Table of Contents

Chiyambi: Chifukwa Chake Maboma Ali Ofunika pa Zaumoyo

Kusamalira thanzi ku United States kumagwira ntchito kudzera m'dongosolo lokhala ndi maulamuliro a boma amene amakwaniritsa mlingo wa boma. Pamene kuli kwakuti boma la boma limakhazikitsa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za dziko kudzera m'maprogramu onga Medicare ndi Affordal Care Act, maboma ali ndi mphamvu zotha kusiyanitsa mmene amaperekera chisamaliro cha zaumoyo, kuyang'anira, ndi kuchirikiza ndalama m'mayiko awo. Kugawana kumeneku kumayambitsa malamulo osiyanasiyana amene amayambukira mwachindunji mkhalidwewo, mtengo, ndi kupezeka kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri a ku America.

Kwa aphunzitsi, ophunzira, ndi akatswiri a zaumoyo, kumvetsetsa ntchito ya maboma si njira yongophunzitsa chabe.

Maziko a Zaumoyo a Mbiri ndi Malamulo a Boma

Maboma apeza ulamuliro wa zaumoyo makamaka kuchokera ku Tenth Amendment mpaka ku Malamulo a United States, amene mphamvu zake sizimaperekedwa ku boma. Malamulo a malamulo a boma apereka ufulu waukulu kukhazikitsa malamulo a zaumoyo ndi chisungiko malinga ndi malamulo awo. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, mphamvu ya apolisi imeneyi yafotokozedwa kukhala imaphatikizapo malamulo a madokotala, ntchito ya zipatala, ndi kuyendetsa malamulo a zaumoyo wa anthu.

Chiyeneretso pakati pa ulamuliro wa boma ndi boma chasintha m’zaka makumi ambiri, makamaka ndi kutsatiridwa kwa malamulo aakulu a boma onga Medicare ndi Mediid mu 1965 ndi Affordal Care Act mu 2010. Komabe, maboma amasankha bwino mmene amagwiritsirira ntchito maprogramu a boma, kutsogolera ku kusiyana kwakukulu m'kulongosola, mapindu, ndi zotulukapo m'dziko lonselo. Kumvetsetsa nkhani ya mbiri yakale imeneyi kuli mfungulo ya kumvetsetsa kucholoŵa m'kachitidwe kwa zaumoyo kolamulira mu United States.

Kutsatira Lamulo la Opereka Thanzi ndi Malo

Imodzi ya njira zachindunji kwambiri zimene maboma amasonkhezera chisamaliro chaumoyo iri kupyolera mwa malamulo a opereka chithandizo. Boma lirilonse limasunga bungwe lake la zamankhwala ndi kuika zofunika zachindunji kwa asing’anga, manesi, ogulitsa mankhwala, ndi akatswiri a zaumoyo ogwirizana kuti apeze ndi kukonzanso malaisensi. Izi zikuphatikizapo ziyeso za maphunziro, kufufuza, kupitiriza maphunziro, ndi kupenda kumene achokera.

Kusinthasintha kwa Malo ndi Mabungwe a Interstate

Chifukwa chakuti boma lililonse limakhazikitsa miyezo yakeyake, pali kusiyana kwakukulu. Mayiko ena amafuna ngongole zopitirizabe zamaphunziro, pamene kuli kwakuti ena ali ndi njira zololera kwambiri. Ntchito imeneyi yachititsa mavuto kwa telemedicine ndi akatswiri a zaumoyo amene akufuna kuyeseza kudutsa mzera wa boma. Kuti afotokoze zimenezi, maboma ambiri agwirizana ndi makomande a interstate Medical Licenfied Communic, imene imatumiza njira ya madokotala kuti apeze malaisensi m'mayiko ambiri. Mofananamo, katswiri wa zachipatala Licenfire Communic imalola manesi olembetsa kuyeseza m'magawo limodzi laisensi ya stame .

