Raje Sabba, nyumba yapamwamba ya Palamende ya India, ili ndi malo apadera a malamulo m'maluso a boma m'dzikolo. Mosiyana ndi Lok Sabba, amene mamembala ake amasankhidwa mwachindunji ndipo amene ali ogwirizana ndi dongosolo la chisankho cha dzikolo, Rajiya Sabba amapangidwa ndi oimira osankhidwa ndi mabungwe a boma, kuphatikizapo chiŵerengero chochepa cha ziŵalo zokhala ndi luso m'magawo monga mabuku, sayansi, luso, ndi ntchito ya chikhalidwe. Mabungwe ameneŵa amapangitsa Rajiya Sabbaha kukhala ndi kaonekedwe kanthaŵi kotali kake ndi kakhalidwe kopatulapo, kupangitsa kuti izikhudza kwambiri pamene akulankhula mocholoŵa m'dera, kukwera kwa anthu okalamba, kusonkhezera ndi kuchirikiza moyo wa anthu okalamba. Ntchito za m'chipinda, komiti, ndi zokambirana zapamwamba za m'dziko la Aindiya ziyambukiro za kukonza moyo wa Aindiya ndi kuchepetsa ufulu wa kuukira kuukira kwa lamulo. Nkhaniyi, ikupitirizabe kusonkhezera mphamvu ya ukalamba wa kufalikira kwa anthu okalamba, ndi kuchirikiza njira ya kufalikira kwa anthu.

Kupenda: Chifukwa Chake Mbali ya Raje Sabba Ili Yofunika

India akusintha chiŵerengero cha anthu m’mbiri. Malinga ndi kunena kwa United Nations Population Prospects 2022 , chiŵerengero cha Amwenye a zaka 60 ndi pamwamba chikulinganizidwa kukwera kuchokera pa 10% mu 2021 kufika pafupifupi 202% pa 2050. Kutembenuza ku pafupifupi anthu okalamba mamiliyoni 340 pakati pa zaka zapakati. Kusintha kumeneku kumadzetsa kufunika kwakukulu kwa njira zotetezera za anthu, nyumba zotetezera anthu, nyumba zokongola, ndi malamulo amene amateteza ulemu ndi ufulu. Sabyaha , monga nyumba imene imapenda malamulo a nthaŵi yaitali ndi kusiyanasiyana, ndi kuimira malo apadera, nkukhala ndi kukambitsirana kwa zaka zisanu. Nthaŵi zambiri zimatumikira zigawo zimenezi, kaŵirikaŵiri zimatumikira ntchito za zaka zake zothandizira, ndi kuwongolera kwa zaka zisanu.

Kuimira Anthu Azigawo Zosiyanasiyana

Kupangidwa kwa anthu okalamba a ku India sikuli kosiyana. Mayiko onga Kerala ndi Tamil Nadu ali ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu cha anthu okalamba, pamene kuli kwakuti maiko onga Bihar ndi Uttar Pradesh ali ndi anthu achichepere. Chikalata cha Rajiya Sabba , chilengezo chilichonse chotumiza anthu ambiri ogwirizana ndi anthu ake okalamba. Otsatira malamulo a boma a Samyaha brack omwe amamveka m'malamulo a dzikolo. Mwachitsanzo, ziŵalo za Kerala zayambitsa nkhani zokhudza okalamba ndi a penshoni, pamene kuli kwakuti ziŵalo za maiko achichepere zasonyeza kwambiri kugaŵana kwa chuma. Mkhalidwe wa bomawu umathandiza kuti malamulo a Rajinya Sabaha asiya a m'dzikolonje, osati kusiyanitsa ndi mtundu umodzi.

Ntchito Zopanga Malamulo: Mmene Raje Sabha Amangira Mfundo Zaukalamba

Rajiya Sabba si ntchito ya lamulo chabe. Nyumba yapamwamba, imapenda, kukonzanso, ndipo nthaŵi zina imayamba ndi ndalama zokhudza moyo wa anthu okalamba. Pamene kuli kwakuti ndalama zapepala zingachokere ku Lok Sabba, Rajiya Sabha ali ndi mphamvu ya kuchedwa kapena kuvomereza ku kukonzedwa kwa malamulo ena, ndipo kugwirizana kwake kumafunidwa kuti lamulo lililonse lisinthe. M'kaikidwe ka malamulo aukalamba, mbali zingapo za malamulo zakhala zikudutsa pa Rajan Sabha.

