Ekiragiro kino kisobozesa enkola z'amateeka okuwa ebbeeyi eggukako era n'okussa ekitiibwa mu mateeka. Abanoonya obuddukiro nga bagoberera enkola.[1] Abadduka okuyigganyizibwa, entalo, oba ettemu nga bagoberera enkola y'okuteeka obulamu bwabwe mu kabi. Wadde ng'omusingi guno gukakasa okuyisibwa mu ngeri ey'obwenkanya okuyitira mu nkola z'okusala emisango, enkola yaagwo mu ngeri nzibu nnyo era nga zirwanirizibwa . Okumanya engeri enkola ey'okukwata ku ddembe ly'abanoonya obukuumi tekitegeeza ku mateeka ga bannannyini ab'obutuuze, era n'ebibatwale eby'amaanyi ebikolebwa mu bantu mu nsi yonna.

Emusingi Omutuufu Omuyinza Okugobererwa

Ekiragiro kino tekikkirizibwa mu mateeka ga njawulo, wabula kikozesebwa mu ngeri emu yokka. Amateeka amangi aga Amerika gaakozesebwa mu Bungereza n'Amerika era gaateekebwa mu miteeso gya Kutaano n'egya 14, wamu ne mu bitongole ebikwata ku ddembe ly'abantu mu nsi yonna nga Akatundu 14 ak'ekibiina ky'obukwango ku Civil ne Political Rights (ICCPR). Mu mateeka gaago, gavumenti esaanidde okussa ekitiibwa mu ddembe ly'omu mateeka lyonna omuntu ly'alina okusooka okubaggyako obulamu, eddembe oba ebintu bye yalina.

Proccular v. Emirimu egitali gimu

Abayivu mu by'amateeka balonda engeri gye basobola okulondamu ekikolerwako. Abanoonya obukuumi gye bayinza okulemererwa okukola ekyo ekiba kyetaagisa. Kino kye kisinga okweraliikiriza gavumenti okusobola okukola. Abantu okufuna ebibavunaanibwa, omukisa ogw'okukyolebwa, okuwanulira ddala obukakafu, oba okukkirizibwa okuwa obutuufu obw'okukidduukirirwa. Mu ngeri eyo, gavumenti eyinza obutatuukiriza buvunaanyizibwa obwo nga bukwasiddwa mu mateeka ag'enjawulo, nga mw'egattise ebyo ebibasuubirwa mu nsi yonna. Obudde obw'okukkulembedde obw'ekigo ekyo kiyinza okubaamu okukkulira mu ngeri ey'okwekuumibwa.

Engeri ekozesebwa mu nnyiriri eziriraanyewo tekijja kubalira

Omuntu bw'aba ow'okunoonya asylum, ateekwa okukozesa enkola ewera ennyo, naye nga buli siteegi ezingiramu: okugenda oba okutuukayo, okubuuza ebibuuzo nga yeekakasa nti ebiba byetaaga okubuuzibwa (ku magye g'ebidduka oba ku mabbali g'embuga). Ku ddaala erina okukolebwa, ebiwandiiko bisobola okulaga nti omuntu w'atuuse ku myalo gy'atuuseeko ebigenda okukuumibwa oba nti ebigenda mu n'ebyo by'ayinza okwetaazaamu.

Ka Tutegeeze era Tubeere n’Eddembe ery’Okutegeera Ensonga Ze Tukusobezza

Omuntu ayagala obuddukiro alina okutegeezebwa ensonga lwaki bali mu bukuumi oba nga bateekeddwawo mu ngeri etegeeza nti waliwo ekintu ekibaakiriddwa. Mu Amerika, kino kiba kye kiwandikiro eky'okulabirako ebyo ebibavunaanibwa (NTA) okulaga obanga bye byasalibwawo era n'ensonga kwe bisinziira okuggibwa. Awatali kumanya okutuufu, omuntu tasobola kuteekateeka kwetaasa. Kyokka, emirundi egimu, nnamba ya NTA tebaako we yeetaagira mu lulimi lwokka, era nga tategeera bulungi ensonga eyo era nga tagitegeeza nti ensonga esobola okugiggyamu.

