Amerika n’Olulago Olulungi olw’Okutaano: Okutabagana n’Emirembe

Endagaano Ennungi ey'oku Lwokubiri, eyasaanibwa nga 10 Apuli 1998, y'emu ku mirembe egyava mu makomera g'ekyasa ekya 20. Yakoma mu mambuka ga Northern Ireland(a).Emyaka asatu egy'obwannabyabufuzi obwayonoonebwa nga "Ebizibu""(ebyatta abantu 3,500 era ne bilekawo obusika obw'enjawukana ez'amaanyi mu bantu. Wadde nga mu nkomerero endagaano eyo yali ekiva mu mulimu ogw'amaanyi ogwakolebwa gavumenti za Bungereza ne Irland ne ebibiina by'ebyobufuzi ebya Northern Ireland, United States kyeyakola mu kuleetawo embeera ez'obuwanguzi. Eby'obufuzi by'eby'enfuna by'ensirimu, ebikulembeddwa mu Amerika, ebiwagirwa waggulu, byasobozesa amaanyi n'okwesigamya omulimu ogw'enkala okuva mu ku kweggyako omuliro.

Okutegeera obunene bw'enkola ya Amerika kitwetaagisa okutunula mu bifo ebirala nga tuyita ku mmeeza y'e Belfast esembayo. Washington yasobozesa abafuzi ba Amerika n'Amerika okufuna obuyinza ku bintu bingi, era n'okukozesa eby'okukozesa okuva ku kutegeeza abantu nga banyigivu mu kifo ekisirifu okutuuka ku kuba nti waliwo omubaka ow'enjawulo. Ekitundu kino kikola ku byafaayo by'Amerika, engeri ez'okubeesamba, n'obukodyo bw'emirembe obwaliwo mu Northern Ireland.

Ebyafaayo: Emyaka egy’Obukuubagano n’Emibuvumo Ebyagwa butaka

Okusobola okutegeera ekifo ekya Amerika, omuntu alina okusooka okutegeera obukyayi mu ntalo ezo. Ebizibu byasaasaana mu myaka gya 1960, era ne birondera amagye g'omulembe guno (obusinga obungi obunene mu magye ga Ireland, oba IRA) n'endwadde ez'amaanyi mu Amerika. Ensonga enkulu zaali njjulukufu za gavumenti: Abakatuliki (abasinga Abakatuliki) baanoonya Ireland nga bali bumu, ate bo abatuuze b'obuwagizi (nga Abapolotesitanti) ne bagezaako okusigala mu United Kingdom.

Okugezaako okukola ku nsonga z'eby'obufuzi ebyakolebwa mu 1973 byagwa. Association Sunningdale Auniverse owa 1973 bwe yagwa. Association eya Anglo-Irish eya 1985 yalongoosebwako okukolagana wakati w'ennyiriri eziwera naye nga tekomye ettemu. Mu matandika ga 1990, olutalo lwatuuka ku mulembe. Abargympic ne amagye ga redali gaamanyidde nti tebasobola kutuukiriza biruubirirwa byabwe nga bali bokka, era gavumenti za Bungereza ne Irland zaategeera nti enkola ey'obukuumi ey'okutuukiriza obusokeerezi tekkirizibwa. Ebyamattuusibwa byatandika kuggulawo, naye nga tebirimu. Ebibinja by'aweeyambi ebyo byamanyibwa mu nsi zaanyezebwa bulungi mu United States.

Empisa z’Abamerika Zikyukakyuka

Gavumenti ya Amerika yasigala nga yeesembye nnyo emikono, ng'egoberera obukulembeze bwa gavumenti ya Bungereza. Abatunzi b'Amerika ab'omu Ireland baayimba mu kaagaali aka waggulu nga mw'ekibiina kya Isirayiri. Kyokka, kyeyongera okuba eky'okuyimba nga mw'otwalidde ne Sinator Edward Kennedy, Sweer Tit O’Neill, ne Gavana w'Amerika. Gavana Hugh Carey(* yajja mu kifo eky'amaanyi mu Amerika. Yamaliriza okukomyawo omutemwalo gwa prezidendenti Bill Clinn mu 1993 okuwa Ubreas Gerrys, omukulembeze wa Sin Féin, ekiwande ky'ebyobufuzi bwa IRA. Gavumenti ya Bungereza yawakanya okulabula nti, era nti yandyeenyigidde mu ettemu. Naye ate ye ne bawabuzi we Adamn ne baaw alaba omukisa okulekawo n'okuva mu bya bufuzi ne bannalukalala.

