Kye Baazuula Amangu: Okuzimba Ekizimbe Ekipya eky’Obukuumi

Obulumbaganyi obwakolebwa nga Ssebutemba 11, 2001, bwakyusa enkola ey'okukolagana mu nsi yonna awamu n'okufuga amaka. Mu wiiki ntono, Consert ya United States yayisa ekiragiro eky'okukwata abasirikale (AMF), nga ewanyisa mu mateeka okusobola okulumba Al-Qaeda n'obukulembeze bwakyo. Ekiwandiiko kino eky'okunoonyereza ku bya magyenja kyago kyagoongerwa mu bantu abangi. Okuyita kwa USA PATRIOTT Act kyagaziyawunzika nnyo amaanyi g'okugobererwa kw'amateeka n'okugookwasisa ebitongole bya bannasayansi, okukkubisa obuterekereza empapula z'amasa, n'okunoonyereza ku by'ensi.

Gavumenti ya Amerika eyasingirayo ddala okutegekebwa obulungi okuva ku Kiragiro kya National Security Act ekya 1947 bwe kyatandikawo ekitongole kya Homeland Security (DHS), yagatta wamu ebitongole 22 ebyeyambisibwa okuziyiza obulumbaganyi, okukendeeza obusobe, n'okusobozesa okubukyusa okubuddaabiriza. Mu nsi yonna, Akatundu akayitibwa NATO kaayitibwanga akataano akasooka mu byafaayo byako, kaalangirira nti obulumbaganyi bw'eggwanga lya U.S kaali bulumba gavumenti zonna ez'ensi, ne kiviirako enkambi z'e Afghanistan okubunnyibwa ne ziddamu okubumbibwa enkambi z'empagimu. Ekizimbi kino kyakolebwa okusobola okuzimbizibwa mu sipiidi eya waggulu era n'obuwanguzi obwali mu kiseera ekya makumi abiri agaddako.

Ekitundu kino kyogera ku ebyo eby'enkukunala ebikoleddwa okuva nga 9/11, nga kikebera ebiva mu nkola za bannalukalala ez'okulwana okuva ku 9/11 nga banoonyereza ku ebyo ebinaava mu nkola zaabwe ez'ekiseera ekiwanvu. Ekigendererwa kwe kuggyayo eby'okuyiga ebiyinza okukolebwa mu kiseera obulumbaganyi obwo we buvudde mu bannalukalala ab'omu biwayinja bya bannalukalala okubuteeka mu ndowooza zaabwe, mu bannakatemba, ne mu bifo ebibali ku birala.

Obukodyo: Obukugu mu Kukozesa Obugezigezi n’Amagezi

Ku mutendera ogw'okukolera awamu, oluvannyuma lw'emyaka 9/11 waaleeta obuwanguzi obw'amaanyi obw'enkuukuta. Okweyongerayongerayongera mu bubonero okw'amagezi (KITENT), amagezi g'abantu (HUMINT), n'enkolagana n'abantu mu nsi yonna byavaamu emiganyulo mu kutabangula obulumbaganyi obugenda busembera era n'okusaanyawo ebizimbe by'ekibiina.

Okugaana Enkwe Ezinene ez’Ensi

Mu 2006, Transatlantic Airtuation Emplot yamanyibwa ng'obuwanguzi obw'amaanyi obwava mu nsi ezitali zimu okukolebwa. Obusobozi bwa bannasayansi mu Bungereza ne Pakistan, nga bakolera wamu ne FBI ne CIA, baavumbula kaweefube ow'okuggyawo bbomu ez'amaanyi ku mmeeri nga biva e London okutuuka mu North America. Olukiiko olwo lwagwa butaka ne luvaawo, ne luviirako okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu bifo eby'enjawulo mu nsi yonna. Mu ngeri y'emu, olukiiko lwa Najibullah Zazi olwa 2009 okukuba bbomu ettaka lya New York erya kabutoffaali nga ligenda mu Amerika ey'omulembe. Olukiiko lwojjuzi lwooo ku banna bannaategese bye baaze.

