Political Action Committes (PACs) ndi maziko a ndalama za ndawala ku United States, kutheketsa magulu olinganizidwa kusonkhanitsa chuma ndi kuchirikiza oyembekezera kapena zochititsa. Pakati pa PACs, kusiyana pakati pa “ogwirizana" PCs , awo ogwirizana ndi gulu, kapena gulu la antchito, kapena gulu la zamalonda . “PaCs n’zovuta. Sagwirizana ndi gulu lililonse lochirikiza, odzipereka, kapena andale, kuwapatsa ndalama zapadera zothandizira anthu osiyanasiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nkhani zachipani, kuchirikiza, kapena kutsutsa. Kudziimira kwawo kumawalola mwamsanga, kusumika maganizo awo pa malamulo, ndi kupeŵa kholo logwirizana. Pamene kuli kwakuti ambiri amene sali ogwirizana ndi gulu la PaC, apeza mphamvu yodabwitsa, nkhaniyi ina ya . Nkhaniyi inafufuza nkhani yosathandiza kupambana, ina, inatsutsa, ndi kutsutsa njira zawo zandale, ndi kutsutsa njira zawo, zothandizira kutsutsa njira zandale.

Phunziro la Kusamalira Zinthu 1: League of Conservation Voters (LCV) PAC

The League of Conservation Voters (LCV) has long been one of the most effective environmental advocacy organizations in the United States. Its associated PAC, LCV PAC, is a non-connected committee that represents the interests of conservation-minded donors without being tied to any specific party or corporate interest. Since its founding in 1970, LCV has evolved from a small endorsing body into a powerhouse that influences federal and state elections through strategic spending and grassroots mobilization.

Njira Zogwirira Ntchito ndi Njira Zochitira Nazo

LCV PAC njira yaikulu ndiyo “kupanga malo ozungulira kukhala nkhani ya kuvota. . PAC amawononga kwambiri kutsatsa malonda [ ndi yoikidwa mkupiti wa makalata [[ imene imagogomezera ndandanda ya malo okhala a ofunsira oyenerera ndi osakondweretsa. M’malo mwa kungochirikiza Democrates, LCPAC kaŵirikaŵiri amavomereza maRepublics amene amasonyeza zitsimikizo zolimba za malo okhala, mwakutero kudalira mizere ya gulu. PC imagwiritsiranso ntchito programu yotchuka ya malo okhalako anthu. [FLT:] programu yothandiza kudziŵikitsa ndi kugwirizanitsa zinthu zoyenderana ndi zinsinsi, kugwiritsa ntchito foni, ndi kutumiza foni.

Chipambano china cha LCV PAC ndicho programu yake yachikwangwani [1] , imene imaimira mamembala a Congress pa mavoti awo pa malamulo a malo okhala. Masewera ameneŵa amatchulidwa kwambiri ndi ofalitsa nkhani ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'masatsa a PC kuphunzitsa ovota. Mwa kufalitsa ziŵerengero zimenezi, LCV PAC imapanga kuŵerengera ndi kukakamiza opanga malamulo kuti alinganizitse malo okhala.

Mkupiti ndi Chiyambukiro Zodziŵika

M'chaka cha 2018 chapakati pa chisankho, LCV PAC inawononga ndalama zoposa $30 miliyoni ndi kuthandiza kuchotsa mipando yambiri ya Nyumba m’madera a m’midzi kumene nkhani za malo okhala zinakhudza kwambiri ndi ovota amwambo. “Kuyeretsa Magetsi a America wa Thanzi” kochitidwa ndi mapepala olemba zinthu zowonongeka, kugwirizanitsa mavoti awo oipitsa thanzi la anthu ndi zinthu zofunikira. Mu 2020, LCV PPAC C inakulitsa kuyang'anira kwake kusintha kwa nyengo, kuyambitsa malonda amene anagwirizanitsa zochitika zanyengo ya nyengo ndi kusoŵeka kwa kachitidwe ka kaungwe ka . PaC inathandizira kwambiri kutumiza makampani aakulu ndi malamulo a za za zaumoyo m'zaka zotsatira, kusonyeza mmene komiti yosatsata masankhoti.

