Kufufuza Zomwe Zingachitike pa Nkhani za M’manyuzipepala: Njira Yothandiza Anthu Kudziwa Kuti Ali ndi Masamu

M'malo amakono oonera zinthu, muyezo wa nkhani zotsimikizika ndi zolembedwa zopotozedwa wakhala wovuta kwambiri kuzindikira. Maumboni ochuluka ofalitsidwa sekondi iliyonse. Kuchokera pa kutsegula mitu yankhani pa wailesi ndi kujambula kwa nthaŵi yaitali kuchokera ku malo ena a nyuzi za nyuzi . Kufufuza kwamphamvu kwa anthu kuti akhale ndi zizoloŵezi zodziyang'anira. Popanda njira yadongosolo, ngakhale ofufuza aluso angapezere misewu, kutsimikizira, kapena kuchotsa mwachindunji chidziŵitso. Njira imeneyi imathandiza kuyang'ana ziwitso, mapulogalamu, ndi njira zofunika kutsimikizira kudalirika kwa oulutsa nkhani, kupatsa aphunzitsi, ndi anthu tsiku ndi tsiku ndi tsiku kuti ayendere bwino m’malo a chidziŵitso.

Kukhoza kuchitika si khalidwe la kaŵiri; kulipo. Mabuku otsatirawa angathetse kudalirika kwa mtundu wina koma sadalirika kwa wina. Mwachitsanzo, buku la malonda lodziŵa kwambiri za maindasitale lingakhale lopanda mphamvu yolemba nkhani zofunikira kuti nkhani zifalikire kwa anthu onse. Kumvetsa mfundo zimenezi ndi njira yoyamba yopezera chidziŵitso. Magawo otsatirawa amachepetsa kudalirika kwa manyuzipepala, zipangizo zabwino kwambiri zothandizira kutsimikizira kuti ndi zoona, ndiponso njira zothandiza zimene zingagwiritsiridwe ntchito nthawi yomweyo.

Kuzindikira Kukhoza Kuulutsidwa kwa Manyuzipepala

Kudalirika kwa ofalitsa nkhani kuli lingaliro lambiri lomwe limaphatikiza kudalirika, ukatswiri, ndi kuoneka ngati kuti ndi chilungamo kwa magwero. Pamtima pake pali funso: Kodi magwerowa angadalire kupereka zolondola, kupanda tsankho, ndi chidziŵitso chotsimikizirika? Kufufuza kwachidziŵitso kumaswa m'mabungwe aŵiri aakulu: sansi [katswiro kake] (kasupeni ya chidziŵitso ndi ulamuliro pa nkhaniyo) ndi [[FLT:] kukhulupirika [[FLT:] [umboni] kuwona mtima, kuonekera, ndi kusoŵa kwa madansi obisika).

Makonzedwe angapo alipo kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zimenezi. Chitsanzo chimodzi chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndicho Kuyesa , kugwiritsa ntchito kwa librarym kochitidwa ndi asoshalansi pa California State University, Chico. Chikutanthauza [[FLT:] Chofunika, Relevance, Authority, Suption, ndi [FLT:] Purpose] . Kupenda nthaŵi: kuli kofunika kuonetsa zochitika zatsopano? Kutsimikizira zokhala nazo zikufanana ndi chidziŵitso chanu. Wofalitsayo amafunsa amene ali wofalitsayo ndi zitsimikizo zake. Kufufuza kwake kwa kuwona, ndi kuwona kwa zifunsinsi, Chidziŵitso, Chidziŵitso, Chidziŵitso, Chidziŵitso, Chidziŵitso, Chitsa, Chitsa kugulitsa zinthu champhamvu cha kuwonjezera njira zonse.

Kuposa pa maphunziro ameneŵa, kuzindikira chuma cha manyuzipepala amakono n’kofunikanso. Malo ambiri otsatsa malonda amadalira pa ndalama zimene anthu amatsatsa malonda, kugwiritsa ntchito makina otsatsa malonda, kapena kuchirikiza mabungwe amene ali ndi zolinga zapadera. Malo a manyuzipepala angachititse kuti anthu ayambe kukonza zinthu, nthaŵi zina mwaluso. Kudziwa ndalama zimene amapanga zofalitsa mabuku ndi zimene amatengerapo chibadwa cha munthu kumathandiza kuika zimene zilimo m’malo mwake. Choncho, kusasintha kwa zinthu sikuyenera kupendedwa; kuyenera kupendedwanso monga chidziŵitso chatsopano chonena za magwerowo akuchokera.