Obukulembeze bwa Bannakyemalira era n’Ebikolwa by’Abayigganyi

Oboolyawo akabonero akasinga okulabika akalaga obuwanguzi obw'okukwata n'okutumbula ebinaago eby'omu Amerika, kwe kutta Osama ebinaawe ebyalwanyi bya Saden nga Maayi 2, 2011. Emirimu gya Neptune Spearry gye gyakomekkereza omulimu gw'okunoonyereza ebyasaasaanyizibwa nga gukiikirira obukulembeze obwasembayo mu bitongole bya Pakistan ne mu butebenkevu. Okugobererwa kwa Bin Laden kwaleetera okukuba obulumbaganyi obw'amaanyi ennyo mu birowoozo bya Al-Qeda ne kyongera okwesiga enziko ku amagye ag'enjawulo. Kino kyagoberera obukulembeze bw'omu bizinga bya Pakistan ne mu biwaŋŋanda z'ebiti bya Pakistan.

Obukodyo obw'okuggyawo obukulembeze mu kibiina kya Isilamu (ISIS) bweyongera okuwangula. Omukulembeze wa ISSIS Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi bwe yattibwa mu lulumba olw'eggwanga lya Busuuli mu mwaka gwa 2019, bwalaga nti U.S. yali akyasobola okuba n'amagezi n'amaanyi mu bya ggye. Okutta abantu nga kuyitira mu lutalo olw'ennamba ya ISSIS Calistrate mu Iraq ne Suriya. Okumala ekiseera, okuttana kwaleetawo obuwaŋŋanwa obungi obwa U. Okutta abantu bano okwakolebwa kwalaga obuwanguzi n'obukulembedde obwa kaweefube okusobola okumanyibwa mu nkola eya kCUIS-Baghdadi, nga bugasse obungi bw'obuwagizi obwa kkopi obw'enkola ya kCUltive.

Ebizimbe Ebizingirwamu mu Nsi Yonna n’Obukessi

Mu myaka egyaddirira ssekunala, okukolagana okw'ensi yonna kwali kwa maanyi nnyo. Ekitongole kya Amerika eky'eby'Eby'obutunzi mu nsi yonna, ekyateekebwawo enkola eya Global Coalition to Defest ISIS, nga kino kirimu abantu abasukka mu 80, kyayoleka engeri ez'enjawulo ez'okugatta amawanga agamu mu kabi. Wadde nga wayiseewo ekiseera, okulondoola obutujju n'okulondoola obutujju bw'eby'obutujju kyafuuka kintu kya maanyi nnyo. Ebitongole bya Bannakyewanda bya Amerika ebyateekebwa wansi w'obuyinza obwa PTTIOT Act n'ebiragiro bya baaweebwe, ne bireetawo ebyambisibwa mu ttala ez'eby'eby'eby'enfuna, era ne bawaliriza okukendeeza ensalo ku by'eby'eby'enfuna ebya bannalukalala ebyanguyinjanguyiti.

Ebizibu Ebiva mu Kukozesa Amaanyi

Wadde ng'obukodyo obufuga enkola eyo bulaga nti waguddewo empandika, olukalala lwayo luba lwa maanyi nnyo. Eky'okuyiga ekikulu ekiraga nti oluvannyuma lw'emyaka 9 oba11, obuwanguzi tebwewalika mu ngeri ez'obukujjukujju. Emirundi mingi, enkola ezikozesebwa okusobola okuwangula amangu, zivaamu ssente nnyingi okusinga emiganyulo egyasooka.

