Okutegeera Obuvunaanyizibwa bwa Kkooti y’Amerika

Enteekateeka y'okusala emisango mu Amereka ekola ku nkola za kkooti bbiri ezikola nga zombi, nga kitegeeza nti waliwo kkooti za gavumenti ezifaanagana. Buli emu erina obuyinza bwayo, egoberera empalana, era ne misango egitali gimu. Nga bamanyi kooti ki y'esobola okuwulira omusango gwo, kye kintu ekisooka era ekikulu ennyo mu kuyisa enkola eno. Wadde amatabi g'eggwanga n'agw'eggwanga, waliwo kkooti ez'enjawulo ezikola ku nsonga ezikwata ku nsonga z'omu mateeka, gamba ng'empaka z'amaka, ensonga ezimenyebwa obugulukujjuzi, n'okumenya ebiddukanya ebiddukanya.

Kooti Ezikola ku Bufumbo: Amateeka g’Eggwanga Bwe Gali ku Nsonga

Kkooti ezikola ku bukiiko ziwuliriza emisango egizingiramu amateeka ga gavumenti, ebibuuzo ebizingirwa mu mateeka, endagaano, enkaayana wakati w'amawanga, era n'emisango egiba giwayiriziddwa mu Amerika. era gikola ne ku nsonga ezimu wakati w'abatuuze ab'amawanga ag'enjawulo (enkola z'obufuzi) singa omuwendo gw'obukaanyi obusukka mu doola z'Amerika 750,000. Enkola y'ensi n'ebitundu ebitegekeddwa mu mitendera esatu:

  • [[NKULULA][[NKULU] Ebitundu bya Amerika] – Zino ze kkooti eziwa obujulizi, obujulizi, n'ebiwandiiko ebisala emisango. Waliwo kkooti za disiturikiti 94 mu ggwanga lyonna, nga buli emu yasangirira ekitundu ekimu.
  • [[Akabonero:0]] Tteeka lya Applications[[[Akabonero:1] – era ziyitibwa kkooti z'ekitundu, kooti zino ezitwala obunene obunene zinoonyereza ku misango gy'asaze. Erimu ebitundu 13 ebisatu nga bituukiriza obutundutundu.
  • [[AKM:0] U.S.[[AKKA] – kkooti esinga obukulu mu nsi. Ewulira ebijulirwa okuva ku kkooti z'ekitundu ne mu kkooti enkulu mu kiseera eky'ebibuuzo bwe kiba kizingirwamu. Kkooti elonda akatundu katono ku ebyo ebisabibwa (ebitono) buli mwaka.

Bw'oba okwata amateeka agafuga gavumenti, okusoomooza okuli mu mateeka, oba enkaayana ez'enkaayana, oyinza okutandikira mu kkooti ya disiturikiti ey'Amerika. Ebiragiro eby'enjawulo era ne empandika ez'enjawulo biri ku mukutu U.S.

kkooti z’Ettabi: Obutakkaanya mu Mateeka gy’Obulamu

Kkooti za gavumenti ge mbalaasi ezikola ku nkola y'okusala emisango. Zikola ku nsonga ezisinga obungi: okusiba emisango, okusiba emisango ku kkooti z'amateeka (enkakaanya, okwekolako ekibi), amateeka g'amaka (okukulabirira abaana), ensonga ezikwata ku w'abaami baabwe, n'ebirala bingi. Buli ggwanga lirina amateeka gaalyo, naye nga buli nkola yakyo y'emu:

  • [[Akabonero:0] Kkooti ez'omusolo [[FUZI] – zino ze kkooti enkulu eziba zikwasibwa. Ziyinza okuyitibwa kooti enkulu, kkooti z'ekitundu, oba kkooti za disiturikiti okusinziira ku buyinza. Zirabirira ensonga ezikwata ku bantu ne ku bamenyi b'amateeka.
  • [[Akawulu:0] Empuku ez'ekika ne '[[KATANDIKWA]' - Eggwanga ssi bingi birina kkooti entonotono (etera okuyitibwa kkooti ey'okujulira) eyejjukanya ebyo kkooti bye zisazeewo. Amasaza amatono gayinza okusussa olukalala luno ne gagenda butereevu ku kkooti y'eggwanga esingako obunene.
  • [[AKM:0] Akakiiko Akafuzi [ – Kkooti ey'enkola eyasembayo mu ssemakungu. Ebisalibwa byayo ku mateeka ga gavumenti bikola okuggyako nga gavumenti ereesewo ekibuuzo ekijulizi Kkooti Enkulu ey'omu Amerika.