LCV PAC ilololeza kuthera pa kusatsa malonda amene samachirikiza mwachindunji chisankho kapena kugonjetsedwa kwa wobatizidwa, kuwapatsa ufulu wowonjezereka pansi pa malamulo a Federal Evolution Commission (FAC). Kusintha kumeneku kwakhala mfungulo ya moyo wake wautali ndi wogwira ntchito. Kuwonjezereka pa zoyesayesa zawo zamakono, onani webusaiti yalamulo ya LCV.

Kupenda Nkhani 2: National Rifle Association Political Victory Fund (NRA-PVF)

NRA-PVF mwinamwake ndiyo PCAC yotchuka kwambiri yopanda kugwirizana m'ndale za America, yomwe imagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi malamulo kwa zaka makumi ambiri. Ngakhale kuti pali chipwirikiti cha mkati ndi zitokoso za lamulo posachedwapa, PC idakali chitsanzo cha munthu mmodzi yekha wodziŵa kuyendetsa. Kujambula popanda mkono wa NRA, Institute for Legislative Action, NRA-PVF imakweza ndalama kuchokera kwa mamembala alionse ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ilo kuchirikiza pro·Second Amendmend Adment pamilistss prometers.

Zochita Zabwino

NRA-PVF imakhala ndi chipambano pa dongosolo lothandiza kwambiri [[FLT:] kufanana ndi LCV's rading , kugaŵira magiredi a makalata (A+ ku F) ofunsira ozikidwa pa zolembedwa zawo zovota ndi mawu a anthu onena za ufulu wa mfuti. Magiredi ameneŵa amafalitsidwa m'kaundula wa PACIFUU , wothandiza kwambiri makalata olunjika ndi [FLT] [FLT]] mapepala a pepala a anthu osankhidwa kwa mamiliyoni a NRA, amene amaphunzitsidwanso kuvota pa kalasi yawo. Pacrage amapanganso makalata aakulu audzu amene angatembenuze m'kapo, kaŵirikaŵiri opatula kwa opatula kwa anthu opatuka.

Njira ina ndiyo kugwiritsira ntchito yosadalirana kutsatsa malonda amene amachirikiza ofuna kugula mfuti kapena kuukira awo amene amaonedwa kukhala ziwopsezo. Panthaŵi ya masankho apamwamba, NRA-PVF imawononga ndalama zambiri pa malonda a wailesi yakanema m'maiko otsatsa malonda, kaŵirikaŵiri kuyambitsa mkangano pa zoyenera za malamulo ndi chitetezo chaumwini.

Mkupiti ndi Chiyambukiro Zodziŵika

Pa chisankho cha pulezidenti 2016, NRA-PVF inawononga ndalama zoposa $30 miliyoni pochirikiza Donald Trump ndi Hillary Clinton wotsutsa Hillary , ndalama zimene zinaipanga kukhala imodzi ya makampani aakulu koposa kunja. Mauthenga a PAC adayang'ana kumidzi ndi m'midzi yosankhidwa ndi osankhidwa ndi mapepala achiŵiri. Mofananamo, mkati mwa chaka cha 2014, NRA-PVF inathandiza kuchotsa oyendetsa ndege zankhondo amene anavota kuti alamulire mfuti pambuyo pa kupha kwa Sandy Hooke, kusonyeza kukhoza kwake kulanga olakwa.

Komabe, PC yachepa chifukwa cha kuchititsa manyazi kwa anthu ndi kusintha maganizo a anthu pankhani ya kutetezeka kwa mfuti. Mu 2022, NRA-PVF inawononga kwambiri kusiyana ndi m'mbuyomu, komabe inachitabe mbali yaikulu m'mafuko aakulu ku Ohio ndi Florida. Nkhaniyi ikusonyeza mphamvu ndi kusokonezeka kwa PC komwe kumakhala kopanda anthu ogwirizana kwambiri ndi kope limodzi ndi kopereka kokhala . Kumira kwambiri m'mafakitale a NRA-PVF, kuyang'ana ku Fidal Conformation Commis .

