Ensibuko y’Okusuubiza Okulungi Okusooka

Endagaano etegekeddwa obulungi ku Lwokubiri mu 10 Apuli 1998 y'emu ku ebyo ebituuka ku bantu ab'enkola mu Bulaaya mu kiseera kino. Yakoma ku myaka asatu egy'entalo ez'amaanyi mu Northern Ireland, era n'etereeza enkolagana wakati wa Ireland ne United Kingdom. Endagaano eyo teyakoma buteeberezebwa naye yali nkyukakyuka ey'amaanyi mu myaka egy'okuteesa, emboozi ez'ekyamaamakulu, n'obuvumu mu by'obufuzi ku nnyiriri zonna. Yayogera ku njawukana ez'amaanyi wakati wa Unists, ayagala Ireland ey'okusigala mu kitundu kya UK, ne Nationalis, abanoonyamu Ireland. Nga batandikawo enkola ey'amaanyi, ennyimba ez'enkola, n'obutebe bw'eby'eby'obufuzi, okukolagana n'obuvumu. Yatandikawo okutabagana okw'emirembe okutawanya okutawa mu mbeera y'obudde, nga n'obuzibuvumu n'obuzibu bwa Brumu n'obuvumu.

Olutalo olwali mu Northern Ireland lwava ku kugabanyizibwamu Ireland mu 1921, ekyaviirako Abaprotestanti abasinga obungi mu bukiikakkono n'eggwanga lya Bakatuliki okusosoomoozebwa mu mayumba, emirimu, n'enkwaso z'okulonda. Obutali bwenkanya obwo bwaviirako okutandikawo kwa ddembe lya bantu mu myaka gya 1960, era okuziyizibwa okuva ku bibinja by'abagoberezi ba Baprotestanti ne ku magye. Embeera yeeyongera okukula ne kivaamu olutalo wakati w'amagye ga Ireland Republican Army (IRA), amagye ga obwesigwa, n'ekirwanyisimu amagye ga Bungereza. Mu 1990, abantu abasukka mu 3,500, baali battiddwa era nga batulumiziddwa ebitundu ebikumi. Obukuubaganyi obwo era bwava ne buva mu masaza g'e Dublin ne mu London, nga Ireland nga buli omuswalalwanyisi mu Ireland ne Ireland gye gavunaanibwamu ebirowo mu Ireland.

Ekkubo eridda mu kutuukiriza ekiwandiiko kino lyatandikibwawo ku bigendererwa bya gavumenti ya Irland mu 1985. Aguethi ya Anglo-Irish yawa gavumenti y'ekirwadde mu nsonga za Northern Ireland, era n'esunguwaza gavumenti z'e Butuuze bwa gavumenti naye ne si si si siteegi ya gavumenti ya Bungereza. Emboozi wakati wa gavumenti ya Bungereza ne IRA, awamu n'emboozi wakati w'ekibiina kya Social Democratic and Labourt Party (SSP) ne Sin Féin, byakolebwa mu kifo eky'okukomya obuvunaanyizibwa. Mu 1994 amagye ga IRA ne geesigwa gaayinjanja yatandikawo enziro ezikwata ku by'obufuzi. Empala y'omu Northern Ireland yamanyibwa mu mwaka gwa 1999 era ne mu mwaka gwa 1999 ne mu kuginaana ne mu ku kugobeesamba obukumi bwa 1999.

Endagaano Eno

Ekiwandiiko ekiyitibwa Good Frive Agreement kye kikwataganya emitindo egikwata ku kwemalirira, okukkiriza, okwenkanankana, n'entegeka z'abantu.

