Malamulo a malo okhala ndi mphamvu yofunika kwambiri imene imaumba thanzi, kukhazikika, ndi kukhazikika kwa anthu m'dzikolo. Kuchokera ku malamulo otetezera malo obiriŵira ku malamulo oletsa kutulutsa mpweya wa maindasitale, malamulo ameneŵa amayambukira mwachindunji anthu okhala m’mlengalenga, madzi amene amamwa, ndi dziko lomwe ali. Pamene kuli kwakuti malamulo a boma ndi boma amakhazikitsa miyezo ya maziko, kaŵirikaŵiri ndiwo malamulo a kumaloko / okonzedwa ndi mabungwe a mzinda, mabungwe achigawo, ndi mabungwe a madera olinganiza zinthu za m'deralo, kuti ali ndi mphamvu yaikulu kwambiri pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuzindikira mmene malamulo ameneŵa amagwirira ntchito, mapindu awo, ndi mavuto awo, ndi mmene anthu angakhalire ndi ofunika kwa aliyense amene amasamalira za mtsogolo. Nkhaniyi ikupenda mbali zosiyanasiyana za malamulo a m’deralo, kupereka ziyambukiro zawo zambiri ndi kuwapanga kukhala kopindulitsa kwambiri.

Kumvetsa Malamulo a M’deralo

Malamulo a malo okhala ndi mbali zambiri za malamulo, malamulo, ndi malamulo opangidwa ku chigawo, kapena chigawo. Anapangidwa kuti athetse nkhani za malo okhala zimene zili zapadera m'dera lina, monga kuyendetsa madzi osefukira m'madera osefukira, kuteteza malo a nyama zakuthengo, kapena kuchepetsa phokoso m'madera okhala. Mosiyana ndi malamulo a boma, amene amagwira ntchito mogwirizana kuzungulira dziko, malamulo a kumaloko angawonedwe kuti asonyeze malo apadera, chuma, ndi makhalidwe a chitaganya.

Malamulo ameneŵa kwenikweni amafotokoza mbali zingapo zofunika:

  • Dziko logwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi kumanga: Kulamulira kumene maindasitale, malonda, ndi malo okhala angamangidwe kuchinjiriza kugwiritsira ntchito kosagwirizana ndi kutetezera malo achilengedwe.
  • Air ndi mlingo wa madzi: Kuika malire a kutulutsa mpweya m'mafakitale akumaloko, kufuna zipangizo zotetezera kuipitsa, ndi kutetezera madzi akumaloko kuvunda ndi kuipitsa.
  • Madakete : Kusintha zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito, compostation, ndi kutaya zinthu zowopsa, limodzinso ndi kuyang'anira kudzaza malo ndi zotentha.
  • Kutetezera zinthu zopezeka: Kuteteza malo ozizira, nkhalango, mapaki, ndi malo ena ovuta kuwona chilengedwe kuchokera ku kutukuka kapena kuwonongeka.
  • Mlomo woipitsa ndi kuwala: Kukhazikitsa maola achete, malire pa kumanga phokoso, ndi malamulo a mdima wa thambo kuti ateteze malo ozungulira usiku.

Kupanga ndi kuonetsetsa kuti malamulo ameneŵa akutsatiridwa kaŵirikaŵiri kumaphatikizapo kumvetsera kwa anthu, kupenda malo okhala, ndi kugwirizana ndi akatswiri a kumaloko.

Mapindu a Malamulo a M’malo Okhala

Malamulo a zachilengedwe a m’derali akapangidwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, amapereka mapindu ambiri amene amawongolera moyo wa anthu okhala m’deralo ndi kulimbikitsa anthu onse.