Kusintha Malamulo ndi Chikalata cha Malamulo Ofunika

Maboma amayang'aniranso zipatala, nyumba zochitira opaleshoni, ndi malo ojambula. Maboma ena amasunga Chikalata cha Kufunikira (CON) malamulo, amene amafuna osamalira zaumoyo kuti apeze chilolezo cha boma asanamange nyumba zatsopano kapena kuwonjezera zipangizo zodula. Ochirikiza amanena kuti malamulo amalamulira ndalama zaumoyo ndi kuletsa mautumiki, pamene otsutsa amanena kuti amaletsa mpikisano ndi kuchepetsa njira zopezera chisamaliro. Monga 2024, pafupifupi magawo 35 adakali ndi mtundu wina wa Programu ya CON, ngakhale kuti ziganizo zimasiyana kwambiri.

Mdicaid: Lamulo la Boma Lokhudza Umoyo

Medicaid ndi gwero lalikulu la zaumoyo kwa Aamereka olandira ndalama zochepa, ndipo amachirikizidwa ndi boma ndi maboma. Komabe, maboma ali ndi kulolera kokulira m'kulinganiza ndi kuyendetsa maprogramu awo a Medicaid m'zitsogozo za boma. Kusintha kumeneku kumatsogolera ku kusiyana kwakukulu kwa amene amasanja, mautumiki amene amaperekedwa, ndi unyinji wa ndalama zimene amalipira.

Kukula ndi Kukula Pansi pa ASA

Affordlable Care Act inafuna kuti pakhale kuwonjezera Medicaid elpidial kwa achikulire okhala ndi malipiro kufika 138% ya mlingo wa umphaŵi wa boma, koma chigamulo cha Bwalo Lapamwamba chinapanga kufutukuka kodzifunira kwa maboma. Zimenezi zinapanga gawo lalikulu: kuyambira 2024, maboma 40 ndi Chigawo cha Columbia chawonjezera Medicaid, pamene kuli kwakuti maboma 10 sanawathandize. Ku maiko osapeza ndalama zambiri, ambiri a akulu amaloŵa m’kasupe wopereka ndalama zimene amapezamo ndalama zambiri kuti akwanire ku Medicaid koma osayenerera kwenikweni kaamba ka mapulani a zamalonda. Médicaid . Mpata umenewu uku uku ukukhudza anthu a ku South ndi Midwester, kuwonjezera kutsika kwa mlingo ndi kusoŵa thanzi m’mabanja.

Ubwino ndi Kupindula

Maboma ali ndi nzeru pamlingo wa mapindu a Medicaid, ngakhale kuti lamulo la boma limalamula mautumiki ena monga kusamalira chipatala, madokota, ndi malaboletale. Mayiko ambiri amasankha kupereka mapindu ena, kuphatikizapo kuulutsa mano, mautumiki a maso, ndi zoyendera zamankhwala zosalimba. Kuthandiza anthu opereka chithandizo cha mankhwala amasiyananso ndi boma, kusonkhezera kugawana ndi opereka chithandizo. Maboma okhala ndi ndalama zambiri zothandizira ndalama ali ndi mwayi wokwanira wosamalira Medicaid Subries, pamene kuli kwakuti maboma akuyesetsa kusungitsa mapulogalamu oyenera.

Kusamalira ndi Kupereka Njira Zabwino Zothetsera

Maboma ambiri tsopano akupereka mautumiki a Medicaid kupyolera m'mabungwe oyang'anira chisamaliro (MCOS), amene amagwirizana ndi boma kupereka chisamaliro chokwanira cha ndalama za mwezi ndi mwezi pa munthu wolembetsedwa. Njira imeneyi ikufuna kulamulira ndalama ndi kuwongolera kasamalidwe ka zinthu, komanso imayambitsanso mavuto a zigwirizano, chilolezo chisanakwane, ndi kuyang'anira bwino. Maboma ena akuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zoperekera mawotchire ndi kusintha njira zoperekera, monga mabungwe osamalira ndi nyumba za odwala, kuwongolera zotsatira zake ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zimene awononga.

Maprogramu a Zaumoyo wa Anthu Onse ndi Thanzi la Anthu

Madipatimenti a zaumoyo a boma ndiwo amene amateteza ndi kulimbikitsa thanzi la anthu awo, ndipo ntchito yawo imaphatikizapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga kuonetsetsa matenda, kufufuza matenda, kupititsa patsogolo thanzi la munthu ndiponso kuteteza matenda.