Chilamulo cha Makolo ndi Nzika Zachikulire, 2007

Mwinamwake lamulo lotchuka kwambiri m'nkhaniyi ndilo Sevenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act , 2007. Raje Sabba anachita mbali yaikulu m'kuyeretsa lamulo limeneli mkati mwa ulendo wake. Act akupereka thayo lalamulo kwa ana kapena achibale kusamalira makolo okalamba, ndi kukhazikitsa mabwalo a milandu ya mwamsanga yokhudza kusamalira ndi kuteteza. Pa nthawi ya kutsutsana kwa Rapya Sabba, mamembala a ntchito zolimba yolimbana ndi kuzunza akulu, malongosoledwe omveka bwino a ‘ kuyendetsa zinthu, ndi njira zothandizira kukonza zinthu pamlingo wa udzu. Kumasulira komaliza kwa Chichitidwecho kumaphatikizaponso makonzedwe a kukhazikitsa nyumba za okalamba ndi kutetezera malo ake ndi kuchuluka kwa chuma chake kuti ayendetsedwe ku Sargan.

Kusamalira ndi Kukhazikika kwa Makolo ndi Nzika Zachikulire (Chikhalidwe Chapamwamba), 2024

Posachedwapa, Rajiya Sabba wakhala akufufuza za kusintha kwa zinthu pa act a 2007. Kusinthaku kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezera tanthauzo la ‘ ana opeza ndi ana olera, kuwonjezera chilango cha kusiyidwa, ndi kutheketsa anthu achikulire kuchotsa katundu ngati zinthu zosafunika kwenikweni sizikukwaniritsidwa. Komiti ya Rajiya Sabba ya Signa pa Chilungamo ndi Magestment, imene nthaŵi zambiri imapereka umboni wokwanira wokhudzana ndi kukonzanso zinthu zimenezi.

Ntchito ya Makomiti a Nyumba ya Malamulo

Kupyola pa mikangano yapansi, makomiti a Raje Sabba a chisonkhezero cha okalamba amaperekedwa kupyolera m'makomiti ake. Komiti ya Disma pa Chilungamo ndi Malo, Komiti ya Zaumoyo ndi Banja, Komiti ya Zachuma zonsezo zimapenda nthaŵi zonse nkhani zokhudza ukalamba. Makomiti ameneŵa amaitana akuluakulu kuchokera ku mautumiki monga Ministry of Social Justice and Maclementmentmentment, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, ndi Ministry of Department yofotokoza kukwaniritsa malamulo, kulinganiza ndalama, ndi zipambano. Malipo zake kaŵirikaŵiri zimakhala ndi tsatanetsatane ndi zocheperapo kukambitsirana, kupangitsa mautumiki amphamvu kaamba ka chitukuko.

Kufufuza za Mlandu: Lamulo la Dziko la Anthu Achikulire

Mu 1999, India anatengera bungwe la National Policy for Elder Persons (NPOP), lomwe cholinga chake chinali kuonetsetsa kuti okalamba ndi otetezeka. Komabe, ntchito yake inachepa. M'makomiti angapo a Rajiya Sabba m’zaka zotsatira, mamembala anagogomezera mipata ya kuchotsa ndalama za penshoni, kusoŵa kwa chithandizo cha mankhwala kumadera akumidzi, ndi kusasamalira kopereŵera kwa mabungwe. Malipotiwa anasonkhezera boma kuyambitsa bungwe la Integrated Programme ya Olence for Elder Peral Person (IPOP) mu 2010, ndalama zimene zipata zosamalira anthu ovutika kugwiritsa ntchito penshoni, ndi makampani ambiri oyendera mankhwala a okalamba. Raja Sab Sabba anali woyang'anira ntchito yothandiza kusintha kwa zinthu.

Chiyambukiro pa Programu za Chikhalidwe cha Anthu

Chisonkhezero cha Raje Sabra sichikukhudzana ndi malamulo ndipo komiti ikusimba za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa makonzedwe a kakhalidwe ka anthu. Mwa kufunsa, zero, ndi kutsata kwapadera, nthaŵi zonse amadzutsa zidandaulo zotsimikizirika . Monga ngati kuchedwa pa ndalama za penshoni, kusoŵa mapindu a Ayushman Bharat kwa okalamba, kapena kusapereka kwa ndalama zokwanira za Pradan Manda Vandana Yja (PMVVY). Zimenezi zimasonkhezera chisamaliro ndi kukakamiza ntchito za nyuzi kuti zimve chidziŵitso, mafotokozedwe, kapena njira zowongolondola.