Kuthandiza Anthu Kukhala Athanzi

Mwinamwake chifukwa chachikulu kwambiri cha malamulo a malo okhala ndicho kugwirizana kwawo kwachindunji ndi thanzi la anthu. Mwa kuchepetsa zoipitsa za mpweya zonga ngati zinthu zowonongeka ndi natrogen oxide, anthu angachepetse kuchuluka kwa chifuwa cha asima, nthenda ya mtima, ndi matenda a m’mapapo. Mwachitsanzo, mizinda imene yatengera malamulo oletsa kudwala kwa magalimoto ndi mabasi yaona kuwongolera koyenera kwa matenda a asima. Malamulo a madzi amene amaletsa kusefukira kwa zonyansa ndi kutulutsa maindasitale angatetezere ku kumira madzi, kuchepetsa upandu wa m’mimba ndi kuwonongeka kwa makemikolo a poizo. Malinga ndi [FLT:] U. . . . . A bungwe loteteza matenda a matenda a matenda a asidiacte opansi adwa ndi mafakitale athandiza kuteteza anthu zikwi zambiri chaka chilichonse, ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu a m'malo akwane.

Moyo Wokometsedwa

Mpweya woyera ndi madzi sizimangothandiza chabe kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Malamulo a kumaloko amene amasunga malo obiriŵira, amafuna kubzala mitengo m’zochitika zatsopano, ndi kuchepetsa phokoso la kumanga kapena makampani ausiku wapita kumbuyo kumathandiza kukhazikitsa bata, malo okongola. Mapaki ndi malo achilengedwe ochirikizidwa ndi malamulo oteteza zachilengedwe amapatsa malo osangalalira, kuchita maseŵera olimbitsa thupi, ndi kugwirizana kwa anthu, zimene zimachititsa kupsinjika maganizo ndi kuwongolera bwino maganizo. Malamulo a kuunika amapangitsa anthu kuona nyenyezi usiku, pamene kuli kofunikira kuti zipangirire ziwiro zotentha m’madera a mizinda. Zonsezi zimaphatikizana kuti zipange malo kumene anthu akusangalala ndi ogwirizana kwambiri ndi malo awo okhalako.

Kupita Patsogolo Kwazachuma ndi Kukhazikika

Mosiyana ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti malamulo a malo okhala amawononga chuma, malamulo oikidwa bwino amasonkhezera ntchito ya zachuma. Malamulo omanga odalirika amalimbikitsa kumangidwa kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, zimene zimachepetsa mtengo wa zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa eni nyumba ndi mabizinesi. Malamulo amene amalimbikitsa kukonzanso ndi kutaya zinthu zotayika angayambitse ntchito pokonza ndi kukonza. Kuwonjezera apo, anthu okhala ndi mbiri yabwino kwambiri ya malo okhala, anthu atsopano, ndi mabizinesi amene amasunga ndalama zosungidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mizinda yokhala ndi malamulo obiriwira kwambiri yaona kuti chuma chambiri ndi ndalama zotsika. Kufufuza kwa World Resources Institute kumachititsa kukopa alendo okongola, kaŵirikaŵiri ndi malamulo a m'deralo, oyendetsera ndalama zowonongeka, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa madzi, ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mphamvu ya magetsi.

Kuteteza Zinthu Zachilengedwe Ndiponso Zachilengedwe

Malamulo a malowa ndi oyamba kuteteza zachilengedwe zimene zili zazing'ono kwambiri kapena zaunyinji kuti zisamalowe m'malamulo a boma kapena a boma. Malo oteteza zachilengedwe, ndi malamulo oteteza zachilengedwe amateteza malo a kuthengo a ku nkhalango ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana. Kuteteza nkhalango ndi malo otentha kumathandizanso kuti madzi a mkuntho azikhala otetezeka, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa madzi ndi kusungunula zinthu zowononga zisanafike ku mitsinje ndi kunyanja. Magulu amene amasungitsa malo osungirako a mitsinje ndi mitsinje amathandiza kuti anthu ogwiritsa ntchito mitsinje azikhala ndi madzi oyera. Kuteteza nkhalango ndi nyama komanso kuteteza kukongola kwachilengedwe kumene kumasonyeza khalidwe la anthu.

