Raje Sabra: Mmisiri Wamalonda a Padziko Lonse ku India

Malamulo a ku India a malonda ndi malonda apadziko lonse sapangidwa ndi Lok Sabha kapena nthambi ya akuluakulu. Rajiya Sabha, monga Upper House of Parme, amachita chisonkhezero chotsimikizirika ndi chotsimikizirika pa malamulo amene amalamulira ntchito ya zachuma. Pamene kuli kwakuti Rajiya Sabhaha imafotokozedwa kaŵirikaŵiri mogwirizana ndi matanthauzo a boma kapena ngati malo osinthira, mbali yake yeniyeni m'kayendetsedwe ka malonda, kutsimikizira mapangano, ndi kuwongolera malamulo a malonda iyenera kufufuzidwa kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ikupenda mmene malamulo a komiti ya Rajiya Sabba, ntchito, ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu otchuka amachitira ndi kukwaniritsa kugwirizana kwa India ndi malonda apadziko lonse.

Malamulo: Chifukwa Chake Raje Sabha Ali ndi Nkhani za Malonda

Raje Sabra wa ulamuliro wa malonda amachokera pa Nkhani 245-255 za Malamulo, amene amalongosola mphamvu ya Nyumba ya Malamulo yokhazikitsa malamulo pa nkhani za m'Union, kuphatikizapo “malonda akunja ndi malonda” (Tchenjezo 41) ndi“ maluso a ntchito za" (Msonkhano 83). Mosiyana ndi Lok Sabba, Rajiya Sabba satha safuna kutha, kuipatsa kupitiriza kumene kumalola kupenda kwambiri mapangano a malonda a nthaŵi yaitali. Ndiponso, pansi pa Mfundo 253, Pampando angapereke malamulo kuti atsatire mapangano a mitundu yonse ndi zipangano, koma kukhazikitsa kotero kaŵirikaŵiri kumafuna chivomerezo cha Nyumba zonse ziŵiri. Zimenezi zimatsimikizira kuti ntchito za Raja Sabba sab machita ntchito monga kuyang'ka malonda kwa anthu otchuka.

Masukulu Amitundu Yonse Oyang’anira: Ntchito Yosunga Chipata ya Raje Sabha

Imodzi ya ntchito zamphamvu kwambiri . ndi yosadziŵika bwino kwambiri . Ntchito za Rajiya Sabha ndi mbali yake m’kuvomereza mapangano a mitundu yonse ndi mapangano amene amayambukira malonda. Nthambi ya akulu ikambirana ndi kupanga zikalata zaudindo, koma zimene zikufuna kusintha malamulo a m’banja kapena kukhazikitsa malamulo a zachuma ziyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi Nyumba ya Malamulo. Rajiya Sabba, yoimira zolinga za mayiko, kaŵirikaŵiri imabweretsa malingaliro a zachuma ku gome. Mwachitsanzo, pangano la malonda limene limapindulitsa madoko a kugombe koma maboma a zaulimi a m’dzikolo angayang'anidwe kwambiri ku chigawo chapamwamba.

Kufufuza Nkhani: Mapangano a Malonda a Malo Ovomerezeka ndi Malamulo Oona za Ulemu

Kupenda kwa Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) ndi ASEAN , South Korea, Japan, ndi UAE posachedwapa, kukusonyeza zimenezi. Pamene kuli kwakuti Lok Sabha angapereke lamulo lokhala ndi chiŵerengero chake, komiti ya Rajiya Sabba imasonyeza ndalama zobisika kapena kusakhazikika kwa makampani. Mu 2022, Komiti ya Palamente Staiment on Commerce, yokhala ndi membala wa Rajaya Sabbaha, inafalitsa lipoti la FTA , kugogomezera mipata ya kuyambi ndi kutetezera makampani a zachuma. Malipoti, pamene kulibe osagwirizana, kachitidwe kawonedwe ka anthu ndi ka ka ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito yaudindo. Momwemo, Rajeshab Saab Speen Speneahene pa mkangano wa ku India ndi ku Ogwirizana ndi kuyendetsa ntchito zachuma (kunja) m'boma 20222222.

