Kodi Mantha Opotoka N’chiyani?

Kufufuza kokakamiza ndiko njira yachinyengo yandale imene imadzibisa monga kufufuza kwa malingaliro koyenera koma imagwira ntchito ndi cholinga chosiyana: kulamulira ovota mmalo mwa kupenda malingaliro awo. Mosiyana ndi kusanthula kowona, kumene kumagwiritsira ntchito mafunso osatenga mbali, osasuliza osonkhezera amagwiritsira ntchito mafunso otsogolera, malo onyenga, ndi ndemanga zodzutsa chilakolako choipa ponena za wofunsira kapena nkhani.

Kufufuza kochitidwa ndi lamulo kumadalira pa zitsanzo za sayansi, njira zoonekera, ndi mawu auchete. Kufufuza kwa flash, kosiyana ndi, kaŵirikaŵiri kumachitidwa ndi antchito andale zadziko kapena magulu a auphunzitsi, kugwiritsira ntchito zisonyezero zazing'ono, zosaimira, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri samavumbula amene anazichirikiza. Chonulirapocho si kusonkhanitsa zinthu koma kukopa — kwenikweni kutsendereza, kuwononga mbiri yopikisana ndi ’ kapena kulimbikitsa malingaliro omwe alipo. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa kusanthula kwenikweni ndi kukopa kuli kosuliza kosulitsa kwachinyengo kwa Fvota amene amafuna kugwiritsiridwa ntchito.

Mmene Ntchito Yokopa Anthu Imagwirira Ntchito: Makina Ogwiritsa Ntchito Njira Zopusitsa

Kufufuza kokakamiza kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zofunika kwambiri zimene zimapezerapo mwayi pa matenda a maganizo.

Mafunso Otsogolera ndi Ovuta

Chizindikiro cha kufufuza kokakamiza ndicho kugwiritsira ntchito mafunso amene amalingalira kukhala ndi liwongo kapena kutanthauza mayanjano oipa. Mwachitsanzo, wovota angafunsidwe: "Kodi mungachirikizebe X ngati mukudziŵa kuti anafufuzidwa za kuswa malamulo? Ngakhale ngati kufufuzako kunali kosatsimikizirika kapena kotsekedwa, funso limene limayambitsa kukayikira kwa wovota ’ maganizo. Kujambula kwakonzedwa kuti kukhale kugwirizana kwa maganizo pakati pa wosankha ndi wolakwayo, mosasamala kanthu za zenizeni.

Zonena Zonama Kapena Zopambanitsa

Kufufuza kokakamiza kaŵirikaŵiri kumapereka chidziŵitso chopotoka kapena chonama monga ngati kuti n’chodziŵika. Njira yofala ndiyo kugwirizanitsa wobatizidwa ndi munthu kapena lamulo losiyana: "Kodi mukuvomerezana ndi Candidate Y ’ machirikizo a kukweza misonkho pa mabanja a m'magawo apakati? ngati wofunsirayo alibe kaimidwe kotere. Wovotayo amakakamizidwa kuchitapo kanthu pa malo opeka, ndipo kubwereza bodza kungampangitsa kukhala wozoloŵereka ndi woona kwa nthaŵi.

Ziyeso Zochepa, Zongofuna Kuzipeza

Chifukwa chakuti kufunsira sikunalinganizidwire kutulutsa zotulukapo zotsimikizirika, kaŵirikaŵiri iwo amalimbana ndi chiŵerengero cha anthu chachindunji kapena ovota osinthasintha m'madera aakulu. Mkupiti ungatchule kokha zikwi zoŵerengeka m’chigawo cha mpikisano, podziŵa kuti ngakhale chiŵerengero chochepa cha zikayikiro zobzalidwa chingasinthe kapena kukopa mpikisano wovuta. Nthaŵi zambiri machenjezowo amakhala achidule, ndipo woitanayo samazindikira kaŵirikaŵiri gulu lochirikiza.