Zochititsa Zofunika Kuchotsa Kufooka

Pofufuza nkhani inayake pa wailesi yakanema, pa vidiyo, kapena pa Intaneti, payenera kukhala zinthu zina zofunika kwambiri zimene zingakuthandizeni.

Kusintha kwa Zinthu

Cholembedwa cha nkhani zoulutsidwa . Mabungwe a nkhani monga Reuters, Associated Press, ndi NPR ali ndi moyo wautali, malamulo apamwamba a makhalidwe, ndi njira zoyendera mfundo za m’kati. Komabe, ngakhale zipatala zotchuka zingapange zophophonya. Mfungulo njakuti kaya amatsutsa mowoneratu. Mosiyana, magwero okhala ndi mbiri ya kunyansidwa, kutchuka kwa ndale zadziko, kapena kutchuka kwa ma Medias Bias Mapus osonyeza mafanizidwe awo andale zadziko.

Mlembi Alemba

Kodi ndani analemba pepalali? Nkhani ina yonena za kusintha kwa nyengo imene inalembedwa ndi katswiri wa nyengo pa yunivesite yaikulu imakhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu kuposa imene inalembedwa ndi wolemba wa ufulu wa anthu onse amene analibe chiyambi cha sayansi. Yesetsani kuyang'ana foni, ndiyeno fufuzani zitsimikizo za wolembayo, mabuku akale, ndi kusagwirizana kulikonse kumene kungachititse chidwi. Mlembi wa sayansi amene alibe mfundo zenizeni kapena amene sapezeka n’ngwambendera zofiira. Ngakhale ngati wolembayo ali wodalirika, fufuzani ngati amatchula magwero oyambirira kapena ngati amadalira pa kupatsa kwachinsinsi. Kuonekera kwa Wolemba mabuku ndi chizindikiro cha pepala lodalirika.

Umboni ndi Magwero

Kulemba nkhani kolimba kumazikidwa pa umboni wotsimikizira. Mawu odalirika ayenera kuchirikizidwa ndi mawu, kugwirizana ndi maphunziro oyambirira, zikalata za khoti, kapena ndemanga zochokera kwa akatswiri otchulidwa. Samalani nkhani zimene zimagwiritsira ntchito maumboni osadziŵika bwino monga "odziŵa zinthu" popanda kutchula mayina awo, kapena kugwirizanitsa ndi zinthu zina zapansi. Kachipangizo kodalirika kangaphatikizepo ndi mapepala aakulu monga mapepala a boma, magazini oonera a anzawo, kapena manyuzipepala a boma otulutsidwa. Kuwonjezera apo, fufuzani ngati umboniwo ndi waposachedwapa wochirikiza mfundozo. M'mafakitale ofufuza zinthu ngati zamakono kapena zaumoyo, kanga kasanu kadalembedwa kapita kanthaŵi koyamba kalekale.

Kusadziŵa Zochita

Chilengezo chonse chili ndi mlingo wakutiwakuti wa kusagwirizana ndi mawu, kujambula, ndi kusankha nkhani. Cholinga si kuchotsa tsankho lonse koma kuvomereza ndi kuona mmene limakhudzira chidziŵitso choperekedwa. Chikalata mu nyuzipepala chimatanthauza kudzipereka ku chilungamo ndi kulondola, osati kwenikweni kusaloŵerera m'zandale. Mwachitsanzo, nkhani imene imasimba za bungwe la ndale zadziko iyenera kuphatikizapo mawu achindunji kuchokera kwa onse aŵiri olinganiza ndi osuliza. Chinenero chimene chimagwiritsira ntchito mawu opotoza, mawu onyodola, kapena zilembo (mg., "temist," "drally," "heal " imaonetsa kusoŵa kulinganiza. [FLT:]] matchati a zachiyeso [FLD:]

Deti Lofalitsa ndi Ndalama

Kusintha nthawi n’kofunika kwambiri pa nkhani zapanyuzi komanso za sayansi. Nkhani ya kachilombo ka zachipatala yomwe ikunena za kutulukira kwa mankhwala kuyambira 2015 siingakhalenso yogwirizana. Nthawi zonse fufuzani deti la kufalitsa mabuku otha kukonzedwa. Malo ena amakonzanso nkhani zakale zimene zikufuna kuti zikhale ndi mitu yatsopano. Komanso, kutsimikizira kuti mawu amene atchulidwawa ndi amakono. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakale pochirikiza mfundo zamakono kungasokoneze mfundo zonse.