  • [[NKULULA] Ogwomu: Olukuŋŋaana olw'omu mambuka ga Ireland ne wansi ku buyinza – 'O''''''' - Obungi obwawula amaanyi agafuga gwakolebwawo, era entebe nga zifiibwako biviiriddwamu abavandiikini n'eby'eggwanga. Okusalawo okw'ekika kino kukwetaagisa okusigibwawo mu mikutu egitali gimu, nga tewaliiwo n'ebitundu ebifuga.
  • [[AWULA] Ebiri: Olukiiko lw'Abaweereza – Akakiiko kano kagatta abaweereza okuva ku lukuŋŋaana olw'omu Northern Ireland ne gavumenti ya Irlands okukolaganira awamu ku nsonga ezikwata ku buli omu, gamba ng'obulimi, eby'entambula, n'eby'obugenyi. Kakola enteekateeka ez'okukolagana mu nsalo.
  • [[AK:0] Essaawa Esatu: Olukiiko olw'Abangereza-Iriji [ – A forum ya magavumenti ga Bungereza n'e Irilande, awamu n'abakulembeze abava mu bufumbo mu Scotland, Wales, ne Northern Ireland, okwogera ku bizibu. Kino kiraga omwoyo omuggya ogw'okukolagana.
  • [[NKULULA]] Era Ekiragiro bwe kiba kikkiriza abantu mu Northern Ireland okuyita Bungereza, Irland, oba byombi byombi, olukalala lw'amateeka ga Northern Ireland, olusobola okukyuka singa abantu baago bakkiriza.
  • [[AK:0] Eddembe ly'abantu n'obwenkanankana – Ekiwandiiko eky'Eddembe erina eddembe mu Northern Ireland byasembebwa era UK n'eteeka endagaano ekola entongole ekola ku ddembe ly'obuntu mu mateeka g'omu nsi. Ekiragiro kyatandikibwawo endagaano ekola ku ddembe ly'obuntu mu Bulaaya.
  • [[Act:0] Okuggyamu ebyokulwanyisa[[[NT:1] – Amagye gaasalawo okutongoza ddala emikono gyabwe, omulimu ogwalabibwa omulimu ogwa ogwa ogwawulibwa omulimu. Kino kyali kizibu kya maanyi nnyo naye oluvannyuma kyatuuka ku kinyonyoose.
  • [[NT:0] Olukalala olwo ludda mu kifo kya – The Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) Department of Northern Ireland (PSNI), nga kino kiyamba mu kukozesa enkola ey'okumanyisa n'okuzimba ebifa ku Bakatuliki.
  • [[AK:0] Obutebenkevu ku basibe [[[KYUMENTI] – Wansi w'endagaano, abasibe abaali mu magye agaalekera awo omuliro gwavaawo nga bukyali, ekintu ekyali kireeta enkaayana mu kuzimba obwesige.

Era endagaano eyo yassaawo engeri y'okukwatamu ebyo ebyayita, nga mw'otwalidde n'okutandikawo akakiiko akakola ku kifo wa Nsigalira y'abakosebwa n'ekitongole ekiyitibwa Historical Enquies Certives okwejjukanya obutemu obutagobererwa.

Okukyusa enkolagana mu Lwayirisi

Olukalala lwa Briteni lwakyusa enkolagana wakati wa Ireland ne Bungereza okuva ku butategeeragana era n'obukyayi obwa buli omu n'efuuka enkolagana ey'okusseera awamu. Nga 1998 tennabaawo, gavumenti ya Irland yali esabye Ireland okuba mu ggwanga lya Bungereza eryali limu obumu era nga likkiriziganyiziddwa mu mambuka ga Bukiika kkono. Gavumenti ya Bungereza yatwala obusosoze mu ggwanga lya Ireland nga ya maanyi nnyo. Endagaano eyo yakyusa amaanyi gano bwe yaggyawo ensalo. Gavumenti zombi zaayongera okusemba ensawo ensalo. Gavumenti zombi zaayongera okukolagana mu nteekateeka y'emirembe, era ne mu kakiiko k'obukiiko k'aweenzi k'obukungu mu Mambuka wa Bukiikakkono.

Era endagaano eyo yayamba nnyo ekizinga kya Ireland. Okuva mu nkyukakyuka mu nsalo za gavumenti z'Amerika okwava mu bitundu ebikuuma obutebenkevu ku nsalo kyakomyawo amakumi g'emyaka obutakkaanya n'ebizibu ebyava mu bitundu ebiri okumpi ne n'ebukiikaddyo. Obusuubuzi n'obuvanjuba bweyongera nnyo. Eby'enfuna n'eby'obukiikaddyo byakula nga kampuni zikola nga tezisobola kutuuka ku nkyukakyuka mu by'eby'obufuzi ebyakolebwa. Endagaano eyo wakati wa gavumenti za Bungereza ne Ireland zatandika okukolagana bulungi mu nsonga ezikwata ku maanyi okuva ku maanyi ga maanyi gaanyeewaawo, era ne gavumenti z'ensi yonna zaakolera wamu.

Ekipimo ekikulu eky'enkolagana eyo erongoosebwa kwe kuba nti abantu bamala emyaka 100 nga bali wamu. Mu 2014, Koominaala wa Bungereza ow'oku Malaaya ne pulezidenti omukulu baakyalako mu Ireland. Kabaka Elizabeth II yasooka kufuga mu Bungereza era nga yakyalira Palamenti mu myaka 100, ng'alaga nti enkolagana ebaddewo mu bujjuvu. Mu ngeri y'emu, ba pulezidenti ba Ireland baakyalira UK emirundi mingi nga mw'otwalidde ne kookolo eri mu lukiiko lwa Bungereza mu 2022.