Olutalo Iraq: Olutalo olw’Eby’Obunnakyemalira

Ekiragiro ekigambe eky'okuyingira Iraq mu 2003 kye kisinga okuvaamu obuzibu mu ntambula y'eggwanga. Okulumba okusaasaanyiziddwa okwo kwasendebwa olw'amaanyi atali matuufu ku bikwata ku byamasasiro n'enkolagana ezirabika obulungi wakati wa Saddam Hussein ne Al-Qaeda, byaggula akabokisi ak'obutebenkevu. Okugoba amagye ga Iraq n'ekika kya de-Bataasettu, kyaleetawo enkola ey'amaanyi ey'okwerinda n'ekidibinja kya bannaakyewato, ebitendekebwa wakati wa Sadfam Hussefish n'abalwanyi abatendekebwa. Al-Qeda mu Iraq mu Iraq (AQI), ekibinja ekyali tekiriwo mu buzibu buno era n'obukyayinja bw'obukyayinja bw'ensi yonna. Okugoba kwa maanyi kwa maanyi kwa maanyi okusobozesa okumanyibwa okuva mu ggwanga lya Basiraamu. [F: 00]

Entalo Emu n’Okutondebwa kw’Enzikiriza Empya

Okubeewanira ddala okw'amaanyi mu mmotoka ez'omu bbanga (engadde entambula ez'omu bbanga) ez'abayingiza okukuba ebibamba, naddala mu ntegeka ya Obama, kulaga ddala bulungi obukyakusifu obuli wakati w'enkola ez'enjawulo n'entalo ez'enjawulo. Droness zaleka Abamerika okulumba ebiwandulwa mu bitundu ebyesudde, Yemen, ne Somalia nga zirina obuzibu butono mu bannaazo mu Amereka ssettu. Kyokka, programu ekolebwa mu kitundu kya Amerika eky'omulembedde nga batabaganya n'ennamba ez'enjawulo, ebyaviirako okusiba ekiruyigo eky'amaanyi n'okuwakanya amagye. Okunoonyereza okwakolebwa mu Institute of University Brown kuteebereza nti abantu b'omu Amereka obunene basse abantu abangi ebiwandundu, nga basse abantu bangi ebiwayinja mu nsi endala oba nga babadde bawayingidde mu bibi ebiwayinjabinja ky'ebimu ebiva mu nsi ebiva mu bungi. Okunoonyereza eky'

Okusukkuluma ku Balala n’Okufiirwa Eddembe ly’Abalamu

Ku bikwata ku b'obuyinza n'okulabirira, enkola ennene ennyo ya bannakyewa okuviirako okukendeera okw'amaanyi ku ddembe ly'abantu. Okubikkulibwa kw'emikutu eminene egyasaasaanyizibwa National Security Agency (NSA), ebyabikkulwa Edward Snowden mu 2013, byaleetawo okukaayana ku by'okwegamyo n'obukuumi. Programudo z'ensi nga PRISM n'okukuŋŋaanyizibwa kwa ba ssissimu kwakkirizibwa n'enkola ya bannabyo mu kyakwekwekereza mu ngeri ey'okukumanya oba okulambula obulabi bw'empaka olw'ensonga ez'obuteebuzi. Abawagizi baakirizi baatirivunga nga bawakanya programu zino, nga balaga nti bye babadde bikuluwa olw'okutaasa obukusimu obwa nnamba mu nsi yonna, era nga n'okumenya obutengo bwa gavumenti z'abantu ab'ebyemyoyo obwa waggulu.

Obusosoze Obugenda Bukendeera: Okukyusiza Abalabe Abappya

Bannabyabufuzi ab'omu Amerika ne bannaabwe baakola kaweefube okulwanyisa omulabe: Al-Qaeda. Kyokka, akabi kaayingira mangu nnyo okusinga kannako.

Okuva ku Core Al-Qaeda okutuuka ku ssaayansi ayitibwa ISTER Calip Noever

ISIS yawa obujaasi obwali mu ssemazinga wa Busuuli ne Iraq, n'atwala ebifo eby'amaanyi, era n'alangirira nti alistra. Obutafaananako Al-Qaeda, eyalina ekigendererwa eky'okutta omulabe "ow'okumpi" (w'ebugwanjuba), ISSIS essira ku kuzimba ekitundu eky'eggwanga n'eky'okufuga. Kino kyabafuula eky'akabi eky'enjawulo, nga kikwetaagisa okusobola okuwangula olutalo wakati w'amagye ag'enjawulo (Ishmergast) ne mikwano gya Asie. Okuwangula kwa Sis mu 2019 kwali nga kutuuse ku buwanguzi kwa maanyi, naye tekwasaawo n'okusaawula endowooza z'abantu. ISSISSIS yakyusa amagye mu nsi yonna, ne Mozambique (Stalia, Mozambique) nga bayita mu Asiya (An-Escan) nga bayita mu bizibu bya Sis mu ngeri ey'okuyita mu bifo eby'okuyita mu bifo eby'okuva mu bifo eby'okuva mu bifo eby'okuva mu bifo eby'okuva mu bifo eby'okuva mu

