Ebiriwo mu Lulimi Olugobererwa

Ennyanjula y'Etteeka lya Amerika teyava mu butaka; yava ku kuteesa okw'amaanyi, okwawukana ku by'obufuzi, era n'okukola eby'ennimi mu ngeri ey'enjawulo mu mwaka gwa 1787. Olukuŋŋaana lwa ssemateeka mu Firadefiya lwalina omulimu munene okuggyawo Ebitundu eby'Ennyogovu ne bitandika okufuga ensi. Olulimi lwa sitaputal lwayoleka ebigendererwa by'obuyinza bwa gavumenti mu ngeri eya bulijjo gye yandituukana n'abatuuze era n'okukakasa nti enteekateeka y'okugezesa mu by'eggwanga lino.

Gouverneur Morris, eyali avudde e Pennsylvania era ng'alina ekirabo eky'ebigambo ebitegeerekeka obulungi, atwalibwa okuba nga ye yasinga okuwandiika ebigambo ebya 'Freagly'. Okuva ku kakiiko ka Treadi, Morris yalina obuvunaanyizibwa okusengeka olulimi olw'enkola nga tennaba kuteekebwawo. Yakyusa olukalala olw'amateeka okusobola okumanyibwa. Yakyusa olubuyamo lw'eby'amateeka olutandika n'ekigambo eky'amaanyi "Twebwe" nga ebyafaayo biwandiikiddwa, nga ebyafaayo ebisooka bisoma nti, "Tweebwo ab'amawanga ga New Hampshire, Massachusetts" n'eb'ensonga endala ezimanyiddwa ennyo, okukyusiza mu ku ku kuutiranti y'eggwanga emu, so si ku kiwandiiko eby'ebyakulaafu. Ekiragiro kino kyassibwawo mu n'ensonga enkulu ey'ensonga enkulu ennyo okuva ku nsonga enkulu.

Olulimi olusooka era lwakozesebwa ku biwandiiko ebyayamba okuleetawo endowooza y'eby'obufuzi mu Bulaaya. Olufuluma lwa Magna Carta (1215) lwatandikawo endowooza ey'okusalako obuyinza bwa gavumenti n'okuteekawo obufuzi bw'amateeka. Lufulumya lw'enkuudo z'amateeka era ne lubuwandikira abatuuze. Ekiragiro kya gavumenti ekyawandiikibwa mu kiseera kya Revolution ya Amerika, nga Virginia Declaration of Rights (1766), kyalimu ebigambo ebikwata ku kigendererwa kya gavumenti. Okusobola okuzza ebiwandiiko bya gavumenti nga [FL:]

Butundu Obusobola Okunnyonnyola Obukulu bw’Ebigambo Ebisooka

Buli kigambo mu Pregear kirina obunene bw'amateeka n'obufirosoofo. Bwe tutegeera ensonga zino kinnoomu, tumanya okwolesebwa okw'amaanyi abalabi kwe baafunira obuvunaanyizibwa bwa gavumenti. Ebigendererwa mukaaga ebyateekebwa ku Pregear tebyakoma buteerevu ku kunoonyereza ku nsonga; biyamba mu kunnyonnyola ebitundu ebiddako eby'amateeka n'ebinaalongoosebwa.

“ Ffe Abantu

Ebigambo bino ebiggulawo kye kikolo ekikulu mu byafaayo bya Amereka. Bikakasa nti obuyinza bw'amateeka busibuka mu bantu butereevu, si mu ggwanga oba mufuzi yenna. Okulonda "Ffe" mu kifo kya "Ffe, twateekebwawo" oba "Ffe, abakiikirira" kye tusalawo okukola ebiwandiiko nga bassenti mu Amereka bonna. Ekiwandiiko kino kyambiddwa mu mateeka agafuga enkumi n'entalo ez'ebyobufuzi okukakasiza ddala omusingi gwa demokulase. Era kiba kitegeeza nti gavumenti y'ereeteeredde abantu era n'ebabuuza gye bali. Enjolaaza bulungi obuvunaanyizibwa obw'okusobozesa abantu okuteeka ku nkola y'obufuzi obw'ekika ekya waggulu mu Amerika, nga bateekawo obuyinza obw'enkomeredde ddala mu mikono gy'omu kkooti enkulu.

