Ntchito ya Raje Sabra mu Lamulo la Kuletsa Masoka a M’dziko la Shaping Disaster.

Raje Sabba, monga nyumba yapamwamba ya nyumba ya malamulo ya India ya badamaral, ili ndi malo apadera m'dongosolo la malamulo. Chiyambukiro chake pa tsoka la dziko ndi kuyankha sichiri chabe kukonzekera koma kutsimikizira kuti malamulo akutsutsana ndi mawonekedwe ambiri . Kuphatikizapo mapangano a anthu ambiri, luso, ndi chikhalidwe. Mosiyana ndi Lok Sabba, amene amaimira kusankhidwa kwachindunji, Raja Sabhaha akuphatikizapo ziŵalo za akatswiri awo m’minda monga sayansi, mabuku, ndi kuyang'anira anthu, limodzi ndi oimira a m'mayiko ndi m'magawo. Kupanga kumeneku kumadzetsa chidziŵitso ndi kugwirizanitsa ndi malamulo a zankhondo ndi kukonza ndi kukonza malamulo a ngozi.

Ulendo wa lamulo wa lamulo la lamulo lokhudza nyumba iliyonse. Ntchito ya Rajiya Sabba imakhala yovuta panthaŵi yopenda: imapenda lamulo la mawulo mwa kukonza, imapereka malingaliro, ndipo ingalipereke ku Lok Sabba ndi zikalata. Kufufuza kumeneku kumayambitsa malamulo amene amateteza kapena kuletsa kuphwanya malamulo. Mwachitsanzo, Disaster Megamement Act, 2005.

Kupenda ndi Kukonzanso Zinthu

Makomiti a Raje Sabra a ku Sabra akukhalapo, makamaka Komiti ya Malamulo a Panyumba ndi Komiti ya Sayensi ndi Technology, kaŵirikaŵiri amayang'anira kusanthula kwa thango la ngozi. Makomiti ameneŵa amapempha kugonjera kwa akatswiri, mabungwe a anthu, ndi maboma. Malipoti otulukapo amaumba malemba omalizira a malamulo. Chitsanzo chodziŵika ndicho National Disaster Affaial Memonment (Amendiance) Bill, 2019, amene anatchulidwa ku komiti ya pakhomageomete pambuyo podzulidwa m'manthauzira za kusintha koyembekezeredwa kwa ntchito ya National Disastergation Authority Authority (NMA). Chikalata cha komiticho chinatsimikizira kuti akuluakulu a boma ayang'anira ngozi apitirize kugwira ntchito kwawo pamene anali kutsatira malangizo a dziko.

Kupyola pa kusintha, Raje Sabra angasonkhezerenso malamulo kupyolera mwa ndalama za ziŵalo zaumwini. Ngakhale kuti oŵerengeka amaperekedwa, iwo kaŵirikaŵiri amakakamiza makambitsirano a nyumba ya malamulo pa mipata m'malamulo omwe alipo. Mwachitsanzo, lamulo la chiŵalo chaumwini la kugwirizanitsa kusintha kwa nyengo kukhala kuyankha kwa tsoka linafotokozedwa mu Rajiya Sabra mu 2021, kutsogolera ku ntchito yapamwamba yotsatira yochotsa National Disatage Management Plan.

Zochitika Zosaiwalika za M’mbiri: Malamulo Aakulu Opangidwa ndi Raje Sabba

Chisinthiko cha kuyang’anira kwa tsoka la India chasonyezedwa ndi zochitika zazikulu zingapo za lamulo, chimodzi ndi chimodzi chikusonyeza zopereka za Raje Sabba.

Pangano Loona za Masoka la Mu 2005 (DMA 2005)

Asilikali a ku Rajeya Sabba adafunsidwa kuti aone ngati pali mphamvu zambiri zotha kusokoneza zinthu panyanja ya tsunami ya 2004. Mamembalawa anakambirana kwambiri za ndalama za akuluakulu a boma, ntchito ya mabungwe a boma, ndiponso lamulo lochepetsa ngozi za tsunami (DRR). Lamulo lomaliza linakhazikitsa nyumba zitatu za asilikali a boma. NDMA ku chigawo cha boma, Boma loyang'anira za chigawo (SDMAs), ndi bungwe la National Disaster Resprition Force Force (NDRR) monga maphtion. Rajya Sabha anakhazikitsa lamulo lapadera lokhudzana ndi kuteteza anthu ndi kuteteza gulu la anthu.