Ntchito ya Umoyo wa Anthu Onse

Boma lililonse limasunga njira ya zaumoyo ya anthu yomwe imaphatikizapo malaboratori, maselo, zolemba zofunika, ndi ziŵerengero za thanzi. Ntchito zimenezi nzofunika pozindikira ndi kuvomereza matenda opatsirana, kuyang'anira njira za matenda osatha, ndi kudziŵitsa za malamulo. Mliri wa Covid . Mliri wa Zaumoyo wa anthu unasonyeza ponse paŵiri mphamvu ndi kufooka kwa boma, ndi maiko ena akuyankha mofulumira ndi mogwira mtima pamene ena akulimbana ndi kugwiriza ntchito, ndalama, ndi kulankhulana.

Kuyamba Kupeŵa ndi Kupititsa Patsogolo Thanzi

Maboma akugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zotetezera zinthu zoyambitsa matenda ndi imfa. Mwachitsanzo, maprogramu a fodya aonetsa kuti amachepetsa kusuta ndi ndalama zothandizira kusamala matenda pamene athandizidwa bwino. Mayiko amagwiritsa ntchito makampani a maphunziro, makampani oteteza fodya, ndi malamulo oletsa fodya kuti athetse vuto la fodya.

Mautumiki a Zaumoyo wa Ana ndi Azachipatala

Malamulo a Federal amafuna kuti boma lililonse likhale ndi programu ya Maternal ndi Child Health (MCH), imene imapereka chithandizo kwa amayi, makanda, ana, ndi ana a zaka zapakati pa 13 ndi 19, kuphatikizapo awo amene amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera cha zaumoyo. Maprogramu ameneŵa amasumika pa chisamaliro chapasadakhale, maulendo a ana abwino, kukatemera, ndi kukonza. Maprogramu a boma MCH amasonkhanitsa ndi kusimbanso zizindikiro zazikulu za imfa za makanda, kuchepa kwa kubala, ndi kudyetsa maŵere, zimene zimagwiritsiridwa ntchito kudziŵikitsa zinthu ndi kuloŵerera kwa anthu.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Matenda a Maganizo

Mliri wa opioid ndi kukwera kwa matenda a maganizo zachititsa kuti boma lifune kwambiri zaumoyo. Mayiko akupereka njira zothandizira matendawa, kaŵirikaŵiri mogwirizana ndi mabungwe a anthu ndi anthu osamalira zaumoyo. Mayiko ambiri awonjezera njira zofikirana ndi naloxone, opioids , kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito posintha mankhwala, ndipo agwiritsa ntchito malangizo a zaumoyo a a zamaganizo, kuphatikizapo kuloŵerera m’mavuto, kulephera kudwala, ndi kuchiritsa kwa maganizo, kaŵirikaŵiri amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi akuluakulu a zaumoyo a boma, kudzera mwa maulamuliro a zaumoyo a m'dziko.

Kusintha Zinthu ndi Kuyang’anira Msika

Maboma akhala alangizi aakulu a inshuwalansi ya zaumoyo, ntchito imene inachirikizidwa ndi McCarran-Ferguson Act ya 1945. Ngakhale kuti Affordcable Care Act inayambitsa miyezo ya boma ya misika ya munthu aliyense ndi ya kagulu kochepa, maboma amakhala ndi ulamuliro waukulu pa malamulo a inshuwalansi.

Kupenda ndi Msika

Madipatimenti a inshuwalansi ya boma amapenda ndalama zimene inshuwalansi ya zaumoyo imayendera kuti atsimikizire kuti si opambanitsa, osakwanira, kapena opalamula. Mayiko amayang'aniranso insurensipy, kugwiritsa ntchito makampani ogulitsa, ndi kudandaula kwa anthu. Mayiko ena ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zoyendera makampaniwo kuposa ena, zimene zingakhudze zikhalidwe ndi kukhoza kulipira. Mayiko angaperekenso zofunika kwa opereka chithandizo cha mankhwala okhudzana ndi mapindu ofunika a thanzi, asanapereke chilolezo, ndi kulipira mautumiki ena.