"Okusobola okukola endagaano ezituukiridde"

Abakola ku nkyukakyuka mu kiwandiiko kino baamanya nti Union Union ekyaliwo wansi wa zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi

"Ettabish Tsungaz'obwenkanya"

Obwenkanya kye kigendererwa ekisooka ekyateekebwa ku lukalala, ekiraga omusingi gwabwo omukulu. Abakola olukalala baali bafaayo nnyo ku kutandikawo enkola ya kkooti n'amateeka ebyandibadde eby'obwenkanya, ebitajjulukuka, era nga tebisosola. Mu mpano zino, tewaaliwo lukalala lwa gavumenti, era n'okuyomba wakati w'abatuuze b'amawanga ab'enjawulo. Ekiragiro kino kitegeeza okukolebwa kwa kkooti enkulu, nga mw'otwalidde ne Kkooti enkulu, era n'okukuteekako amateeka agakwata abantu bonna mu mateeka. Ek'ensonga zino tezisobola kuba nga zisobola kwetongodde mu ngeri ennukko y'ensonga ez'ensonga ez'enjawulo ezikwata ku ddembe ly'eggwanga. Ekiragiro kino kisobozesa abantu okukubagattira ddala amateeka mu byafaayo bya Amerika.

"Insola Kukola mu Maka"

Shay's Revolution mu 1786 kyayoleka bulungi obwetaavu bw'okussaawo gavumenti ey'amaanyi esobola okukuuma emirembe mu nviiri zaayo. Ebigambo "Resulting the faumed" biraga nti abatumbula obutebenkevu mu maka baagala okuziyiza obusambattuko, ettemu, n'obukuubagano wakati w'amawanga. Biwa gavumenti amaanyi okuziyiza obukyayi n'okukakasa nti amateeka gabeera ku ntegeka bibala bya ggwanga. Kino kye kifuula obuyinza bwa Prezidenti w'eggwanga okusimba amatwale amatwale, era n'omulimu gwa gavumenti okuwagira etteeka erifuga. Era kiba kitegeeza nti alina obuvunaanyizibwa obw'okugonjoola ebiviirako okusoomooza mu by'enfuna by'eby'enfuna, gamba ng'obutalimu, wadde nga mu kifo kyennyini eky'obuvunaanyizibwa bw'obuvunaanyizibwa obubadde bubuwanjukizibwa.

"Kitegekebwa okulaba nti enkumbo ez'oku nukuta ezitera okukuumibwa"

Ekintu ekyaleetera ensi eyo okutuukibwako obulabe mu mwaka gwa 1787. Ebitundu ebyagattibwa ku kakiiko akafuzi byaviirako ensi okutuukibwako obulabe obw'enjawulo, nga tewakyaliwo ggye oba enkola esobola okugattika obujaasi mu magye. "Prease forcutment" biwa gavumenti obuyinza okuteekawo amagye era n'okuwagira abasirikale, okuzimba eggye lya ssemaanyi, era n'okukola ebintu ebirala ebyetaagisa okukuuma eggwanga okuva ku balabe baayo. Ekiragiro kino kye musingi gwa samateeka mu U.S.

"Kwatawo olukusa olwa bulijjo"

Oboolyawo ebigambo ebiwaatirizidwa ennyo mu Pregear, "Premote for fault" binnyonnyoddwa mu ngeri ez'enjawulo. Abakola ebigambo ebyo baategese okuba ebigambo bingi ebikwata ku buvunaanyizibwa bwa gavumenti obw'okutumbula obutuuze, si bibinja ebitonotono oba ebitundu ebiwerako. Kyokka, si buyinza bwa gavumenti obwabwe buwandiikiddwa mu Kakiiko akafuga, ekitundu 8. Ebigambo ebyo bikozesebwa ng'omutindo ogukubiriza amateeka agakwata ku by'entebe, obuyigirize, obuwangwa, n'enteekateeka ez'eby'abantu bonna. Kkooti enkulu ekkiriza nti "Greebal Belletinty" (Kasita tey'ayinja mu kampuni "Speak'ewandikibwa akabulimu era n'okusasula emisolo gy'obulungisisitemu nga bwe butaba nga bumenya amateeka amalala amalala amalala agafuga. Kkokko kikkiriza okumanyisaamu enkola y'enkola mu gavumenti nyingi naye nga tegakyusa y'enkola mu mateeka. Kko y'ensonga eyo era n'eyo agikkiriza okugo. Kko agikkiriza okugo a

"Kuumanga Emikisa gy’Eddembe"