Bungwe Loona za Masoka a Dziko, mu 2009

Ngakhale kuti si lamulo, lamulo limeneli linaikidwa pansi pa DMA 2005 ndi kuperekedwa ku nyumba zonse ziŵiri. Kutsutsana kwa Raje Sabba kunasonkhezera chikalata chomaliza mwa kugogomezera kufunika kwa kugwirizanitsa chidziŵitso cha kumaloko ndi madongosolo ochenjeza oyambirira ndi kupanga mapulani a ngozi kukhala athanzi la mwamuna ndi mkazi. Lamulolo tsopano limafuna kuti akazi aimidwe mwachindunji m’makomiti oyang’anira tsoka pa mlingo uliwonse.

Kusamalira Masoka (Kukonza) Kachitidwe, 2019

Kusintha kumeneku kunafuna kumveketsa unansi pakati pa NDMA ndi mabungwe ena, komanso kulimbikitsa chilango kwa osagwirizana. M'gulu la Rajeya Sabba, anthu otsutsa anatsutsa kuti lamulo loyamba linapereka ulamuliro wapamwamba. Kusintha kumene kunadutsa kunaphatikizapo makonzedwe ofunikira a kukambitsirana kwapamwamba kwa boma lisanapereke malangizo, kusintha konenedwa mwachindunji ndi Rayya Sabba chivo.

Kukhudza Malo Okonzera Malo Okonzera Masoka a Dzikolo

Malamulo amene atuluka ku Raje Sabha amakhudza kwambiri mmene India amakonzekera masoka. Kukonzekera kumaposa kusonkhanitsa zinthu zothandizira anthu; kumaphatikizapo mphamvu za boma, maudindo alamulo, ndi kugaŵira katundu.

Kukonzekera kwa Mabungwe: NDMA, NDRF, ndi Akuluakulu a Boma

DMA 2005 inachita bungwe la NDMA monga bungwe lotsogolera pa kayendetsedwe ka ngozi. Rajiya Sabba anaumirira kuti NDMA iphatikizepo mamembala a ukatswiri wa zaumoyo, osati kokha a bureaucrates . Lerolino, NDMA imapanga zitsogozo za zonse zochokera ku kupangidwa kwa machemical a majeremusi oyendera tsoka. Mofananamo, NDRF, yokhala ndi 16 ya nsapale yophunzitsidwa kuopsa za matenda (m'dziko, chivomezi, makemikolo, ndi zina), ikugwira ntchito pansi pa malamulo amene amatsimikizira kuti njira yake yosanja ichitidwe mofulumira ku malire a boma . Kulimba kwa boma kwakonzedwanso chifukwa chakuti boma lililonse likufuna kuti dziko likhale ndi mphamvu yake ya SDMA, ndi kuyankha kwa ndandanda ya za malamulo a boma lapakati.

Kukonzekera Mwalamulo

Pansi pa DMA 2005, mautumiki onse ndi madipatimenti ayenera kukonzekera kuyang'anira ngozi. Thayo lalamulo limeneli, loperekedwa kwa mabungwe a kumaloko pambuyo pa 2019 kukonzedwa, ndi chotulukapo cha kugogomezera kwa Raje Sabba kwa kuŵerengera mlandu. Mwachitsanzo, Ministry of Railwas imachita zopeka pachaka za kuyankha kwa ngozi ya sitima, ndipo Ministry of Health imasunga mtolo wa mankhwala ofunika ndi akatemera kaamba ka mikhalidwe yonga mliri. M'Ajaya Sabbaha a ntchito yotsimikizira zolinga zimenezi nthaŵi zonse singathe kusinthidwa; mafunso a pa malamulo onena za kuvomereza kukakamiza ntchito yapansi kuti ipende kukonzekera kwawo chaka ndi chaka.

Kukonzekera za Ndalama: Ndalama Zopereka Zotsatira Ngozi

Rajiya Sabba wakhala akuthandiza kwambiri kukonza nkhani za masoka. Chigawo 46 cha DMA 2005 chimalamula kupangidwa kwa National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF) ndi National Disaster Mitigation Fund (NDMF). Komiti ya zachuma ya Rajiya Sabba ya zachuma inayambitsa kulephera kwa ndalama zimenezi. Mu 2020, kutsatira mliri wa CHOVAD-19, Rajiya Sabba anaumiriza kuwonjezera NDRF corpus ndi kuyambitsa ndalama zopatula za ngozi zachilengedwe. Chivoti cha boma chinatsogolera ku ku kugaŵa ndalama za 93500 zokonzedwa ndi mliri wa ndalama 201.

Kuthandiza Anthu Okhudzidwa ndi Tsoka

Pamene tsoka lichitika, malamulo opangidwa ndi Raje Sabba amadziŵikitsa mmene kuchitapo kanthuko kumachitikira mofulumira ndi mokhutiritsa.