Mavuto Otsatira Malamulo a M’malo Achilengedwe

Ngakhale kuti malamulo a zachilengedwe amapindulitsa kwambiri, n’zovuta kukhazikitsa, kuonetsetsa kuti akutsatiridwa, ndiponso kuchirikiza anthu.

Kusoŵa kwa Ndalama ndi Chuma

Maboma ambiri akumagwiritsira ntchito ndalama zowonjezereka, ndipo maprogramu a malo okhala kaŵirikaŵiri amapikisana ndi zosoŵa zina zofulumira zonga ngati maphunziro, chisungiko cha anthu, ndi ziwiya zapamwamba. Ofufuza okwanira kuyang'anira kugonjera, kuikizira ziwiya zoyendera, ndi kukonzanso ndawala zopitira boma zonse zonse zimafuna ndalama. Pamene ndalama za anthu zisoŵa, kusungidwa kwa malo, ndipo makampani kapena nzika kapena nzika za dziko zinganyalanyaze malamulo osaopa chilango. Magulu ena apeza njira zothetsera, monga ngati kugwirizana ndi mabungwe osapanga phindu kapena kugwiritsira ntchito maprogramuzi kuchokera ku boma ndi mabungwe a boma, koma zimenezi nthaŵi zonse siziri zodalirika.

Kutsutsa chitaganya ndi Chitsutso cha Ndale

Malamulo amene amaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito katundu kapena kuwonjezera ndalama za mabizinesi angatsutsidwe kwambiri ndi anthu okhala m’dzikolo ndi magulu a maindasitale. Olemba nyumba angatsutse malamulo amene amachepetsa madzi panyengo ya chilala kapena ofuna kuti achotsedwe mitengo. Opititsa patsogolo anganene kuti malamulo omanga obiriwira amawonjezera kuwonongeka kwa zinthu ndi kuchepetsa ndalama. Atsogoleri andale amene akukayikira malamulo a malo okhala ndi dziko angaletse kapena kufooketsa malamulo atsopano kapena kufooketsa. Kugonjetsa kutsutsa kumeneku kumafuna kulankhulana kwabwino ponena za mapindu anthaŵi yaitali ndipo, m’nkhani zina, kupereka zisonkhetso kapena zigwiritsirizo zothandizira kuchepetsa kusinthako.

Mavuto Okakamiza

Ngakhale pamene malamulo aikidwa pa mabukuwo, kuwakhazikitsa kumakhala mutu. Mzinda umodzi ungakhale ndi maofesala ochepa okha osungitsa malamulo amene ali ndi ntchito zikwi zambiri za zinthu. Kutaya zinthu zosaloledwa, kutaya zinyalala zosayenera, ndi kuswa zilolezo za mpweya kaŵirikaŵiri zimatha kusoŵa pokhapo ngati apolisi ayamba kudandaula. Kukwera kwa makampani a kanthaŵi kochepa ndi mabizinesi a panyumba kwayambitsa mavuto atsopano, monga ngati kudandaula kwa phokoso ndi kuphwanya malamulo. Technoloji, monga ngati zipangizo zopangitsira ndi zithunzithunzi zakutali za m'mlengalenga, zimayamba kuthandiza, koma kumafuna kutsatsa malonda ndi luso limene maboma ambiri akumalo akusoŵa.

Kusiyana kwa Nkhani ndi Kudziŵitsidwa kwa Anthu

Anthu ambiri okhala m’derali ndi anthu ang'onoang'ono amalonda sadziwa malamulo a malo okhala amene amawakhudza. Mwininyumba sangadziŵe kuti mitundu ina ya utoto sungathe kuponyedwa m'zinyalala, kapena kuti kulowa m’malo mwa ng’anjo kumafuna mphamvu. Kulephera kuzindikira kumeneku kumachititsa kuti anthu asakhale odziwa zinthu mwangozi ndipo kungasokonezetse mphamvu ya malamulo. Makampani a maphunziro a boma, zipangizo za zinenero, ndi mayanjano ndi magulu a anthu a m'deralo, angathandize kutsegulira mpata umenewu, koma kukwaniritsa aliyense kumakhala kovuta.