Kkiriza okutuuka ku kkopi y'empandika eya Leya

Obutafaananako bamenyi b'amateeka abawayirwa, abo abaagala obuddukiro tebalina mateeka ga ntegeka ga gavumenti okubawa amagezi ku ngeri y'okuyingira mu ggwanga. Mu Amerika, amateeka gakkiriza omuntu oyo okuba nga ye “teyasasulirwa gavumenti. Kino kitegeeza nti abo abatasobola kugula munnamateeka tebatera kuweebwa lukalala. Okunoonyereza kulaga nti abanoonya obuddukiro nga baliko obwegambo mu mateeka batuuka ku buwanguzi okusinga abo abaliwo awatali nteekateeka ya American Immigration. A201 Lipoota y'abawandisizza ku nsonga zaabwe zituuka 60% nga bavudde ku abo abateebwa aw'okuweebwa amagezi. Okubula kwa bannannyini mu mateeka okw'okugobererwa mu nkola y'obudduukizi k'obudduukizo.

Akakisa Akavaamu Obukakafu n’Abajulirwa

Ekiragiro kibaamu okuwulirwa mu ngeri ey'amakulu singa akaweereza awa obujulizi, era ne akawa abajulizi. Abanoonya obuddukiro, kino kitegeeza okuwa obujulizi obw'okuyigganyizibwa, gamba nga alipoota ez'ensi, ebiwandiiko by'obujjanjabi, oba okulaba obusasiro bw'abalwadde. Kyokka, okubetentebwako ebibakwatako, enkonge, n'obutamanya ennyimirira z'enkola z'amateeka, era n'obuteebiwandiiko eby'amateeka we bikoma, bisobola okulemesa abakulembedde obujulizi obw'ensonga zaabwe, ate era abalamuzi bangi nga basuubira obujulizi obw'okwesiga obubagirwamu, naddala mu nsonga ezizingiramu ebikolwa eby'ettemu oba ebizibu ebirala eby'amaanyi.

Eddembe ly’Okwesanyusaamu

Oluvannyuma lw'okwegaana, abo abaagala obuddukiro balina okuba n'akakisa ak'okuwakanya okusalawo okulina mu maaso g'omufuzi ow'amaanyi. mu Amerika, okujjuuliriza obujulizi obuva mu kusala emisango gy'abalamuzi abatuuze mu nsi endala era n'oyongera okusabibwa mu kkooti z'ekitundu. Kino kibamu enjereere: okuteeka mu mitendera emingi ennyo egikwata ku kutuukiriza ebigendererwa (emirundi egisinga ennaku 30), obwetaavu obw'okunoonyereza ku nsonga ezikwata ku mateeka mu bufunze, era n'ebbeeyi y'ebbeeyi y'amaanyi. Mu myaka egyakayita, baawesebwa ne bateekako enzivu eriko enzivu.

Obuzibu obw’Amaanyi mu Ngeri Omuntu gy’Addukanyamu Ensi

Wadde nga wabaddewo entegeka mu mateeka, okusoomooza kungi mu by'okuzimba n'okugootaanya enkola bye byonooneka mu ngeri egwanira eri abo abaagala obuyambi.

Okwewombeeka n’Okubunyisa mu Bufunze

Ekiragiro kino kisobozesa abakungu abamu ab'omu Amerika okugoba abantu mu kifo ekyo ne bagoba abantu abamu nga tebalina mulamuzi abagamba ebigenda mu ggwanga eryo. Mu Amerika, obuyinza buno bugaziyiziddwa okumala emyaka mingi okusobola okuyita mu kitundu eky'ebuwangwa, era n'okumala ekiseera ekiwanvu. Abo abaagala enkola ey'okuva mu ggwanga nga bateekeddwa okuggyawo ebiba bibagendereddwawo mu bwangu, babuuzibwa bulungi okubuuza abalabirizi nti, naddala singa akakiiko ka gavumenti ka Amereka kabaamu, oba akatamanyidde ku ddembe lyabwe lyayo.

