Okubeera mu bitundu ebyesudde okuva ku 55% leero. Okusinziira ku Kibiina ky'Amawanga Amagatte, abantu nga 68 ku buli kikumi mu nsi basuubirwa okubeera mu bibuga mu 2050, okuva ku 55% leero. Abantu okuva mu byalo ne mu bibuga babeera mu Asiya ne mu Afirika, ebibuga gye bikulaakulanye ennyo mu ngeri esingawo. Ekitundu kino kinoonyereza ku bizibu by'eby'eby'enfuna ne ku ngeri y'okulongoosa obulamu, ebikolebwa mu bibuga ne mu bibuga ne byeyongera ku sipiidi eya waggulu, ne ku sipiidi ya bya gavumenti ne bannannyini ez'ebibuga gye bisobola okusobozesa ebibuga okuzimbira obulungi, okuteekamu amayumba, n'okukuuma obutonde bw'omulembe. Ekitundu kino kinoonyereza ku bizibu n'emiwendo gy'ebitebe by'amaago n'okumanyiira amaggulu mu maggulu g'amaggulu amaggulu amaggulu amaggulu amangi ennyo.

Ebizibu Ebiva mu Kugenda mu Magassedoniya

Okumanyibwa amangu mu kibuga kireetawo obuzibu bungi, era singa tekigobererwa, embeera z'eby'enfuna n'enkola ezikolebwa mu bibuga ziyinza okunafuya obwetaavu bw'eby'enfuna n'okugootaana.

Okuyiga

Ekimu ku ebyo ebisinze okulabika olw'obuzibu obw'enjereere kwe kuba nti ebibuga bikolerwa ebbeeyi ez'ebintu eby'enjawulo. Enguudo ezikolebwa abantu abangi tezisobola kuyingira mmotoka; enkola ez'obudduukirize zizibuwaza okusobola okuzuula ebbeetaanya; emikutu gy'okuyita mu mazzi giyiiramu kazambi y'a kazambi z'akyayirizi ne giyimuka ne giyimuka ne giyitirira mu miggala. Mu nsi nnyingi ezikulaakulaakulaakulanye, omuwendo gw'obubuga guyinza okusukka 3% buli mwaka, nga buli muntu asobola okukubisaamu emirundi ebiri mu myaka 25. Mu mbeera ng'eyo, era n'ebifo ebinene ebiri ku magye obungi eby'ebibuga bizibuwalimu obungi.

Obuzibu obuba ku nguudo buviiriddeko abantu okufiirwa ssente nnyingi nnyo. Mu Jakarta, ekimu ku bibuga ebisinga okuba n'abantu abangi mu nsi, okubeesasulwa kw'ebidduka kugula ssente ezibalirirwamu doola obuwumbi bwa doola z'obuwumbi 5,5 buli mwaka olw'obuzibu obuva ku mize egiva ku mwenge gw'ebiddukanyanyuma, ate nga mu kibuga Lagos, Manila, ne Mexico City, ebibamba ebiva ku n'ebyenfuna nabyo bikendeeddeko ku mbeera y'eby'obulamu, ebiviirako abantu okufa buli mwaka olw'ekizibu.

Ebbula ly’Amayumba n’Okukula kw’Emiryango

Obuzibu obulala obusinga obwo obw'okuba n'amayumba agatenkanika bwe kuba nti abantu b'omu bibuga beeyongera ku kigero ekitabangawo, obukadde n'obukadde bw'abantu beesanga mu kaduukulu oba mu bifo ebirala. Okusinziira ku UN-Habitaati, abantu abasukka mu kawumbi kamu be babeera mu mbeera ng'ezo, era omuwendo ogwo guyinza okuweza obuwumbi 3 mu 2050 singa embeera ezibaddewo kati ziba tezikyasobola kusobozesa bantu kukola mirimu gya njawulo, gamba ng'amazzi amayonjo, ezza obuyonjo, masannyalaze, n'ebisasiro.

Olw'okuba ebifo ebiteeteebwa okubaamu amayumba bitera okubeeramu eby'akabi bingi, gamba ng'obusozi oba ebifo ebiri okumpi ne kkoseroka lya makolero, n'obusobe bw'amakolero, gavumenti zirekebwa ne ziyingira mu bifo ebizibu. Kino kireetawo obuzibu obw'amaanyi ennyo.