Mabwalo a Msika ndi ASA Ozikidwa pa Boma

Pansi pa Affordble Care Act, maboma anali ndi chosankha cha kukhazikitsa misika yawoyawo ya inshuwalansi ya umoyo kapena kudalira pa misika yosavuta ya boma. Pa 2024, maboma 18 ndi District ya Columbia akugwira ntchito msika wawo, pamene maiko otsalawo amagwiritsira ntchito pulatifomu ya boma. Mabizinesi ozikidwa pa boma kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala okhoza kukhazikitsa njira zopimira ndi zolembetsera, kuyang'anira ngozi, ndi kukhazikitsa miyezo ya mapulani ogulitsidwa kudutsa msika. Maboma ena ayambanso maprogramu a za malonda a kuchepetsa ndi kukhazikitsa misika yawo.

Zitetezero ndi Kusintha kwa Zinthu

Pamwamba pa zifuno za boma, maboma amakhazikitsa malamulo awoawo otetezera a inshuwalansi ya zaumoyo. Zimenezi zingaphatikizepo malamulo a mautumiki akutiakuti monga kusamalira amayi, mankhwala a maganizo, kapena mautumiki a zakubala. Maboma amalamuliranso kulinganiza ndalama zoperekera chithandizo, ndalama zamankhwala zosayembekezereka, ndi miyezo ya zauchiŵalo. No Smarks Act, imene inayamba kugwira ntchito mu 20222, imatetezera boma ku kusayembekezera, koma malamulo amphamvu angakhalebe ndi ntchito m'kusungitsa ndi kutetezera.

Ubwino wa Zaumoyo, Chitetezo, ndi Kuŵerengera

Maboma ali maziko kutsimikizira kuti osamalira zaumoyo amapereka chisamaliro chotetezereka, chogwira mtima, ndi chapamwamba. Izi zimachitidwa mwa kuphatikizana kwa ma aiselve, kuvomerezedwa, kufufuza, ndi kusimba.

Kupimidwa ndi Chipatala

Madipatimenti a zaumoyo a boma amavomereza zipatala ndi kuchititsa kufufuza kwa nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi kutsimikizira kugonjera ku malamulo a boma. Kufufuza kumeneku kumakhudza mbali monga ngati kuletsa matenda, ufulu wodwala, kuyang'anira mankhwala, ndi kukonzekera kwa ngozi. Maboma angafufuzenso madandaulo ndi zochitika zoipa, ndipo ali ndi ulamuliro wa kukhazikitsa zilolezo, kuphatikizapo zopimira, zopimira, kapena kuchotsedwa kwa laisensi ya boma. Kudalira kwa ntchito zoyang'anira zimenezi kumasiyanasiyana m'mayiko onse, kosonkhezeredwa ndi chuma chomwe chilipo ndi zinthu zofunika zandale.

Kupereka Malipoti Abwino ndi Kuona Bwino Malo

Maboma ambiri amafuna zipatala ndi zipatala zina kuti apereke lipoti la mmene matenda akuyendera, kuchuluka kwa odwala, ndi kukhutiritsa kwa wodwala. Nkhani zimenezi zimapangidwa poyera kudzera pawebusaiti za boma, zimene zimalola ogula kuyerekezera zipangizo ndi kupanga zosankha zodzisankhira. Maboma amagwirizananso ndi maprogramu a boma opereka lipoti ndipo angagwirizane ndi mabungwe onga Agency for Healthharecuty Research and Seaty (AHRQ) kuti awongole ndi kujambula.

Kuchiritsa ndi Kusamala

Maboma amalamulira malamulo osatsata bwino a zamankhwala, amene amalamulira mmene odwala amene amavulazidwa ndi mankhwala angapezere malipiro. Mayiko ena akhazikitsa njira zosinthira zinthu, monga zipewa za zinthu zopanda chuma, malamulo a maloya, ndi malamulo achidule. Malamulo ameneŵa anapangidwa kuti achepetse ndalama za inshuwalansi yosagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndi kukhazikitsa malo okhala ochititsa ngozi, komanso kuti azikhala ndi nkhani yokambirana za mmene angathandizire woleza mtima ndi kuyenerera chilungamo. Maboma amagwiranso ntchito za mabanki a zamankhwala amene amasunga chidziŵitso ndi kuyendetsa ntchito zawo, kuthandizira kuyang'anira ndi kuwongolera bwino kwa madera.

