Engeri ey’Enjawulo Japan gy’Etuyambamu mu Kukulaakulana

Enteekateeka za Japan ez'enjawulo ezikwata ku buwagizi, ezimanyiddwa nga Adroukanti Development Ahelp (ODA), zirina akakwate n'enkola yaazo ey'enjawulo oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo II. Obutafaananako abo ab'ebugwanjuba, programu y'obuyambi bw'e Japan ekwataganyizibwa n'ensonga z'ensi zaayo ez'eby'obufuzi, et'eby'enfuna, era n'endowooza ez'enkulembedde ez'ebyobufuzi ezifuze mu ggwanga. Okutegeera engeri ebibiina bya Japan gye byakolamu mu bufunze ne byeyongera okumanyisaamu ekitundu kya Democraticism . Era, ennyinnyonnyola engeri es'eby'obufuzi bw'eggwanga erifuga mu kiseera kitono ekya Democraticism Party (LDP), ebikompwootaafu ya Japan (DDP) n'eby'ebyobufuzi ebyamalmoccuti. Ekitundu kino kinnyonnyola bulungi embeera y'eby'eby'eby'ebyobufuzi eby'omulembelembe

Enjigiriza: Okuva ku Kuzzaawo Enkyukakyuka oluvannyuma lw’Entalo okutuuka ku Bikwata ku by’Eby’Eby’Obugagga

Enteekateeka ya Japan ey'ekitongole kino yatandika mu myaka gya 1950 ng'entalo zigenda mu nsi za Asiya ow'ebuvanjuba. Mu kiseera kino, ekifirosoofo ekyawagizi kyali kigattidwako mu by'enfuna era ne obuyimbi bw'obuyimbi bw'eggwanga] n'obuyambi bwa gavumenti[ obusobozesa okumanyisa ebizingirwamu mu matutumu ne mu bya Japan okufuna obuyambi mu by'ennono, era n'okuzzaawo n'okuzzaawo obwesige. Ekibiina kino kyafuna obuyambi mu ngeri y'okutumbula emirimu gya kampuni ez'omu Japan, naddala mu makolero n'amakolero aganene.

Emyaka gya 1970 we gyatuukira, Japan yali efuuse agaba ebinene, nga yeetongodde mu ttendekero ly'ekika kya ODA mu nsi yonna. K'eggwanga lya LDP lyakozesa obuyambi okuwagira ebigendererwa by'entalo ez'omumu mu Amerika mu Asiya, ng'eyongera mu kiseera kye kimu okutumbula ebigendererwa by'eby'enfuna bya Japan. Ekiragiro kyamanyibwa mu mu ngeri nti:“ Enkola ey'okukuutifu” gye yanditutte amawanga agakkiriza ebizitooso nga gaagala okuzitona, era ne kampuni z'Abajapani gye zandibaasusse, emirundi mingi nga zikwataganya ebiva mu n'eby'obusuubuzi n'emirimu gy'Abajapani. Enkola eno yavugibwa mu nsi nnyingi okutuusa mu 1990.

LDP’s Golden Era of Aid (1955-2009)

Obufuzi bwa LDP nga bunaatera okugonjoka okuva mu 1955 okutuuka mu 2009 bwabukkiriza okugatta obufirosoofo bwabwo obuwa obuyambi okuva mu nsi endala mu mateeka era ne mu nkola z'ekitongole. Ebintu ebikulu mwe biri:

  • [[Act:0] Supertassic Aid yakozesebwa okuzzaamu amaanyi abo abakolagana mu bukiikaddyo bwa Asiya, nga Thailand, Indonesia, ne Philippines, okuziyiza nnakaawuniizi.
  • [[AKM:0] Kino kitegeeza okukolagana mu by'enfuna: Obuminisita bw'e Ekomu, obutunzi n'obuddukiro (MOTI) ne Bu maneja y'ebuvanjuba (MOFO) byakolera wamu okukakasa nti ebizingo by'eggwanga lya Japan ebikolebwamu bbugwe. Ebitongole ebikola ku nkula y'amasannyalaze byayo byabanga byetaaga ebyuma by'Abajapani n'ebiwandiiko eby'obuyinjabirwamu.
  • [[NKULA]] Enkyukakyuka mu buli omu z'alina okuteekawo: Obutafaananako abo abaawaayo ebiva mu Norway, aba LDP beewala okukozesa enkola enfuze ez'enjawulo ezikwata ku ddembe ly'abantu, nga basalawo okussaawo gavumenti ennywevu, era ezifuga enfuga n'enneyisa ya Japan.

Wadde ng’ab'ekibiina kya LDP baagamba nti okugattibwa kwa muganyulo nnyo okusinga okweyawula ku bantu abalala. Ennyimirira y'okufumbiriganwa yagonjoolebwa oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Pulezidenti Thein Sein mu 2011 naye era n'okukwata LDP kwasigala nga kuvumu.