Njira Zogwirira Ntchito Zoyenera ndi Kugwirizana

DMA 2005 imapatsa mphamvu NDMA kuti ipereke malangizo ogwirizana kwa mabungwe a boma ndi apakati pa tsoka. Malangizowa, olembedwa ndi mapsipulo a kutsutsana ku Raje Sabba , akhazikitsa njira zothandizira zochenjeza zoyambirira, kuthawa, kufunafuna ndi kupulumutsa, ndi kugaŵira chithandizo. Mwachitsanzo, SOP ya yankho la mphepo yamphamvu ku Odisha / adakonzekera kuchepetsa imfa mu Syvanya Fani (209). [1] Inayamba kupangidwa pansi pa lamulo lalamulo limeneli. . . . jaya Sabha' adayamba ntchito yofuna kuonetsa kuonekera kwa SOPs, ndi kugaŵira kwawo pa Intaneti, kulola anthu kuti adziyankhidwe ndi akuluakulu aike mlandu.

Kuŵerengera ndi Kupenda Pambuyo pa Kutha

Raje Sabra Sabba amakhudzanso kuyankha mwa mafunso a nyumba ya malamulo ndi makomiti a m'dipatimenti yogwirizana ndi tsoka. Pambuyo pa tsoka lalikulu, komiti ya nkhani za panyumba imakhala ndi mlandu wopenda yankho la boma. Nthaŵi zambiri komiti imeneyi imatsogolera kuvomereza masinthidwe alamulo kapena a procedtural. Mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pa kusefukira kwa madzi kwa mu 2013, lipoti la Rajiya Sabba linatsogolera kukonzanso zimene zinalimbitsa ntchito ya National Disaster Resolution Force (NDRF) potsogolera ntchito yofufuza ndi kupulumutsa mzinda.

Kutetezeredwa Mwalamulo kwa Anthu Oyambukiridwa ndi Chiyambukiro

Raje Sabba wathandiza kuteteza anthu amene avulala. Malamulo a DMA 2005 akuti anthu a m’madera a Rajiya Sabba anathandizidwa ndi kubwezeredwa zinthu, kuvulala, ndi kutayikiridwa kwa katundu atatchulidwa kuti sanachite zinthu mobwezera. Chikalata cha 2019 chinayambitsa njira yobwezera milandu pa chigawo cha Rajiya Sabba yomwe inathandiza kwambiri anthu amene analowa m’madera otsikawo panthawi ya kusefukira kwa madzi ndi kutentha.

Mavuto ndi Mikwingwirima ya M’gulu la Raje Sabha

Ngakhale kuti Raje Sabha amathandiza, mphamvu ya Rajiya Sabha si yopanda malire.

Kusagwirizana pa Zandale ndi Kuchedwa

Malamulo a tsoka kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala a mpira wankhani zandale. Pamakani a kukonza mabwalo ankhondo 2019, Raje Sabba adawona kutsutsana kotentha pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa maulamuliro, kuchititsa kuchedwa kwa miyezi inayi pa pepala la kapepala. Kuchedwa koteroko kungakhale kokwera mtengo pamene kusintha kwalamulo kofulumira kukufunika , monga ngati, kuti athetse mipata yovumbuluka ndi miliri kapena zochitika za nyengo zowopsa ( PRS Legastive Aption of the Disaster Manage Bill, 2019 [FLD:1]).

Kuthamanga kwa Olamulira ndi Mawu Othandiza

Ngakhale pambuyo pa kuperekedwa kwa lamulo, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumadalira makina a abuluaucracy amene Raje Sabha salamulira mwachindunji. Nyumba yapamwamba ingaitanitse alembi ndi kufunsa mafunso, koma kusintha zikalata za ntchito kumafuna kuti ayang'anira. Ndiponso, komiti ya Rajiya Sabha, ngakhale kuti imagwira ntchito bwino, imalemera kwambiri, kuchititsa kupendedwa kosazama kwa mbali za luso la zopangapanga. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza maluso opangidwa monga nzeru zopeka za madongosolo ochenjeza oyambirira sikunafufuzidwe bwino m'matu m'makompyuta omvetsera.

Kuwononga Zinthu: Kusintha kwa Nyengo, ndi Masoka a M’nyanja

Malamulo, olinganizidwa kwambiri kaamba ka masoka achilengedwe onga mafunde ndi zivomezi, amafunikira kuzoloŵera ngozi zachilengedwe (monga momwe zimawonedwa mkati mwa CHOVAD-19), kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa nyengo, ndi ziwopsezo za pa Intaneti. Rajiya Sabba sanakhalebe ndi mkangano woperekedwa pa tsoka la pa Intaneti lokonzekeredwa, ngakhale kuti kukuwonjezereka kwa ngozi ya zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Mofananamo, National Disaster Management Programme Plan yatsul inatsutsidwa chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kotheratu ndi kulephera kwa Sendai Formation for Disation Reuction 20152030 ([FL:]UNRR pa ku Sendaiai exFractive producty [1] [FLD1]).

