Mbali ya Ndalama m’Kupanga Ndalama kwa Australia

Bungwe la Australian Treasureal System limagwira ntchito monga utumiki wapakati wa zachuma m'dzikolo, likumalangiza boma za malamulo a zachuma, malamulo a zachuma, ndi mapulani a malonda. Malamulo ake amasintha kwambiri mikhalidwe imene ogula amagwirizana ndi mabungwe a zachuma ndi misika tsiku ndi tsiku. Treasurentiyo siigwira ntchito yopatutsana; imagwirizanitsa kwambiri ndi bungwe la Australian Prudential Regtive Authority (APRA), Australian Security and Inventiments Commission (ASIC), ndi Banki ya Reserves of Australia (RBA) kuti lipange bungwe lotsogolera zinthu zoyendera zinthu zodziŵika monga bungwe la Filiance Regatement.

Malo omanga nyumba ameneŵa amatsimikizira kuti chitetezo cha anthu ogula ndi kukhazikika kwa malonda sizikuonedwa monga zodetsa nkhaŵa zosiyana koma monga zolinga za kugwirizana. Pamene Treasury ipanga lamulo loletsa kupatsana zinthu, mwachitsanzo, zotsatirapo zake ku misika ya ngongole, kukhoza kulipira nyumba, ndi mapepala a ndalama za banja. Kumvetsetsa zimenezi nkofunika kwa aliyense kupenda chiyambukiro chenicheni cha zigamulo za Konda ya.

Kuyang’anira Ndalama Zotetezera Ndalama

Malo otetezera a Kayendedwe ka Ndalama azikidwa pa mizati inayi: malamulo opanga katundu, kusungitsa, kutsutsana, ndi kukhoza kwa zachuma. Mzati uliwonse umalimbitsa ena kupanga ukonde wotetezera umene umasintha pamene zinthu zandalama zikukula mocholoŵana ndi khalidwe la makampani likusintha.

Kuyendetsanso Ndalama ndi Mautumiki Othandizira Kusintha

Lamulo la kukonza malamulo a Kayendedwe ka Ndalama limalamula kuti opereka ndalama aulule mbali zazikulu, ndalama, ndi maupandu m'makonzedwe otsatiridwa. Kusainira ndi Kuulutsa Ufulu (DDT) boma, loyambitsidwa kupyolera m'Chilamulo cha Treasurement, limafuna opereka zinthu zofunikira kugula kokha kwa ogula amene amawafunadi ndi kuyang'anira zotulukapo pambuyo powagulitsa. ADDO, ogula nthaŵi zonse analandira makadi a ngongole, malamulo a inshuwalansi, kapena zinthu zoikizira chifukwa chakuti opereka lamulo a ASCBBS adayang'anira kale mabanki angapo ofunikira kulipira ndalama ndi okonza zinthu, kusonyeza malamulo a mame.

Kuoneka bwino kumafikira ku kubisa mphamvu zoletsa zinthu. Treasurer ingavomereze kuti nduna iletse zinthu zina zandalama zimene zimawononga ndalama. Mabungwe a nthaŵi, zinthu zina zogwirizana, ndi zinthu za ngongole za ndalama zambiri zakhala zikuletsedwa kapena kuletsedwa kotheratu pambuyo pa kupenda Treasury.

Kupereka ndi Kukonzanso Ndalama Zoyenera

Mathayo a kubwereketsa akukhala mumtima mwa ogula chitetezo cha ngongole. Obwereka ayenera kutsimikizira kukhoza kwa wokongolayo kubwezera popanda mavuto aakulu, kuyang'ana ndalama, zowonongedwa, ndi zoikizira zomwe zilipo. Ndalama za National Consumer Consolation Protection Act [FLT: 1] imapereka lamulo la malamulo ameneŵa, lokakamiza ndi ASIC ndi maulamuliro a kufufuza ndi chilango.

Mkangano unabuka mkati mwa nyengo 2020-2021 pamene boma linalinganiza masinthidwe athayo obwereketsa ndalama mofulumira pakukonzanso chuma. Osuliza anatsutsa kuti kusinthako kufooketsa chitetezo; ochirikiza analimbana kuti achepetse kutsutsana kwa obwereka ndalama zotsika. Kulolera komaliza kosungidwa kwa malamulo a maziko pamene akutsimikizira ntchito yotsimikizira kwa okongola apamwamba. Chochitikachi chikusonyeza kuchita ntchito ya kulinganiza Khirisitale kuyenera: kulimbikitsa kupezeka kwa ngongole popanda kupempha obwereketsa ndalama kapena ngozi ya dongosolo la zinthu.