Embeera Ekwata ku Bufumbo n’Okufuna Obuyambi

Ekitongole ekiwa abakuumibwa kitera okubeera mu bitundu ebyesudde, nga kiri wala n'abawagizi abawa obuyambi. Okutegeeza ba puliida ku matelefoni kiyinza okugula oba okukugirwa, era okukyalira bannamateeka ne kiremesa. Mu matabi agamu, ababasibiddwa batwalibwa mu kifo ekirala nga tewali manya, ne batabaganya n'abaddusi abali mu kifo ekyo. Embeera eziri mu bitundu bino, ziyinza obutaba za maanyi nnyo olw'obumanyiiko, era ne gavumenti ezifuga mu ngeri enzijiji z'amateeka ziyinza okulemesa omuntu okuteekateeka engeri y'okwerwanako. Okunoonyereza 2020 okwakolebwa University of Texas School of Texas School kwakizuula nti ababun

Okusoomooza Okuli mu Nnimi n’Obuwangwa

Omuntu bw'aba ow'okubuulirira ebibye, tekimuyisa bubi. Naye abantu bangi abanoonya obuddukiro tebasaanidde kukozesa lulimi lwogerwa mu nsi gye baba bayise. Engeri y'okunnyonnyolamu ebigambo za njawulo. Omuntu bw'ategeera ekikyamu kiyinza okuvaamu obuzibu obutali bumu. Ate era, enjawulo wakati w'obuwangwa bw'abantu bwe boogera ebibakwatako: mu bitundu ebimu, tekiba kya buvuzivuvu okutunuulira oba okuwakanya ab'obuyinza, era n'obubonero obusobola okunnyonnyolwa ng'obuteesigwa bw'omulamuzi agenda mu nsi engwira.

Ekyusakyusa mu Mbeera n’Emitindo gy’Empisa

Ekiragiro Astyl kyeyongera okuwerebwa ku nkola ez'amaanyi ezitakyusizaamu enkola z'okutegeka ebifo ebikolerwamu. Ng'ekyokulabirako, okuva mu 2017 okutuuka mu 2020, abafuga Amerika baateekawo enkola eyakugirwa(*.'Emilkuttual Protood Protooties) mu Mexico obwa kafundikwa). Etteeka eryo erya Migrant libakugira okukomyawo, okuwera, era n'okukugirwa kwagobererwa kw'amateeka amatuufu, era nga oluvannyuma lwagobererwa mu kkooti era nga n'okuva mu ggwanga lyagobererwa. Okuyingira mu ggwanga, amateeka ago gaaleetera abanoonya obudduukirikibwa okusoosa oba bannamateeka okukyusiza abawanjula etteeka eriba nga ligenda okudda mu kifo eky'okutambula.

Emitindo n’Obuvunaanyizibwa mu Nsi Yonna

Mu kakiiko k'abanoonyi b'abanoonyi b'obubudamo mu 1951 ne mu kussaawo endagaano y'obukwakulizo mu 1967, essirakiti tezirina kudda (preuble) mu kitundu gye bayigganyizibwa. Ekiragiro kino tekirina kukolera wamu mu ngeri esaanira kubanga enkola ey'obwenkanya esobozesa omuntu okumanya obanga alina okutya okw'amaanyi. Omukulembeze w'ekibiina ky'Abanoonyi b'obubudamo (UNHCR) abawagidde okuteekawo obulagirizi ku mitindo gy'ebinaagenderako, nga mw'otwalidde n'obwetaakwo obwa bulijjo obukkirizibwa mu [FL:0] obumalirivu, obwa nnamaddala obw'okuyiseemu n'okuyita mu ngeri esobola okuyita mu n'okugobeeyambisibwako. emirundi mingi abafu, bawagidde mu ngeri y'emu. Ng'obumanyimanyi ebikolebwa mu Bulaayaayaaya-Europe Sylton Syma (CE) bwe bigobeegoberebwa mu ngeri enfunze zaakero eziba nga zigobeseteetuufu okugoberebwa mu nkola.[[10

Engeri Ebikwata ku Ddembe ly’Obuntu gye Bikolebwamu

Enteekateeka nga ICCPR ne Convention Against Torture (CAT) nazo ziteeka obuvunaanyizibwa obw'amaanyi mu nkola. Akakiiko ka ka ky'ekibiina kya UN kazudde nti etteeka erikwata ku ddembe ly'obuntu limenya amateeka mu 'ICPR' bwe liba nga liba nga libaggirawo ekigonjodde nga tebwejjukanya. Mu ngeri y'emu, akakiiko akakwasisa aka ka CAT kasazeewo nti okukugira okutulugunya okutulugunya abantu. Abo abaagala eddembe ly'enkola ku ntegeka ddembe ly'obusobozi kayinza okuteeka mu nkola enzikkiriza omulimu gwabwe, naye ne kkooti z'amaka ziresemba gavumenti z'abakkiriza okugenda mu ggwanga.