Kufufuza Malamulo a M’malo Achilengedwe Kuchitidwa

Kupenda zitsanzo zenizeni za dziko kumatipatsa maphunziro ofunika pa ntchito, zimene sizili, ndi mmene malamulo angagwirizanirane ndi mikhalidwe ya kumaloko.

Programu ya Zero ya San Francisco

San Francisco wakhala wotsogolera kwa nthaŵi yaitali kuchepetsako zotayika. . . . . . . . . mzindawu unayamba kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo a kukonza ndi kutsatsa malamulo a anthu onse ndi mabizinesi, kuletsa zinthu zina monga matumba apulasitiki ndi polystyrene, ndi kukhazikitsa njira zitatu zowonongera zinthu zowonongeka (zonga kutaya, compast, doclefish). Pamene kuli kwakuti zolinga za mzindawo sizinasanganizidwe mokwanira ndi 80%% ya makampani, programu ya kutsitsa zotayitsa nthaka, kupangidwa kwa zobiriwira, ndi kudula mpweya kuchokera ku zinthu zopangidwa ndi zomera. Chinsi cha mafakitale chinali chopambana, chopambana, ndi chosagwirizana ndi chiwonjezeko cha anthu andale, kuphatikizapo makampani ena ogwirizana ogwirizana ndi zinyalala za m’malo.

Mphepo Yokongola ya ku Seattle

Seattle amafunanso kuti nyumba zatsopano za malonda ndi zokhalamo pa ukulu wina zikhale ndi miyezo yodalirika yodalirika, yonga ngati LeED Silver creant kapena yofanana. Makina a Green Building Olding , kupulumutsa eni chuma mamiliyoni ambiri m'mtengo. Lamulo lasonkhezeranso kusintha kwa zinthu, kupanga, kupanga ndi kumanga, ndipo lathandizira kutchuka kwa mzinda monga malo obiriwira. Limodzi latsimikizira kuti kukhoza kuwonongeka, ndipo lakhala likuyendetsa nyumba zokongola.

Kukula kwa Matauni a Portland

Mu 1979, Portland , Oregon, adakhazikitsa Urback Boundary (UGB) kuti ateteze matauni ndi kuteteza munda wozungulira nkhalango. UGB ndi mzera walamulo umene umaika malire a kukula kwatsopano, kufuna kuti dzikolo ligwiritsidwe ntchito bwino kupyola malire, kuchuluka kwa zinthu. Lamulo limeneli lathandiza kuteteza malo opitirira 25 miliyoni a munda ndi malo otsegula m'dera la Willamaballet, pamene kuli kwakuti kulimbikitsanso kutukuka kwa ulendo ndi kuchepetsa galimoto. Otsutsa a UG atsutsa kuti UB yathandizira kuchepetsa ndalama zomangira nyumba mwa kuchepetsa zoperekedwa, koma ochirikiza akuwonjezera kukwera, kuchuluka kwa anthu, kukwera bwino kwa anthu, ndi malo okhalamo. Portland ikupitiriza kuwongolera malire kupyola kwa anthu, kuwonjezera zisonkhetso za UB ndi kuchepetsako kwa malingana ndi kuyendetsa ntchito audindo ena aupainiya.

Kugwirizana ndi Chigwirizano cha Malo Okhala

Kuti malamulo a malo okhala akhale othandiza, anthu ayenera kuwamvetsa, kuwachirikiza, ndi kutengamo mbali m’kukula kwawo ndi kusungitsa malamulo.