Kuthetsa Vutoli Ndiponso Kuchepetsa Makemikolo

Pamene mikangano ibuka pakati pa ogula ndi makampani a zachuma, Treasurer - infidentived Australian Financial Cleasts Authority (AFCA) imapereka utumiki waulere, wa kudziimira. AFCA imasamalira madandaulo a banki, ngongole, inshuwalansi, ndi malangizo a zandalama. Zosankha zake zimayendera makampani a za ndalama kufikira pamalipiro a $1.1 miliyoni, kupatsa ogula njira yeniyeni ya zobwezera popanda mabwalo a ndalama.

Konsati imagwiranso ntchito Consumer Protection internateship , imene imagwirizanitsa kugawana mapepala odandaula pakati pa AFCA, ASIC, ndi bungwe la boma logulitsa zinthu. Kugwirizana kumeneku kumadziŵikitsa nkhani za dongosolo la zinthu zisanafalikire. Mwachitsanzo, kudandaula kwa nkhani yovumbula kuchuluka kwa maliwawa kunatsogolera ku malamulo a Kkomyunishoni ndi malangizo otsatsa malonda pamsika wa sitolo.

Kuphunzira ndi Kutha Kupeza Ndalama

Chitetezero cha anthu ogula chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pamene ogula atha kudzitetezera okha. Ndalama za Ndalama ndi kuyang'anira njira ya National Cabical Chabical Stametic [[FLT: 1], yoperekedwa kupyolera mwa pulatifomu ya ndalama zodziimira payokha yolamuliridwa ndi ASIC. Njira imeneyi imayang'anizana ndi ophunzira a sukulu, achinyamata achikulire, zikhalidwe za Iverland, ndi anthu achikulire a ku Australia ndi ndalama zosonkhanitsidwa pa kulinganiza, kusunga, kuyendetsa ngongole, ndi kuyendetsa maatomu apamwamba.

Kufufuza kwanthaŵi yaitali kuchokera ku Nyumba ya Australian, Infeance ndi Labour Syncs ku Australia (HILDA) Sulumo ya zachuma imasonyeza kuti kuyang'ana kwa kuwerenga ndi kuwerenga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zabwino, kuphatikizapo kuchepa kwa ndalama zosungidwa pa ntchito, kudyetsa ndalama zotsala padesiki, ndi kuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa machenjera. Ndalama imagwiritsira ntchito umboni wotero kuwongolera maprogramu ake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za ndalama kuloŵerera ndi ziyambukiro zotsimikizirika.

Kuyendetsa Zinthu Pamalonda Motsogola

Kukhazikika kwa malonda sikuli chabe kusabuka kwa mavuto; kuli kulimba kwa mabungwe a zachuma ndi misika kuchepetsa kusokonezeka maganizo popanda kulephera.

Kupima ndi Kupima Uchigaŵenga

Kayendedwe ka Ndalama kagwirizana ndi Komiti ya Maupandu ya Komiti ya Komiti ya ku Ngozi [[FLT: 1], msonkhano wa kotai kuchokera ku Treasury, APPA, ASIC, RBA, ndi Office ya Australian ya Ndalama . Komiti imatchula kuchuluka kwa zinthu monga kubwereketsa ndalama, kuwonongeka kwa ndalama, kapena ndalama za kumaiko ena. Pamene kuopsa kwa zinthu, KOffice ingavomereze kukhazikitsa malamulo a boma kapena kuyankha kokhudzana ndi malamulo.

Chitsanzo cha konkiri chinachitika pakati pa zaka za 2010 pamene kukula kwa chiwongola dzanja ndi wosunga ndalama za nyumba kunadzutsa alamu. Treasury inachirikiza kuyambitsidwa kwa APRIA marks obwereketsa amene anapanga ndalama zowongoleredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chiwongola dzanja. Kutenga kokuliraku kwa maambulera kunaziziritsa malonda a nyumba popanda kuyambitsa chiwongoletso chakuya, kusonyeza mmene kuyang'anira ngozi kwauchigamulo kunatembenuzidwira ku kuloŵerera mchitidwe wogwira ntchito.