Era okukolagana kwaleetera ebitundu ebirala n'obunyoolagano okwetooloola ensi. Kwayogerwako ng'ekyokulabirako eky'enkola ey'emirembe mu Basque Country, South Africa, Sri Lanka, n'ebitundu by'e Buwalabu. Emisingi egikwata ku kukwata amatwale, okusemba, n'okusala emiwanjuba gy'ensalo gyayo gyafuuka kukolera wamu okusobola okumalawo entalo ez'omunda n'obukuubagavu. Wadde nga buli mbeera y'enjawulo, ekyongoye ya Good Wearth Aunivment yalaga nti eyinza okugonjoolwawo okuyitira mu by'obufuzi, mu kugattiŋŋanawo bokka, ne mu ku bikwata ku ddembe ly'abantu.

Okusoomooza n’Ekisiikirize kya Breeti

Wadde nga bibadde bingi nnyo, ekirabo ekiyitibwa Good Frinth Auvent kibadde kisobeddwa nnyo. Ebitongole ebigobeddwa mu Northern Ireland biwambiddwa emirundi mingi olw'obutakkaanya mu by'obufuzi, naddala olw'ensonga y'entalo eziva mu kugonjoolera envumbo, ate oluvannyuma, olw'okuyisa obulungi olulimi lwa Irish n'obusika bw'Ebizibu. Abatuuze b'obukambi bakirabye nti endagaano eyo eganyula nnyo amawanga, so ng'ate abatuuze b'amawanga balaba ebisuubizo ebitali bimu, ng'olulimi lwolukawo oluyitibwa Irish Language Act, terumalirizibwa. Okw'obusungu buno buviiriddeko okutabawo n'olukuŋŋaana lwonna ku Northern Ireland olw'ekiseera.

Kyokka, okusoomooza okulala kwonna okwali ku Kkomera ery'okutaano kwava mu United Kingdom okuleka Endagaano y'emirembe mu 2016. Endagaano eyo yakolebwa ku nsalo wakati w'obukiikakkono bwa Ireland ne Republic of Ireland, ng'ab'omu EU bwe baali ab'ebitundu bya EU. Bret yagamba nti bajja kuzzaawo ensalo ez'amaanyi ezandisobezza emirembe era ne bagootaanya embeera y'eby'eby'enfuna mu Northern Ireland. Endagaano eyo yaviirako Northern Ireland Protocotments, era ne EURLAND eteekamu amateeka agafuga eby'obugwenyunge bw'ebintu ne gatandikawo ennyanja mu Nnyanja ey'e Irilande. Kino kyaleetawo okuziyizibwa okwawukana okuva mu Nnyanja ey'omulembe ey'obukiikakkono, era kyanafuwatyo mu kifo kya Ireland eky'ensi ey'obukiikakkono.

Okugwa kw'omukago ogwo kwali kwa maanyi. Ekika ky'Akattu eky'Abakoddukanisiti mu Februwari 2022, ekyava ku ttendekero ery'amaanyi mu 2023, ekyaviirako olukuŋŋaana okugwa. Okumala emyaka ng'ebiri, mu Northern Ireland tewaaliwo gavumenti eyaddawo. Mu kiseera kitono, UK ne EUUU , byakkiriziganya ku nkola ya Windsoosaawo mu Febwali 2023, ebyalaga nti okulwana okulungi okw'ogattika ne okuwa Northern Ireland olukuŋŋaana olw'enjawulo olusingako olugambo ku mateeka ga EU. Entegeka y'obukiika kkono terina gavumenti z'e pro-avvumba, naye enjjulukuu emirundi mingi gyaddamu amaanyi mu buyinza mu 2024 nga baakalondamu okugabana. Kino kyayoleka nti ku lwayongoonziro, nga ne kubaako ebiwaamootaanyiri mu nsi endala.

Ate era gavumenti ya UK ewagidde obutongole obupya obukola ku ddembe ly'obuntu (2023).

Okugumiikiriza Ebyafa ne Bisuubizo

Wadde nga wabaddewo okusoomooza kuno okw'amaanyi, ekiwandiiko ekiyitibwa Good Friend Aunter kikyakola ng'emirembe n'obumu mu Northern Ireland ne wakati wa Ireland ne United Kingdom. Kisobozesezza omulembe okukula nga tewakyaliwo kabi ka maanyi ka maanyi. Enkyukakyuka mu by'enfuna n'enkola mu Northern Ireland kye kibadde: Belfast, okulambula emirimu gy'obugenyi kyeyongera, era n'okusembera mu byayo ne kyongera. Ekibuga Derry/Londonderry, okikoze ku kitebe kya Derry, kati kiwandikiddwawo ekitebe eky'ensi yonna ekisiimibwa mu nsi yonna era kiyitibwa UK City of Livery. Emirembe gikkirizza okugaziwa mu bulamu obwa bulijjo obwa bulijjo obwa 1970 ne mu 1980.