Ettemu n’Ennyonyi mu Maka

Ekintu ekyasinga okuleetawo enkyukakyuka kwe kuba nti abantu baava ku nkola ey'okukuba bannaabwe mu nsi omu yekka era ne batandika okukola ebikolwa eby'obukambwe mu maka. Obulumbaganyi mu San Bernardo, Orlando, Nice, ne Berlin bwalaga nti tekisoboka n'obukulembezi bwa bannagezi okuziyiza buli muntu yenna agoberera enkola y'ekikungo. Internet yafuuka akiikirira ekifo ekikulu mu kuleetawo enkyukakyuka, n'eba ng'asussawo ekibiina. Okulumba okw'amaanyi kuleetera ebitongole eby'okulabira kutandika okukebera ebifa ku mapost-9/11 okuba nga si bya mugaso, kubanga buli muntu yenna tayinza kutuuka ku bantu era teyegombebwa kuba bulungi.

Leero, obulabe obusinga okusingibwa obulabe mu Amerika buva ku bannalukalala mu maka. FBI, olw'eggwanga oba olw'eggwanga, olw'obukugguzi (REMVE), kye kisinga okuba eky'obutujju, era kye kiviiriddeko obulumbaganyi bwa bannalukalala obw'amaanyi mu U.S. . . .ebutundu obwakolebwa ku Walmart mu El Paso, Texas (209), obulumbaga bw'Omuti gw'obulamu mu Pittsburgh (208), era n'okubukuba ebisaatiro mu kibuga Cquast Butuleal Butule (19959, nga bunaakolebwa n'abamenyi b'abantu abangi) buggumiza ensonga eyo. Obuzibu obuvanjufu mu ggwanga eri'obusosoze obunene bukolebwa mu nsi ya Almacrath buzitootaat'ebwebweru, obutuufu bw'obutuufu bw'obulombolombo obutuufu bw'obutuufu obutuufu bw'obutuufu obutuufu obutuufu

Okulowooza ku Bifo Ebikulu Ennyo: Bye Tuyigamu Ebirungi

Mu bwekenneenyezza makumi abiri ag'emyaka egivudde ku nkola ya bannalukalala, kiraga nti kibadde kyetaagisa okuddamu okunoonyereza ku ngeri gye kiyinza okukolebwamu. Ekiragiro kino kituuse ku sipiidi ya maanyi mu lutalo olw'ensi yonna. Council on Foreign Relations[ ] ennukuta, U.S. ezimaze obuwumbi n'obuwumbi bwa doola mu bungi bwa doola nga zikola ku by'obutujjufumu okuva mu 9/11, kyokka abavuzi b'eby'obufuzi obusinga okubulinako akadde n'obusososososososo.

Emirimu gy’Amaggye

Kye tuyigamu kiri nti, okutta abatujju tekimala kukwata bulwadde bwa bannalukalala naye kireetawo okusoomooza okutali kumu.

Ekintu Ekiviirako Ebintu Okubaawo

Ekiragiro kino kitegeeza okuwanirira ebitundu by'ensi eby'eby'obulamu ebitalina mugaso. Ekiragiro kino kitegeeza okuwagira entegeka y'abantu ab'omu nsi eyo esobola okuzzaawo obubaka obulaga nti tewali maanyi gayinza kukwatagana. Programu ezissa essira ku okugattika n'okuteeka mu nkola eby'obuyigirize, obuteeyambi mu by'obulamu, n'okukulaakulana mu by'enfuna. Ekiragiro Denmark Aarhus kye kissaawo enteekateeka ey'okugonjooza abalwanyi bannagla abawagizi bannaggyo, nga essira ku ku kubuulirira n'okubuwanjula omulimu mu kifo ky'okugunjulira ddala. Enyigobereza enkola eno ereetagoberezebwa obugoberezebwa obugo, so si kyakulabirako eky'ekizibu ekigobeetaawo eky'okugobererwa obugobeegobererwa obugobeego.