Kuti mupeze tsatanetsatane wa mmene kupanga pangano kwa India kumagwirira ntchito, onani [[FLT: 0] Unduna wa India wa Affairs on the contration provice .

Mphepo ya Raje Sabra ndi ya Malonda Amitundu Iwiri

Mapangano a India mu World Trade Organization (WTO) amafunikiranso kuchilikizidwa kwa malamulo a m'dziko. Rajiya Sabba watsutsana ndi ndalama zingapo za WTO zoyendera limodzi, kuphatikizapo za malonda, ufulu wa zachuma, ndi ndalama zothandizira ulimi. Mu 2017, Rajiya Sabba Sabha anapasa Act (Amendment) Bill kuti agwirizane ndi Trade Faciliation Active . Koma pambuyo pokambirana molunjika za malingana ndi malingana ndi malonda aang'ono ndi miyambo. Nyumbayo ikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo a Chommonsiti kuti apadziko lonse asavomerezedwe popanda kuyang'anizidwa kwenikweni.

Kuwononga Malamulo a Zamalonda a Panyumba Kaamba ka Kuloŵerera kwa Dziko Lonse

Pambuyo pa chivomerezo cha pangano, Raje Sabra amasintha kwambiri malamulo a m'nyumba amene amachirikiza malonda apadziko lonse. Malamulo ofunika monga ngati Customs Act, Treade Foreign Trade (Kusintha ndi Kusintha) Act, ndi Special Economic Zonements Act , kapena amasinthidwa ndi Nyumba ya Malamulo, ndipo malamulo a Rajya Sabba amawongolera zinthu zawo.

Malamulo a M’gulu la Akuluakulu a Malamulo ndi Miyambo

Madanga ndi chipangizo chachikulu cha zamalonda, ndipo kusintha kulikonse kwa miyambo kumafuna kusintha malamulo. Raje Sabba Sabha nthaŵi zonse amatsutsana ndi malamulo a za mafashoni, kuyang'anira zotulukapo za ndalama, kukhudza ntchito zapanyumba, ndi kutumiza katundu kwa ogulitsa. Mwachitsanzo, mkati mwa kudutsa kwa Bill ya Ndalama, 2023, Rajya Sabba adasintha njira zochepetsera ntchito pa zinthu zofunikira pa kupanga makampani a dzuŵa [1] adasintha zimene pambuyo pake zinasonkhezera malonda a mphamvu a Indiya okonzanso. Makomiti Osankhira Malamulo a Malamulo (Amend) Bill, 2021, adaperekanso pulatifomu ya makampani kuti apereke umboni, kutsogolera ku njira yothandiza kukonzanso kukonza zinthu zopanga zinthu zofunikira pa kampani yolimbana ndi mphamvu ya dzuŵa.

Malo Apadera a Zachuma (SAZ) ndi Kupititsa Patsogolo Ntchito Yotumiza Makampani

, Chikalata cha Special Zones Act, cha 2005, chomwe chimalamulira malo a ku India ogulitsa katundu, chinaperekedwa pambuyo pa mikangano yotentha m'Nyumba zonse ziŵiri. Rajiya Sabba, makamaka, anakakamizidwa kuti atetezedwe pa kugula malo, ufulu wa antchito, ndi kugawana ndalama pakati pa mayiko. Kubwezanso malamulo a SEZ ku SEZ Act kunkafuna chilolezo kuchokera ku Upper House, kulola Raje Sabba kuchokera ku maiko onga Maharashtra ndi Tamil Nadu kuchirikiza zisonkhetso za chigawo cha . Lerolino, lamulo lililonse la SEZ kapena kuswa msonkho wa makampani otumiza kunja kumaiko kudakali ndi kuyang'aniridwabe kwa Raji Sabba, kusonyeza chisonkhezero cha nyumba yosatsa malonda.