Phunziro Lachitatu: Malo Ochitira Ufulu Munthu Aliyense (CFIF)

M’katswiri kokulira, Center for Indial Freedom (CFIF) ndi PACI imene siinagwirizanitse mfundo za ufulu, boma lokhala ndi malire, ndi kuyambika kwa malamulo. Yokhazikitsidwa mu 1998, CFIF imagwira ntchito popanda chipani chilichonse cha ndale zadziko ndipo yapanga chizindikiro chake kudzera m'kuphatikizapo kuphatikizana kwa [FLD:] diadiac comby , makamaka mayanjano apafupi ndi osintha chikhalidwe cha anthu.

Njira Yothetsera Vutoli

CFIF imatsogolera programu ya wailesi yakanema yolinganizidwa ya dziko lonse yotchedwa “Freedom Watch,” imene imaulutsa pa mitchato ya nsinga ndi kufikira anthu ambiri osasintha. Programuyi imagwiritsiridwa ntchito kusonkhezera anthu ndi kulimbikitsa openyerera kupereka ndalama ku ntchito za PC. Kuwonjezerapo, CFIF imatulutsa zolembedwa zambiri , mapepala oyera, ndi ma metape , zimene zimayendera nyuzi, kuwonjezera malo ake a za ndale zadziko popanda kusatsa malonda andale.

Pamene CFIF itenga mbali m'kusanthula, imagwiritsira ntchito kwenikweni kusatsa malonda a kupeputsa kumene kumapeŵa kuvomereza koonekeratu koma kusuliza kapena kutamanda cholembedwa cha wofunsira pa mutu wakutiwakuti wonga ngati kuvomereza kwa lamulo kapena msonkho. Kuteroku kumalola PACI kupeŵetsa ziyeneretso zina ndi kupatsa ufulu wowonjezereka wa kusuntha pakati pa mafuko.

Mkupiti ndi Chiyambukiro Zodziŵika

Imodzi ya ndawala za CFIF yotchuka kwambiri inali kuyesayesa kwake kuchirikiza kuvomerezedwa kwa oweruza osasintha mkati mwa kuyang'anira Trump. PAC anathera mamiliyoni ambiri pa kusatsa malonda a wailesi yakanema m'maboma onga Maine ndi Alaska, akumakakamiza oimira boma kuvota. Mkhalidwe wake wodziimira unamtheketsa kugwirizanitsa ndi magulu ena osunga mwambo ndi kusungitsa uthenga wake wosiyana. M'nyengo ya 2020, CFIF inakonda kukhala yosavuta kugwidwa ndi Democratic inctantments m’nyumba ndi kutsatsa malonda awo misonkhoma ndi kuwonjezera, kuthandiza kusunga mipando yambiri ya Republicans.

Chiyambukiro cha CFIF nchachinsi koma nchochirikizidwa. Mwa kusintha maganizo kwa nthaŵi yaitali pa kupambana kwachidule kwa osankhira, PC yathandizira kusinthira koyenera pa jaji ndi mikangano yopitirizabe yonena za ukulu wa boma. Kugwiritsira ntchito kwake maprogramu a wailesi ndi mawailesi akufalitsa kukusiyanitsa ndi ma PPAC ambiri osagwirizana. Phunzirani zambiri ponena za maprojekiti a CFIF pa webusaiti yawo .

Kupenda Nkhani 4: Ndalama Zothandizira Makolo Zolinganizidwa

Kumbali yopita patsogolo, Planned Parenthood Act Fund (PPAF) imawonekera kukhala komiti yaikulu yosalumikizidwa ya PACI ya ufulu wobala ndi kutha kusamala zaumoyo. Monga mmene dzanja la Planned Parenthood Federation of America limagwirira ntchito monga PAC imene ingawonjezere ndi kuwononga ndalama zosatha kwa anthu. Ndi komiti yaubwenzi yamphamvu ndi yaluso imene yakula mu mphamvu ndi luso, makamaka chifukwa cha ziletso zowonjezereka za kutaya mimba pamlingo wa boma.