Kusintha kwa Kuonana

Ofufuza a m'malamulo amavumbula njira zawo, kukula kwake, malire a zophophonya, ndi magwero a ndalama. Kufufuza kokakamiza kobisika kapena konyenga chidziŵitso chimenechi. Kaŵirikaŵiri samauzidwa amene akulipira chiitanocho, ndipo ngati aponderedwa, woitanayo angapereke yankho losatsimikizirika kapena losokeretsa. Kusoŵa kwa mlandu kumeneku kumalepheretsa kulondola ndi kuweruza.

Mkupiti Wosonkhezera Uchikumbe wa Posachedwapa

Makampani ambiri ofufuza achititsa anthu kulira kwa anthu, zitokoso za lamulo, ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbiri ya ndale zadziko. Kusanthula nkhani zimenezi kumavumbula njira zothetsera mavuto a makhalidwe abwino otsatizana ndi kukakamiza kufufuza.

Dziko Lakale la 2000 Primary mu South Carolina

Chimodzi cha zofufuza zoipitsitsa chinachitika mu 2000 Republican pulezidenti wamkulu ku South Carolina. Voters analandira mapempho osonyeza kuti John McCain anali ndi mwana wosakwatiwa ndi mkazi wa ku Africa. Mafoniwo ananena kuti McCain ’ mwana wamkazi wotengedwa, amene ali wakuda, anali mwana wake wobadwa kunja kwa ukwati. Chiyambukiro chinali chachinyengo cha & mdash; McCain ndi mkazi wake anali atatenga mtsikana kuchokera ku Bangladesh ana a ana a ana a makolo — koma anawonongeka. Kufufuzako kunathandizira McCain &squo; kutayika kwa poyamba, ndipo chochitikacho chinakhala chitsanzo cha mtundu wa fuko la a agaluni mwa kujambula mwa ndale ya ndale. Ngakhale kuti panalibe umboni woluza za kuwona mkupiti wa ndandanda wa polisi wa Urkins.

Mpikisano wa Nyumba ya Malamulo ya ku Alabama mu 2006

Mkati mwa Alabama ’ ma Khoti la 2006 pakati pa Jeff Sessions ndi Doug Jones, kufufuza kokakamiza kunafalitsidwa kuti monama adagwirizanitsa Jones ndi ntchito zaupandu. Voters anafunsidwa ngati akachirikiza Jones ngati anadziŵa kuti anali wogwirizana ndi “ wophatikizidwa ndi ” zonenedwa zosakhala za lamulo. Mafunsowo adakonzedwa kusasonkhanitsa chidziŵitso koma kufalitsa chikaikiro m’boma kumene kukhulupirira obatizidwa kunali kale kopanda mphamvu. Mkufufuza kwapo kwa oulutsa nkhani kunafufuza za ndalama za gulu la kunja ndi kugwirizana ndi Republican. Mkangano wogogomezera mmene kufunsira kungachititse nkhaŵa za kumalo ndi kululuza osoŵa ndalama kuti amenyane mofulumira.

Mpikisano wa Kumanga Madzi wa ku California mu 2010

Mu California ’ 2010 liŵiro lachigaŵenga pakati pa Jerry Brown ndi Meg Whitman, ovota analandira mapempho okakamiza osonyeza kuti Brown amachirikiza malamulo amene angawononge ndalama za boma ’ amakweza bajeti ndi kukweza misonkho pa mabizinesi aang'ono. Mapemphowo sanaike malo ameneŵa mwachindunji kwa Brown koma adagwiritsira ntchito chilankhulo monga &lquo; mungakhale othekera kwambiri kuvotera kwa wofunsira amene amachirikiza misonkhoma mkati mwa kutsika? ” anatsatiridwa ndi chikumbutso chakuti Brown anali woloŵa ntchito. Kudzi kwa bungwe la “ njira yochirikiza kufalitsa malingaliro oipa popanda kutchula bodza. California Proclates Commis Commis, inalandira madandaulo oyenera kutsimikizira.

Chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 2012

Mpikisano wa pulezidenti wa 2012 pakati pa Barack Obama ndi Mitt Romney unasonkhezera kufufuza kokhudza mbali zonse ziŵiri. Chitsanzo chimodzi chodziŵika chinakhudza mafoni m'mayiko akunja chikunena kuti Romney adachotsa ntchito za ku America pamene anali ku Bain Capital, akumasonyeza kuti iye mwini anatumiza ntchito kumaiko akunja. Mafoni ogwiritsiridwa ntchito monga “ mukachirikiza wofunsira amene adapindula kuchokera ku ku kutumiza ntchito ku China? &rquo; popanda kuwona kuti Bain Capital ’ amalonda anali machitachita achinsinsi aumwini. Mofananamo, ma prom-mom'ssssssss apereka lingaliro lakuti Ovaid ndi Medicarearea, kugwiritsira ntchito ziŵerengero zopotopesa zopoto zolakwika mu 2012. Msunthano yaikulu ya kutumiza kuyendetsa ntchito kwa bungwe la boma la Fuganic Coms Commistion, ngakhale kuti likuitananso kuti aperekeze Bungwe la Fvition.

Ulamuliro Wadziko Lonse wa 2020

Mkati mwa 2020 Democratic, kufufuza kokakamiza kunagwiritsiridwa ntchito kuukira Bernie Sanders ndi Elizabeth Warren. Voters m'maboma aakulu analandira mafoni ofunsa ngati iwo akachirikiza wobatizidwa amene anafuna kuchotsa inshuwalansi ya zaumoyo wa munthuwekha, kukweza misonkho pa gulu lapakati, kapena kuchotsa apolisi. Mafunso ameneŵa adakonzedwa kuti agwirizane ndi oyembekezera onse aŵiriwo ndi malo opambanitsa amene sanasonyeze mokwanira mapulatifomu awo. Maulendowo anapezedwa kukhala makomiti a ndale zadziko okhala ndi zigwirizano zoyenerera ndi magulu a Democractic, kuyambitsa nkhondo ya pakati pa gulu. Chochitikacho chinasonyeza kuti kukakamiza kusanthula sikuli kongoimira kasankho kapena chipani chimodzi cha — iwo ali chida cha ndale zadziko.

N’chifukwa Chiyani Kufalitsa Mabuku Okopa Anthu N’kovuta Kuwamvetsa?

Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri akutsutsa, kuyesa kukakamiza anthu kuti afufuze zinthu sikukulamulidwa kwenikweni ku United States.

Zitetezero Zabwino za Kulankhula

Khoti Loyamba lachita zinthu mwachinyengo limateteza nkhani zandale, kuphatikizapo zosocheretsa kapena zosokoneza. Makhoti akhala akukana kuletsa anthu kufunsira chifukwa chakuti amalephera kuyendera mfundo zachinyengo ngakhale pamene anthu achinyengo achita chinyengo. Khoti Lalikulu lanena kuti nkhani zabodza zandale zimatetezedwa pokhapokha ngati apeza njira zowanyozera kapena kuwapeputsa.

Kusoŵeka kwa Mafotokozedwe Omvekera Bwino a Malamulo

Malamulo a boma amasiyana kwambiri m'njira imene amamasulira kufufuza kokakamiza. Maiko ena amafuna kuti oimba telefoni adziŵitse amene akulipira pa kufunsirako, koma osungitsa ali ofooka. Oyendetsa ofufuza ambiri amagwiritsira ntchito ziŵiya zokopa kapena amalonda achitatu amene ali ovuta kuwalondola. Ngakhale pamene apeza, mtolo wa umboni ngwaukulu: choikiziridwacho chiyenera kusonyeza kuti kusanthulako kunachitidwa ndi cholinga cha kunyenga mmalo mwa kusonkhanitsa malingaliro owona.

Kuyang’anira Kochepa

Federal Ecommution Commission ili ndi ulamuliro wa ndawala koma osati pa nkhani za nkhani zandale. Federal Commission iyang'anira ntchito zozembetsa ndi zamalonda koma imaletsa machenjezo andale zadziko kuchokera ku ziletso zambiri. Monga chotulukapo, kukakamiza kupenda kupyola pa kusweka kwa lamulo la boma. Federal Trade Commission, imene apolisi amanyenga pa zamalonda, alibe ulamuliro pa kulankhulana kwa ndale zadziko.

