batandikawo amateeka agafuga omulembe guno.
Abeegugungo Abamerika ne Bufalansa
Mu kiseera kyaffe, Amerika yassaawo olukalala lw'amateeka mu 1787 oluteeka essira ku kukebera ebitongole bya prezidenti.
Fransa’s First Republic (1792-1804) yalimu akakyawuka akangidde wakati wa demokulase ne demokulase. Wadde kyali kityo, obwegugungo bwa Bufalansa era bwasaasaanyiza ebiruubirirwa ebya ddokalw'eggwanga(liberty, okulingana, okukolagana, okusala oluvanyuma lw'amateeka) era n'etteeka lya Napoleon eryago lyagatta emisingi mingi mu by'amateeka.
Ebika bya Riphabliki
Enkola ezisinga obungi ezikolebwa mu nsi za leero, kwe kusinziira ku nkolagana eriwo wakati wa nnannyini nnyumba ya kakiiko n'erya akakiiko.
Zivvuunula za Prezidenti
Mu nkola ya prezidenti, pulezidenti alondeddwa butereevu akola ng'omutwe gwa gavumenti era ng'omutwe gwa gavumenti, nga ye tafuga mu ntegeka. Ekigambo kya prezidenti kitegekebwa, era ne kampani ya kakiiko akafuzi tesobola kumuggyamu kampasi asinga obukulu. United States y'ekirabo eky'obukulu; mu nsi endala ezimanyiddwa mwe muli Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, ne South Korea. Enteekateeka eno esobozesa abantu okwewandiisa mu butebenkevu ne mu kabi ak'okubbalirira era n'okuteeka obulamu bwabwe mu kabi nga prezidente ne sekampala w'ago bivudde ku bibiina ebiwakanya gavumenti.
Lipartema
Mu lukiiko lw'eggwanga olukulu, omukulembeze wa gavumenti y'akulira gavumenti (mu mikolo egitali gimu), ate nga katikkiro akulira akakiiko akafuga gavumenti avunaanyizibwa mu lukiiko. Minisita ne kakiiko ka kakiiko ka ka kampani bye b'abeerako ka lukiiko era kayinza okuwerebwa. Bugirimaani, Buyindi, Italy, ne Isiraeri ziba nviiri za gavumenti. Enkola eno etuukana bulungi n'ezimba ennyimba, naye eyinza okuviirako gavumenti okukyusakyusa mu n'okulonda omukungu wa gavumenti.
Semilandidelity Republics
Lipoota ezimu zigatta wamu enkola ezo zombi. Bufalansa, Russia, Misiri, ne Taiwan zirina pulezidenti eyalondebwa obutereevu okugabana obuyinza n'omukulembeze wa kampuni.
Federal Republics
Lekawulu y'ensi egabanyizaamu obufuzi bwa gavumenti emu ey'omu masekkati n'ebitundu. Buli ggwanga lirina amateeka gaalyo.
Zikkiriza Obusiraamu
Gavumenti ntono, gamba nga Iran ne Pakistan (byombi ebitongole bya Busiraamu), gateeka amateeka g'Abasiraamu (sharia) mu nkola zaabwe ez'amateeka nga zikuuma ebitongole ebitongoze. Enkola ya Iran nzibu nnyo okusingira ddala, nga omukulembeze w'eddiini omu waggulu (Guardian Jurist) alina obuyinza obw'enkomeredde ku bakungu abafuga, akakiiko akategese, n'obukulembeze bw'eddiini.
Engeri Abatuuze gye Bakolamu mu Republic
Emitwe gy’abantu abagenda okugattibwa mu mateeka giyinza okukkirizibwa mu bwakabaka, naye gavumenti bw’eba terina bbeetu bagikkiriza, kyetaagisa abo abalina obuvunaanyizibwa ku gavumenti yaabwe.
Okulonda n'Okusalawo
Abakola ku kulonda balonda abanaabeera abalabirizi, era ne balabirira ebitongole ebikola ku ntegeka z'eggwanga. Abalonda balonda abanaabeera ku kakiiko akafuzi, abalaga ebigendererwa byabwe, abawagizi, n'abalabirira omulimu. Abalonda abannannyini kampuni balemesezza obukiiko era ne kisobozesa abantu abatono nnyo abali mu gavumenti ezitegese okuba nga bafuga.
Obuyigirize Obw’Omubi n’Okwogera kwa Bonna
Lekawulu tesobola kukola singa abatuuze tebamanyi bitongole byayo n'emisingi. Amasomero, ebyuma, n'ebitongole byonna birina kinene kye bikola mu kuyigiriza engeri gavumenti gy'ekolamu, eddembe abantu lye balina, n'engeri y'okunoonyerezaamu bye beewandisizza. Demokulase() ekitegeeza nti abantu balina okulowooza ku nsonga za gavumenti nga zissibwamu ekitiibwa, endowooza ez'enjawulo. Okweyawulamu obutundu bw'amasimu n'eddoboozi ery'eddoboozi ery'omwanyi kireeta akabenje ku kabi ku nsonga ezo.