Ekiragiro kino amateeka ga gavumenti gaawukana mu ngeri nnyingi, n'olwekyo kikulu nnyo okukebera omukutu gwa ofiisi yo. Ng'ekyokulabirako, Kkooti ezikola ku nsonga za gavumenti ziwa abantu obutereevu obwa bulijjo obutereevu obulagira okukola ku bintu nga bw'osobola okufuna obuyambi, empagi, n'enkola z'enkyuuka ez'okusasula.

Kkooti Ezaawulwa: Ebikwata ku Kintu Ekikakafu Ekyetaagisa

Wadde nga wabaddewo enkola za gavumenti n'ez'ensi zaaleetera kkooti nnyingi okusiiga essira ku bifo ebimu eby'amateeka oba abantu.

  • [[AKM:0] Kooti ez'omu maka[[AKKA] – zeyamalirizibwa okugattululwa, okukuza abaana, okuwagira abaana, n'ensonga ez'obukambwe mu maka.
  • [[ABY'OKUKOLA] KKOOTI[[AK'AWULA] – Ebiragiro oba ebiwango, ebbeetuka, emmeeri ezikuuma, n'ebyawulirwa ku kyoto. Bikakasiza ddala nti ebintu by'omuntu afudde bibunyisibwa okusinziira ku kigendererwa kyabyo (oba amateeka g'ensi bwe biba nga tewakyaliwo).
  • [[Act:0]] Kkooti ezikola ku by'onoonyezanya biringa ezo [[[NKULULA] – 'Adjudicate'' obumenya amateeka gamba nga eggaanya, okuddukanya amataala agamyufu, oba ttikiti ezisimba tanka. Mu bitundu ebimu, buno kitundu kya siteegi ya sistemu ya sipala.
  • [[Akawulu k'ebisobozo][ – Ssaawo enzijanjaba n'okulabirira abakozi b'amateeka abatali bakambwe abalina ensonga ez'okukozesa ebiragalalagala, nga bagenderera okukendeeza ku kusibawo enkola ey'okuggyawo obusosoze.
  • [[AB'OKUMENTI] [[[Act:1] – kyeyimirizaamu ab'oluganda abaavunaanibwa omusango, nga bikwatagana n'emiganyulo egiva mu VA era n'obujjanjabi bw'obwongo.
  • [[NKULULA] Ennamba Entono [ – 'Enkola ennyangu' eri mu kkooti z'amateeka mwe kiyinza okuwerera abantu ssente nga doola z'Amerika 50,000 (era nga doola 10,000) nga tebalina muteeyisaamu mu kkooti.

Okumanya kkooti ekozesa obulungi ensonga zo kiyinza okukuyamba okufuna obuwandiike obutuufu n’enkola ezituufu.

Okusalira Omusango: Ekikolwa eky’Okusooka eky’Okubuusabuusa

Nga tonnasawo musango gwonna, oteekwa okusooka okumanya ensonga gye ziri. [[FULT:0] Kino kitegeeza gavumenti (obuyinza bwa kkooti okuwulira olukasa) ne obuyinza obwa buli muntu we busangibwa[ (obuyinza bwa kkooti ku bituuti). Buuza ebibuuzo bino:

  • Omusango ogwo guzingiramu amateeka g’eggwanga, Amateeka ga Amerika, oba enkaayana wakati w’amateeka?
  • K'ebe nsonga ki eyandireetedde abantu okugattululwa oba okuyisibwa obubi?
  • Waliwo kkooti ekola ku musango guno (ummennya, kkooti y’amaka)?
  • Amateeka ga Venue galaga ekifo ekituufu eky’okulabiramu (ekifo oba disitulikiti).

Bw’oba nga tomanyi ngeri ngeri gy'oyinza kuddukamu mu kkooti, genda ku ofiisi y'omuwanika oba ku kibiina ekiwa obuyambi mu mateeka.