Malo Ogwirira Ntchito a Onse ndi Milandu

Kugwira malo ochitira pulogalamu ndi makutu anthaŵi zonse kumathandiza anthu kuphunzira malamulo operekedwa, kufunsa mafunso, ndi kupereka yankho. Zochitika zimenezi ziyenera kukhala zofikirika . Ziyenera kukhala m'malo a anthu, malaibulale, kapena pa Intaneti. Ndi kuperekedwa panthaŵi zosiyanasiyana kuti agwirizane ndi mandandanda osiyanasiyana. Omasulira ndi zipangizo za zinenero zambiri zingathandize kuphatikizapo anthu osakhala Angelezi. Olankhula mawu apamwamba apamwamba amaphatikizapo zinthu zothandizira kuona, maphunziro, ndi odziŵa kulankhula bwino nkhani m’chinenero chosavuta.

Mabungwe Okopa Anthu

Kukhazikitsa bungwe lalamulo la anthu okhala m’dziko, eni mabizinesi, ndi ochirikiza malo okhala kumapatsa anthu mawu apadera m'malamulo olinganiza. Mabungwe a ofufuza angapende malamulo operekedwa, kuyerekeza kusintha, ndi kuyang'anira ntchito zothandiza. Amatumikiranso monga akazembe, kufalitsa chidziŵitso ndi kukulitsa chidaliro pakati pa boma ndi anthu. Kuti akhale othandiza. Mabungwe ameneŵa ayenera kusonyeza kusiyana kwa anthu ndi chuma cha chitaganya, ndipo zikalata zawo ziyenera kutengedwa mwamphamvu ndi opanga zosankha.

Zida Zogwiritsa Ntchito Makompyuta ndi Zotumizira Nkhani

Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mawebusaiti, mapulogalamu a pa Intaneti, ndi mapulogalamu a m’manja kuti afotokoze zinthu zatsopano, ayankhe mafunso komanso kuti apeze mfundo zolondola. Mwachitsanzo, mzinda ungapange nyumba yovomerezeka yofotokoza malamulo ogwiritsa ntchito mavidiyo ndi zithunzi, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito Instagram posonyeza makampani obiriwira ndi zinthu zoyera. Zida zothandizira anthu opanga zinthu monga mamepu a pa Intaneti amene akusonyeza kuti zinthu zikubwera kapena zinthu zachilengedwe zikhoza kuwathandiza kuti apite patsogolo ndi kufotokoza za kuswa malamulo ndi kuswa malamulo.

Kugwirizana ndi Mabungwe Akumaloko

Zosapindulitsa, sukulu, mayanjano a m'dera, ndi magulu achikhulupiriro angakhale ogwirizana mwamphamvu m'dongosolo la malo okhala. Iwo kaŵirikaŵiri akhazikitsa chidaliro ndi njira zolankhulirana zimene mabungwe a boma alibe. Mwakugwirizana ndi magulu ameneŵa, maboma akomweko angafutukule, kugwiritsira ntchito madongosolo aufulu, ndi kuyambitsa maprogramu a maphunziro. Mwachitsanzo, kugwirizana ndi bungwe lowonongeka la kumaloko kungatsogolere ku programu ya kugaŵira migolo ya mvula imene imachirikiza malamulo a mkuntho, pamene kuli kwakuti mgwirizano wa sukulu ungapange mpikisano wa ophunzira wopanga maprogramu opanga ntchito zimene zimachirikiza kuchepetsa kwa malamulo.

Zomwe Zidzachitike M’tsogolo mwa Malamulo a Zachilengedwe

Mavuto a kusintha kwa nyengo, kuchuluka kwa anthu, ndi kusintha kwa luso la zopangapanga zikusonkhezera chisinthiko cha malamulo a malo okhala.