Ufulu wa Malo ndi Malonda Ongofuna Kufufuza

Malamulo ongopeka (IP) amakhudza mwachindunji malonda a mankhwala, maprogramu, ndi katundu waluso. Rajeya Sabba watsutsana pa ndalama zambiri za IP, kuphatikizapo Patents (Amendment) Act ndi Copyright (Amendment) Act. Mu 2020, Rajiya Sabba’s Department Komiti ya Makampani Ogwirizana ndi zamalonda inafufuza mphamvu ya malamulo a IP pa mabizinesi a ku India pansi pa WTO’S TRIPS Active . Zikalata zake zolimbikitsa zokakamiza zopereka zomangamanga zokakamiza zinavomerezedwa, kusonyeza mmene Nyumba Yapamwamba ingagwirizanirane ndi mfundo za dziko. Kwawo zambiri za IP, kuchezera IP, kuyenderana kwa bungwe la Indiya [F: 0] Officetian .

Makomiti Ofufuza za Malonda

Komiti ya Raje Sabra mwina ndiyo chipangizo chake champhamvu kwambiri chosonkhezera malamulo a malonda. Mosiyana ndi Lok Sabba, kumene makomiti angalamuliridwe ndi mamembala a gulu lolamulira, Raje Sabra kaŵirikaŵiri ali ndi makomiti a mbali yaikulu ya mtanda ndi makomiti a akatswiri. Makomiti a Chief akuphatikizapo:

  • Ifemu yogwirizana ndi Nyumba ya Malamulo ya Disiki pa Communistry : Kupenda ndalama zoloŵetsedwa m'malonda, kupenda zofuna za bajeti za Unduna wa Zamalonda, ndi kukonza malipoti a zamalonda. Ziŵalo zimaphatikizapo nthumwi za m'maiko okhala ndi madoko aakulu, malo ogulitsa, ndi malamba opanga.
  • Committee on External Affairs and Defence: Mapangano otsatsa malonda amene ali ndi mbali zotetezera, monga ngati kupezera zida kapena mapangano a malonda.
  • Sankhani Makomiti pa Mabuku a Zamalonda [1]: Oikidwa kaamba ka ndalama zapadera (mt., Trade Marks Bill, 2022), makomiti ameneŵa amaitana osungitsa ndi kupereka zikalata zatsatanetsatane.

Mmene Malipoti a Komiti Amakhudzira Malamulo

Chitsanzo chodziŵika kwambiri ndicho lipoti la 2021 la Palamente Stance Committee on Commerce on the Customs on the (Amendment) Bill. Komiti, yomwe ili pampando wa Raje Sabba, inalimbikitsa kufutukula mafotokozedwe a “anthu apamtima” potumiza malamulo osinthana ndi OECD. Boma linavomereza chivomerezo, ndipo kukonzanso kunaikidwa m'lamulo lomaliza. Zitsanzo zotero zikusonyeza kuti mphamvu ya Rajiya Sabba si mphamvu ya munthu wamba koma ya kutumiza malamulo a OECD.

Phunzirani zambiri ponena za ntchito ya makomiti a nyumba ya malamulo kuchokera ku webusaiti yalamulo [[FLT: 0] Rajya Sabba Sabha].

Kutsutsana, Kukonzanso Zinthu, ndi Mphamvu ya Kuchedwa

Pansi pa Mfundo 107 ya Malamulo, lamulo lingayambike m'Nyumba iliyonse, kusiyapo ndalama Bills. Mapepala a malonda amene saikidwa kukhala Malipilo a Ndalama (m' lekuatiso, kukonzanso kwa Malamulo a Trade, SEZ Act) angayambitsidwe mu Rajiya Sabba choyamba. Ngakhale ngati ndalama za ku Lok Sabba, Rajiya Sabata Sabha angawachedwetse kufikira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi (kapena, kukwaniritsa, ngati kulibe kulephera). Mphamvu imeneyi ikuluikulu ya boma kuti ikambirane, makamaka pamene gulu lolamuliralo lisoŵa anthu ambiri m'masewera m'mangira.