Kupanga Luso la Kuvala

Bungwe la National Pension System (NPS) ndi Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAP) onse aŵiri apendedwa mu Rajiya Sabba . Mamembala aitanira ndalama za penshoni ya mwezi ndi mwezi (pakali pano 76200-500, kudalira pa msinkhu), kuigwirizanitsa ndi kukwera mtengo kwa ndalama, ndi kuwonjezera kuphatikiza antchito ena a m'chigawo chamwaŵi. Mu 20222, kutsatira mafunso opitirizabe mu Rajiya Sabbaha, boma linalengeza ndalama zowonjezereka za penshoni pansi pa PMS Kisan Dhangia, zimene zimapereka ndalama yanda ya mwezi ndi mwezi wa alimi aang'onoa ndi apansi pa ntchito yapansi pamalipiro. Pamene kulibe kwa okalamba, njira imeneyi ikusonyeza mmene Saryabba angathandizire chitetezo m’chitukuko.

Kupeza Njira Zosamalira Thanzi

Kusamalira thanzi ndi mutu wankhani wobwerezabwereza mu Rajiya Sabhaha wotsutsana ndi ukalamba. Ayushman Bharat Pradhat Mantari Jan Arogya Yoyana (PM-JAY) akupereka kwa thanzi la 765 lakh pachaka kaamba ka chisamaliro chachiŵiri ndi cha materiya. Komabe, okalamba amayang'anizana ndi mavuto apadera: iwo kaŵirikaŵiri amafuna chisamaliro pa mikhalidwe yosatha, amafunikira kutsata kwa nthaŵi yaitali manyuksi, ndipo ali othekera kuchotsedwa ku ku kukambitsirana kwa banja ngati akukhala okha. Mamembala a Rayya Sabba adzu adzu adzutsa nkhani zimenezi mobwerezabwereza, kutsogolera ku kunyamuka kwa Ayushman Mandadirdar ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mautumiki. Kuphatikizapo, [Flma:]

Nkhani Zonena za Kuchitira Nkhanza Akulu ndi Kudzipatula

Chimodzi cha zopereka zosawoneka bwino koma zofunika kwambiri za Rajiya Sabba chakhala chikukulitsa kuzindikira ponena za kuchitiridwa nkhanza kwa achikulire ndi kudzipatula kwa anthu. [[FLT: 0] Bungwe la World Health Organization likuyerekezera kuti munthu mmodzi mwa okalamba asanu ndi mmodzi amachitiridwa nkhanza padziko lonse. Ku India, madzoma a chikhalidwe amaletsa mikhole kunenera za kuchitiridwa nkhanza, ndipo kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso kumakhala kofooka. Rajeya Sabba walinganiza mikangano yapadera pa nkhaniyi, kutchula National Crimes Recoubles Bureauals ndi maphunziro ochokera ku Njogs. Kutsutsana kumeneku kwatsogolera kukonza malangizo achitsanzo a Mafuko a akulu ndi kulangiza akulu ophunzitsidwa akulu kuti asamasamalitse nkhani zamwano. [FFONT] [5]

Mavuto Opezerapo Njira Zogwirira Ntchito

Mosasamala kanthu za ntchito ya Rajiya Sabba, zitokoso zingapo zikupitirizabe. Choyamba, malo ambiri osungirako nyumba ameneŵa atsalabe pakati pa lamulo ndi zenizeni. Kusintha ndi Kusintha kwa Makolo ndi nzika za Benegatori, mwachitsanzo, kumafuna kuti chigawo chilichonse chikhale ndi bwalo ndi mkulu woyang'anira. Makomiti ambiri saonabe malo ameneŵa. Makomiti a Raja Sabba atsimikizira zimenezi mobwerezabwereza, koma maboma . Nthaŵi zambiri amene ali ndi thayo la kuyendetsa ntchito zapakhomo kapena kuyendetsa zinthu. Chachiŵiri, [FLT.FLT:] [FLD2] ndi odalirika a okalamba. Unduna wa Zabwino ndi wa Kayendetsedwe ka Kakhalidwe ka Kakhalidwe ka anthu. Maboma a Kayendere ka anthu ndi Makampani a Sabian ndi Malo a Serpargen ndi Otchuka. Makomiti a Serparce adatchuka kuthandizira kwa mautumiki otchuka, koma akulandira thandizo kwa mautumiki owonjezereka.

Kugwirizana kwa Anthu

Chitokoso china chimene Raje Sabba wayamba kuchithetsa ndicho kusagwirizana kwa anthu. Pamene anthu okalamba akukula, pali ngozi yakuti ndalama za maphunziro ndi ntchito za achichepere zingapanikizidwe. Rajiya Sabba, ndi kuchuluka kwake ndi kuchuluka kwake, ndi chachibadwa chokambirana za malonda ameneŵa. Mu 2023, kutchula kwapadera mu Rajiya Sabha ndi chiŵalo cha Madhyya Pradesh kugogomezera kufunika kwa kuchuluka kwa [[FLT: 0] National Calvaltic Isdary . Pamene kuli kwakuti palibe lamulo loterolo lomwe lachitidwa, kukambitsiranako kwayamba, ndi ku Sabya Sabata, ndi mbali ya Farma m’mbali m’kambitsirano wa mawu.