Okwetegereza ebibamba n'Ebyakwata ku Nsi

Omusingi ogukwata ku nkola ekolebwa buli omu guba mutuufu. Lowooza ku kyokulabirako kya “Ana,” omukazi okuva mu Masekkati ga Amereka eyadduka okuttibwa era n'anoonya obuddukiro ku nsalo ya Amereka. Yaggibwawo, yayisibwa mu kutya, yaweebwa ebigambo, era n'aweebwa amabaluwa okulabika. Kyokka, yali tasobola kugula munnamateeka era n'afuba okuyita mu lukiiko mu lulimi lwe yali tamanyidde ddala. Mu kuwulira kwe okwasooka, yagambibwa okuddayo ne munnamateeka; yalabika ku lumubanyuma lwonzi ate n'aggibwawo mu kifo ekirala bwe yalemererwa okutegeera.

Ekyokulabirako ekirala kiraga obukulu bw'okukiikirira abakungu ba mateeka: “Muhammed,” omunoonyi w'obubudamu Omusuuli eyatuuka mu Amerika ng'amanyiddwa bulungi mu kuyigganyizibwa. Ekitongole ky'omu mateeka ekyamuwa ensonga ze, yamuyamba okuteekateeka obujulizi obulaga nti yali asibiddwa era nga atulugunyizibwa, era n'awakanya ensonga ze eri omulamuzi abeera mu ggwanga. Yafuna obuddukiro oluvannyuma lw'emyezi 14. Enjawulo wakati wa Ana ne Muhammed gye baafuna obuwagizi bwa gavumenti, teyasobola kukuuma bannannyini ku ekyo kye baali baagala wabula yasobola okusobola okusobola okuwabula obujulizi obwa bulijjo.

Lwaki Buli Omu Asaanidde Okuwagira Enkyukakyuka Eziba Tezibaawo mu Bulamu?

Ekiragiro kino tekigasa buteefu kugiwa abo abaagala obuddukiro; kiyamba abantu okwongera okwesiga enteekateeka z'obuwaŋŋangusi. Singa enkola ziba za bwenkanya, abateesiteesi n'abateesiteesi b'amateeka batera okuzuula ani mububudamo era n'atali ani, naye nga kikendeeza ku kutwalibwa mu buwaŋŋanguse. Gavumenti esobozesa abantu okuteeka obwesige bwabwe mu nteekateeka y'okuyingira obuddukiro. Omuntu bw'ategeera nti enkola eyo ereeteeyagalidde oba nti evvu, alekerawo okukkiriza mu mateeka era nti si kyangu okugagoberera kyeyagalire. Ekyokusatu, enkola esobozesa enkola yaago okugoogerwa mu ngeri esobozesa ekibiina ky'abantu abateetisebwa okufiirwa eddembe lyabwe.

Ate era, okusobola okutuukiriza obuvunaanyizibwa obuba bugobeddwa mu mpisa n'engeri y'okugobereraamu emitindo gy'empisa. Abo abaagala okugootaana be bamu ku bantu abasinga okuba ennafu mu nsi, nga basobeddwa era nga beeraliikirira nnyo.

Ebikugu n’Ekkubo bye Bigenda Bidda A maaso

Mu Amerika, entegeka ya Binden ekoze enteekateeka okuzzaawo obukuumi obulala obuba bugendereddwa. Okukomya enkola ya “Mexico” n'okugaziya programu z'omu mateeka eri abantu ababa basibiddwa. Kyokka, wazzewo okusoomooza okulala okutali kumu, nga mw'otwalidde n'okuteeka omutwe: Theotre 42 for for the family Consementssions (amalwanyi) n'okuzza obujulizi obusukka mu bukadde 1,5 obusaze mu kkooti z'abatuuze mu ggwanga. Okulongoosebwa kw'ekitongole ekyo kyetaagisa abalamuzi abalamuzi abava mu ggwanga okuyingiza abatuuze mu ggwanga, obuyambi bw'omu mateeka, n'obukuumi obukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa mu ku ku siteetwa.