Era kyayoleka bulungi nti okuteesa ku nsonga eyo, tekwali kweyawula ku balala.

Ebirimu Ebikulu Ebyakolebwa mu Kabiina k’Amerika

Abamerika okwenyigira mu kuleetawo emirembe baali bannabyabufuzi, si lwa kuba nti baali bayimbi bokka oba lwa lulimi lumu lwokka.

Obukulembeze obw’Ebigambo: Akakiiko ka Mitchell

Mu 1995, Prezidenti Clinton yalonda Mitchell okuba Omukulembeze w'eggwanga lya Amerika mu Northern Ireland. Omulimu gwa Mitchell gwali gwa maanyi nnyo: yasabibwa okukulira akakiiko mu nsi yonna akaasaza k'ebyokulwanyisa bya amagye. Gaateekebwawo gavumenti ya Bungereza mu kifo kya Sinn Féin mu Ireland ow'ebukiikakkono.

Mitchell yeeyoleka ng'omugumiikiriza, nga tasosola, era nga takoowa mu kwesamba ssematalo. Yakitegeera nti okugoba amagye tekwalina kugonjoolwa; kwali kwa kukkirizibwa mu maka ga bannabyabufuzi amanene. Ekiragiro kye kyavaamu ekiwandiiko ekitegeeza Mitchell Principles, ekyetaagisa ebibiina byonna okukituukiriza: nga mwegattidde ddala obumalirivu obw'okuleetawo emirembe, enkola eya demokulase, n'okumenyawo enkola za demokulase. Bino byafuuka omusingi gwa siriimu emirembe. Bakkiriza Sin Féin okutandikawo aw'okugoberawo okulwanyisa okulwanyisa entalo, wadde nga bakakasa obufumbo bwabwe obwa waggulu obwali mu nsi.

Mitchell oluvannyuma yaddamu okutuula ku kawyiro akaaleetawo Aguwation eya Good Lwokubiri. Obutuuti bwe obwatumbula obukugu mu by'obufuzi obwa waggulu(* okusala ku by'obutuuti munaana, awamu ne gavumenti za Bungereza ne Irland(] zaamuteekamu obwesige bwonna. Abatuuze ba Buyonaani baateeka obwesige mu Mitchell olw'obugumiikiriza n'obwesigwa bwe eri ebigenda okugobererwa.

Enkyukakyuka mu by’Eby’Eby’Eby’Enfuna: Ensimbi ey’Ensi Yonna eri mu Ireland

Wadde nga okukolagana okunene kwali kunene, Amerika era yawagira ebigambo byayo n'essente. Mu 1986, akakiiko k'Amerika kaayamba okutandikawo ensawo ey'ekitongole ekikola ku mirimu mu Ireland, ekigo ekiyamba mu kuyisa ebitongole bya Amereka, Canada, ne Bulaaya mu kuyita obukujjukujju mu mambuka ga ddundiro mu Northern Ireland ne mu nvirola enzibya ewandiikibwamu za Republic. Ensawo eyaweebwa okuziyimiriza omulimu, ebizimbe, ebizimbe, ne programu ez'okutabagana byawanyisa. Byawawawa obujulizi nti emirembe gireetawo ssente nga zivaamu obukubisibwa obuva mu buwerengo n'okuva mu buwerebwa emirimu.

Ng’akozeseza obutundutundu mu bifo ebimu ne mu mikisa gy’eby’enfuna, ssente ezo zaayamba okuggyawo enjawukana mu by’enfuna eyaleetawo enjawukana mu by’enzikiriza z’amadiini. Era zaategeeza amagye: Amawanga gonna gaali gateeseteese ssente mu biseera eby’omu maaso.