Kusintha Zinthu Kuti Ziziyenda Bwino

Zida za Macroudial zimagwira ntchito pamodzi ndi oyang'anira a microudial . Pamene APRA imayang'anira chitetezo ndi ubwino wa mabungwe amodzi, malamulo a macroudalecism ogawira dongosolo la zinthu kuzungulira dziko lonse. Ntchito ya Khate ya makampani imaphatikizapo kupanga dongosolo la malamulo limene limathandiza APUPA kugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zonga zosungira ndalama zoyendera ndalama, mabowo a ngongole ku zikole, ndi zitsulo za makampani.

Australia inayambitsa chosungiramo ndalama zamalikulu (CYB) [CFLT )] mu 2015, kufunikiritsa mabanki kusonkhanitsa malikulu panyengo za kuchuluka kwa ngongole. Kompani inafufuza kwambiri ndi makampani a malonda ndi ogula panthaŵi ya kukonza kuti atsimikizire kuti chosungiracho sichingachepetse ndalama zobwereketsa pa nthaŵi ya kutsika kwa chuma. Pamene mliri wa CHOD-19 unakantha, APRIPA inachepetsa CYB kuyambira 1.0% mpaka 0.00%, ikumamasula pafupifupi $30 biliyoni kuti ipitirizebe kubweretsa ndalama. Kachitidwe kameneka kaja kothandiza ndi malamulo a Kko, kothandiza kupatsa ngongole pa kusoŵa kwakukulu kwa zachuma kuyambira pa kusoŵa kwa zachuma.

Kusintha kwa Zinthu ndi Kuloŵererapo

Treasury imagwira ntchito monga womanga wamkulu wa mayankhidwe a zachuma ku mavuto a zachuma. Mkati mwa 2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC), Treasury adapanga [FFLT: 0] Ndalama zonena za ndalama (FCS) , zimene zimatsimikizira kuti zikusunga $500,000 pa wolemba ndalama iliyonse. Zimenezi zinaletsa banki kuyenda ndi kukhalabe ndi chidaliro m'dongosolo la kubanki. FCS sinayambidwepo m'nthaŵi ya GFC, koma kukhalapo kwake kokha kwa osunga ndalama ndi makampani.

Posachedwapa, maprogramu a Kayendedwe ka Ndalama adasonyeza kuloŵerera pamlingo wosayerekezeredwa. Pamene kuli kwakuti zimenezi zinali njira za ndalama zochirikizira mmalo mwa zida za ndalama, iwo analetsa zinthu zolephera zapanyumba zimene zikanawononga pepala la banki. Ndalamayo inajambula zochitika zosiyanasiyana ndi kutsimikizira kuti ndalama zingathandize mabanja onse aŵiri ogula ndi odalirika m’zachuma kuposa kuyendetsa bwino ndalama.

Zotulukapo Zachuma ndi Zamalonda: Chiyambukiro Choyesedwa

Kufufuza chiyambukiro cha malamulo a Treasury kumafuna kuyang'ana ponse paŵiri pa zikwangwani zachuma ndi zokumana nazo za munthu payekha. Dongosolo la zachuma la Australia linatulukira kuchokera ku GFC mosavulazidwa poyerekezera ndi United States ndi Ulaya, makamaka chifukwa chakuti malamulo a Ndalama anasungitsa miyezo yosungitsa ndalama ndi zofunika zamalikulu m'nthaŵi yapitayo. World Economic Forum Development Report [1] Mosalse profection mokhazikika Australia pakati pa maiko asanu otchuka kaamba ka kukhazikika kwa chuma ndi chitetezo.

Kwa ogula mwachindunji, malamulo a Treasury awongolera kwambiri. Chiŵerengero cha madandaulo okhudza ngongole operekedwa ndi AFCA chatsika pang'onopang'onopang' kuyambira 2019, pambuyo pa kuyambika kwa DDO ndi kusintha kokhala ndi thayo. Kubweza ngongole zapanyumba, ngakhale kuti kwakwezedwa ndi miyezo ya mitundu yonse, kwakhala kokhoza kuyang'aniridwa ndi ziŵerengero zotsika ndi zinthu za ngongole zokhoza kuyendetsedwa ndi dongosolo la zachuma losasintha.