Ekigendererwa ekisembayo mu nkalala y'emboozi eno kwe kukebera n'okulabirako ebyadda emabega. "Mutereeze emikisa gy'eddembe" mukikkiriza nti eddembe busika obw'omuwendo obufunibwa okuyitira mu Nkyukakyuka. Abakola baawunzifu okusobola okukuuma eddembe erituwa ate nga "ye kennyini".[] Buli omu ku mulembe guno ogubaawo kati era n'emirembe egijja. Emboozi eno era eraga nti eddembe teri kubulako bukuumi naye era nga likwetaagisa okukugira obukulembezi, okwawula amaanyi, okwawula amaanyi, n'enkwawula z'enkwaso. Ennyiriri era zikwataganya amateeka n'obufirosoofo, naddala endowooza za John Locce, ezigamba nti gavumenti esobola okukuuma eddembe ly'abantu kinnoomu.

Ennyanjula ng’Essaawa ey’Okuyingiramu Ekibiina

Olulimi olukozesebwa mu Pregear terunnyonnyola mirimu gya gavumenti yokka; era lukubiriza abantu okwenyigira. ebigambo ebiggulawo bigamba nti: “Ffe Abantu" tulina okugattibwa ku bantu abateekwa okusigala nga bakola n'obunyiikivu okusobola okukuuma obutuuze. Pregear ajjukiza omulembe guno nti demokulase si mulimu gwa maanyi naye buvunaanyizibwa bweyongera. Amasomero n'ebibiina by'eggwanga bitera okukozesa ennyanjula y'obusika ng'egamba ku busika, eddembe ly'abantu, n'obuvunaanyizibwa.

Engeri y’Okuyigiriza Okutuufu

Eri abasomesa n'abayizi, ennyanjula eno ewa ensonga ennyimpimpi mu kuyiga kwa gavumenti ya Amereka. Ennyiriri zaayo omusanvu ziyinza okukwatibwa bukwasi, okubuulirirwa, era ne zikubagana ebirowoozo mu bibiina ebitali bimu mu nsi. Obuyigirize bw'eggwanga bungi bukubiriza abayizi okuwandiika ebiba bisookerwako mu bifo ebiteeberezebwa obuteeberezebwa, ebibamba, obukkakkakka, obukkakkati, obudduukirize, n'eddembe. Enzivu mu bigambo bya Preging'enkola, ebigambo ebibassa mu bifo ebya bulijjo bikola ng'ebiragiro, ebisinziirwako. [[FLT:]][FLT] Biribrary of Congresssssss, biwandikira mu bifo ebikulu mu by'ebyo ebiwandibwa mu byafaayo ne mu mpaka z'empaka z'eby'ebyalo.

Okunnyonnyola Obusobozi bw’Okusala Omusango n’Enkomerero

Wadde nga Preagegery kitera okwogerwako mu kkooti z'amateeka, kkooti zigamba nti tewawa gavumenti ntegeka yonna mu Mateeka oba nga nnawookeera yokka. Mu ngeri y'emu, kkooti enkulu bw'egamba mu Jacobson v. Massachusetts[[[FL:1]] (1905], okutandikawo tekutegeeza gavumenti nti tewa buli gavumenti eteekeddwa mu buli kifo kyonna mu Mateeka. Kyokka, ekola ng'eraga obulagirizi obugitakwata ku mateeka. Njigiriza y'ekirango, abalamuzi gye basobola okutegeerera ekigendererwa ky'amateeka. Ng'ekyokulabirako, singa abeekenneenya obunene obwa Claus, omulamuzi ayinza okutunuulira ekigendererwa eky'okulonda ebiwandiiko ebifuga byonna okusobola okumanya oba okulonda oba okuteeka mu nkola emitindo egigo. Empandikiro eyo y'ensonga eziba nga teyenkanankanankanankanankanankanankana n'enkola y'obulango. Ekiragiro ekitongole ekiragiro ekiragibwa mu mateeka ekyo tekiyinza okumanyisa obutuufu mu mateeka.

Okunoonyereza ku Mulembe n’Okukukozesa

Mu kyasa ekya makumi abiri n'ekisooka, olulimi lw'abagenyi lweyongera okuwulirwa mu byoogezi bya bufuzi, okukuba obukugu mu bya bufuzi, n'obukugu. Ebigambo byalwo biddiŋŋanwa mu mikolo egikolebwa ku bizimbe, ebikubisibwa abakulembeze b'ebyobufuzi, era n'ebyajulizibwa abakulembeze b'ebyobufuzi. Era enkola y'enkola y'obuwangwa bw'abantu (okuva ku ddembe ly'obuntu okutuuka ku kkalu, obukola ng'ebigendererwa by'Etteeka.)