Maluso ndi Maluso

PPAF imaphatikiza magrasroot kusonkhanitsa ndi kunyengerera kogwirizana [1]. PC imasunga ndandanda yaikulu ya mameseji a ochirikiza amene amapemphedwa nthaŵi zonse kupereka ndi kulankhula ndi oimira awo. Parentsot revers , PPAF imathamanga “Mbali ya Moyo Wathu , yomwe imalimbana ndi zaka za chikwi chimodzi ndi Gen Zvoti, kugogomezera nkhani zaumwini ndi ziyambukiro za chipatala. PaC amagwiritsiranso ntchito mapulati a mapulogalamu a mayanjano onga Istagram ndi Tik Tos kuti afikire kwa achichepere, maluso amene kaŵirikaŵiri a PCCC.

Chinsinsi china chachikulu ndicho kuvomereza ndi ndandanda yovota. PPAF amavomereza oyembekezera kuchirikiza ufulu wa kuchotsa mimba ndi kutsutsa ziletso. PaC kenaka amatulutsa zotsogolera zovota ndi kutsatsa malonda a ndalama zaumwini m'zigawo zazikulu ndi maboma. M'mabwalo a mpikisano, kuvomereza PPAF kukhoza kukhala kotsimikizirika, pamene kumapatsa ndalama ndi gulu la antchito odzifunira.

Mkupiti ndi Chiyambukiro Zodziŵika

M'zaka zapakati pa 2018, PPAF inathandiza kusankha chiŵerengero cholembedwa cha ochirikiza kuchotsa mimba, kutembenuza Nyumba ya Oimira Kuchokera kwa Mitengo . PaC anathera ndalama zambiri m'madera a m’midzi kumene maphunziro ndi chisamaliro cha zaumoyo zinali nkhani zazikulu. Mu 2020, PPAF inasumika maganizo pa mafuko apamwamba a boma, makamaka mipikisano ya jibernar imene inagamula za kuikitsa malamulo oletsa kuchotsa mimba m'mayiko monga Virginia ndi Wisconsian. Pambuyo pa chosankha cha Dobbs mu 2022, PC inawonjezera zoyesayesa zake, kuchirikiza ntchito ndi kukhazikitsa mapangano a zalamulo a boma m'mayiko kumene kutaya mimba kunali koopsa.

PPAF ya malo osalumikizidwa imalola kukweza ndalama kuchokera ku maziko a ang'onoang'ono opereka madellar ndi kuwonongera kwa onse aŵiri osankhidwawo kutsatsa malonda ndi "issue" popanda kuchepetsedwa ndi malamulo a kampani ogwirizanitsidwa ndi PC. Kusintha kumeneku kwapangitsa ilo kukhala limodzi la mphamvu zamphamvu kwambiri m'ndale za kuyenerera kwa kubala. Kuchitira malipoti ake atsatanetsatane, OpenSECHETS database [ ndiloza abwino kwambiri.

Chochititsa Kuchoka ku Mapale Osagwirizanitsidwa Achipambano

Kufufuza kwa matenda anayiwa kumapereka maphunziro ofunika kwambiri kwa aliyense amene akufuna kumvetsa zinthu zina ndi zina, ndipo amachititsa kuti mapulogalamuwa azikhala opambana.

Kuganizira Kwambiri Nkhani Zina Kumathandiza Kuti Tikhale ndi Cholinga Chokhulupirika

PCA MPAKA YA MPAKA WA MPAKA WA MPAKA KUONONGA MAFUNDO AMENE ANGACHITE POAKETSLAS POUNISH CHINANSINSI YA MPAKA YOKHALA YOKHA. LCV PAC imasunga malo ozungulira; NRA-PVFs kuyenera kwa mfuti; CFIF imakhala ndi misika yaulere; Planned Pareace Active Fund ili ndi ufulu wobala. Kuika maganizo pa PC kumalola kuti pakhale ndi luso lakuya, kutumiza mauthenga kosasinthasinthasintha, ndi wopereka mofunitsitsa kupatsa mobwerezabwereza. Kufikira njira yochotsa ndalama ndi kufooketsa kutchuka kwa .

