Maziko a Kutenga Mbali Kwademokrase: Kulembetsa ndi Ballot Access

Kulembetsa kwa Voter sikuli kokha ntchito yauyang'aniro; kuli njira ya kugawana ndi demokrase. Kachitidwe ka kulembetsa kusandutsa chosankha cha nzika kukhala cholinga cha kugawana , kutsimikizira kuti liwu lililonse lili ndi mwaŵi wa kuŵerengedwa. Kufikira ku kampaniyo . Kukhoza kuponya mavoti popanda zopinga zosafunikira. Kuŵiriku nkofunika mofanana. Kumbali ziŵirizi kumatsimikizira ngati chisankho chimasonyezadi chifuniro cha anthu. Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za mbali yawo yaikulu m'boma la democracy, kulembetsa ndi kulowa kwawo kovomerezeka kumakhala kogaŵana mosayenerera ku United States, ndi malire alamulo, ndi maluso a zalamulo, ndi zachuma omwe angasathe kujambula ndi kutenga nawo mbali. Nkhaniyi ikupenda kufunika kwa kulembetsa kovomerezeka, ndi kukwaniritsa kuyenerera kwa nzika zawo zonse.

Kumvetsetsa Kulembetsa M’magulu

Kulembetsa kovomerezeka kwa Voter ndi njira imene nzika zoyenerera zimalembetsera kutengamo mbali m'masankho. Ku United States, njira imeneyi imaikidwa bwino: boma lililonse limakhazikitsa malamulo ake, masiku ake, ndi njira zolembera. Pamene kuli kwakuti bungwe la National Voter Religionation Act ya 1993 (imene imadziwika kwambiri monga Dor Voter Act) imakhazikitsa miyezo yocheperapo monga kulembetsa pa mabungwe a galimoto ndi kutumiza makalata. Zotsatira zake ndizo madongosolo adongosolo amene angayambitse chisokosokosokonezo ndi kuchotsako, makamaka anthu amene amayendayenda mobwerezabwereza, kusoŵa kodalirika kwa Intaneti, kapena kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo.

Zofunika kuti munthu athe kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, ndi makalata, kapena munthu, koma kupezeka kwa njira iliyonse imene ikufuna kuvota, ndiponso kukhala ndi zaka zosachepera 18 pa tsiku la Chisankho. Mayiko ena amakhazikitsanso mikhalidwe ina, monga kuletsa anthu amene ali ndi zikalata zina zovomerezeka kuti alembetse. Kulembetsa kungamalizidwe pa Intaneti, potumiza makalata, kapena pawekha, koma kupezeka kwa njira iliyonse imene ikuchepetsa kupikisana ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu.

Kufunika kwa njira yolembera yolimba sikungatchulidwe mopitirira. Popanda kulembetsa kolondola ndi kofikika, masankho anganyozedwe ndi zolakwa, kuchedwa, ndi kuchotsedwa. Chikalata cha Census Bureau cha U.S. cha Censues Bureau chasonyeza kuti kulembetsa kuli kochepa pakati pa achichepere, anthu a mitundu, ndi anthu olandira bwino. Magulu amene ali kale ndi vuto m'mbali zambiri za moyo wa anthu. Kulankhula ndi kusiyana kumeneku kumayamba ndi kuzindikira mmene kulembetsera ndi kumene kumalephera.

Kuthandiza Kulemba Mabuku a M’manja

Zotulukapo za Woimira

Milingo ya ovota yaikulu imayenderana kwambiri ndi wovota wamkulu, amenenso amapanga masankho amene molongosoka amasonyeza zimene osankho asankha amakonda. Pamene kulembetsa kwatsika, chigawo cha ovota ncholetsedwa, ndipo akuluakulu osankhidwa sangakhale ndi mlandu ku chitaganya chonse. Maphunziro a Brennan Center ya Justice Apeza kuti kulembetsa kodzifunira kumawonjezera kulembetsa kwapadera [1] [1] mobwerezabwereza ndi nsonga zazikulu za m'maboma zimene zagwirizana ndi kulembetsa. Kulembetsa kwapamwamba kumachepetsanso mtengo wa ndawala, monga momwe magulu ndi ofunsirawo angachepetsere kukopa ndi kutembenuza.