Obunnanfuusi, Okutuukiriza Ebikolwa, n’Obuteefuga
Ekiragiro kino kisobozesa abantu okulonda oba okulonda nga bayitira mu bibiina by'abantu abagoberera enkola y'obukulembeze, ebyokulabirako, okutegeeza, era n'okutuukirira ababaka baabyo.''Ebigaano by'abantu, amakanisa, ebitongole ebigaba obuyambi, n'obuyambi obukolebwa wakati w'abantu kinnoomu ne gavumenti. Bikola nga enteekateeka ez'okugatta abantu kinnoomu, okulaba engeri gavumenti gye zikolamu emirimu gyayo, n'obuyambi obusobozesa abakulembeze okuvunaanibwa. Omuntu omukugufu w'eggwanga ye kabonero akalaga nti ensi erimu obulamu obulungi.
Okuweereza mu Jury n’Eby’Okubeera mu Kitundu
Mu nsi nnyingi, kiba kyetaagisa abakungu ba gavumenti okukola ku b'enjuba, okukakasa nti abantu aba bulijjo balina ekifo eky'enkuukuta mu kuddukanya obwenkanya. obukiiko bwa gavumenti, obukiiko bw'amasomero, n'enkuŋŋaana mu mayumba, biwa omukisa ogw'okwenyigira mu mirimu egikolebwa ku nsonga.
Obuzibu Bwe Bayolekagana Nabwo mu Lipaniya ez’Omu Kiseera Kino
Wadde ng’ebitongole bya gavumenti bifuna emiganyulo, birina obuzibu obw’amaanyi obuyinza okuleetera abantu okulekera awo okwesiga ab’obuyinza era n’okumalamu ab’obuyinza amaanyi.
Okuyuza Enkolagana y’Abafuzi n’Okwawula Omuze
Mu nsi nnyingi, enjawukana mu njawukana zikulaakulanye nnyo ne kiba nti okwekkiriranya tekutera kubaawo era n'okuteekawo amateeka mu ngeri ey'enjawulo. Hyperāpital eyinza okuviirako gavumenti okuzimya, okukuba enduulu ez'emisango, n'okukendeera mu bwesige.
Obulyi bw’Enguzi n’Okukwatibwa
Obulyi bw'enguzi okusobola okwefunira amagoba. Obulyi bw'enguzi okusobola okuleetera abantu okukola nga bawa obulyi bw'enguzi. Obulyi bw'enguzi busobola okuzingiramu okusibawo obululu, okufumba obululu, okuganja obwetwaze, oba okusasuza ebitongole ebimenya amateeka. Era, “obukyayi n'obutongole bw'eggwanga okusobola okuwangula obukyayi mu mateeka, n'amateeka agakwata ku by'enkola, bikolebwa ng'okukakasibwako aw'obuyinza obw'enkalakkalira, nga bawandisizza mu kifo eky'okuyingiza abantu mu nnyumba, n'obuddukirimu obutongole obukola ebitongole ebikola ku by'obuwabuzi obwa bulijjo.
Ogufuga Obukulembeze n’Okudda Obudda mu Nddipulo
Mu myaka egyakayita, abantu abamu beeraliikiridde okulonda abakulembeze okuteeka essira ku buyinza mu kifo kya bannaago, mu kkooti, ne mu bitongole.
Enkolagana ey'Edda n’Ey’Eggulu
Emboozi ezikolebwa ku mikutu gy'empuliziganya zisobola okusaasaana mangu mu nsi ezitali zimu ne kiviirako n'abantu okukuba obukuubagano mu nsi ezitali zimu.
Abantu Tebeefiirayo era n’Abalimbibwa
Abatuuze bwe bawulira nti okulonda kwabwe si kikulu oba nti bannabyabufuzi bonna bakyenyigiramu, bayinza okulekera awo okulonda, naddala mu baana abato, ne kinafuya obubaka bwa gavumenti era ne kiviirako enkola y'abantu abakulu n'abagagga okubufuga.
fundikira
Lipandes zikiikirira ekimu ku bintu ebikyasinze okukolebwa okusobola okugatta amateeka n'eddembe. Okuva ku Ssemateeka w'Abaruumi okutuuka ku mateeka ga leero, obulombolombo bw'eggwanga bwajjawo busobole okugonjoola enkyukakyuka endala nga bukuuma emitindo emikulu: obufuzi bw'abantu, obufuzi bw'amateeka, okukuuma eddembe, n'okwawula gavumenti. Kyokka emitindo gino tegyetaaga kufiibwako bulijjo, mpisa ennungi mu bantu, n'okukuuma obukulembeze. Ng'abatuuze b'eggwanga, tulina omukisa n'obuvunaanyizibwa okutegeera enkola yaffe, tugiremu mu nkola yaagyo, era tugilwanirira n'obuteetwalirira ku nkola yaanyi n'obuteekusige. Mu kiseera eky'enkyukakyuka n'okusoomooza eby'ensi yonna, abatuuze b'eddembe mu by'obutebenkenkevu, n'obutebenkenkevu.
Okusobola okwongera okusoma, laba Encyclopedia Britannica gy'okkirizibwamu ku by'okkirizibwa okukola mu ', [[FLT] Encyclopedia of Philosophy on republicationism, ne Economist'ekenneenya ebiteetaagisibwa[