Mu 1998, Agumenty we Belfast(*) yamanyibwa nga Aguments ey'oku Lwokubiri (yalina enkyuuka mu byafaayo bya Ireland ow'omu Mambuka. Wadde nga ekigendererwa kyayo ekikulu kyali kitebenkevu mu by'obufuzi era nga kye kyakoma ku kumalawo ebikolwa eby'ettemu eby'ekika, abayimbi baazimba ebizimbinja bye baategeera nti kyali kyetaagisa okussaawo emirembe eminywevu mu bantu ab'enkan'enjawulo. Bitundu bitono ebinene ebyateekebwa ku n'okuleetawo enkalala zino ez'emirembe mu kiseera ekiwanvu mu n'eby'enjigiriza. Mu kiseera kya 1998, amasomero mu Northern Ireland gaayoleka obunene emitindo gy'eddiini n'eby'eby'obufuzi. Ekiragiro ekitongole ekitongole kinoonyereza ku ngeri gye garwaniriramu n'enkyukakyuka mu by'enjigiriza, okugatta obuyigirize, n'okugatta obuyigirize, n'obuyigirize. Ebitongole ebirala ebibadde bigamba nti, ebitongole eby'enkola ku n'enkola y'obuyigirize.

Obusozi bw’Enjigiriza Obwali Buli Wamu ng’Ebiseera bya 1998 Tebinnatuuka

Okusobola okutegeera obulungi ekiva mu Kukkiriza okw'Okutaano, kyetaagisa okusiima obusosoze mu masomero ga Northern Ireland mu kiseera ky'Entaka. Okumala amakumi g'emyaka, enkola y'obuyigirize yayawulwanyizibwamu n'enkola ez'ekika kya Kristendomu:

  • [[Akabonero:0] Amasomero agategekebwa:[ Gaayisibwa mu ggwanga okuyitira mu kibiina ky'Escation Authority, amasomero gano gaalimu abayizi bangi Abapolotesitanti. Mu byafaayo gaayitibwanga "Procentiant School".
  • [[Akabonero:0] Amasomero agaali gagobererwa:[[Akatoliki:1] wansi w'enkola z'Ekkanisa, amasomero gano kumpi gaabeeranga kumpi mu Bakatuliki bokka.
  • [[Akatundu:0]] Essomero eritakola ku bubwe:[ Zisomero ntono naye nga zaakolebwa ku musingi gwa gavumenti, nga mw'otwalidde n'akatundu aka biyanja akatono akaatandika okuva mu mwaka gwa 1980.

Kino kyali kitegeeza nti abaana abasinga obungi baakula nga tebalina nkolagana ya ku lusegere na bayizi bannaabwe okuva ku ludda olulala. Ebyo ebyayigirizibwanga byayolekanga n'enjawukana eno. Ebyafaayo, naddala, byali bya bukuubagano bwa maanyi, nga birimu ebintu bye bimu ebyayigirizibwa mu masomero aga njawulo. Ekitongole ky'Enjigiriza mu kiseera ekyo kyafuba okuleetawo emitwe gy'enjigiriza egyavanga mu Pregistration, gamba nga Education for Mutual Understanding (EMU) ne mu Buwandikiro bw'empisa, naye nga tebyabanga na mano ga kutuukiriza nteekateeka za masomero ga njawulo. Enteekateeka eyo teyakolebwanga kuwonya bubinjabi; yali nkola ya kugiteeka mu nkola eyo.

Olulago Olulungi olw’Olwekutaano: Olukalala lw’Etteeka olw’Enkyukakyuka

Actine, eyalina omutwe "Active falfast," tewali kiwandiiko kya buyigirize obwa bulijjo naye gwateekawo emisingi egyandireese okuleetawo enkyukakyuka. Ebizingirwamu mwe muli:

  • [[AGUZI:0] Gavumenti ey'amaanyi:[ Okukolebwa kwa gavumenti ekolamu omukago kyali kitegeeza nti ab'obumu n'abakulembeze abagoberera emitindo gy'eggwanga bavunaanyizibwa ku kitongole ekikola ku by'enjigiriza.
  • [[Act:0] Eddembe ly'abantu n'obungi:[[FULT:1] Agument kyaviirako okutandikawo kaweefube ow'okugaba obutereevu mu Northern Ireland ne Northern Ireland Rights Commission. Kino kyateeka omulimu mu mateeka ku b'obuyinza nga mw'otwalidde n'amasomero, okusobola okukola ku mukisa gwenkanankanankana.
  • [[Act:0]] Era obubonero ku Mutego:[ Omusingi guno gwateeka mu nnukuta ez'enjawulo ezimanyibwa enjawulo eziri mu Bungereza n'ez'e Irish era n'obuwangwa bw'ebyo ebigootaanya enkola ez'enjawulo, ebiggyawo ekiyinza okusobozesa okumanyisa obulungi olulimi lwa Irland ne Ulster-SCivet mu ntegeka ez'eby'enjigiriza.
  • [[Act:0][[Akakiiko k'Abaweereza] kaakolera wamu n'ekibiina kya 'Cross-Border':[[[Akakiiko k'obukiika obwa kkono/ South Southern Office' kaayamba okukolagana obulungi wakati wa Northern Ireland ne Republic of Ireland nga mw'otwalidde ne mu by'enjigiriza.
Okutabagana, okugumiikiriza, n’okwesigaŋŋana, n’obukuumi n’okulaga obutuufu bw’eddembe ly’abantu, kye kigendererwa ekikulu eky’Ekyogerezo.

Ekirangiriro kino kyayamba nnyo abakwasi b’eby’enjigiriza.

Enkyukakyuka mu Bukulembeze: Obutuuze n’Okutabagana

Ekimu ku ebyo ebyasibuka ku kyakulabirako ekikola ku matendekero mu ngeri ey'enjawulo kwe kuddaabiriza enkola y'obuyigirize mu Northern Ireland Curriculum. Essomero eryaliwo mu kutegeera okungi, wadde nga lyali litegese, lyatwalibwanga nga teritegeerekeka bulungi era nga terisobola kuvaamu kalungi konna. Enteekateeka y'eby'obufuzi yasobozesa okuleetawo enkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi.

Okutandika Okuba Omutuuze mu Nsi Yonna n’Okubeera Omutuuze mu Nsi Yonna

Mu 2003, nga kiwedde okujjukanya okw'amaanyi, ekitongole ekikola ku by'enjigiriza kyatandikawo ekitundu eky'omu kifo ekimu n'eky'okubeeramu mu nsi yonna nga kiyigiriza abaana bonna ku kitebenkera 3 (ekikulembedde 11-14). Kino kyava mu nteekateeka ey'emirembe. Ebiyigirizibwa bigendererwa okusobozesa abavubuka okufuna okumanya, obukodyo, n'emitindo gye bagoberera mu ngeri etuukagana n'embeera mu n'enkola ya demokulase. Emitwe gy'emitwe mikulu gizingiramu:

  • Eddembe ly’obuntu n’obuvunaanyizibwa obuzingirwa mu bantu.
  • Ekifo ekikolebwa ebibiina bya gavumenti ne demokulase (nga mw'otwalidde n'Olukuŋŋaana Olukulu olw'omu Northern Ireland lwakolebwa endagaano).
  • Okusosola n’okukolagana mu bantu ab’enjawulo.
  • Okusalawo okw’obukuubagano n’okudda mu ntebe y’emirembe.

Obutafaananako EMU, obutuuze bwalinga mutwe gwago, nga bulina emitindo gye bugoberera, era nga butendekeddwa abasomesa.

Okuyigiriza Ebyafaayo Ebikontana

Era okusemba kw'empandika eyo kwakyusa engeri ebyafaayo gye byayigirizibwamu. Enkola eno era erina eky'okusoomooza kwa maanyi eri abasomesa. Ebigigina bikubiriza abayizi okwekenneenya amakulu ag'enjawulo n'okukulaakulanya obusobozi bw'okulowooza. Enkola eno terina kusaasaanya bintu bimu ebikwata ku byafaayo era n'okutegeera engeri ebyafaayo gye bikolebwamu era gye bitegekebwamu. Programme nga Empuliziganya nga mu kujjukira[ omulimu n'omulimu gwa Nerve Centrea ereetaaaz'ebintu ebisobozesa abayizi okwenyigira mu buzibu obw'enkunkunkunku.

Obuyigirize Obutayagala Kuyigirizibwa: Okuva mu Bisibo ne Kivaamu Gavumenti

Mu 1981, ekibiina ekyo kyatandika okutandikibwawo mu 1981 okutuusa mu 1998 nga 1998 Aguetier.

Enteekateeka ey’Okuwagira Okunyigirizibwa

Okussa essira ku kutabagana kyaleetawo enkyukakyuka enkulu mu by'amateeka. Ekiragiro Education Reformation (Northern Ireland) Olukalala 1989 lwali lutwaliddwako omulimu ku kitongole ekikola "kuzzaamu amaanyi n'okusobozesa omuntu okufuna obuyigirize obwa bulijjo. Ekirango ekirungi ku Lwokubiri kyanyweza obweyamo buno, era amateeka agaddako mu 2006 gaanyweza omulimu. Akakiiko akatabaganya k'Enjigiriza (NAMBALALA) aka Ireland kakola nga akakiiko akategekebwa nga akakwasisa, era ne kassawo akakiiko akayamba ebikolo ebiriwo awamu n'ebibiina by'abazadde nga banoonya ebippya.