Njira Yodziimira Payokha

Ma PAC osalumikizidwa amakula mwa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zodzifunira . Mapepala amene amachirikiza kapena kutsutsa wobatizidwa popanda kugwirizanitsa ndi ndawala ya wobatizidwayo. Njira imeneyi imawonjezera ufulu wa kulankhula pamene ikupeŵa malamulo amene amagwira ntchito popereka. Ma PC apambana kuzindikira kuti kutsatsa malonda aumwini kungakhale kovuta kwambiri ndiponso kosaiwalika kuposa malo oyambitsidwa. Amaphunziranso luso la “kufalitsa mpweya wawave ” wofuna kugulayo asanalowe m’nkhondo.

Kukumbatirana ndi Anthu Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mafoni a M’manja

Ma PAC onse anayi tsopano amagwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamakono: LCV imagwiritsira ntchito kusatsa malonda kwa kachipangizo koikidwa ndi kachipangizo kotchedwa Facebook; NRA-PVF imadalira pa mpambo wa ma mail; CFIF imatulutsa wailesi yakeyake; Planned Parenthood Action Fund imapambana pa vidiyo ya chikhalidwe. Masiku a otumiza makalata ochuluka okha atha. Ma PAC osalumikizidwa amene amaikamo ndalama m'zolemba ndi makompyuta adzaposa amene amamamatira ku njira zakale.

Kupalasa ndi Kusintha Mafuta

Malembo onga LCV ndi NRA-PVF asonyeza kuti kalambula bwalo lopepuka, losaiŵalika (A ku F) likhoza kufeŵetsa zolembedwa zochokera zochokera kwa wovota wamba. Pamene giredi la PAC lafalitsidwa mofala, limapanga kugwirizana kwachindunji pakati pa khalidwe lakale la wofunsirayo ndi chichirikizo cha PC. Ma endoresment, pamene afotokozedwa bwino, angasankhire odalirika a wofunsira kubatizidwa kukhala a PC.

Kudziimira paokha Kumapereka Mpata Woyenerera

Chifukwa chakuti ma PAC osalumikizidwa sangakhale ndi mlandu ku bungwe la kampani kapena ku gulu la akulu a kampani, iwo angavomereze kapena kutsutsa oyembekezera ozikidwa pa malo awo alamulo. Ufulu umenewu ukhoza kuwonjezera kudalirika kwa ovota amene amagwiritsidwa mwala ndi ndale zadziko zogaŵidwa. Imalolanso pa PC kudutsa mizera ya mapani pamene afunikira, monga momwe LCV yachitira ndi ma provironment Republican.

Kumaliza: Tsogolo la Mapale Opanda Anthu

Kufufuza kwa LCV, NRA-PVF, CFIF , ndi Planned Parenthod Action Fund kumasonyeza kuti ma PAC saalinso ongothandiza pa zachuma za m'zamalonda. Angakhale ogwira ntchito kwambiri, makamaka pamene adzipereka ku nkhani yowonekera bwino, kuloŵetsa njira zamakono zolankhulirana, ndi kusungitsa ufulu wa kukana ulamuliro wa ofunsira. Monga momwe malamulo a za ndawala a zamalonda akupitirizabe kutembenuza [1] mwa kukwera kwa ma PACC [[FLT:] Akhoza kupangitsa kuti anthu agwirizane ndi mfundo zamakono, makamaka mzera pakati pa Osakhala ogwirizana ndi makomiti ena odziimira paokha. Ngakhale zili choncho, malamulo apamwamba osakhala ogwirizana ndi PC CC angamapangenso masankhoti a anthu kwa zaka zambiri, ndi kukonza masankhoti a anthu.

Kwa aphunzitsi ndi ophunzira amene akuphunzira mphamvu za ndale zadziko, zitsanzo zimenezi zimapatsa mapu a msewu. Kupambana kumafuna zambiri kuposa ndalama; kumafuna kulangidwa kwapadera, kumvetsetsa kozama kwa voti, ndi kufunitsitsa kukonzanso. Mbadwo wotsatira wa ma PCC udzaphatikizapo kuloŵerera kwa LCV ndi mphamvu ya CFIF ya mchenga ya Planned Parenthood Action Fund, kupanga mphamvu zazikulu kwambiri m' democracy yathu.