Olupapula lw’amawulire DPJ Interregnum: Ekintu Ekisembayo

Ekika kya Democratic Party ekya Japan bwe kyawangula olutalo mu kulonda okwa 2009 kyayonoona ebyafaayo. Omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1955, LDP yafiirwa obuyinza ku nnyumba entono. DPJ, yakolebwa okuva ku kugattidwa ebibinja ebiwerako ebiwakanya gavumenti, yasuubiza enkola eya waggulu ku y'amawanga era n'okulaga nti wazzewo enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi ne obuttukku bwa gavumenti.]

Mu kiseera kya bannaddiini abayitibwa DPJ Yukio Hatoyama, Naoto Kan, ne Yoshihiko Noda, baaleeta enkyukakyuka eziwerako mu ntegeka ya ODA:

  • [[:0] Akawayiro DPJ kaleetera ekiragiro okuggyawo ekyetaagisa ebizimbe ebya 'ODA' mu Japanen' bye kalina okukozesa, nga kagenderera okwongerako empaka ez'okuvuganya n'okukendeeza ku bbeeyi z'ebbanja.
  • [[Akawayiro:0] Ennamba ey'omu kiti kya bantu: essira lyassibwa ku bulamu, obuyigirize, n'okufuga, okusinziira ku nkola eya BYUMENTI Development Zoom (MDGS).
  • [[NT:0] Kivil ekiwandikiro kyeyama okugatta:[[[NKULA]] Ekiragiro 'DPJ' bwe kiba kitandika okunyumya n'ebibiina (NGOS) ebitali bya gavumenti, ne kibakubiriza okwenyigira mu nkola eya tementi(*)(a) okuva ku kiwandikiro ekya LDP's ekiggaddwawo.

Kyokka, obutyabaga bwa nettude DPJ obw'omu masekkati bwamala ekiseera kitono. Eky'amaanyi kyakolebwa mu Japan mu 2011 era ne ssemb'okuyita Fukushima ne byeyongera okubukyusa byasaanyawo ebirowoozo bya gavumenti era ne ssente. Okugatta ku ekyo, obutamanya bufuzi bwa bannaggwanga kyaviirako okulekera awo okuwandiika obubaka. Ng'ekyokulabirako, wadde nga Aba DPJ baavumirira LDP olw'okuba baali bassa wansi nnyo ku US, gavumenti ya Hatoma egezesa okuddamu okukomya e Futenma mu kifo kyayo, era ne kiyamba amawanga agamu n'obuwagizi bwa US bwe gaawagira.

Omwaka gwa 2012 we gwatuukira, LDP yazza obutuuti mu buyinza bwa Shinzo Abe, era n'ebinnyonyola bingi ebya DPJ'SP'oddationss ne bikomyawo mu nnyimba. Programu ekozesebwa ey'obuyambi yazzibwa ku kkopi ey'amaanyi ku statucratic'sting[[ ne ] obukolagana obw'enjawulo.

Eggye Eppya n’Enjawulo Embi

Enteekateeka y’ebibiina bya Japan yeeyawulamu mu myaka egyakayita, era ng’abantu abawerako bafunye obuyinza bungi mu ggwanga eryo.

Komeito: Ekizimbe eky’Enjawulo n’Omusawo Bent

Komeito, ekitongole ekiri mu ntegeka y'Ababuda eyitibwa Soka Gakkai, kye kikolera awamu ne LDP omumu omuddirira okuva mu 1999. Komeito’s platifomu ekissa essira ku kunyweza emirembe, , displation [ obuwereeze, ne brosssrootsssss processs[[. Okuva mu kukolebwa kw'emirembe, Komeito, kinyusizza obutundu obusingako obugatta obujja mu ku nkola y'obujjanjabi bw'obujjanja, n'okuwagira obudduukizi. Okuyamba Kometo, okusobozesa okuteeka mu kifo eky'emirembe mu Japan mu ku kuganyula banoosokebwa Dese.

Nippon Ishin (Ekibiina eky’omu Japan ekiyamba omuntu okuzzaawo eddembe ly'abalala): Pragmatic and Eczembrient-Focus

Japan Innovation Party (edda Ishin no Kai) kye kibiina ekirala ekiwagidde okuba amanyi ebiteeso era ne] era n'okunoonyereza okutuufu[. Kivumirira kye kitwala ng'okusaasaanya o FIN ng'okusaasaanya ssente, naddala ku mirimu gy'eby'enfuna egibagibwa obunene egibagibwamu obuvuzivumu. Ababalimu baayitibwawoozese okukkereza ek'ebkolerookereza n'okula n'okulabikkula n'okwengera mu kunoonya obugazi. Wadde nga ekibiina ekyo tekibaddena buyinza mu ggwanga, enkufunze mu kukolebwamu ku kiwandiiko ekitongole ekiwanduunyinyisi mu by'ekenneenya JICA.