Okukula n’Ebikwata ku Kadiini Akataakkiriziddwa

Mu mwaka ogukyayita 2023 oba 24 ogw'obuyigirize, waliwo ebisomero 71 ebigattiddwa mu Northern Ireland, nga bisomesa kumpi 7-% ku ssomero.

  • Ekiragiro ekitegekedwa mu nkola: Amasomero agatendekeddwa gagenderera okusobozesa abaana okulya emmere erimu Abakatuliki, Abapolotesitanti, n'abayizi okuva mu mbeera endala. Bisobozesa abaana okuva mu bitundu eby'enjawulo okubeera n'enkolagana ey'enjawulo, era nga eno y'engeri y'okunoonyereza ku mbeera z'abantu (CCONCE Theory) gye bategeeramu ng'eky'amaanyi okukendeeza ku nsosola ey'obusosoze.
  • [[AKM:0] 'Wultle-School Ethos':[ Okuva mu nfumo z'abaana si kye kintu ekifuula ennamba ez'abaana. Kino kizingiramu ebiyigirizibwa n'eteros ebikolebwa mu kukuzaamu ebintu eby'enjawulo, ebisanga nga biwakana, era ebikubiriza abaana okuba n'obusosoze obw'enjawulo nga tebeetaagisa kuva ku nnamba zaabwe ez'ekika ekya waggulu.
  • Abavumirira enkola za bannabyabufuzi bagamba nti oluusi essomero erigattiddwa liyinza okwewala obutakolagana n'enjawukana ez'amaanyi mu by'obufuzi ne mu by'eddiini mu bitundu ebyagattidwa. Era waliwo okusoomooza mu ngeri ez'enjawulo, nga mwe muli n'etteeka eririwo okusobola okufuna ebitundu nga 10 ku bufunze, ekiyinza okuzibuwalibwa ennyo okumanyibwa ng'ebifo eby'eby'obuwangwa.

Programu y’Enjigiriza Egabiddwamu: Emirimu egitali gimu gikozeseddwa ku ssaawa endala

Wadde ng'obuyigirize obugattiddwa nga bukiikirira okugatta awamu abaana okuva mu mbeera ez'enjawulo, ekibiina ekifaanagana ekimanyiddwa nga Essomero nga ligattiddwa[ kiwandikiddwa nga enkola ey'amaanyi. Kino kisobozesa abaana abali mu masomero agamu okukuŋŋaana awamu okusomera awamu nga tebataddewo n'emirimu egitali gimu, nga tewakyali n'amasomero ga njawulo.

Emirembe n’Essawa mu EU

Enteekateeka y'Enjigiriza ey'ekitongole kya EU esobola okugatta awamu yanywezebwa nnyo kasomero k'ESSIMU ERY IV ne ETERREG, ekyaleetawo essente nnyingi. Endowooza eri nti singa essomero ly'Abakatuliki n'ery'Abapolotesitanti tebyasobola kugattibwa wamu, basobola okukolagana.

[[NKULA] Ekintu ekikozesebwa mu kwawukanya Enjigiriza mu yunivasite ya Queen's Belfast kiyambye nnyo mu kukulaakulanya n'okunoonyereza ku ngeri eno. Okunoonyereza kulaga nti okusomera awamu obuyigirize kisobola okulongoosa ebiva mu masomero, okuleetawo emikwano egiva ku mmeeza za muvanyu era n'okukendeeza obusosoze mu kukolagana wakati w'obufumbo, obusinga obungi ku buyinza okukolebwa mu ngeri y'okukolaganamu n'okugatta awamu amakanisa, mu kifo ky'okugatta amacakula agamu.

Ebisinga Obukulu mu Kakwate n’Okuvumirira

Enteekateeka y'Enjigiriza ey'okuyawulwamu ebadde ensibuko ya nkola mu kitongole etendekebwawo mu by'enjigiriza wansi wa "Togeter: okuzimba Nhlangano gwa Nhlangano. Kyokka, guyimiriziddwa okusoomoozebwa. Abamu bagamba nti gusobola okufuuka engeri ey'okukolagana mu ngeri ey'enjawulo," abaana gye bakuŋŋaanira mu by'amasanyu naye ne badda mu masomero gaabwe olw'obuyigirize obwa waggulu. Waliwo akabi ak'okusomera awamu ne bafuuka "okusiba ekisenge ekigo" ekifuula enkola y'okwerinda mu kifo eky'okusoomooza obusookerwako. Ebbeeyinja obulungi mu kuyigiriza okusobola okubeeramu obulungi.