Okukubagana Amaanyi ku Makulu Agatasooka ne ku Kunnyonnyola okw’Omu Kiseera Kyonna

Abayivu n'abalamuzi tebakkiriziganya ku buvunaanyizibwa obusingawo obuyinza okukozesebwa mu kunnyonnyola olukalala lw'amateeka. Abakugu ab'edda bagamba nti amakulu g'ekiwandiikizo kino gateekeddwa ku ntegeera ey'ebyafaayo eya 1787-1789. Ennyiriri nga "general Welfare" ziteekwa okutegeerwa okusinziira ku musingi gwa digiti ya XX. Abalina okutunuulira ekifo eky'enkola eya gavumenti mu kufuga mulembe eriko. Abalina okuziteekako nga bannassawo olukalala olulala, ne batunuulira emitindo gy'amateeka egya bulijjo egiyinza okutuukana ku mbeera empya. Balaga ebigambo "Aatuukirira" ng'obujulizi obulaga nti Amateeka gaategekebwawo okutereeza n'okugaziwanjula. Empakano terinaako obutuufu; era terina kakyungi eri wakati w'ebiwandiiko eby'eby'eby'eby'eby'obujjanjanjanjanjabibwa, n'enkola enfuga za ggwanga. Empala y'olupapula ezo zombirimu zigo zigo ze ziggula okusobozesa okunnyonnyola ensonga eziggula okusobozesa oku

Engeri Gye Twakozesaamu Obulamu bw’Abantu mu Bitundu by’Ebyawula n’Ebya Bukyamu

Abakulembeze okuva ku George Washington okutuuka ku kiseera kino bajuliza ennyanjula mu ndagiriro ez'okuggulawo, Eggwanga ly'obutebenkevu mu ndagiriro za Union, n'endagiriro endala enkulu. Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address, wadde nga teyajuliza butereevu ebiri mu Pregegear, bye yayogera ebikwata ku ddembe n'obumu. Mu kiseera kyaffe, empandika y'okutandikawo ekozesebwa okulaga nti buli kintu kyonna kikkirizibwa okuva ku ku kukolebwa mu Kitongole ky'obukuumi mu ntebenke. Olulimi lwago lwe lulabibwa mu mateeka, ebigambo ebikolebwa mu baawundiikiina, ne ku biwandikiro bya bannakyewa. Ekkirizo, okussaako okutunuulira n'okumanyisa okw'eby'eby'obufuzi, n'okunoonyereza okw'obuteeyambi ng'ebyo ebiva mu ku by'okebeewa. [F][0][5][3][3]

Okwogera Olulimi Olutannatandika Kukomekkerezebwa: Amaanyi Agataggwaawo

Ennyanjula y'Etteeka erifuga Amerika ekyalimu ebigambo ebyangu okutegeera ebituufu era eby'okuwandiika. Ebigambo byayo ebirondeddwa obulungi ebituukiriza ebigendererwa ebiwerako: baateeka amateeka mu bantu nga bamenya ebigendererwa bya gavumenti, era nga bawa ekiragiro eky'okubeera abatuuze ab'ekiseera kyonna. Olulimi lwa bannaalutandika lwe lweyongoze bulungi nga basobola okukulembera eggwanga eriva ku ttwale lya bannaalu ne ligenda mu ggwanga ery'amaanyi ennyo, era n'emitindo gyalyo ne gibeeyongera okubuusibwa obukyayi mu mitawaze olw'obwenkanya, obukuumi, n'eddembe.

Eri abayizi, abasomesa, n'abantu, okuyiga Pregear tekuba kutegeera kw'edda bumanya. Kukubiriza kulowooza ku mbeera z'abantu ze twagala okuzimba era n'obuvunaanyizibwa bwe tulina ng'abantu abeetwala okuba abafuzi. Pregeager atugamba okulowooza ku obanga tuli bumu mu ngeri etuukiridde, oba nga tuteekawo obwenkanya, era oba nga tufunye emikisa gy'entegeka ez'enjawulo. Mu kiseera eky'enjawukana mu by'obufuzi era ne mu nkyukakyuka ez'amangu, olulimi lwa Pregeing luwa ebigambo bya Pregay lutujjukiza nti obufumbo bw'Abamerika bweyongera okuziganya obutereezebwa, era nti obuwanguvu mu ku buwanguzizo bw'abo abeewa erinnya "Abantu]