Ekibinja ky’Abakomunisiti (JCP) n’Abaddaaka mu Kitundu ky’Ekkanisa mu Japan: Amalaala g’Ekitundu Ekilwanyisa

Emikutu egya kkono egisiikuusemu ng'egye JCP giwakanya buli kiseera enkola ya 'ODA' ewagira obuwagizi bwa magye oba obutuufu. Bawagira obuyambi okukozesebwa okuyitira mu bitongole by'ekibiina kya Kibiina eky'Amawanga era ne baleetera Japan okuteekateeka ebitundu ebisaasaanyizibwamu ebitono ebikulaakulanye nga tebirimu mikutu gya nfugansi. Wadde ng'ebibiina bino teby'ensonga ez'enjawulo tebikola ku nkola eya bulijjo, enzijuuni zabyo ziwa w'ewandiika w'endagiriro nti, MoFA ne JICA zeetaaga okuwa emboozi mu bifo ebijulirwamu abantu era ne lipoota, nga zigezaako okuteeka mu ngeri ennyimba ez'enjawulo ezikwata ku bantu abali mu biwandiiko by'omu mateeka.

Okunoonyereza ku Buzibu: Eby’Ekibiina by’Amawanga Gy’Akatoffaali Byakola Bitya Okusalawo ku Buyambi?

Ifrastructurale Pull mu Afirika (LDP-Dominated, 2013-2020)

LDP wansi wa Abe yatandikawo enkola enkulu mu Afirika, Conference of African Development , eyafuuka ekifo eky'obuyambi mu Japan. POLID V (20203) ne 'CTIC' (2020) (2016) zaalaba emiwendo gya buwumbi bwa doola z'ensi, ebifo by'amasande. , n'amasayayaayi n'ebizi ebizisobozesa okukola nga omwandu. Africa yawansi n'eyambisibwa mu bifo ebigagga era n'eyongera ku by'obuyigirize mu nsi yonna. LDP yakozesebwa nga ekiteeso eky'okumanyisa obunene (BRI) nga ekoza obukuuyi n'obukulembedde obulungi. Kometossssssswo ze zaawagira eby'obujja bw'eby'eby'obulamu mu nsi yonna.

Myanmar: Kitundu ky’Egavumenti Embi

Myanmar erimu ekyokulabirako ekirungi ku ngeri gye kikolebwamu mu kiseera nga bagoberera AbaLDP. Mu myaka 202-20211 mu Abe (2021), Japan yawa Myanmar omwatukira Omuntu OWA Special Economic Zone(obuwumbi bwa doola) nga mwe muli ne Tchaina Special Zone). Emirimu gy'abadde gitegekebwa okuyamba Abajapaniya okwongera obuwumbi obunene n'obuyambi obuva mu ggwanga. Kyokka, gavumenti y'ensi yonna yavumirira junta. LDP, kati wansi wa Mwannyinaffe Kisida, yasooka ereebwawo n'eyongera okuyamba abantu, okulaga nti ekibiina kya Buganda tekikyewazeeko buyambi bwonna.

COVID-19 ne Vaccine Diplomacy (LDP-Komeito Coalition, 2020-2022)

Mu kiseera kya kawumpuli, ODA yayisa mu ngeri ey'enjawulo ku bantu. LDP, nga bazzibwamu amaanyi ne Komeito, nga baasabibwa doola obuwumbi obusukka mu buwumbi doola mulamba okusobola okuba n'obulwanyi, nga mw'otwalidde n'enkunkano ezigootaanya n'enfo ez'enjawulo. Kuno kwali kuva ku LDP okwa bulijjo okw'obutebenkevu. Okusala omusango era kwasibuka ku mpaka z'ebyobufuzi mu China, ezaali zikubiriza “obuwandike.." Gavumenti enziko yakitegeera nti okukola ku dduuka kwa Japan ku bantu kusobola okunyweza amaanyi amateefu naye obulaga nti obugunjufu bw'ekibiina ekifuga ekiyinza okuwangula.

Enkola Ezeeyitiridde n’Obulagirizi Obw’Ebiseera eby’Omu Maaso (2020 n’Oludda Olwa Ddo)

Olutalo Oluyitibwa ODA olw’Omu Kisida

Mminisita Femio Kisida eyaddirawo Abe mu 2021, yawa “ Eddembe n'Okwambula Abayingi” (FOIP) kwolesebwa[ ng'ebitundu ebya sistemu ya Japan eyungaganya enkola y'entongole n'obutemesensi. ODA kati erina akakwate n'obutebenkevu. Mu 20222, gavumenti yalangirira ekiwandikiro ekippya [“Development forcessociation tracesstion internation ,[ ekiwandikiro eky'okukulemberwamu okw'omu ne eby'eby'enfuna. MPP zikakasa nti ekitongole ekyo kijja kweyongera mu mpalo kya waggulu, wadde ng'ekibiina kya k'ekiwandikiro kya k'ekiwandikiro.