Kusankhana Zaumoyo ndi Zakhalidwe

Maboma ali ndi mbali yaikulu m’kuthetsa kusiyana kwa thanzi ndi kuletsa kwa kakhalidwe ka anthu kumene kumapanga zotulukapo za thanzi la anthu. Malamulo ameneŵa amaphatikizapo nyumba, maphunziro, ntchito, zoyendera, ndi kukhoza kupeza chakudya chomanga thupi, zonsezo zikusonkhezeredwa ndi malamulo a boma osakhala a dongosolo la zaumoyo.

Kusamalira Kusamvana kwa Zaumoyo

Kusiyana kwa mafuko ndi mafuko m’zotsatirapo zaumoyo kukupitirizabe mu United States, ndipo malamulo a boma angawonjezere kapena kuchepetsa kusiyana kumeneku. Maiko ena akhazikitsa mamaofesi a zaumoyo ndi kuyambitsa maprogramu ochepetsa kugaŵana kwa imfa za amayi, matenda osatha, ndi kupezeka kwawo. Maboma angatole ndi kupereka lipoti la zotulukapo za thanzi mwa fuko, fuko, ndi mikhalidwe ina ya anthu, zimene ziri zofunika kusiyanitsa ndi kuloŵerera m’kuloŵerera kwa anthu.

Zofuna Kusintha Khalidwe

Pozindikira kuti chisamaliro cha mankhwala chokha sichingawongolere zotulukapo za thanzi, maboma ambiri akufufuza njira zothetsera mavuto a anthu kupyolera m'maprogramu awo a Medicaid. Zimenezi zingaphatikizepo mautumiki opanda mankhwala monga ngati kuchirikiza nyumba, chithandizo cha chakudya, ndi kuyang'anira nkhani. Maboma ambiri alandira opimira a boma kuti ayese njira zatsopano, kuphatikizapo magulu athanzi ndi mayanjano ndi mabungwe a anthu. Kuyesayesa kumeneku kudakali kwatsopano, koma umboni woyambirira ukusonyeza kuti kuletsa mavuto a zaumoyo kungachepetse ndalama zothandizira kudwala ndi kuwongolera zotsatira za anthu osoŵa thandizo.

Mkulu wa Ansembe

Malamulo othandiza a zaumoyo amafunika kugwirizana m’mbali zonse. Maboma angathandize kugwirizana pakati pa osamalira zaumoyo, mabungwe a zaumoyo, mautumiki a zaumoyo, maphunziro, ndi akuluakulu a zaumoyo. Maboma ena akhazikitsa thanzi m’njira zonse, zimene zimafuna opanga malamulo a zaumoyo kuposa za thanzi kulingalira za ziyambukiro za thanzi la zosankha zawo. Kugwirizana kumeneku nkofunika kwambiri makamaka pothetsa nkhani zovuta monga kunenepa kwa ana, zimene zimasonkhezeredwa ndi maprogramu a sukulu ophunzitsa zakudya, kukonza malo okhala, ndi kutetezeka kwa anthu.

Mavuto Amene Opanga Malamulo Osamalira Zaumoyo wa Boma Amakumana Nawo

Ngakhale kuti mayiko ali ndi mphamvu zambiri ndiponso angathe kukonza njira zosamalira thanzi lawo, iwo amakumananso ndi mavuto amene angawalepheretse kuchita zinthu mwanzeru.