Zida Zofufuzira Kuulutsidwa

Zinthu zimenezi zimasinthasintha zinthu monga malo oonera zinthu zapakompyuta, kuwonjezera pa zinthu zimene zimachitika tsiku lililonse.

Mawebusaiti Ofufuza Zenizeni

Mabungwe ofufuza zinthu zoona amafufuza ndi kufalitsa zimene apeza ndi tsatanetsatane. Nthawi zambiri amakhala odziimira, osati apadera, ndipo amaonetsa njira zawo zogwirira ntchito. Zomwe zadziŵika kwambiri ndi izi:

Kuphunzira ndi Kulemba Nkhani ndi Zinthu Zina

Kuphunzitsa anthu ndi cholinga cha mabungwe ambiri osapanga phindu amene amapereka zinthu monga masukulu, zipangizo zothandizira anthu kuphunzira, ndi mapulogalamu.

  • News Literacy Project [FLT : Yoyambitsidwa ndi yemwe kale anali mtolankhani Alan Miller , gulu limeneli limapereka papula la Chekestry, limene limaphunzitsa ophunzira mmene angapendere magwero a nyuzi, kumvetsetsa kukondera, ndi kuzindikira zolakwika. [[FLT :] Project yokopa Amawulire
  • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  • [[FLT: 0] MediaSmarts : Malo a Canada a maphunziro a manambala ndi oulutsira mawu amapereka zinthu zogwirizana ndi ophunzira, makolo, ndi aphunzitsi, kuphatikizapo maseŵera otsagana ndi malipoti ofufuzira. Madamarts
  • [[FLT: 0] Alldes [[FLT :1] : Kupereka zizindikiro za tsankho kaamba ka ma stations, "manyuzipepala" osonyeza mmene nkhani imodzimodziyo imafalitsidwira kuchokera ku malingaliro osiyanasiyana andale, ndi laibulale ya olemba nkhani. [[FLT:] Kuyendera AllSIDE

Zowonjezera pa Mabuku ndi Zipangizo Zodzipangira

Kuwonjezera ndandanda ya zinthu zonyamula zinthu kungachititse kuti munthu ayambe kuona kuti ndi wodalirika mwa kuyang’ana nkhani yonse pamene akuyang’ana:

  • NewsGuard[[FLT :1]] : Kufutukulidwa kumeneku kumapereka "Lebulagitalation" ya mawebusaiti a nkhani, kuwapima pa mayeso monga kuonekera, kudalirika, ndi kuŵerengera. Imaperekanso chithunzithunzi chofiira kapena chokongola cha green [1] chotsatira kugwirizana ndi zotsatirapo za kufufuza ndi zoulutsira za anthu. Manyuzipepala a M'''AWAWAWA
  • B.S Genor : Chofutukutsa chimene chimatsimikizira kaya malowo amalingaliridwa kukhala osadalirika ndi magulu a oonerera nkhani. Imajambula magwero othekera a kusocheretsedwa pa madeti a makompyuta oulutsira mawu.
  • Media Bias / Fact Cheketsani Chiwonjezeko Chazike : Chongani zolembedwa kuchokera ku Media Bias / Fact Sekererani datako ya Media , kusonyeza kuŵerengera kwa tsankho ndi tsatanetsatane wa kusimba kwa masauzande zikwi za mawebusaiti.
  • Kubweza Makina Ofufuzira Chithunzi [[FLT :1] : Gwiritsirani zithunzithunzi , .TINEY[, kapena Zithunzi zokhalamo [[FLT:]] kutsimikizira ngati chithunzi chasinthidwa, kuchotsedwa ndi nkhani yotsatidwa, kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku chochitika chapita. Tsalani ndi kugwetsa chithunzi m'ba yofufuzira kuti mupeze choyambirira.