Engeri Endowooza z’Abalala gye Zikwata ku Bantu n’Ey’Abakungu ba gavumenti

Ekiragiro kino kinoonyereza ku ebyo ebikolebwa mu Japan. Ekiragiro kino kiwa abawa abasolooza emisolo ewaayidwa ennyo. Abawaabiikusi mu Japan, nga mw'otwalidde ne Rewa Shinsengumi ku kkono era ne ku birala ebirala, bawagidde nnyo okufuna obuyambi nga batwala obuyambi ng'obw'okufiirwa ssente. Kyokka, abakungu ba gavumenti baatwala oDP ne Komeito okuba omuteesi mukeko gw'obutunzi mu ggwanga n'ebyenfuna. Okufulumya kwa bannabyabufuzi mu kaweefube okulungamya oDA mu kusobozesa okumanyibwa obulungi n'okutuuka ku ku buwanguzi.

Kisoboka Okufuna Enkyukakyuka mu Biseera eby’Omu Maaso

Singa ekibiina kya DPJ oba eky'ekitongole ekifaanana nga ekyo kiddayo mu buyinza, Japan kiyinza okulaba nga bazzibwawo ekiwagizi okufuna obuyambi era ne babugatta ne Sustainable Development Zoom (SDGs). Omukago ogw'oku kkono bwe guba gukendeezezza obuyambi bw'amagye era ne gwongera ku ssente eziweebwayo okusobola okugula ebizirimu. Ku luuyi olulala, gavumenti .[1] oba ekika kya gavumenti eky'enkalaawuka ennyo ekikwatagana n'okusiikuunika ekiva ku ddyo [[[FLT:] Japarty] Genericture Party[ml][ml][8][1]

Akatundu 9, akalaga etteeka lya Japan akagaana entalo, kaakakasizza edda ennyo ODA obutakozesebwa mu mirimu gy'amagye. Kyokka, okukyusibwa okwakakolebwa mu LDP kwabuutikira ddala omulembe oguli wakati w'enkulaakulana n'obutebenkevu, ne kiviirako abawakanya okuvumirira. Enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi mu biseera eby'omu maaso zijja kukakasa obanga enkola eno ezze ekolebwa ku sipiidi oba ekyuse.

Okwo ku Mafundikira: Emikolo gy’Eby’obufuzi mu Japan

Ekiragiro kino si kiwandiiko kya technocrates ekyakolebwa bannabyabufuzi mu Japan nga bagezaako okugula, okuyingiza endowooza, n'okulonda ebigambo. Ebiwandiiko bya technocratic, bya Japan byayamba nnyo omwawufu w'eby'eby'obufuzi, era byakolebwa nga bannabyabufuzi banoonyereza ku nsonga za gavumenti. Liberal Democratic Party. Okuyita mu nnumeito, okuyita mu nteera yaakyo empala, kyeyisizzaamu OD okuba ekitongole ekiyamba mu by'enfuna ne mu nkuumi so ng'okukuuma ebigendererwa bya Japan nga bikola mu kulaga obuwagizi bwa bantu. DPJP ekiseera kyayoleka nti ekibiina kya Dipyraltic , ekitongole ekitono ekikolera ku buyinza okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu nkola y'enkola y'enkola y'olukalala.

Japan bwe yeeyongera okumeggana n'abantu abakaddiye, okuyomba okugenda kweyongera mu bitundu ne China, era n'ebyo ebivudde mu kawumpuli w'ekibiina OVOVAD-19, programu ye ejja kusigala nga ya mugaso nnyo mu kukulaakulanya bigendererwa. Abayizi n'abatunuulizi ba bya bufuzi mu Japan balina okwegendereza endowooza ki okuva ku bantu bano ze bafuna mu kulonda okunaatera okubaawo. Omuntu yenna bw'ategeera nti kino ky'asaanidde okusobola okwekenneenya ekifo ekya Japan mu nsi yonna.

Okusobola okwongera okusoma ku nkola y'ekitongole kya Japan ekiyitibwa ODA awamu n'eby'obufuzi ebikikwatako, laba omukungu era n'anoonyereza ku nsonga ezikolebwa mu nsi endala , , enku [[FLT] Japan International Cooperation Agency (JAKA])[FLT]] era n'ongera okwekenneenya ebifaananyi ebyo okuva ku Institute of Ecomy, Traccurection and TC (RIET)[FLT].