Kuloŵa M’gulu la Anthu ndi Kugwidwa

Mabungwe monga bungwe la League of Women Voters ndi Rock agwiritsa ntchito kwa nthaŵi yaitali kulembetsa anthu a m'dzikolo, odzipereka, ndi kupanga makampani a anthu. Ngati kulembetsa ndi kosavuta komanso kosavuta, zimenezi zimasonyeza kuti dongosolo la ndale likufuna kutengamo mbali. Komanso, malamulo ovuta kwambiri ovomerezeka angachititse kuti anthu amene ali ndi chidziŵitso, ndiponso chuma cha [1]

Zolepheretsa Kulembetsa M’mabuku a Zopangapanga

Ngakhale kuti kulembetsa kotchuka kumapindulitsa, anthu ambiri oyenerera a ku America salembetsa m’makalata awo.

Njira Zocholoŵana ndi Zovuta Kuzimvetsa

M'mayiko popanda kulembetsa tsiku limodzi, nzika ziyenera kulembetsa ndi nthaŵi imene ingakhale yoyambirira pa masiku 30 tsiku la Chisankho lisanafike. Kuphonya ntchito, ndipo mwalephera bwino lomwe kukwaniritsa ntchito . Ngakhale ngati muli oyenerera. Mapepala ofunikira angaphatikizepo kupereka laisensi ya dalaivala nambala ya nambala kapena magawo anayi omalizira a nambala ya Kayendedwe ka anthu, amene mapempho ena sangakhale opezeka mosavuta. Kuwonjezera apo, mafomuwo angakhale osokoneza; maphunziro 2020 ochitidwa ndi [[FLT: 0].S. . Komiti ya Komiti ya Komiti ya Komiti ya kulembera inapeza kuti mlingo wochuluka wa mafomu olembetsa kulembetsa, kapena osadziŵa bwino. Oyendetsa zinthuwawo angakhudzetse anthu ochepera maphunziro, ndi olankhula Chizungu, ndi olankhula Chizungu.

Kusoŵeka kwa Kuzindikira ndi Kudziŵitsidwa

Nzika zambiri sizidziŵa kuti kulembetsa kovota kuli kofunika posankha, kapena mwina sizingadziŵe mmene angakwanitsire ntchitoyi. Zimenezi zili choncho makamaka kwa anthu amene ayamba kuvota, achinyamata, ndi anthu amene angobadwa kumene. Malinga ndi Pew Research Center, anthu ambiri ovotedwa osalembetsa sadziwa kuti alembetse bwanji kuti alembetse pa zifukwa zazikulu. Kuyesayesa, ngakhale kuti n’kothandiza, kaŵirikaŵiri kumaonedwa kukhala kochepa ndiponso kogaŵana. Mwachitsanzo, anthu a m’madera akumidzi, angachedwe ndi zikalata zovomerezeka kapena kulephera kulembetsa pa Intaneti.

Zochititsa Zachuma ndi Mabanja

Kusakhazikika kwa zachuma, kusatetezereka kwa nyumba, ndi kusamukasamuka kungapangitse kukhala kovuta kwa anthu okhala ndi njira yokhalira ndi chidziŵitso cha kulembetsa. Anthu amene ali osakhala m’nyumba kapena okhala m’malo osungirako ang'onoang'ono angavutike kukwaniritsa zofunika za mapepala a zandale. Ndiponso, mtengo wa kupeza chizindikiritso chofunika (monga ngati khadi la tchadi cha boma) ungakhale chopinga kwa awo okhala ndi chuma chochepa. Zimenezi zimapangitsa chiyeneretso: awo amene ali osoŵa kale amapeza kukhala ovuta kulembetsa, zimenenso zimachepetsa mphamvu yawo ya ndale zadziko ndi kupangitsa kuti ziwonerenji kuti malamulo osamalira zosoŵa zawo achitidwe.

Kufikira ku Ballot

Kulembetsa kuli kokha sitepe loyamba; pamene ovota alembetsedwa, ayenera kukhala okhoza kuponya mapepala awo popanda vuto losafunikira. Kuloŵa kwa Ballot kumaphatikiza zonse kuchokera pamalo ndi maola a kufunsira kufikira kupezeka kwa njira zina zovota ndi kusungitsa malamulo a ovota.