Emisingi gy'endagaano gyeyongera okuluŋŋamya emboozi n'enkola y'ekibiina. Ekiragiro amasannyalaze, wadde nga si manya gaategekebwa, kye kifuuse enkola ekkirizibwa okufuga. Olukiiko lw'Abaweereza mu mambuka ga South South, era lubadde lukuŋŋaanye mu biseera nga olukuŋŋaana lw'obukiiko nga terukyakola, okukakasa nti okukolagana wakati w'ensalo n'ensalo ze ze zeyongera. Olukiiko lw'eby'obufuzi olw'Abangereza ne Irrish lw'eggwanga lukola enteekateeka y'okufuga enfuumulembezo. Gavumenti ya Irland enyweezza obuvunaanyizibwa bw'okukkiriza omusingi okukkirizibwa, era n'enkyukakyuka yonna eri mu n'obungi mu Northern Ireland ekkirizibwa okukkirizibwa.

Nga bwe tulindirira ekiseera, enkolagana wakati wa Ireland ne Bungereza ejja kweyongera okunywera naye nga twolekaganye n'okugezesebwa okulala. Gavumenti ya UK ekyuse n'esalawo obutabaako ludda lwe yeewagira mu Northern Ireland, era n'obutunzi bwakyo n'amawanga amalala ag'omu EU, biyinza okuleetawo obukuubagano n'obuwangwa bw'ab'ekibiina kya EU mu Ireland. Kyokka, gavumenti zino zombi zikiraze nti zisobola okugonjoola obutakkaanya, nga bwe kiragibwa mu kukkirizibwa kwa Windsor France. Ekiruubirirwa eky'okukuuma emirembe n'obutebenkenkenkenke mu Northern Ireland kyeyongera mu nsi.

Ku kizinga kya Ireland, ebiwandiiko ebimanyiddwa nga Good Frive Agreement bigendera wamu n'okusobozesa okugonjoola obutakaanya. Ekiragiro kino kitwalibwa ng'ekyokulabirako eky'omuganyulo eky'okugonjoolera ddala obusosoze, naddala mu bitundu eby'enjawulo. Emisingi egikubiriza okukyusizaamu abantu, amaanyi ga ba ddembe, n'enkwaso ez'obuntu okusobola okusemba endagaano okukkirizibwa, kati gitwalibwa ng'ebintu ebikulu ebiyamba okuzzaawo emirembe. Endagaano era essaawo ekyokulabirako eky'okukolagana n'abatabaganya ab'ebwerundi, nga United States, okugonjoolera obukuubaganyi.

Mu kufundikira, ekiwandiiko ekyali kiwandiikiddwa nti, Association kyali tekikoma ku kuleetawo mirembe. Kye kiwandiiko ekyamanyibwa mu nsi yonna ekyazzaawo enkolagana wakati wa Ireland ne United Kingdom, ne kifuula abantu ababeera mu mayumba okukolagana. Ekiwandiiko ekyo kyawayira ddala abantu abakolagana obulungi mu ddwaniro eri wakati w'Eggwanga ne Nationalism ekkubo ery'okugabanya obuyinza n'okussa ekitiibwa mu kifo eky'emirembe egya bulijjo. era kyatandikawo emirembe egya nnamaddala wakati w'obukankani ne Ireland. Wadde nga wabaddewo ne wabaddewo okulwana okulwana n'abalabe ab'amaanyi.

Kino kitegeka nti buli kigambo ekikolebwako kiwandikiro oba mutwe gwa kompyuta bisobola okukyusibwako.[[Akawayiro aka '-' oba '-'' tekannaco '[='''' - 'Kiwandikiro'] Kino kiwandikiro oba mutwe gwa kompyuta

  • Gavumenti [[:0]UK: Alago amalungi ku Lwokutaano ([[:1]]]
  • [[AK'AWULA:0] Britanica: Agumenti ey'oku Lwokutaano esanyusa[[:1]
  • Amawulire [[AGUMENTI]]BC: Ekkulwa ekirungi bwe kyakyusa akakoloboze ak'oku Lwokubiri Ireland[[Akatundu]
  • [[AGUMENTI] Ebiseera mu Ireland: Alagaana okutabaala olwakutaano emyaka 25 ku – amasomo ag'okugonjoolerawo obukuubagano[[:1]