Kutsimikizira Mavidiyo ndi Mavidiyo

Mafilimu ozama ndi ogwiritsa ntchito mameseji ambiri akukula. Zida zonga InVID-Weversuct (kufutukulidwa kwa atolankhani) kumakulolani kuyang'ana metadata ya vidiyo za YouTube, kuchita chidule , ndi kubwereranso kumbuyo ku matanthauzo a matanthauzo. Kuyang'ana kugwiritsa ntchito [FLT:] Amnesty Data Seever [ Kuchotsapo ku kusindikiza ndi kujambula. Kuika patsogolo kwa zojambula zopangapangapanga kumafuna kuphunzira kosalekeza, koma mfundo yofunika kumakhala: [[FL:] Nthaŵi zonse]

Njira Zofufuzira Zofunika Kwambiri

Kungogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zodzipangira, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zofufuzira n’kothandiza kwambiri.

Kuŵerenga Pambuyo Pake

Kuŵerenga kwapambuyo pake kuli njira imene, mmalo mothera nthaŵi pa magwero amodzi, mumatsegula matab atsopano ofufuza za magwero enieniwo. Chinatchuka ndi kufufuza kwa mbiri ya Education Group kwa Stanford kuti akatswiri apende motani mfundo. Mmalo mwa kujambula kuchokera pansi pa webusaiti yosadziwika, "kufufuza" kuti mupeze kuti ndi zinthu zina zodalirika ziti zimene zimanena za mbiri ya malowo, kupereka ndalama, ndi zolemba mzera. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukumana ndi nkhani yonena kuti mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo ndi oopsa, tsegulani pepala latsopano ndi kufunafuna dzina lofalitsidwalo + "controvers" kapena "active-checker". Luso limeneli limavumbula mwamsanga kaya ngati mabuku odalirika akugwirizana ndi mfundo kapena ongolemba zinthu.

Kutsekereza

Musanawope pa pulogalamu iliyonse yofufuzira, gwiritsani ntchito chipangizo chotsekera pofufuza tsamba lonse. Tayang'anani pa zidutswa, maina a malo, ndi masiku. Pewani chiyeso chotsegula mwamsanga chotulukapo chapamwamba, monga ngati chikhale chopeka kapena chochepetsedwa ndi kutsika kwa woyang’anira. Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu kaŵirikaŵiri amadumpha zotsatira zoyamba zisanu mpaka khumi ndipo mmalo mwake amafunafuna malo odziŵika bwino, olemekezeka. Njira imeneyi imachepetsa mphamvu ya SEO ndi yochirikizidwa.

Njira Yophunzitsira

Njira ya SAFT imene Mike Caulfield anaiyambitsa ndi njira zinayi zoonera zinthu pa Intaneti:

  • Yima [1]: Imani musanagawane kapena kukhulupirira mfundo inayake. Dzifunseni ngati mukudziwa kumene kunachokera kapena nkhani yonse.
  • Kambani magwero [: Gwiritsirani ntchito kuŵerenga kwapambuyo pake kuphunzira za wolemba, chofalitsidwa, ndi kukhulupirika kwake.
  • Pezani makope odalirika : Mmalo mwa kusanthula nkhaniyo yoyambirira mwakuya, funafunani kuti mupereke lipoti kuchokera ku magwero odziŵika bwino a nkhani imodzi.
  • Amanena, kugwira mawu, ndi zoulutsira nkhani ku mawu oyambirira : Pezani magwero aakulu a mawu alionse, ziŵerengero, kapena chithunzi kutsimikizira kuti sanapotozedwe.

NJIRA ya SAFT imathandiza kwambiri makamaka pa nkhani za makompyuta, kumene nthaŵi zambiri nkhani yake imachotsedwa.