Engeri y’Okuvunaana Omusango Gwo mu Kkooti

Bwe wamala okumanya kkooti entuufu, omutendera oguddako guba gwa kutandika na nkola ya ngeri eyo, naye nga mu ngeri endala mulimu enkola:

Okuteekateeka Ebiwandiiko Bya Bayibuli

  • [[NKUMBO:0]] Kyusa oba Kwegayirira[[KITANDIKI] – Kiwandiiko ekiraga bye weetaagibwa, ebituufu, n'obuweerero bw'onoonya (ebisaleseddwa mu ssente, ebiragibwa mu mwana, n'ebirala.)
  • [[AK'AMUTANDIKA] [[AK'AMUTANDIKI] – Akabonero akalaga nti omuwayirwa aterekeddwa omusango mu kkooti era nti gulina okubaako kye gukola mu kiseera (emirundi egisinga 20-30 ennaku).
  • [[:0] Okufumba Fee – kkooti ezisinga obungi zisaba ssente okuwandiika omusango. Obubonero buli wakati wa doola 500,000 ne doola 400 mu kkooti z'ensi eno; ebisawo ebisabibwa okuteekamu okusawo okusasulira mu nsonga za gavumenti biba 4402 ku nsonga ezikwata ku gavumenti.

Okuweereza Abalala

Olina okutwalira omuwawaayiriza kopi ez'okwemulugunya era n'oziyisa mu ngeri eyoleka engeri gye gukolebwamu. Kino kiyinza okukolebwa nga omukungu wa gavumenti, oba nga mu nsi ezimu oyitira mu mabaluwa oba ku mulimu. Obuweereza obwa bulijjo bwetaagisa; awatali kubaako, kkooti teziyinza kuba na buyinza ku oyo avunaanibwa.

Okugondera Amateeka

Bw'oba oli muwayitirwa, oteekwa okuwandika eky'okuddamu oba okutambuza mu budde obumenyesemenyese. Bw'olemererwa okukola ku ekyo, ojja kusobola okusalirwa omusango ogwa bulijjo. Eky'okuddamu kikkiriza oba okwegaana buli omu ku buwambe era kiyinza okusobozesa omuntu okukkiriza obuwambe obwo nti tosobola kweyimirizaawo kweyimirizaawo.

Okuvunaanibwa n’Okugenda mu Ggulu mu Kooti

Oluvannyuma lw'okusengeka n'okugenda mu buweereza, ensonga eyita mu mitendera egiwera. Ekyuma bwe kitegekebwa ku siteegi kiyinza okuyamba ennyo mu kugonjoola ekizibu.

Okuzuula Ebintu Ebisooka Okubaawo

Kkooti nnyingi zikola mu lukiiko omulamuzi mw'akuŋŋaanira okunnyonnyola ensonga lwaki zigattiddwa, okuzigonjoola, n'okussaawo olukalala.

  • [[AK'AWULA][[AK'AMUTANDIKA] – ebibuuzo ebiteekwa okuddibwamu nga kiragiddwa mu buwandiike.
  • [[AKITANDIKA] [[AKITANDIKA] – obujulizi obw'Akabonero obwagibwa omunnamawulire omu ow'omu kkooti, bwe yatwala nga tannawozesebwa.
  • [[Akatundu]] Creaders for [ – Cream'okubuuza konv , n'ebirala, oba koppi z'ekisawo.
  • [[:0] Cetaaza okutegeeza omulimu ogwagikolera[[:1] – okusaba oludda olulala okukkiriza oba okugaana ebifa ku nsonga.

Okunoonyereza kuyinza okutwala ebiseera, naye kukakasa nti buli ludda olwo lulina obujulizi obwetaagisa okuwa ensonga zaabwe.

Emirimu n’Okuwulira

Empandika ziyinza okutegeeza kkooti okusala emisango nga tennaba kuwozesebwa.

  • [[:0] Okugobawo[[KITONDE] – Argues nti okwemulugunya tekukkirizibwa mu mateeka.
  • [[Act:0] Ekiragiro kino kikozesebwa ku mukolo ogw'okusalako omusango mu bufunze[[[Act:1] – Asaba kkooti okufuga nga ekkirizibwa abantu kubanga tewali kampasi za mazima.
  • [[:0]Motion to Compel Discover[[KITABO] - Kino kikebera ekiragiro kya kkooti enoonya oluume lw'ekyetaagisa okuzuula obubaka.

Omulamuzi awandiika ebintu ebyo mu bufunze ng’akozesa ebigambo ebitali bimu.