Mu ngeri y'emu, Amerika eteekwa okuteekawo akakwate ak'okumanyisa n'okumanyisa obulungi ebyuma ebiragibwa okusobola okuyamba abatuuze okumanya n'okugaana ppokopoko anti enkola ku Internet. Kino kyetaagisa okukolagana ne kampuni ez'eby'ekika okusobola okusemba ebigambo eby'obukyayi mu ngeri nti kissa ku buwaze obw'enneekusifu. Kikolwa eky'enkola eky'amaanyi ennyo okusobola okweyimirizaamu n'okutaaganya ebiba ku bwongo. Naye kiyinza okuwanirira okumanyisattulira ddala enfunda n'okusala ku by'obw'okulabira akazuukunukkulizo.

Okuwa Obukuumi n’Eddembe ly’Abamwenzi Ekiruubirirwa

Ekiragiro ekifuga abafuzi kiteekwa okusobozesa enzivuunula y'obudde okusobola okuzuula akabi. Tekisobose okusobola okufuna obukulembedde 100 ssoosaya nga tekuli kukyusa emitindo gya demokulase. Ekiragiro ekitwala ennyo abantu mu nsi z'ebugwanjuba oluvannyuma lw'obudde bwa 9 oba 11 kibana okuteekebwako obukwanguyiriza okusobola okufuna eddembe n'obutujju. Ebirango ebikwata ku bukuumi bw'eby'obulaguzi, n'okukajja obukajja obugazi ku by'amagezi (nga mu lukiiko lwa projeeteement), n'okulambulalala okw'enjawulo kwetaagisa okuddamu okwesiga abantu bonna. Gavumenti bwe eyogera ku bantu ng'ebirowootoogo ebiyinza okukolebwako obuteeyambisibwa obuteeyambisibwa obululu, n'amateeka agafuga enkola ya bannalukalala ebireeteempalaanyisikebwa ba Bannabuganda.

Okwogera n’Abawombeefu, Obusobozi, n’Endowooza Ennuŋŋamu

Omuntu okusobola okweyimirizaawo, yamanya nti ensi ezigenda okulumba abantu nga tezigenderedde kukola bintu bibi. Twayiga nti okulumba amagye nga galina ekigendererwa eky'amaanyi, kyokka kyavaamu ente ennene. Twakitegeera nti obuwanguzi bwa maanyi nnyo mu by'obufuzi ne mu ndowooza z'abantu. Twayiga nti okukuba ebiwayi bya gavumenti ne mu ngeri enneekusifu, kya kabi nnyo.

. Kusobola okumanyisa obukodyo obusobola okugonjoola n'okusoomooza kwa bannalukalala. Bulina okuteekawo obukujjukujju, obutuufu n'obuwombeefu[. Bulina okwawulawo wakati w'obutujju obulaga nti obutujju obukola ebintu nga bannabyabufuzi, n'okusoomooza okusingawo mu bya bufuzi, ebyo ebyetaagisa okukolagana n'okukolagana n'eby'obufuzi. Biteekwa okukugira obuteekulembeze mu by'enkola ya demokulase mu by'enkola, ne mu kukuuma emitindo gya demokulase. Eby'enkalakkalira y'enkalakkalira ebyabibwa mu lutalo mu nsi yonna ebimaze emyaka ebiri egiyise, ebigula ebiseera naye nga tebituuse ku buwanguzi. Obukulembeze bw'eby'eby’obufuzi obuddako, n'okuwangula obusingawo kusobola okuwangula mu kulwanyisa bya bannalukalala bya bufuzi, naye ne mu nsi entegeka z'eby’obufuzi eby'ebyagoobumenyi eby'ebyo ebigenda okugobeeba bigo.