Okwenyigira mu Bukulembeze n’Okufuga

Prezidenti Clinton bwe yali amaliridde mu mirembe mu Northern Ireland, yagenda e Belfast mu 1995 ng'ayimiridde mu nkuba okusobola okukuba emikono n'ekibiina ky'abantu ab'eggwanga n'abo abaagala obutuuze. Emboozi gye mu maaso g'ekizimbe ekyo yaggumiza nti, mu Amereka tewaaliwo nteekateeka za bya bufuzi mu Northern Ireland, kyokka yali ayagala nnyo okulaba nti wabaawo emirembe. Okukyala okwo kwanyweza enteekateeka y'emirembe era ne kusobozesa buli ludda olwokka okuteekawo obwesige mu maaso.

Mu nnaku ezasembayo nga tekinnaba kutuuka ku Kivumenti kya Good Lwokubiri, Clinton kigambibwa nti yakubira abakulembeze b'ekibiina amasimu mangi, nga abategeeza obutava ku mmeeza etegeezanga ebinaakwatibwa. Yabagamba nti omulimu gwa prezidenti U.S. gujja kweyongera okwegatta ku mateeka. Kino kyalaga bulungi nti abantu bandituukiriziddwa, era nti bandituukiriziddwa, era ne batuuka ku siteegi ey'amaanyi. Ekitongole kya gavumenti kya U.S kiwandiika ku ngeri okusemba pulezidenti ya gavumenti gye yafuuka ensibuko y'amaanyi era n'okuzzaamu amaanyi.

Olukiiko Olulungi olw’Okutaano: Kye Lwavaamu

Endagaano eyo yali ntegeka ya nkola ya bya bufuzi. Yatandikawo gavumenti eya Desitulikiti n'egonjooka amatwale ga Bungereza ne Ireland. Ekiragiro ekyo kyatandikawo enteekateeka empya ezisobozesa okukolagana wakati wa Northern Ireland ne Ireland (Northern Southern Servant Conseil) era ne wakati w'ebizinga byonna ebya Bungereza ne Ireland (British-Irish Council). Ekiragiro kya Ireland kyasalawo okumenya amateeka agakireetera okumenya amateeka n'okuleka ekitundu kyayo mu Northern Ireland, era gavumenti ya Bungereza yakikakasa nti Northern Ireland ejja kusigalawo mu United Kingdom okuggyako nga wazzewo gavumenti y'ewatuuti .

Era endagaano eyo yalaga nti waaliwo okusoomoozebwa kwa maanyi okwali kwetaagisa abasibe ab'amaanyi okumenya amateeka ga Ireland; abargumenta baakkiriza nti obumu mu Ireland bwandivudde mu mirembe, ne mu nkola ya demokulase.

Okwenyigira mu Kitongole ky’Eby’Eby’Obusamize Oluvannyuma lw’omwaka 1998

Okussa omukono ku ndagaano eno eya Good Agument of Oguverone tewaali nkomerero ya nsonga.

Okuyakana n'okulabisaamu enfaanana y'ekiwandikiro

Pulezidenti George W. Bush yeeyongera okuwagira enkola eno wadde nga yali assibwako nnyo essira okusinga Clinton. Obukulembeze bwe yalonda Richard Haass okuba omubaka ow'enjawulo, eyayamba mu kukyusa ebitongole bya ba poliisi mu 1999 era oluvannyuma n'afuba okugonjoola enkaayana ezisigalawo ku masangano ga bya bufuzi. Mu 2010, Pulezidenti Barack Obama ne Mukulembeze w'obukulembeze Joe Biden baakyala mu Northern Ireland, ate U.S yeeyongera okuwa obuyambi bw'eby'eby'enfuna okuyitira mu Nyuma y'ensi yonna ey'e Ireland. Ssente eziwandiisanga ssente mu by'okuzzaawo emirembe nga omulimu ogw'okuzzaawo emirembe egya bulijjo [[FLT:]

Obuzibu bwa Brexit

Endagaano eyo yali yeesigamye nnyo ku nsalo eri wakati w'obukiika kkono bwa Ireland ne Ireland. Ab’ekibiina kya EU baateeka obulamu bwabwe mu nsalo ya Bulaaya, era ekyo kyateeka obulamu bwabwe mu kabi.