Okulamulwa

Singa ensonga tezigonjoolwa, olwo oba okuwozesebwa (ogasa oba okusalirwa omusango).

Okutegeera Ennungi Yo mu Kkooti

Amateeka ga Amereka n'amateeka ga gavumenti biwa abantu eddembe ery'enkomeredde nga bali mu bujulizi bw'amateeka.

Obudde ku kixp bukyusidwa mu mateeka

Bw’oba tosobola kusasula ssente, omuwooya wa gavumenti ajja kulondebwa okutuula ku buli kakiiko akasonga ku lulwe.

Obuvunaanyizibwa bw’Okugezesebwa mu Ngeri ey’Obulungi era Etasosola

Claus eyayitibwa Century Claus akakasa nti mujja kuwuliriza mulamuzi atalina ludda. Mulina eddembe ery'okutegeeza, okuyita abajulizi, okusala emiwaatwa ku ludda olulala, era n'okunoonyereza ku nsonga. Singa okkiriza nti omulamuzi alina ekikoba, osobola okulondamu mu lukumbo. Jury (vier jamplate) ewawa oludda lwo okusoomooza bajulizi ab'ekika ekimu.

Ekitangaala eky’Okusaba

Singa kkooti esala omusango ku nsonga z'eba ekukozese, osaanidde okujulira mu kkooti esingayo obunene. Alipoota teziddamu kukwatibwa; essira lissibwa ku nsobi z'omu mateeka, so si ku bujulizi obuppya. Ebbanga erimala ennaku 30 okuva ku lukiiko we lusaze. Singa olukusa okusazesa omusango guba teguweereddwako omulundi gwa kussa budde, kiyinza okuviirako omusango okukkirizibwa, okukyusibwa oba okusazeezebwa.

Eddembe Eri Eri Eri Embi Ekkulu

  • [[Act:0]] Kusobola okusirika ku ddyo[[[AK'AWULA:1] (mu misango) – Okwewalira ddala obukyayi.
  • [[AGUMENTI:0] okutuukirira abajulizi [[[KYUMENTI]] – weebuuze mu kkooti.
  • [[Act:0] Ku bwangu ddala ku bwongo[ – Omuwayirizi ateekwa okusazesebwa mu kiseera ekisaanira (emirundi egisinga mu nnaku 60-180 mu kiseera nga okozesezza mateeka).
  • [[AK'AMUTANDIKA] Ku ddyo mu musango ogwabanga gusalirwa omusango[[[K'AMENT:1] – Mu misango gy'abamenyi b'amateeka n'emisango mingi egiba gigobereddwa abantu (nga abo abanoonya ssente bafiirwa ebintu byabwe ku ludda olumu).
  • [[NKULULA] Ku lukumbo olw'okugenda ku kiwandiiko ekya bonna[ – ebiwandiiko ebya kkooti mu bulijjo bikkirizibwa mu lujjudde, wadde ng'ebiwandiiko ebimu biyinza okuteekebwa ku lubu lwo ebiba biwandiikiddwa nga bya kyama (umb., ebiwandike eby'abaana abato, ebyamakwasibwa).

Obusobozi Obusobola Okuyamba Abatuuze Okuyita mu Kkooti

Ebibiina ebitali bimu biyinza okutuwa obulagirizi, okubumba, n’okutuwa ekifaananyi eky’omuntu.

Ebifo ebya kkooti ebiyamba abo abali mu bwetaavu

Empuliziganya nnyingi zisobola okubeera n'abakungu ba gavumenti abasobola okuddamu ebibuuzo, enzijanjaba, n'okunnyonnyola enkola. Emirimu gino gitera kuba gya bwereere. Sooka olabe omukutu gwa kkooti gy'obeera okumala essaawa nnyingi.

Ebibiina Ebikola ku Kudduukirira Abantu mu Ngeri y’Eby’Omu Mateeka

Ofiisi eziwa obuyambi obukkirizibwa mu mateeka ziyamba abantu kinnoomu abaafuna obuyambi obwa wansi oba obwa wansi ku ssente eziba ziweereddwayo mu kifo ekyo. . . .[FLT] Ekiragiro kisobozesa enzijanjaba z'amateeka okuwa obuyambi mu bitundu bya Amerika okufuna obukkirizibwa mu nsi yo.