Zitsanzo za Raje Sabra Demendement ku Malamulo a Zamalonda

Mu 2019, mkati mwa kudutsa kwa Suppence Trade (Development ndi Regation) Bill, Raje Sabba anasintha zikalata zokhala ndi chilango champhamvu kwambiri za kutumiza malonda kunja ndi kulamula kuti abwezetse madongosolo otsatsa malonda zaka zitatu zilizonse. Boma linavomereza kukonza zimenezi pambuyo poima kwa kanthaŵi kochepa. Mofananamo, Rajiya Sabha anaumirira kuloŵetsa lamulo la kuloŵa kwa dzuŵa m'Malamulo a Russiation (Amedment) Act, 2021. Chikalatachi chija cha kubwezeranso msonkho wotayitsa ndalama zina pa makampani achilendo pambuyo pa kuimirira kwanthaŵi yofunikira kutsimikizira ogulitsa a mayiko. Zitsanzo zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti Sanhaha am'andements , siziri zachizindikiro zalamulo; iwo ali ndi chikalata chalamulo.

“ Kusintha Malo a Zamalonda”

Chikalata cha Raje Sabba cha [1] ziŵalo zosankhidwa ndi misonkhano ya boma ndi mamembala 12 ochokera m’magawo onga mabuku, sayansi, ndi ntchito za anthu . Kumabweretsa nthumwi ya ukatswiri m'nkhani za malonda. Mayiko okhoza kutchuka Rajiya Sabba amene ali ndi mbiri ya zamalonda, zachuma, ndi atsogoleri a makampani. Luso la luso limeneli limakhala pa makambitsirano a za malamulo, kutumiza ndalama, ndi kutsutsa. Mwachitsanzo, mkati mwa mkangano wa Innvernccy ndi Bankrupcy Code (IBC) zikalata zogwirizana ndi kudutsa kwa m'dansi ya , Rajabra Sabba ndi ziŵalo zalamulo zopereka mikangano pa kutchuka kwa maiko akunja, kusonkhezera mwachindunji ndi kutsutsana kwa mapepala a bungwe la Branch.

Kuyerekezera: Raje Sabra vs. Lok Sabha in Trade Legislation

Pamene kuli kwakuti Lok Sabba kaŵirikaŵiri imayendetsa njira ya malamulo ya malonda, Rajiya Sabba imatumikira monga chipinda choyeretsera. Tele 1 (osasonyezedwa mu HTML, koma yolongosoledwa) imayerekezera ntchito zawo: Lok Sabba akuyamba kuyambitsa njira zopezera ndalama (malamulo, ntchito za miyambo) pansi pa njira ya Ndalama Bill, pamene Rajiya Sabba amasumika pa malamulo a malonda a ndalama, zivomerezo, ndi kupenda kwanthaŵi yaitali. Rajiya Sabba sakhoza kukana Ndalama Bills koma angayamikire zikalatazo, zimene Lobhaha angavomereze kapena kukana. Mchitidwe wa boma kaŵirikaŵiri, Rajaya Sabra Sabbaab kuti apeŵe zakufa.

Ndiponso, khalidwe la Rajiya Sabba limatanthauza kuti limayang'anira malamulo a malonda panthaŵi ya kupuma kapena pambuyo pa kusweka kwa Lok Sabba, kutsimikizira kupitirizabe. Mwachitsanzo, m'chaka cha 2019-2024 REVREN chitatha kuwonongeka kwa Lok Sabha, Rajiya Sabhaha adapitiriza kukangana ndi Malamulo Osiyanasiyana a Malo Oona Mtima (Amendment Societies) Bill, amene anakhudza ntchito zaulimi. Kupitiriza kumeneku n’kofunika kwambiri pa malamulo a zamalonda omwe amafunika kuti ayendetse ntchito.