Zachuma za Malo Ovomerezeka [[FLT :1] zikusimba kuti zoyesayesa za kugulitsa malonda mochilikizidwa ndi ogula zachititsa zotulukapo zabwino kwa magulu osoŵa chitetezo, kuphatikizapo Mitundu Yoyamba ya Australia, anthu opunduka, ndi awo amene akuvutika ndi ndalama. Mautumiki a zachuma operekedwa ndi opereka uphungu amathandiza anthu oposa 100,000 a ku Australia chaka chilichonse, kuletsa ngongole kuwonjezereka ndi kuchepetsa mtengo wa mavuto a zachuma.

Kusintha Njira Zoyendera

Palibe njira iliyonse imene ingakhale yosasintha ngakhale kuti zinthu zamakono zayamba kusintha mofulumira ndiponso kuchotsa mavuto a padziko lonse.

Kulephera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ndalama ndi Mafilimu

Kukwera kwa ma metary , kugula ndalama zoyendera patali pambuyo pake (BNPL) zinthu zokhala ndi mphamvu ya zachuma, ndi kuvuta kwa mwambo wa mabungwe. Oyang'anira a BNPL, amene adachokera kunja kwa boma lopereka ngongole, akula kuchokera ku ntchito ya makompyuta mpaka njira yaikulu yolipirira yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi munthu wamkulu wa Australian. Ndalama inachititsa kupenda BNPL malamulo ndi 2023 kulengeza kuti BNPL idzabweretsedwa pansi pa [ Act , yofuna kuti anthu ayendetse njira yoyendera ndi yoyendera AFCA. Zimenezi zimatsogolera kuteteza kochuluka kwa ogula pamene ntchitoyi.

Mofananamo, Khate ya zaumoyo ikufufuza mmene amachitira ndi ma serbon, ma digital quemistry (CBDCS), ndi crypto maplatt . Lipoti loperekedwa la Khatensikitale lokhala ndi cholinga cha kumasulira kuti ndi zinthu ziti za magetsi zimene zikuwonongeka ndi zimene zimafuna mafotokozedwe atsopano. Cholinga n’kulimbikitsa kusintha zinthu pamene akuletsa ogula amene avutitsa malonda amalonda m'misika ya padziko lonse.

Mavuto a Zachuma Akutha

Kusintha kwa nyengo kumabweretsa maupandu aŵiriwo, monga ngati kuwonongeka kwa zinthu kuchokera ku nyengo yoipa, ndi maupandu a kusintha, monga kuwonjezereka kwa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zokhala pansi monga kuwonongeka kwa zinthu za m'mabwinja monga ma decarbone. Treasurer, kupyolera mwa kugawana kwake ndi Actal for Greening the Financial System (NGFS) , adachirikiza kuphatikizidwa kwa kupenda za nyengo kukhala kukhazikika kwa ndalama. APLA tsopano ikufuna mabanki aakulu ndi otetezera kuvumbulutsa kuvumbulutsa ngozi ya kuthekera kwa nyengo pokambitsirana ndi Khirio.

Kwa ogula, malamulo otetezera mkhalidwe wakunja akutanthauza kuti zinthu za inshuwalansi zikhale zopezeka ndi zokhoza kupezeka m'madera okhoza kutentha, kusefukira kwa madzi, kapena chimphepo. Ndalama ya za inshuwalansi ikugwirira ntchito ndi kampani ya inshuwalansi kuwongolera mapangano a anthu achinsinsi a madera apamwamba. Kulephera kuthetsa ngozi ya nyengo kutsalira m’kupita kwa nthaŵi misika ya inshuwalansi ndi kusiya mabanja opanda chitetezo chokwanira.

Kugwirizana kwa Padziko Lonse ndi Kukhazikitsa Malamulo

Malonda ndi apadziko lonse, ndipo kugawikana kwa malamulo kumayambitsa mipata ya kukhazikitsa malamulo. Treasurer imathandizira kwambiri ndi Trial Station Board (FSB , Fact:1] , Komiti yogwirizana ndi Bank Superfectation , ndi Bungwe la Sacurities Commissions (IOSCO) kuingalande ya malamulo apadera pamene ikusunga malamulo a Australia. Mwachitsanzo, ndalama zothandizira ntchito pa malamulo a m'mabungwe, kutsimikizira kuti boma la Australia lingalephere kuyendetsa ntchito ya boma la Australia popanda kuyendetsa mabanki a Australia.

Kuswana kwa mabungwe a UK ndi EU kwapambuyo pa kukwera kwa mavuto a zachuma a United States, kumayambitsa malo ovuta kwambiri kuti boma la Australia ligwirizane. Bungwe la zachuma liyenera kusamala ndi malamulo onse aŵiri oletsa kutsalira pansi ndi oletsa kwambiri amene angalekanitse misika ya Australia ndi kuchuluka kwa malikulu padziko lonse.