Amasomero g’Amateeka n’Ebitabo bya Bonna

Amasomero mangi galina etterekero ly'amateeka abantu mwe basobola okufunira amateeka, amateeka n'enkola ez'enjawulo. Amaterekero g'ebitabo gatumbula ebitabo mu mateeka ga Nolo oba Gale gasobola okuzuula ennyimba ez'amateeka n'enkumbo ezijjukirwa.

Obubonero obwa kompyuta

  • Ekiragiro kino kiwa ebifa ku lukiiko [[AK'AWULA].gov[[AK'AWULA] – Biwa ebifa ku lukiiko olw'eggwanga n'olw'eggwanga.
  • [[Act:0] Akawayiro kano kaleetera ekiragiro okulonda amateeka[[Akawayiro:1] – Kategeka ebitundu, kalonda akwata ku nsonga za kiwandikiro, n'etterekero lya munnamateeka.
  • [[Akawayiro:0] Nolo.com[[=AK'AWULA] – Ekiragiro kino kiwandika ebitabo n'ebitundu ebya yo eby'omu mateeka.
  • [[AGUMENTI]American Bar Association (ABA)[[AGUMENTI:1] – The [[KITONDERWA:2]]ABA Enjigiriza ya Public[[[KY'AMUTANDIKA]] olupapula lusobola okuwa obulagirizi ku ngeri y'okutegeera kkooti.
  • [[AK'AMUTANDIKA] PACER[[FLT]] - Access of Court Electronic Records, gy'osobola okukebera emisango gy'omu kkooti (mulimu mutono).

Emirimu gy’Attorney Referral

Bw'oba weetaaga munnamateeka, weebuuze ku munnamateeka akwanjula mu kkooti.

Amagezi Amalungi Agakwata ku Kiwandiiko kya Kooti

  • [[AK'AMUTANDIKA] Soma n'obwegendereza amateeka. Kooti zirina amateeka ag'omu kitundu agakwata ku ngeri gye gakyusaamu obubaka, ebiseera n'obukodyo obw'okutereka fayiro. Obuzibu tebulina kye bukolawo ku butamanya.
  • [[Act:0] Kuuma koppi za buli kintu.[[AGUPU] Kuuma koppi ya buli kiwandiiko ky'owandiika ne ky'ofuna.
  • Ebitundu bya kooti [[Act:0] bitandika mangu mangu. Obudde ne bweyongera, biyinza okusinziirwako okulekawo oba okugobererwa.
  • [[Act:0] Ssomero ezikkirizibwa zisaana.[[Aka]
  • [[AK'AMU:0] Yogera mu ngeri ey'enjawulo era n'okuwa ekitiibwa.[[AKML:1] Bw'oba oyagala okuwa omulamuzi ekitiibwa, tegeeza omulamuzi nti, “Owa ekitiibwa.” Toyimirizanga mulamuzi oba okuwabula.
  • [[AGUMENTI] Teeberezaamu engeri y'okukwatamu ensonga.[[ALT:1] Kkooti nnyingi zisaba oba zikubiriza okusalawo oba okuleetawo ensawo ezikola ku nsonga endala nga tezinnawozesebwa. Okugattika ku nsonga ku nsonga ezo kuyinza okuba kwa bwangu, kusasula essente, era kuyinza obutazizifuula bizibu.
  • [[Act:0] Fuubirira.[[ALUTI:1] Kolawo akantu akaliko eb'awulumu esobola okusangidwa, okuzuula, okuwuliziganya, n'obubonero okuva mu matuuzi.

Olugero: Tufuna Amaanyi okuyitira mu Kumanya

Kkooti zikola bubi nnyo olw'okuba si ntuufu. Bw'oyiga enkola yaazo, eddembe lyo, n'ekikolwa ekikuteebwa, oba ogenda mu maaso, oba osobola okugenda mu maaso. “‘ K'obadde nga totaddewo nsonga ntono, oba ng'oyanjudde mu kkooti nga bw'oyanjula omwana wo. Kozesa eby'obugagga ebyogeddwako wano, bubuuza ebibuuzo mu lukiiko lw'amateeka, era tolonzalonza kufuna buyambi bwa mu mateeka singa emiti giba mitono. Okutegeera engeri y'okuddukanyamu enkola ya kkooti tekubawo ng'okuwangula omusango; kikwata ku ku kukuuma ddembe lyo ne kutuukiriza musango.