Kuchuluka kwa Makina Ogwiritsa Ntchito Makompyuta

M’zaka zaposachedwapa, kukakamiza anthu kuti afufuze pa Intaneti. Makampani a zaumoyo, mauthenga a pa foni, ndi mameseji a intaneti tsopano amagwiritsa ntchito njira zotsogola monga kuimbira foni. Njira zimenezi n’zovuta kwambiri kuzigwiritsa ntchito chifukwa chakuti angapangitse tizilombo tochepa kwambiri, angafalikire mofulumira mwa kugawana, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri sadziwika kuti ndi munthu wina. Ofufuza adakali ndi mwayi wochita zimenezi, ndipo amasiya anthu osankhidwawo akutulukira njira zatsopano zogwiritsa ntchito mafoni.

Chiyambukiro Chamaganizo pa Zopangapanga

Kufufuza kokakamiza kuli kogwira ntchito chifukwa chakuti kumagwiritsira ntchito malingaliro olakwika amene amakhomerezedwa kwambiri m’kupanga zosankha za anthu. Kumvetsetsa njira zamaganizo zimenezi kungathandize osankha kuzindikira pamene akupotozedwa.

Kungovumbula Zokha

Wovota akamva mawu onama kangapo konse, ngakhale pamene akufufuza, mawu obwerezabwerezawo amachititsa munthu kudziona ngati wozoloŵereka kwambiri ndipo n’ngodalirika kwambiri. Zimenezi zimadziŵika monga kungokhala kuulukira. Kufufuza kokakamiza kumene kumabwereza mawu otsutsa ponena za wofunsira, ngakhale m’njira yokayikitsa, kungachititse kuti mawuwo aoneke ngati odziŵika bwino pomalizira pake.

Chiyambukiro Chachowonadi Chonyenga

Chogwirizana kwambiri ndi chowonadi chonyenga: anthu ali othekera kwambiri kukhulupirira ndemanga yakuti ikakhala yowona ngati aipezapo, mosasamala kanthu za kulondola kwake kwenikweni. Kufufuza kwachipani cha anthu kumagwiritsira ntchito ichi mwa mawu onyenga kapena osokeretsa m’mafunso, chotero wovotayo amapanga chidziŵitsocho monga chenicheni asanakhale ndi mwaŵi wakuchipenda mosuliza.

Kusokonezeka Maganizo

Anthu amapatsidwa njira zoperekera chisamaliro chachikulu ku chidziŵitso choipa kuposa chidziŵitso chabwino. Kufufuza kokakamiza kumene kumadzutsa zikayikiro ponena za wodwala ’ umphumphu, thanzi, kapena kukondetsa dziko la dziko lawo kungasiye lingaliro losatha limene silingawongolere. Ngakhale ngati wovotayo pambuyo pake aphunzira kuti chinenezocho chinali chonama, chivomerezo choyamba cha malingaliro chingapitirize, kukulitsa kawonedwe kawo kabwino ka wotenga.

Kupanga ndi Kukhoma

Kufufuza kopotoka kumadalira pa kujambula: njira imene funso limafunsidwa imapendedwa mmene woyankhayo amalingalirira nkhaniyo. Mwachitsanzo, kufunsa za “ pespectal persunk ” fammato monga mtolo, pamene akufunsa za “ kuikizira kwa kampani ” kudzikonzetsa kwake monga phindu. Mafunso ofufuza amapendedwa mosamalitsa kuti asonkhetse ovotawo ku mapeto okhumbiridwa, ndipo kukongolako kungachilikiza makambitsirano ndi manyuzipepala.

Mmene Mungadziŵire Chopotozetsa Ntchito

Anthu amene akufuna kudziteteza kuti asachite mapulogalamu ofufuzira, angafufuze mbendera zingapo zofiira.