Mavuto a Pandalama ndi Opanikizana ndi Mabanki

Kusamalira zaumoyo ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu kwambiri zimene boma limafuna, zomwe nthaŵi zambiri zimapikisana ndi maphunziro, zoyendera, ndi chitetezo cha anthu onse. Kukwera mtengo kwa Medicaid kokha ndi kokwanira 30 peresenti ya ndalama zimene boma limawononga pa avareji. M’nyengo ya kutsika kwa chuma, mayiko akulimbana ndi mavuto awiri a kuchuluka kwa ndalama za Medicaid ndi kuchepa kwa misonkho, zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu apeze njira zovuta zopezera ndalama zothandizira kuchepetsa kusoŵa kwa ndalama, phindu, ndi kulipira ndalama. Mayiko ena ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za tsiku la mvula ndi njira zina zoyendetsera ntchito magetsi a PNG, koma adakalibe opanikiza ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito.

Kusintha Ndale ndi Kulephera Kusintha

Malamulo a zaumoyo kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala otsutsana ndi ndale zadziko, ndipo kusintha kwa boma kungatsogolere ku kusintha kwakukulu kwa malamulo. Mwachitsanzo, chosankha cha kufutukula Medicaid chakhala nkhani yogaŵa kwambiri, ndi malamulo akuti kukulitsa ulamuliro wa democratic ndi kuwonjezera ku kufalikira kwa maboma a Republican. Kusintha kumeneku kungayambitse kusakhazikika kwa malamulo, kuchititsa kuti zipatala, opereka chithandizo, ndi odwala alinganize zamtsogolo. Kumalepheretsanso kuvomerezana pa nkhani zovuta zonga ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zophunzitsira anthu odziŵa zachipatala, ndi teledicine.

Kupereŵera kwa Ntchito ndi Kugawira

Mayiko ambiri amasoŵa akatswiri a zaumoyo, makamaka kumadera akumidzi ndi osasamalidwa bwino. Kuperewera kumeneku kumayambukira kupezeka kwa chisamaliro chachikulu, mautumiki a zaumoyo, ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Maboma amagwiritsira ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuthetsera kupereŵera kwa antchito, kuphatikizapo maprogramu a kulipira ndalama, zisonkhezero za maphunziro, ndi kuwonjezereka kwa njira kwa osamalira ndi othandiza achipatala. Komabe, zoyesayesa zimenezi kaŵirikaŵiri sizikwanira kukwaniritsa zofuna za anthu, ndipo maboma ayenera kupikisana ndi antchito a zaumoyo apadera.

Kukwera kwa Mavuto a Zaumoyo

Ndalama zosamalira thanzi zikupitirizabe kukwera mofulumira kuposa kukwera kwa mitengo ya zinthu, kuika kupanikizika kwa bajeti ya boma, olemba ntchito, ndi anthu. Maboma ali ndi zida zochepa zoyendetsera ndalama zoyendetsera zinthu, koma angasonkhezere kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za Medicaid, malamulo a inshuwalansi, ndi njira zoyendera monga opereka mapepala onse osungira zinthu. Maboma ena atsatira njira zoonekera bwino zimene zimafunikira zipatala ndi otsimikizira kuti aulule mitengo ya mautumiki onse, ngakhale kuti mphamvu ya malamulo ameneŵa pa kugula zinthu zonse sizikudziŵika.

Kukula kwa Mikhalidwe ndi Mtsogolo mwa Kusamalira Zaumoyo kwa Boma

Zikhoterero zingapo zimene zikubuka mwachiwonekere zidzaumba mbali ya maboma m’kusamalira umoyo m’zaka zirinkudza.

Thanzi la Pafoni Ndiponso Lamakono

SOUD , mliri wa SOVID wachititsa kuti anthu atengedwe ndi telehealth , ndipo mayiko ambiri akhazikitsa malamulo owonjezera njira zopezera chithandizo. Malamulo ameneŵa akuphatikizapo kulipira ndalama zothandizira anthu pa ntchito za telehealth, kuchepetsa ziletso za kukhazikitsa, ndi kutumiza mawu okha. Kupita patsogolo, mayiko afunikira kulinganiza mapindu a telehealth ndi nkhaŵa za kuyenera kwa munthu, zachinsinsi, ndi kulinganiza bwino. Maboma ena akufufuzanso malamulo a zipangizo za za zachipatala, kuphatikizapo nzeru zopanga ndi makompyuta a za za za zaumoyo.