Olulimi n’Eky’Ekifo Kye Tuli mu Kitongole

Okukkiriziganya kwa Kivume eky'Okutaano okwa nnamaddala okw'ennimi ez'enjawulo kwalina kye kwakola ku nteekateeka ey'okuyigiriza. Ekivumede kyagamba nti:

Omuwendo ogwo gumanyi bulungi obukulu bw'okuwa ab'oluganda ekitiibwa, okutegeera n'okugumiikiriza ebifa ku bantu ab'ennimi ez'enjawulo nga mw'otwalidde n'ennimi ez'omu Northern Ireland, olulimi olw'e Irish n'olulimi oluyitibwa Ulster-Scot.

Obuyigirize bw’Olulimi Oluyirisi

Okumanyibwa kuno kwayamba nnyo mu kukulaakulana kwa by'obufuzi. Mu 1998, waaliwo abaana 2,000 mu IME; leero, nga bawerera ddala 7,000 mu matendekero 40.

Ekirala ne Gaelscolaochta kyatandikibwawo okusobola okutumbula obuyigirize n'okuwagira obuwayirizi bwa Irland. Olukuŋŋaana lwa Northern Ireland, lwateekawo amateeka agaayongera okuwagira olulimi, nga mwe muli ne Applex and Language (Northern Ireland) Akabonero 2022. IME terikyatunuulibwa nga bigambo bya bufuzi byokka naye nga bikkirizibwa mu buyigirize obwa waggulu era nga bwewandiikirwamu ebiva mu nfumo.

Ebizimbe by’Amasomero Ebiyitibwa Ulster-Scotts

Olulimi olukozesebwa mu Ulster-Scots era n'eby'obusika ebyafunibwa mu mateeka ago byateekebwawo okumanyibwa n'okuyambibwa nga bigoberera endagaano eyo. Olukiiko olukulu olw'eggwanga oluyitibwa Ulstèr-Scots lwakolebwa okutumbula olulimi, obuwangwa, n'ebyafaayo. Eby'obugagga bikoleddwa okusobozesa amasomero okuyingiza Ulster-Scots mu bisenge bya yuniverse, naddala mu masomero agasookerwako. Obutafaananako enkola y'esomero agayitibwa IME, egikola nga nkola eya Ulster-Scots egoberera enkola y'ebitundu eby'Olungereza oba eby'ebyafaayo ebisinga okubaamu obuwayinjabi.

Okunoonyereza ku Bikwata ku Buyigirize obwa Waggulu n'Okukwataganya Omusaalaba

Olukiiko lw'abalabirizi b'obuweereza olw'omu bukiika kkono n'olw'obukiika kkono lwassaawo ebifo eby'okukolera awamu nga mw'otwalidde n'eby'obuyigirize. Kino kyasobozesa enzigi z'obuyigirize obumu mu Northern Ireland ne mu Republic of Ireland okukolaganira awamu.

  • Okunoonyereza ku nsonga ezitali zimu: Eractives gamba nga Queen’s University Belfast, Ulster University, Trinity College Dublin, ne University College Dublin bye bimu ku bintu ebikulu ebiweebwa okunoonyereza, naddala mu bifo nga mu kugonjoolera obukuubagano, ku by'obulamu, ne ku maanyi amanywevu.
  • [[Akabonero:0] Okuba nti baayisibwa mu ngeri ey'enjawulo: Ekiragiro endagaano kyasobozesa abayizi okusala ensalo ne batambula. Ekifo eky'okulambulako n'okumanya ebisaanyizo byaleetera abayizi okuva mu Northern Ireland ne mu Republic okwongera ku biseera byabwe eby'okusoma.
  • North Regional Colcation: mu nsalo, ebitongole nga South West Regional College (Derry/Londonderry) bikolera wamu n'ekitongole ekikola ku by'enjigiriza ebya Donegal Education and Training Board and Letterkenny Institute of Technology (kati ekisangibwa mu Atlantic Technological University), ne kikola ekiziganya ebiwandiiko eby'ebifo.

[[NKUMBO]] Ekikongoze ky'enkola ey'okusaze ey'omuyaga kikozeeko kinene mu kuteekawo endabirwamu n'okukakasa obumu bw'enkola eno, nga kiraga engeri enkola ey'emirembe gy'ereeseewo ennyimba ez'empandika ez'eby'eby'enfuna mu nviro.