Okugobererwa kw’Ennansi

Obubuga bwe bwonoonese nnyo mu ngeri eyoleka obutonde bw'ensi. Ebibuga bwe bigenda byeyongera okugaziwa, ebibanja, ebisenge, n'amakose, byonoona obutonde bw'ebiramu n'ebiramu ebirala ebibeera mu bibuga. Omuwendo gwa waggulu ogw'abantu mu bibuga era kiviirako ebikozesebwa mu by'ensukko: amaanyi, amazzi n'ebintu ebirala okuva ebweru obulala obunene, ne byeyongera ku bbitonde byeyongera.

Mu bibuga bingi eby'omumaanyi, ebikolerwamu omuliro, ebidduka n'amanda, n'amanda ebikolebwa mu kyoto byongera amaanyi gaabyo ne kiviirako okuwangaala.

Obutali Bwenkanya mu Kitundu n’Obulamu

Omuwendo gw'abantu ababeera mu bibuga bwe gutyo, obunene bw'ebibuga busobola okusaasaana mangu. Naye, abantu abangi bafuna aw'okubeera, ettendekero, n'eby'obujjanjabi, kyokka abantu abafiibwako batwalibwa mu bibuga ebisusse oba mu buduukulu obujjudde abantu.

Enteekateeka z'eby'obulamu ezikolebwa mu bibuga ebikulaakulanye mangu nnyo. Endwadde ez'obujjaka zisaasaana mangu mu mbeera ez'obuyonjo. Endwadde ezitakwata ku bantu gamba nga sukaali n'endwadde z'omutima zeyongera olw'abantu abatasula wamu, endya embi, n'obw'empewo embi. Obulwadde bw'obwongo, nga mw'ogwennyamira n'okweraliikirira, era nga byeyongerayongerayongerayongerayongerayongera ku bunene mu bibuga, olw'okweyawula n'okweraliikirira ekisusse.

Akakisa k’Okugenda mu Mabuga Amangi

Wadde nga waliwo okusoomooza kuno okw’amaanyi, okweyongera obungi mu bibuga era kisobozesa abantu okukulaakulana mu ngeri ey’enjawulo.

Okukulaakulana mu by’Eby’Eby’Eby’Obugagga n’Okuzzaawo Obusobozi bw’Okufuna

Amawanga agakola emirimu, gayambako abantu okugula emirimu, okugasaamu, n'okumanyira ddala omulimu gubeetaagisa. Ebifo by'eby'enfuna mu bibuga ne mu bibuga ne kisobozesa obukadde n'obukadde bw'abantu okufuna eby'obugagga, okugattika awamu ebizimbe, okugasaamu emirimu, okuvuganya n'okuvuganya emirimu.

Ebibuga bingi era byeyongera okubaamu enkola ezikolebwa abasuubuzi, abakugu, n'abo abateeka ssente mu ssente mu bifo ebirala gye basinziira okunoonyereza amangu.Silicon Valley, Shenzen, ne Bangalore byonna bivaamu eby'okufuuka ekibuga.

Kituwa Bye Tusobola Okukolera

Okubeera mu magye kisobozesa abantu bangi okufuna obujjanjabi. Amasomero, amalwaliro, banka, n'ebifo eby'enjawulo bingi nnyo era birimu obumanyirivu mu bibuga.

Ng'ekyokulabirako, abaana abafa olw'okuba balwazalwa mangu, basobola okumanyibwa amangu. Abaana bwe batambula mu materekero g'ebitabo, mu myuziyamu, ne mu bifo eby'okulabiramu, ebintu eby'enjawulo ebikolebwa ku bantu b'omu bya bulijjo bisobola okuleetera obuwangwa bw'abaana okulabika obulungi.

Okukulaakulana mu bya Tekinologiya n’Ebibuga eby’Amagezi

Era, okweyongera okumanyibwa mu bibuga, kiviiriddeko enkola ya tekinologiya okutandika okukolebwa mu ngeri ey'ekikungo. Obwetaavu bw'okufuga obulungi ebibuga ebinene, ekiviiriddeko “ekibuga ekiba n'obubonero obwa waggulu obwa waggulu, ebipimo, ebikompola, n'ebintu ebirala, okusobozesa ebidduka okutambula obulungi, okukendeeza ku maanyi g'asasiro, okulongoosa ku ntegeka ya kazambirira, n'okulongoosa ku nkuumisooso. Barcelona, Singapore, ne Tokyo ze zimu ku ngeri ezikyanguyira ebikolebwako okukendeeza ebbongera ku nteeyikeera, n'okukendeeza ssente ezisaanya ssente.