Ku mulembe gw'ensi yonna, UNHCR yeeyongera okulwanirira enkola ez'obuddukirize era ekwetaagisa okwongerawo obuwagizi n'ekkubo. Ekiragiro 'Global Compact on Refugees', ekyatongozebwa mu 2018, kitwaliramu obukankano okunyweza enkola y'obuddukiro bw'eggwanga, naye okubutuukiriza tekusigala nga bwe kuli. Ebibiina bya bantu, nga mw'otwalidde ne American Civil Liberes Union[], 'Human Rights Watch[, era n'ebibiina eby'omu mateeka, bireetawo ekitongole ekiwandikiro eky'enkola, nga kiwandikiro kya muwendo ekivaako, naye nga tebisobola kutuukiriza buvunaanyizibwa bwa gavumenti ezitalina.

Ebisembe ebiweebwa abafuzi b'eby'obufuzi

Okusobola okukuuma enkola eya nnamaddala eri abo abaagala obuddukiro, abawaabizi bagoberedde enkola balina okulowooza ku bintu bino wammanga:

  • [[Act:0]] Mu kutuukirira abantu mu kukakasibwa mu mateeka [[[NKULA], naddala abo ababa bakwatiddwa oba abalina obulwadde bw'obwongo oba obwogezi.
  • [[AKMENTI:0] Kitegeeza okuggyawo ekitegekedwa oba okuggyawo ekiragiro[[[KALA]] mu mbeera nga tewali bukuumi bwe bukkirizibwa, era kikakasa okulambula mu ngeri ey'amakulu ekiragiro bwe kiba kiggibwawo.
  • [[Act:0][[Act:1] Kino kikikola nga kiwandikawo ebiba biwandiikiddwa mu kukyusakyusa ebiba biwandikiddwa[[Act:1] okuyitira mu buwandiisi, okutendeka, n'okukuuma empandika okulaba nti ensobi tezikolebwako.
  • [[Akabonero:0]] Okusibibwa kwe kukozesebwa mu kifo ekisembayo era n'okukebera mu kifo ky'okusibibwa, nga mw'otwalidde n'okulabirira abantu mu kitundu, bikozesebwa nnyo.
  • [[Akawulu:0] Obumyufu obukola ku byuma ebikola ku misango ebisookerwako obunene mu kkooti [[Akabonero:1] nga bafuna abalamuzi n'abakola ku by'okuyingira mu nsi, era nga batandika n'okukozesa tekinologiya ageeyambisibwa okuwuliriza ebiba bisembedde we kiba kyetaagisa.
  • [[Act:0]] Kino kitegeka enkola ey'ekidduukiriro ekikolebwako[[[NT:1] mu mateeka agagikuuma obutakyusa ngeri z'okozesa ku ofiisi y'ettabi.

fundikira

Ekiragiro kino kisobozesa abantu okufuna obuddukiro obwa nnamaddala. Singa tewabaawo, okuddukira mu kifo eky'okwekwekawo, ebintu gye byesigamye ennyo ku lukisakisa so si ku bizibu by'omuntu. Abo abaagala aw'okunoonya ensusso bakkirizibwa okuwulirwa mu bifo ebyoleka ekitiibwa kyabwe era ne kisobozesa omuntu okuwulira. Omuntu bw'ataba ng'anoonya ekiddukiro, ebivaamu biba bya maanyi nnyo okusingako awo nga waliwo omuntu afudde, kabe nga amaka gagattiddwawo oba gaawukanye, era oba nga amawanga gatuukiriza obweyamo bwago. Okukuuma tekusobozesa abo abanoonya obuddukiro okuba mu bwenkanya.

[[AGUMENTI:0] Kano k'oteekako n'akawayiro aka '-' oba '-'' oba '-'' oba ''' akawayiro '-[FLT'''' oba '-''' oba Ekiragiro ekitongole eky'eby'ensonga kisoma ebigoberera enkola y'ekiwandikiro'obudde[[FLT':2] era n'ekitongole eky'ekitongole ekiragibwa ekifuga ekikola ku kitongole kya Immigno obutegekebwa ekikola ku by'obwa oba obukaawulu.'