Zitsogozo Zamtsogolo ndi Njira Yopita Patsogolo

Kuyang’ana kutsogolo, ndandanda ya malamulo a Khate ya Treasury mwachiwonekere idzasumika pa zinthu zitatu zofunika: kukulitsa chitetezo cha ogula a makompyuta, ngozi ya nyengo yokhazikika kukhala malamulo a zachuma, ndi kusungitsa bata m’nyengo ya kusatsimikizirika kwa ndale zadziko ndi kutsenderezedwa kwa malungo.

Malamulo a manambala adzafutukuka kuposa BNP kuyang'anira kulinganiza kwa maatom a maatom m'zofufuza za ngongole, kugwiritsira ntchito luntha lopanga m'malangizo a zachuma, ndi kuyenera kwa chidziŵitso pansi pa Consumer Data Right (CDR) . Ndalama ya CDR yawonjezera kale CDR ku kampani ya banki, kulola ogula kugaŵana ndi zigawo zawo zotsalira malonda ndi ziŵili zachitatu zopezera zinthu zabwino. Kufutukutsira CDR ku mphamvu ya mphamvu ya kugula ndi inshuwalansi kutsa malonda kugula ndi kutsatsatsa malonda.

Paupandu wa nyengo, Kernal ikukulitsa njira ya zachuma yosagonjetseka [[FLT:] yomwe imaphatikizapo zofunika za kudziŵikitsa mkhalidwe wa dziko lapansi zogwirizana ndi International Sustatability Diference Board (ISB) kakonzedwe ka mapulogalamu a zobiriŵira, mapulogalamu obiriŵira a kusungitsa ndalama zoikitsa. Mayeso ameneŵa amatsogolera likulu lachinsinsi ku kusintha pamene akutetezera ogula ku kutsuka ndi kulephera kusungidwa kwa zinthu zosungidwa bwino.

Pomalizira, chilango cha misonkho chidzaumba kukhoza kwa KHAMBI ya ndalama kuloŵerera m'mavuto amtsogolo. Pamene ngongole ya anthu ikwezedwa pambuyo pa CHOVAD-19, Khate idzadalira kwambiri pa ziwiya zoyendetsera ndi kusakhala pa kugwiritsa ntchito maprogramu kuti asunge bata. Kusintha kumeneku kumaika thayo lalikulu pa kupangidwa kwa zipangizo za maatomu ndi zitetezero za ogula kuletsa mavuto kuchitika m'malo oyamba, mmalo mwa kuyeretsa pambuyo pake.

Malamulo a Treasury ya Australia a ogula ndi okhazikika m'masitolo asintha kuchokera ku kuloŵerera kwa mphamvu zamalonda kukhala zolinga zogwirizana, zogwirizana zimene zimayembekezera maupandu ndi kulinganiza. Kwa ogula, zimenezi zikutanthauza dongosolo la zachuma limene limawoneka bwino, looneka bwino kwambiri, ndi lolimba kwambiri kuposa mmene linalili zaka khumi zapitazo. Kuwonjezera zachuma, kumapereka maziko othandizira kuti dziko liziyenda bwino. Pamene zinthu zatsopano zikuonekera, kufunitsitsa kwa Khirmasitala kuzoloŵera pamene akusunga malamulo ake aakulu a kuonekera bwino, chilungamo, ndi kukhazikika kwa dziko la Australia kudzatsimikizira ngati dongosolo la zachuma likupitirizabe kutumikira bwino nzika zake.

[[ML:0] Zitsanzo ndi kuŵerenga kowonjezereka:

  • Treasurer ya ku Australia. [[FLT: 0]
  • Australian University and Investices Commission . [[FLT: 0]] ASTIC Direction on DDO ndi Udindo Wakuyendetsa
  • Derenk Bank ya ku Australia. [[FLT: 0] Kambirano ya zachuma [[FLT: 1]
  • Komiti ya Ndalama. [[FLT: 0] FSB Kuopsa kwa Nyengo ndi Kuthandiza Kugwira Ntchito [[FLT: 1]
  • Komiti ya Zopangapanga . [[FLT: 0] Kulemba ndi Kugula Kupeza Kufufuza [[FLT: 1]