Kusintha kwa Nyengo

Pamene nyengo yoopsa iyamba kuchitika, anthu akukonzanso malamulo omanga kuti atetezere mafunde, mphepo zamkuntho, ndi maluwa. Malamulo angafunikire maziko okwera m'zipinda zoziziritsa, madenga ozizira kuchepetsa kutentha, ndi malo okongoletsa ochititsa chilala. Mizinda ina ikukonza njira zothandizira kuti nyumba zobiriwira zikhale zobiriwira, monga mabwalo oyendera ndi malo osungiramo mvula, m'maprojekiti a anthu onse. Malamulo a kumaloko adzalola ndi kukonzanso njira zoyendera nyengo.

Kupima Kwaluso

Masewera, ma frons, ndi luntha lakupeka zikupangitsa kusamala kuyendera malo okhala m’nthaŵi yeniyeni. Makompyuta a mpweya angachenjezetse osonkhezera kutentha kapena kutulutsa mpweya kwa maindasitale, pamene kuli kwakuti zithunzi za satellite zingaone kutaya kapena kudula mitengo kosakhala kwa lamulo. Matauni ena akuyendetsa zinyalala zaluso zimene zimadzaza milingo ndi njira zosungiramo zinthu. Zopangapangapanga zimenezi zingachepetse mtengo wa kusungitsa ndi kuwongolera bwino, komanso zimakwezanso nkhaŵa zimene oyendetsa zinthu afunikira kuzipereka.

Kuchirikiza chitaganya ndi Kupanga Nawo Malamulo

Pali njira yomakulakula ya kutsogolera kwapadera, kumene nzika zimathandizira kupanga malamulo ogwirizana mmalo mwa kungolankhula pa iwo pambuyo pa kuwalemba. Izi zingatenge mtundu wa majuli a nzika, masankho odzisankhira, kapena mapulatifomu a pa intaneti amene amalola kupanga mapangano. Njira zoterozo zimapanga malamulo amene amavomerezedwa kwambiri ndi kukonzedwa bwino kwambiri ndi kugwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi zosoŵa za kumaloko. Iwo amawonjezeranso pangano la boma ndi kudalira boma.

Ntchito ya M’deralo

Mavuto ambiri a malo okhala .Monga kuipitsa mpweya, kuchuluka kwa madzi, ndi kuteteza nyama za kuthengo . Malamulo amtsogolo adzaphatikizapo kugwirizana kwa magawo apafupi, kupanga miyezo ya chigawo kaamba ka chuma chimodzi. Mwachitsanzo, matauni ambiri angagwirizane ndi mapulani oyang'anira madzi a mphepo kapena kugwirizana ku malo osungirako zinthu za m'deralo. Mabungwe a Regional Community angagwirizanitsenso chuma cha lamulo ndi kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso, kupanga maprogramu owonongera ndalama zambiri.

Kumaliza

Malamulo a malo okhala ndi mphamvu kwambiri yothandiza anthu kukhala athanzi labwino, otetezeka, ndiponso opirira kwambiri. Amateteza thanzi la anthu, kuwonjezera moyo, kulimbikitsa kutukuka kwa chuma, ndi kuteteza zinthu zachilengedwe zimene zimafotokoza khalidwe la chigawo. Komabe, malamulo ogwira ntchito amafunika kukonza bwino, zipangizo zokwanira, kuonetsetsa kuti anthu azikhala mwachangu, ndipo, makamaka, kugwirizana kwamphamvu. Mwa kumvetsa mavuto onse awiri, anthu okhala m’deralo ndi opanga malamulo aluso, othandiza, ndi kulabadira kusintha kwa zinthu. Kulamulira kwa chilengedwe kwa kumaloko kudzadziŵika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zaumisirikizidwa, kukhudzana kwambiri, ndi kugwirizana ndi anthu. Kaya ndinu mwini nyumba, mwini bizinesi, kapena nzika yosamala, ndiponso wodziŵa kukhala wodziŵa kuyang'anira malo okhala ndi anthu, ndi kukwaniritsa zosankha zabwino za m’mudzi wanu, ndi kusankhana m’njira zabwino kwambiri zachikhalidwe.