Malangizo Amtsogolo: Kulimbitsa Gawo la Raje Sabha

Kuti ngozi ya dzikolo ikhale yokonzeka ndi yokhudza anthu, Raje Sabha ayenera kusintha njira zake ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri.

Kugwiritsira Ntchito Kokulirapo kwa Makomiti Olinganizidwa Mwapadera

Raje Sabra angakhazikitse komiti yosankha yosatha yonena za ngozi za kuyang'anira, kugwiritsa ntchito ukatswiri wa ziŵalo zokhala ndi mademo, thanzi la anthu, ndi umisiri wa boma. Komiti imeneyi ingathe kuchititsa kumvetsera lamulo lililonse lokhudza ngozi isanayambitsidwe, osati pambuyo pake. Mwachitsanzo, kupenda koyambirira kwa National Disaster Management Management (Amendment), Bill, 2024 (imene ikuyembekezeredwa kuti ithetse kusintha kwa nyengo) ikhoza kutsimikizira kuti machita abwino koposa apadziko lonse aloŵetsedwa.

Kulimbitsa Uyang’aniro Wandalama

Komiti ya zachuma ya Rajiya Sabra iyenera kuyang'anira pachaka kukonzedwa kwa ndalama zothandizira tsoka. Pakali pano, ndalama zimenezi kaŵirikaŵiri zimawonongeka chifukwa cha njira zovuta. Mwa kuvomereza masinthidwe a zitsogozo za ndalama . Zonga ngati kulola malo enieni pakati pa yankho ndi kugonja . . Rajya Sabba Sabba angapange ndalama zopindulira ndi zogwira mtima kwambiri. Lipoti la 20222 lochitidwa ndi Compter ndi Woyendetsa Wamalonda (CAG) linapeza kuti 40% ya National Dispresective Fund imakhala yosasintha zinthu m'zaka zina ([[FL:] Rapotier , 2022]

Kufufuza ndi Kutengamo Mbali Kwaunyinji

Pamene kuli kwakuti Rajiya Sabba akupindula ndi mamembala otchuka ndi ukatswiri, angayambitse kuloŵetsedwa kwa akatswiri akunja kupyolera mwa kumvetsera kwa anthu ndi kugonjera kwa pa Intaneti. Mwachitsanzo, pakulembedwa kwa zitsogozo za kachitidwe ka kutentha kwa madzi, Rajiya Sabhaha angaitane zopereka kuchokera kwa akuluakulu a boma oyang’anira zatsoka, akuluakulu a boma, ndi oimira madera otetezeka. Malamulo ogaŵa malamulo amawonjezera mphamvu ndi kuvomereza malamulo.

Malamulo Owonjezera Okhala ndi Zolinga Zothandiza

Malamulo a ku India oyang'anira ngozi ayenera kugwirizana ndi Sustainable Development Zolinga (SDGs), makamaka chonulirapo 13 (Chichitidwe) ndi chonulirapo 11 (Chinthu Chosatha Kuchitika m’Matauni ndi m'Magulu). Rajiya Sabba angayambitse kupenda DMA 2005 kugwirizanitsa mwachindunji kuchepa kwa ngozi ndi kulinganiza. Mwachitsanzo, kumanga malamulo opangira ntchito zatsopano kuyenera kulamulidwa mwalamulo kutsutsa zivomezi ndi zimphepo, kusintha kumene kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi komiti ya mizinda ya Rajaya Sabra.

Kumaliza

Gawo la Raje Sabba m'kukonza tsoka la India ndi kuyankha malamulo n’zofunika kwambiri. Mwa mphamvu zake za kulingalira, kukonza, ndi kuyang’anira, nyumba yapamwamba yatsimikizira kuti lamulo monga Disaster Management Act, 2005 silokhala lapamwamba koma ndi chilengezo cha kutsutsana kuti kuchititsa magawo, chikhalidwe, ndi kusokonezeka kwa maluso a zasayansi. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa madongosolo a zomangamanga zonga NDMA, NDRF, ndi akuluakulu a boma, pamodzi ndi zopereka zopereka zopimira zopimira, ziyenera kutsutsana kwambiri ndi Jab Sabba kulimba kwa kulimba kwake pa malamulo ogwirizana, osungidwa.

Komabe, malamulo ayenera kuyendera limodzi ndi malo oopsa kwambiri. Kusintha kwa nyengo, ndi kuopsa kwa Intaneti kumafuna kuyankhanso kwalamulo. Raje Sabra angathane ndi mavuto amenewa mwa kukulitsa makomiti a akatswiri a zachuma, kuwonjezera uyang'aniro wa zachuma, ndi kugwirizanitsa ngozi ndi zolinga zodalirika. Kutero, kupitiriza kutumikira monga mzati waukulu pomanga dziko la India lokhala ndi tsoka.