Kuyerekezera: Kuphunzira Kuchokera ku Nyumba Zina Zapamwamba

Rajiya Sabba siyake yokhayokha imene imayang'ana ku ukalamba. Nyumba zapamwamba m'madongosolo ena a boma . monga ngati nyumba ya malamulo ya United States, Bandesrat , ndi Nyumba ya Malamulo ya Australian . Imakhudzanso malamulo a okalamba. Komabe, nkhani za Aindiya ndizo zapadera chifukwa cha umphaŵi pakati pa okalamba, kusoŵa kwa chitetezo cha anthu onse, ndi kufulumira kwa ukalamba wa anthu. Rajiya Sabba waitana akatswiri a m'mayiko ena kuti amve makomiti ake, koma chidziŵitso chapamwamba chikhoza kulimbitsanso mphamvu yake. Mwachitsanzo, [FLT:] Kufufuza kwapadziko lonse, ndi kufulumira kwa anthu. Komiti ya Sanyabasha inalemba mali otchuka kwambiri pa komiti yapadziko lonse.

Malangizo a M’tsogolo

Kuyang'ana kutsogolo, Rajiya Sabba ingachite mbali yaikulu m'malo atatu ofunika kwambiri. Choyamba, [FLT: 0] kugwiritsa ntchito maluso ndi mlingo wa [1]: Okalamba kaŵirikaŵiri ndiwo ochotsedwa kwambiri pa mautumiki a makompyuta. Ziŵalo zayambitsa mafaindi ndi zosankha zoitanira kaamba ka malo a masamu ndi malo oŵerengera ndi kufeŵerako malo oyenerera. Komiti ya Sabbaha ingakakamize ndalama zopatulira kaamba ka kugwirizanitsa kwa achikulire. Yachiŵiri, [FLT:] Yaikulukulukulukulu ya nyumba [FLT: 3]: India ali ndi nyumba zochepa kwambiri ndi malo othandizira ofunikira. Komiti ya Savyaha ya Zaumoyo ya Opatulidwa ndi yoyamikiridwa ndi yoyamikiridwa ndi yoyamikiridwa ndi Chilungamo. Chithandizo chachi chachi chachi chachi. Chithandizo chachi chachichi chikachi chachikulu chachikulu cha ku . [F.]

Mabuku a Ziŵalo Zapamseri ndi Chiyambukiro Chawo

Pamene kuli kwakuti malamulo ambiri amayambitsidwa ndi boma, mamembala achinsinsi a m'Rajiya Sabha akhazikitsa nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi njira yosinthira zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, lamulo loyambitsidwa mu 2019 linafuna kupangitsa chigamulo cha zipatala zonse za boma kukhala ndi malo osungirako anthu odwala. Ngakhale kuti sichinakhale lamulo, kufalitsidwa kwa ndalamazo kunatsogolera Ministry of Health kuti ipereke malo a kukhazikitsa malo ochezera. Mofananamo, chiŵalo cha munthu mmodzi pa nyumba zokongola njira zotsegulidwa ndi mapangano a dziko lonse mu 201] kutsegula makambitsirano a eni nyumbawo pa mmene eni nyumba angapangire katundu wawo popanda kuthawa. Savyabashassss. Mofananamo, chiŵalo chachinsinsi cha kukambirana ndi malingaliro ameneŵa pamene sakambirana mwamsanga ndi boma.

Kumaliza

Rajiya Sabba amakhudza kwambiri malamulo a anthu okalamba ndi anthu okalamba. Kuchokera ku lamulo losintha zinthu monga Kusamalira ndi Kusunga Makolo ndi Kusamalira nzika za Aunike mpaka kuyang'anira zopereka ndalama zapansi ndi zaumoyo, nyumba yapamwamba imatumikira monga macheke ovuta ndi kuchititsa malingaliro. Dongosolo la komiti yake limapereka kuchuluka, ndipo mamembala ake amatulutsa kuzungulira madera ena. Komabe, kuyesa kwenikweni kwa mphamvu imeneyi kuli m'ntchito. Rajya Sabba angapitirizebe kulimbitsa ntchito yake mwa kulamula kwa matalenteko kwa akuluakulu a boma, mwa kugwirizanitsa mbali zake zazitali, ndi kugwirizanitsa mfundo za , ndi kugwirizanitsa mbali zake, ndi kuchirikiza malo ake apadera apamwamba, ndi kuchirikiza ufulu wa kuchirikiza ufulu wa anthu a ku India.