Kufunafuna Ndalama Zopezera ndi Kusunga Malo

Kuzindikira amene amalipira chofalitsa kumasonyeza kukondera. Mawebusaiti ambiri amabisa ochirikiza kapena mamembala awo. Fufuzani tsamba lakuti "Zokhudza Ife" limene limaphatikizapo mawu a ntchito, zochokera ku kampani, ndi malamulo a kudziimira. Makampani osapanga malonda kaŵirikaŵiri amalemba poyera opereka zinthu. Corporate-observe ingakhale ndi ndandanda yolembedwa koma ikhozabe kuyang'anizana ndi otsatsa malonda. Makampani a zamankhwala kapena asayansi, fufuza ngati apindula ndi zotsatirapo zake. [[FLT:] Makampani akuganiza kuti athandiza. [[FLT:]]

Mapithi Ofala ndi Mapiko Opereka Chilango

Ngakhale kuti pali zipangizo zabwino kwambiri, maganizo a anthu angalepheretse munthu kudalirika.

Kutsimikizira Bias

Chikhoterero cha kufuna ndi kukhulupirira chidziŵitso chimene chimatsimikizira zikhulupiriro zakale chiri chimodzi cha madalaivala amphamvu kwambiri a kugawana nkhani zolakwika. Pamene mukuŵerenga nkhani imene ikuganiza kuti "yabwino" kapena yokhutiritsa, imani ndi kufunsa: Kodi ndingakhulupirire zimenezi ngati zikanatsutsana ndi malingaliro anga? [1] Kufunafuna mwakhama malingaliro otsutsa kuchokera ku magwero odalirika kuyesa mphamvu ya malo anu.

Chiyambukiro Chachowonadi Chonyenga

Kupezeka ku zimene amanena mobwerezabwereza kumachititsa kuti zikhale zoona, ngakhale ngati nzabodza. Nchifukwa chake mawu andale ndi mavairasi ali ogwira ntchito kwambiri. Chitani zimenezi mwa kutsimikizira zilizonse zimene mukukumana nazo, makamaka ngati zikugwirizana ndi malo anu oonera zinthu zakudziko. Gwiritsirani ntchito zoonera zinthu zoona kuona ngati mawuwo achotsedwa kale.

Kutsekeka kwa M’nyumba

Kuopsa, nkhani zovutitsa maganizo zimaiwalidwa mosavuta kuposa ziŵerengero zopanda pake. Manyuzipepala angagwiritsiridwe ntchito zimenezi mwa kutchula zochitika zochititsa chidwi kwambiri, kuchititsa kupenda kolakwika kwa ngozi. Popenda nkhani, kusiyanitsa pakati pa kufalikira kwa chochitika ndi chisamaliro chimene chimalandiridwa. Fufuzani kupenda ziŵerengero ndi malongosoledwe a ziŵerengero kuti muonetse bwino.

Kulingalira Kosonkhezera

Pamene anthu achita ngozi ya malingaliro kapena ya zachuma m’chifuno, iwo mosazindikira angalungamitse kuvomereza umboni wochepa. Zimenezi nzofala m'kutsutsana ponena za zowonjezera za thanzi, mwaŵi wa kuikizira ndalama, kapena okonzekera za ndale zadziko. Asanachitepo kanthu pa chidziŵitso, pendani ngati chikhumbo chanu cha kugamula kanthu china chikukulepheretsani. Ambirani ndi munthu amene ali ndi lingaliro losiyana kuti muyese malingaliro anu.

Kumaliza

Kufufuza kudalirika kwa ofalitsa nkhani si luso limodzi koma maluso a kachitidwe, zida, ndi machenjezo osuliza. M’dziko limene aliyense angafalitse chidziŵitso cha padziko lonse, thayo la kutsimikizira woŵerenga aliyense. Mwakugwiritsira ntchito mapulaneti onga CRAAP Test ndi SIFT, kugwiritsira ntchito mautumiki ofufuza ndi zopimira zopimira, ndi kupitirizabe kuzindikira za kukondera kwanu, mukhoza kukhala wokhoza kufalitsa chidziŵitso mowonjezereka. Machitidwe ameneŵa samangowongolera maphunziro ndi zotulukapo zauka zapamwamba komanso amalimbitsanso nkhani za democracyism, monga momwe kukhalira maziko a chitaganya chogwira ntchito. Conde: malo oulutsira zinthu, ndipo ayenera kulinganiza. Kuyambira lerolino mwa kupenda mbali imodzi ya maluso otchulidwa pamwambapo, ndi kumanganso kwaluso la choonadi.