Tekinologiya era eyinza okusobozesa ebibuga okubaamu ennyo. Empandika ezisasulibwa zisobola okuyamba abo abakola emirimu egitali gimu mu by'enfuna ne mu mirimu egya bulijjo. Ekiragiro okukozesa ebyuma ebikola enneyisa ya kompyuta kiyamba abo abateeka ebiwandiiko oba eby'amannya okumanya ebifa ku bibuga we bisangibwa ne byewandikidde. Akawayiro kano kayamba mu kukozesa ebyuma ebikola ennyunzi si kutuukiriza bukongozzi kyokka, wabula n'okumanyisa enkola ya byo.

Ebikemo Ebiyamba Omuntu Okuvvuunuka Okukulaakulana kw’Amabuga

Okusobola okubeera n'obutebenkevu mu bifo eby'omulembe, kyetaagisa okukola enteekateeka ez'enjawulo n'okuyingiza enkola. Enkola zino eziddirira, ezisibuka mu ntegeka z'ebibuga ezitegekebwa obulungi okwetooloola ensi yonna, ziwa obulagirizi obugenda mu maaso.

Okufuna Emiwendo Emingi

Enteekateeka z'eby'obudde tezisaanidde kukolebwako bukoleezebwamu, wabula bikoleezebwamu enkola eya “kaseera ko n'okuddaabiriza. Kino kitwaliramu okukola ennyunzi ezisobola okusobozesa ebbugumu n'embeera z'amataba okukola ebizimbe ebiyinza okusobozesa ebbugumu, era n'okuzza obutoffaali obuba bukola obulungi obuba nga bukola mu mitendera egivaako antikko.

Okugoba amabanja mu bibuga mu nsi ezikyakula tekikyasobola kusobozesa bantu kugula bintu bingi. Okukolagana mu bantu kinnoomu, okukulaakulana kwa banka, n'okusasula ebbeeyi ez'enjawulo (w'omuwendo gw'ensi gyeyongera okuva ku kuteebwa mu ssente ezikozesebwa mu kukekkereza ssente) kisobozesa ebizigizigi okuwanirira ssente. Ng'ekyokulabirako, ekitongole kya World Bank’s City Resilience Program kiyamba ebibuga okusobola okufuna ensimbi ez'ebizigo.

Okuyamba Emirimu egy’Okutambula

Emmotoka n'eby'okutambula bye bimu ku bintu ebizingirwa mu by'enfuna by'ekibuga n'eby'obutonde. Okusobola okwewala okuyonoonebwa kw'empewo n'obusimba, ebibuga biteekwa okukulembeza obutambula bwa bantu, okutambula, n'okuvuga eggaali y'omukka. Sistemu eziddukanya ennyo ebikolebwa mu Curitiba, Brazil, ne Bogotá, Colombia, ziwa enteekateeka ez'ebbeeyi ez'okugula ssente. Okugazisa emmotoka ezikola amasannyalaze, n'okuteeka amabisi ga masannya g'amasannyalaze, n'okuteekawo amakubo agasikibwa ku ggaalimu.

Okukulaakulana okw'amaanyi kwe kukolebwa mu bifo eby'omukitundutundu. Bibuga bikubiriza abatuuze okukozesa ebidduka mu kifo eky'empandika ez'enjawulo, mu kifo eky'emmotoka, n'okuteekamu ebbeeyi y'ebidduka. Era bikendeeza ku bubuga nga bibuuka ne bivaamu enkula y'entambula. Okusinziira ku nkola y'obudde, enzigi n'empoonya y'amafuta gye gava, n'ebbeetaasaasa lya bantu okukozesa n'okuleetawo ssente ezikozesebwa mu kulongoosa mu by'empandika.

Okukuuma Enkula y’Omuti ne Ennimi

Enkula y'ebibuga esobozesa embeera y'obudde okugobererwa mu bibuga.

Era okulondoola ebifo ebibeeramu ebweru w'ebanka. Okukuuma ebibamba eby'omu butonde gamba ng'amasege, ebikosebwa n'eby'okuteeka ettaka okwetooloola ebibuga kiyinza okuziyiza amataba, amazzi okunywa, n'okukuuma enkola y'emmere mu kifo ekyo.