Ebizibu Ebigenda Biddawo n’Emirembe Egitavaawo

Wadde ng’ekyetongole ekikola ku by’enjigiriza mu Northern Ireland kisobodde okuleetawo enkyukakyuka ez’amaanyi, endowooza z’eby’enjigiriza mu 1998 zigenda zikyuka mpolampola.

Obusosoze mu Nsi

Abayizi abasukka mu 90% bakyagenda mu masomero agatali gamu. Mu bifo omuli enjala ey'amaanyi, nnawookeera ono waaggulu. Okwawula kw'enkola ya sisitemu kitegeeza nti abaana bangi bakyali na nkolagana n'abantu ab'enjawulo mu myaka gyabwe egy'obutobakkiriza. "Essomero emirundi ebiri" bye bigoberera ne bissomero ebisigala nga bikolera mu kibuga kye kimu."

Okulemererwa mu by’Eby’obufuzi n’Enkola y’Ekika ky’Eby’Obusuubuzi

Okugwa kw'Olukuŋŋaana lwa Northern Ireland olw'enfunda ez'enjawulo okuva mu 1998 (nga mw'otwalidde n'okuva mu 2017 okutuuka mu 2020) kuleetedde ebisale by'enkola obutakolebwako, era n'okusalawo okugobererwa. Ekiragiro okugobererwa kw'essomero, okusasula essente, n'okuteekateeka ebifo byazo, biba byangu nnyo. Ng'ekyokulabirako, okukuba empaka ku ebyo ebiba bibaddewo mu byafaayo oba okuyigiriza kw'enkaayanya okw'enkaayanya. emirundi mingi obutabeera na mukulu mu nkola y'obukulembeze, kitegeeza nti enteekateeka y'obuyigirize obumu tezingirwawo.

Okusoomoozebwa kw’Eby’Eby’Obugagga

Enteekateeka eno esobola okusobozesa Abapolotesitanti n'Abakatuliki okukola enkolagana wakati w'obuteefuga n'obuyigirize obwa wansi. Okusalawo wakati w'ekika kya 11 mu kigezo ekiwerebwawo, ne bwe kiba nti tewakyaliwo namba ezikozesebwa mu gavumenti ez'enjawulo. Enkola eno esobozesa enzivuunula y'ekika kya Baprotestanti n'ey'Abakatuliki okukola ku nkolagana wakati w'obuyigirize obwa bulijjo n'obuyigirize obwa wansi. Okugabanaawuka wakati w'olukaalo oluvanyuma n'okugatta amasokerobo, nga kiviiriddeko abaana abato mu bibiina okusobola okuzimba enkola emu era n'okuleetawo enjereere wakati w'obusosoze.

fundikira

Ekiragiro ekikola ku by'obufuzi n'amateeka amatuufu ga gavumenti mu Northern Ireland. Kyasobozesa okuleetawo obutebenkevu mu by'obufuzi n'amateeka okusoomooza enkola ey'okuleetawo enjawukana mu njawukana. Okutandika obutuuze obulina eddembe, okunywezebwa kw'obuyigirize obw'enjawulo, okugatta obuyigirize obw'enjawulo, n'okumanya ennimi ez'enjawulo eziri mu mirembe gya 1998.

Kyokka, okuva ku bintu eby'enjawulo mu biseera eby'emabega okutuuka ku biseera eby'omu maaso eby'enjawulo, tekiragiddwa bulungi. Omuntu bw'aba yeemalirira ng'asoma, kiba kizibu nnyo mu ebyo by'asoma. Ekiragiro kino kireetawo okukalubyana wakati w'okwagala okubeera n'abantu ab'omukwano awamu, era n'obutuutikirizi obw'ebifo eby'enjawulo. Amasomero n'abayigiriza abakolera ku lukalala lw'okutabagana ne kibayamba okuleetawo emirembe mu ngeri y'okutabagana gye gigenda kikolamu. Ekiragiro ekikola ku by'enjigiriza ku Lwlaading'okutaano tekigonjola ku mulimu, naye kyateekawo amateeka agataayamba okugonjoola ensonga ez'enjawulo, ate nga gaateekawo amateeka, era nga gaayamba abantu okuteekawo emirembe egya bulijjo okuleetawo emirembe mu kuzimba emirembe egibalukalaakulaakulaakulaakulaakulaakulaakula, nga mu nkola y'obuyigirize obwakyungibwa. Endagaano eyo terizibwako projective projective, naye n'enkyukakyuka.