Chisamaliro Chozikidwa pa Maziko ndi Kusintha kwa Ndalama

Mayiko akufunitsitsa kwambiri kuchotsa ndalama zothandizira anthu opanga makompyuta pa makonzedwe odalira mtengo ndi zotsatira zake. Maprogramu a Medicaid m'mayiko ambiri akuthandiza nawo pa ntchito zopereka umboni za boma ndipo akupanga njira zawo zogulira zinthu zamtengo wapatali. Kuyesayesa kumeneku kumafuna ndalama zambiri pa zolembera, kupima bwino, ndi kukwaniritsa pangano la opereka chithandizo. Kusinthako kungawongolere ndi kuchepetsa mtengo, koma kusinthako n’kovuta ndipo kumafuna kudzipereka kopitirizabe.

Kukonzekera Zamsanga za Umoyo wa Anthu Onse

Mliri wa Chovid-19 wovumbula mavuto a zaumoyo wa anthu onse ku mlingo wa boma ndi malo, kuphatikizapo kusasangalatsa anthu, kupereŵera kwa antchito, ndi madongosolo a zaluso a misinkhu yapita. Mayiko ambiri tsopano akuika ndalama m'madongosolo amakono a zaumoyo wa anthu, kuphatikizapo madongosolo oyang'anira, mphamvu za malaboratori, ndi njira zothandizira za mwamsanga. Kuika ndalama pa kampani ya American Replation Plan Act ndi malamulo ena kwapereka ndalama, koma kuwongolera kumeneku kudzafuna kudzipereka kwa boma.

Kugwirizana pa Zaumoyo ndi Kufufuza

Pali kuzindikira kowonjezereka kuti kufikira zotulukapo zabwino za thanzi kumafuna kusamalira madongosolo a zinthu. Maboma akuwongolera kuthekera kwawo kwa kusonkhanitsa ndi kupenda zinthu pa kuchepa kwa thanzi, ndipo ambiri akuika mikole yeniyeni ya kuchepetsa kugaŵana m'madera onga imfa za amayi, imfa za makanda, ndi matenda osachiritsika. Maboma ena akhazikitsa zipatala zoikizira za dongosolo la zinthu ndipo akugwirizanitsa kulinganiza kwa malamulo m'mbali zonse.

Mapeto ake: Kufunika Kosatha kwa Utsogoleri wa Boma

Maboma ali ndi malo aakulu m'madongosolo a zaumoyo a ku America, kuyang'anira malamulo a ndalama zoyendetsera moyo, misika ya inshuwalansi, thanzi la anthu onse, ndi Medicaid . Zosankha zawo zili ndi ziyambukiro zachindunji ndi zokhoza kuyambukira thanzi ndi ubwino wa anthu awo. Pamene kuli kwakuti maboma amayang'anizana ndi mavuto aakulu kuphatikizapo kutsendereza, kugaŵidwa kwa ndale zadziko, ndi kusoŵa kwa ntchito, iwo alinso ndi mwaŵi wa kuyambitsa ndi kutsogolera m'madera onga ngati chisamaliro chamtengo wake, thawe, ndi kusamala thanzi.

Kwa aphunzitsi ndi ophunzira, kuzindikira mbali ya maboma a boma kumapereka dongosolo la kuwongolera zaumoyo ndi kuchirikiza kuwongolera. Kusiyanasiyana kwa boma kumafikanso ku laboratori yachilengedwe yophunzirira ntchito ndi zimene sizili, kupereka umboni umene ungadziŵitse lamulo pamlingo uliwonse wa boma. Pamene malo a zaumoyo akupitirizabe kusinthika, maboma adzakhalabe ofunikira kwambiri polondola dongosolo la zaumoyo limene lili lotheka, lokhoza, ndi loyenera kwa onse.

Kaamba ka kuŵerenga kowonjezereka pa malamulo a zaumoyo wa boma, chezerani Kaiser Family Foundation system ya boma pepala la zaumoyo , Conference ya National of State Legislatures chigawo cha umoyo [, ndi [FLT ,4] machenter a Medicare & Mdicaid Services Mdicaid [ tsamba:5].