  • Woitana sangatchule kapena sadzatchula gulu lochirikiza. Ofufuza a m'Malamulo nthaŵi zonse amavumbula amene akulipira kaamba ka kufufuzako. Ngati woitanayo ali wosatsimikizirika kapena akana kunena, ali mwachiwonekere kusanthula kokakamiza.
  • Mafunso akutsogolera kapena kugamula chidziŵitso chosakondweretsa. Ngati mwapemphedwa kuyankha ku chinenezo chimene simunamvepo, makamaka kanthu kena kolakwika ponena za wofunsira, mwinamwake telefoniyo ndiyo kufunsira.
  • Kuitanako nkwachidule kwambiri. Kufufuza kochuluka kokakamiza kumatenga mphindi zoŵerengeka zokha, kwanthaŵi yokwanira kubzala malingaliro angapo oipa. Kufufuza kwenikweni kumatenga mphindi 10 mpaka 20 kuti mupeze chidziŵitso chokwanira.
  • Chitsanzocho chimamva kukhala chosaimira. Ngati mulandira kufufuza kwa ndale zadziko kumene sikumafunsa mafunso ofunika a chiŵerengero cha anthu monga msinkhu, ndalama, kapena kugwirizana ndi chipani, mwachionekere sikuli kuyesayesa kofufuza kowopsa.
  • Mfuuyo imagwiritsira ntchito chilankhulo cha malingaliro. Mawu onga “corrupt, ” “ wowopsa, ” “ Dical, ” kapena “un-Melika ” ndizo zolembedwa zofufuzira zotchuka. Chinenero cha Neutil ndicho chizindikiro cha kusanthula kwauka kwaukatswiri.
  • Kuitana kwanu mwachindunji. Kufufuza kwa mavoti kaŵirikaŵiri kumasumikidwa pa ovota osinthana m'madera ampikisano. Ngati mukukhala m'malo ankhondo, mukhoza kulandira mafoni ameneŵa.

Ngati muganiza kuti mwalandira kufunsira kokakamiza, mungapereke chiitano ku boma lanu ’ bungwe la chisankho kapena Federal Communications Commission. Pamene kuli kwakuti kusungitsa malamulo kuli ndi polekezera, malipoti angathandize kuzindikira njira ndi kukulitsa milandu yotsutsana ndi olakwa mobwerezabwereza.

Kupenda ndi Kuyesayesa kwa Kusintha

Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito mafufuzidwe okakamiza anthu kumachititsa anthu kukhala ndi mafunso aakulu okhudza mmene anthu andale amaonera mfundo zawo ndiponso malire a ndawala zovomerezeka.

Mkangano wa Kuletsa Chiletso

Akatswiri ena andale amatetezera kufufuza kokakamiza monga mtundu wa kufufuza kwa “ kutseguka kwa malamulo kochitidwa ndi ovota. Amatsutsa kuti ovota ali okhoza kupenda chidziŵitso mosuliza ndi kuti kuletsa kusanthula kukhoza kusokoneza kulankhula kwaufulu. Lingaliro limeneli likunena kuti kugulitsa malingaliro, osati malamulo a boma, kuyenera kugamula kuti ndi mauthenga andale ati amene apeza pepala.

Mkangano wa Kubwezera

Otsutsa amatsutsa kuti kukakamiza kufunsira kuli kosiyana kwenikweni ndi kufunsira kowona mtima chifukwa chakuti amabisa kukhala kufufuza kwauchete. Pamene wovota akhulupirira kuti iwo akutengamo mbali m'kufufuza, iwo samachenjera ndi kupangitsa kachitidwe kachinyengo kukhala kovulaza mwapadera. Ochirikiza a Regation akulingalira kuti oimbawo afune kugamula, poyambirira pa chiitanocho, kuti chifuno ndicho kusonkhezera malingaliro, osati kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso. Iwo amachirikizanso kusungitsa kolimba kwa malamulo olembedwa ndi kufufuza kwamphamvu kochitidwa ndi nduna za boma.