Mavuto Amene Alipo Panopa Ndiponso Malangizo Omwe Ali M’tsogolo

Kulinganiza Uchifumu ndi Kuloŵerera kwa Dziko Lonse

Chisonkhezero cha Raje Sabba chimakhala chachikulu makamaka pamene malamulo a malonda akhudza nkhani zamphamvu zonga ngati kutumiza chidziŵitso, malamulo a bungwe la zolembalemba, ndi kuteteza ndalama. Lamulo la kudzitetezera la chinsinsi la makompyuta, lofotokozedwa m'Nyumba zonse ziŵiri, lili ndi matanthauzo a malonda chifukwa chakuti limayambukira kudutsa kwa masamu chifukwa chakuti limaloŵetsamo Rayya Sabba kufunika kwakukulu kwa anthu a malonda a India. Makomiti a Raja Sabba achita malonda a WTO Conception pa Ecommer.

Malo Ovomerezeka

Otsutsa amanena kuti pangano la Rajiya Sabba n’lochedwa kwambiri, limaletsa Indiya kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za malonda mofulumira. Poyankha, boma layesa “kufunsa kwa palamente zapasadakhale,” likuitanira anthu a Rapya Sabba kuti alembe nkhani zisanayambe. Zimenezi zimalola kuti nyumba ya Upper House ilowetsepo popanda kukambirana. Kaundula, mwina kudzera mwa Komiti ya Pangano, angawonjezere ntchitoyi poteteza Rajiya Sabbaha.

Kuchititsa Kuonana Koyera

Malo ena owongolera ndi owonjezera a Rajiya Sabbaat komiti yopereka malipoti a malonda. Pamene kuli kwakuti malipoti awo amafalitsidwa pa Intaneti, zikalata zawo zimaikidwa m'mapeyinsi. Kufalitsa kwakukulu ndi kufalitsa kungathandize makampani ndi ogulitsa kuzindikira cholinga cha malamulo a malonda. Rajiya Sabbariat kuwongolera njira zopezera zipangizo zamakono, koma zambiri zingachitidwe kutsimikizira kuti zopereka za Nyumbayo zimvedwa mofala. Komiti yamakono ya Rajiya Sabra Sabra , yochezera [[FLT:] Saya Komiti ya za Sab Komiti Yoona.

Mapeto ake: Nyumba Yapamwamba Monga Nangula

Chisonkhezero cha Raje Sabra pa malamulo apadziko lonse a India ndi amalonda nchoposa kwambiri chithunzi chotchuka cha malo oyambiranso. Kuyambira pa kukhazikitsa FTAs ku kubwezera malamulo a miyambo, kuyambira ku malamulo a SEZ mpaka ku IP maulamuliro, Nyumba Yapamwamba imasinthasintha malamulo amene amalamulira mgwirizano wa India ndi chuma cha dziko lonse. Dongosolo lake la komiti limapereka kupenda kozama; chikhalidwe chake cha kutsutsana chimatsimikizira kuti mawu a madera osiyanasiyana ndi akatswiri a zamalonda amvedwa; ndipo mphamvu zake za malamulo zimagwira ntchito yapansi pa kachitidwe ka kazembe kawo kazembe. Pamene India akukambirana za malonda atsopano ndi njira yake yotumiza malonda, Rajya Sabba adzakhalabe wofufuza wotsutsa ntchito yomanga nyumba. [osayenedwa ndi wotsatira malonda a dzikolo.]

Kuti muŵerenge zambiri ponena za kumanga kwa maluso a malonda a India, onani [[FLT: 0] Actrist of Makereke ndi Industric ndi wax ya Indiya].