Okukozesa Obulungi Ebitundu by’Amayumba Omuli Ebitundu Ebisingawo

Okusobola okukola ku bwetaavu bw'amayumba, gavumenti ziteekwa okwongera ku bizimbe ebizimbibwa obulungi, nga ziwaayo ssente, era nga zikubiriza abatunzi okuzimba ebikolerwamu ebikolerwako ebikolerwako. Entegeka z'obutuuze obwa gavumenti z'etaaga okulondamu amayumba agataliiko bbeeyi, nga bwe kiri mu bibuga nga San Francisco ne New York.

Ekyokubiri, okulongoosa programu ey'okulongoosa ebibuga ebya bulijjo nga biri mu Rio de Janeiro mu kifo eky'okubyonoonera ddala n'okubitundako. Okuteekawo ensi enkuumi, emirimu egisookerwako, n'ebintu ebirala eby'okugizimba biyamba abatuuze okukeberera amayumba gaabwe. Mu nkomerero, programu y'amayumba amapya nga gye gasse, amayumba amatono ennyo, ne bwegabeeramu, kyongera ku bugazi bw'ebifo eby'enjawulo ebiyinza okufunibwa mu nfuna ssente.

Okukozesa Obukodyo n’Obukugu mu Kuteekateeka Obuguwa

Ekiragiro kino kisobozesa ebitongole ebitegeka ebizimbe eby'omu bibuga okumanyisa ebifa ku nnono n'ebifo byabyo. Ekiragiro kino tekimanyisa nti orgieence comput'ak'ebitundu b'omu bibuga ne ssemateriyo. Ekiragiro kino tekiroboozi okukozesa ebifa ku kumanya ebifa ku nkula y'ebifo, oba ebiwandiiko eby'ebiwandikiro.

Okuteebereza engeri y'okuteeba ebikolebwa ku mitendera era kiyinza okuyamba okusuubira ebizibu ebinaavaamu. Engeri ez'okuyigiriza ez'ekitongole kino ziyinza okutegeeza okweyongera kw'abantu, empandika z'ebiddukanya n'amasannyalaze, ebisobozesa okukola enteekateeka mu kifo eky'okuteeka mu nkola enkola ey'ekika mu nkola egonjooza empimpimpi n'obuzibu. Okuteekateeka obulongo obulongo obutonotono obwa bayingi obwa bayiti n'obubonero obuba busobola okukolebwamu. Wabula, ebibuga biteekwa okukakasa nti tekijjanjabibwamu mu ngeri eya waggulu ennyo, era okusobola okutuuka ku n'okutuuka ku nkyukakyuka kw'awumba z'abantu okwetaaga okugoberezebwa.

fundikira

Omuntu bw'alemererwa okumanyiira okubeera mu kibuga amangu, kiba tekitegeeza nti kya mu butonde, era nti tekirina mutawaana gwonna. Bwe kiremesebwa, kireetawo okubeesaawo kw'obuwumbi bw'abantu, okwonoonebwa kw'obutonde, okunyoonoona okw'obutonde, oba obutabanguko. Bwe kikozesebwa mu ngeri ey'amagezi, kisobozesa obulyi bw'eby'enfuna okusukkuluma, okuleetawo omukisa n'obutebenkevu. Enjawulo eri wakati w'obukulembeze, enteekateeka ez'eby'eby'enkola n'okusuubirira.

Gavumenti z'ebibuga tezisobola kweyimirizaawo busobozi ku mirimu gino. Ekiragiro kya sistemu ezifuga ebibuga ziteekwa okuwanirira ebibuga, okukolagana mu nsi yonna, era abantu mu biwayi by'obudde ne babaako kye basalawo ekikwata ku bulamu bwabwe. Nga zigoberera enkola ezizikwata ku bintu eby'enjawulo nga(z'entambula, entambula ey'omuddoofu, ebifo eby'omuddoozi, n'eby'okuteekako data ku bantu aba bulijjo, ebizibyabubuga ne bisobola okusobozesa ebibuga okugaggawala ennyo. Ebibuga eby'enkyamaddanyuma bigo bye binaakulaakulaakulaakulaakulaakulanyizibwa nga bino.