Nate, Amerika yakola kye kimu. Consell, naddala abo abaali bakolagana ne bannabyabufuzi mu Ireland, baakubiriza bannabyabufuzi ba Bungereza ne EU okukuuma emirembe. Pulezidenti Biden, ayogerako ennyo ku busika bwe mu Ireland era n'enzikiriza ye mu Kivumenti Ebyafaayo ku Lwakutaano, yakyoleka bulungi nti obusuubuzi bwonna wakati wa U.S.S. ne U.K. bwesigama ku ku kukuuma endagaano eyo. [[FL.0] Akakiiko akakwata ku Masitulikiti ga U.S. kakirabye nti okupikirizibwa ku Masibe gaaweebwe mu nsi eyo kwalina kye kwakola ekirengo kya kikola ku nkyukakyuka mu ntegeka y'obukiikako.

Bye Tuyigamu ku Bikwata ku Mize egy’Okusinza okw’Amazima

Ekikolwa eky'okutaano mu Amerika kiwa eby'okuyiga eby'enkalakkalira ebikwata ku kugonjoola obutakaanya. Ekisooka, kiba kiraga nti abazannyi b'emizannyo ab'ebweru bayinza okukkirizibwa okubaamu enneyisa ennungi nga tebalina kye basuubira mu Northern Ireland era nga tebeeyagaliza ggwanga lyonna.

Ekyokubiri, emirembe giraga obukulu bw'okugatta awamu obukujjukujju n'obusobozi bw'eby'obufuzi n'obwa mulwadde, nga ku siteegi. Ebyo Prezidenti Clinton bye yasala nga bw'assa eppangisa era n'okukuba essimu, byawagirwa n'omulimu gwa Senator Mitchell n'okukeberera eby'eby'enfuna mu nsi yonna. Buli kintu kyanyweza ebirala.

Eky’okusatu, endagaano eyakolebwa ku Lwokubiri tegonjoolebwawo bizibu byonna ebyamu mu Northern Ireland; naye tewajjawo mu kiseera ekyo wabula yeeyongera mu maaso n’okukwata omukolo gw’okuteeka omukono gwa Katonda mu nsi eyo.

Ekirala: Eky’Obusika eky’Olubeerera

Ne leero, ekiwandiiko ekiyitibwa Good Oguverday Aumbrition kikyali etteeka ekkulu erikwata ku Northern Ireland. Wadde ng’ekitundu kino kikyalimu okugaziyizibwa kw'eby’obufuzi, okukyukakyuka kw'omuwendo gw'abantu, era n’okusoomooza okutali kumu okw'ebbeeyi, emirembe gyokyagenda mu maaso.Amerika yeenyumiriza mu ngeri gye gyayambamu okuleetawo emirembe egyo.Okuviira ddala ku buvumu obw'okukwasa obujulizi Gery Adams, George Mitchell, omukulembeze wa Amerika yateekawo enjawulo.

Ebikwata ku Kivumenti kya Amerika ekyakolebwa ku Lwokubiri tekikoma ku kutegeera bukakafu obulaga nti abantu b'omu Northern Ireland be baayoleka obuvumu obw'amaanyi era ne bekkiriranya. Naye Amerika yateekawo ekitongole ekisobozesa obuvumu obwo okusaasaana. Ng'entalo bwe zeeyongera mu nsi yonna, ebyo ebibaddewo mu Northern Ireland bitujjukiza nti okukolagana n'okukolagana n'abantu abagumiikiriza awamu n'eby'obugagga, biyinza okutuuka ku buwanguzi ne mu mbeera ezikyasinze okuzibu. U.S. Obweyamo obutuufu eri endagaano ennungi ey'okugobeeyita mu kibiina ekipya tebwa kaweebweru; bwali bukakafu obulaga nti emirembe tegigwana mugaso.