Kudzipangira Wekha Mafakitale

Mabungwe angapo ofufuza aukatswiri, kuphatikizapo American Association for Public Opinion Research, apereka zitsogozo zotsutsa kufufuza kokakamiza. Malangizo ameneŵa amalimbikitsa kuwonekera bwino, kufunsa mafunso osakhudzidwa, ndi kuvumbula za ndalama. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti palibe ulamuliro waukulu umene umakhazikitsa miyezo imeneyi, kugonjera kuli kwaufulu, ndipo magulu amene amakakamiza kusanthula si kaŵirikaŵiri amene ali mamembala a magulu ameneŵa. Kudzigamula modzigangira kwatsimikizira kukhala kosaphula kanthu pa kuletsa kachitidweko.

Zoyesayesa za Kusintha Zam’dziko

Maboma angapo akhazikitsa malamulo amene amakakamiza ofunsira kuti adziŵe gulu lopereka chiitano ndi kunena kuti chiitanocho si kufufuza kowona kwa malingaliro. Mwachitsanzo, California ikufuna kuvumbulidwa kwa zochokera za ndalama za kuyendetsa zandale za zandale [1], ngakhale kuti lamulo limakhala losagwirizana. Maboma ena, onga Ohio ndi Florida, ayesa kufotokoza kukakamiza kusanthula ndi kukhazikitsa ndalama zoponyera. Zoyesayesa za boma zimenezi zimapatsa ntchito yapadera ya chitetezo koma sizikuloŵa mmalo a miyezo yofala ya boma.

Tsogolo la Kuwononga Magalimoto Panyengo ya Masamu

Pamene njira zolankhulirana zandale zikuyendera pa Intaneti, kuchititsa kafukufuku wambiri. Makompyuta a zaumoyo wa anthu tsopano ali ndi mapulogalamu a “ misika ya malonda amene amafunsa mafunso ochititsa chidwi opangira malingaliro m’malo mwa kuwayeza. Makampani a mauthenga amagwiritsanso ntchito njira zofanana, kaŵirikaŵiri ndi mawebusaiti amene amasonkhanitsa mauthenga a anthu pofalitsa zinthu zoipa. Kulankhulana ndi kufika pa kompyuta kumawachititsa kukopa kwambiri kuposa kutumiza mauthenga a pa telefoni.

Kuthetsa vuto limeneli kungafunikire njira yothandiza kwambiri. Mafomu angawongolere kuonekera bwino mwa kupempha osatsa malonda andale kuti aulule ndalama zawo ndi cholinga chawo. Ofufuza angapange zipangizo zopitirizira ntchito zopitirizira zoyendera zogwirizana ndi uthenga ndi njira zopitira. Aphunzitsi angaphunzitse luso lakuphunzira zimene zimathandiza ofufuza kuzindikira kuyesayesa kwachinyengo. Kusinthako kungafikire potsirizira pake, koma pakali pano, anthu akhalabe osamala kwambiri.

Kumaliza

Kufufuza kokakamiza kumasonyeza imodzi ya njira zovutitsa maganizo kwambiri m'ndale zamakono. Mwa kutsutsa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa pofufuza, amadyera thamo ovota Actrsquo; kukhulupirira kuti adzafufuza ndi kufooketsa kukhulupirika kwa nkhani yapoyera. Nkhaniyo ikusonyeza kuti kukakamiza kufufuza kuli vuto losatha, la zigawo zimene zimatsutsa malamulo osavuta. Kusintha maganizo awo n’koonadi, ndipo kukhoza kwawo kupotoza masankho m'mafuko sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa.

Kwa ovota, kudzitetezera kwabwino ndiko kuzindikira. Kuzindikira chimene kupenda kokakamiza kuli, kuzindikira zizindikiro zochenjeza, ndi kukana kuloŵa m'kuimba kapena mauthenga onyenga kungachepetse kugwira ntchito kwawo. Kwa opanga malamulo, vuto ndilo kulinganiza chitetezo chaufulu ndi a bungwe la ofufuza a ’ kuyenera ku chidziŵitso chowona mtima. Pamene njira za magetsi zikupitirizabe kusinthika, kufunika kwa miyezo ya makhalidwe abwino ndi malamulo osungidwa kudzakula. Pakali pano, nzika iliyonse yodziŵa bwino imene ingaone kutsendereza ndi kuiitana kuti ithandize kuteteza ntchito za demokrase kwa amene angaziyendetse.