Kupezeka kwa Ntchito Yopanga Zopanga

Kupezeka kwa malo oonera ndi nkhani yaikulu, makamaka kwa osankha amene ali ndi vuto lopunduka. Pansi pa Help America Vote Act ya 2002, malo ofunsira ayenera kukhala ofikirika kwa anthu opunduka, koma si ogwirizana. Lipoti la 2017 la Boma la Boma lapeza kuti malo oposa 60% a kufunsira anali ndi chopinga chimodzi chothekera, monga ngati mathithithi opapatiza, kapena kusoŵa kwa kuima. Kwa olephera kuloŵa m’nyumba, kuvota kaŵirikaŵiri amakhalapo koma osafalitsidwa bwino. Ndiponso, anthu ofufuza kumidzi angayang'ane ndi maulendo aatali kuti afike kumalo awo opatulira, katundu amene angatse otsekereze.

Kuyamba Kutulutsa Masiponji ndi Maposi

Zosankha monga kuvota koyamba ndi kuvota ndi kutumiza makalata zawonjezera kulowa kwa anthu ambiri a ku America. Kuvota koyamba kumalola anthu ogwira ntchito, osamala, ndi ena okhala ndi mandandanda otsutsana kuti avote panthaŵi imene iwo akufuna. Makalata-m'thumwi amapereka njira yothetsera anthu amene sangathe kupita kumalo ofufuza chifukwa cha matenda, kupunduka, kapena mtunda. Komabe, zosankha zimenezi sizipezeka paliponse. Maboma ena amaletsa kuvota mwamsanga maola kapena malo ena, pamene ena amafuna kubisa chodzikhululukira kuti asiye kutuluka. Ndiponso, kuyendetsa kwa maposi-in ballot kungachititse kuchedwa, ndi kusintha kwaposachedwapa m'mayiko angapo kwachepetsa nthaŵi yobwerera ku mavoti, kukweza nkhaŵa ponena za kuchotsako. [FLD: 0] Boma la Boma la Boma la Regition: Convenceal as Count-Flation produce of the tration.

Malamulo a Zopangapanga ndi Chiyambukiro Chake

Mwinamwake palibe nkhani imene yakhala yotsutsana kwambiri m’zaka zaposachedwapa kuposa zofunika za wovota. Ochirikiza amanena kuti malamulo a Chikalata cha Aid okhwima amaletsa chinyengo (ngakhale kuti chinyengo chotero nchachilendo), pamene adani akutsutsa kuti malamulo ameneŵa amachotsapo ndi kuchepetsa anthu ochepa, okalamba, ndi otsika amene sangakhale ndi makampani a boma. Kufufuza kochitidwa ndi Boma kuyenera kutsimikizira kuti malamulo a ovota audindo achepetsedwa ndi avareji ya 2.3 peresenti, ndi kutsika kwa mavoti aakulu pakati pa African America ndi Highpanic. Kutsutsana kwa ovota kuli chizindikiro cha kupsinjika pakati pa chisankho cha chisankho ndi kuyandikira kwa chisungiko. Chipwiriro cha 2019 kuyenera kusungidwa mosamalitsa kuti malamulo a boma asagwirizanitsidwe ndi kutse zoletsa.

Kuwongolera Kulembetsa Kokhala ndi Malo Osungira Zinthu ndi Malo Opezekapo

Kulemba Malo Opanga Malo Okhala

Imodzi ya masinthidwe opindulitsa kwambiri ndiyo kulembetsa kodzifunira kwa ovota. AVR akugwiritsira ntchito chidziŵitso chokhala ndi mabungwe a boma . monga DMV, madipatimenti a zaumoyo, kapena mautumiki a anthu . Kulembetsa nzika zoyenerera popanda kusankha. Zimenezi zimachotsa kufunika kwa kulembetsa modzifunira ndi kutsimikizira kuti nzika zambiri zimawonjezeredwa ku mapepala pamene zigwirizana ndi mabungwe a boma. Monga 2024, maboma oposa 20 ndi Disiturikiti ya Columbia alandira AVR. Kufufuza kuchokera ku Brennan Center kumasonyeza kuti AVR siima kungowonjezera mayezo kulembetsa kulembera mafomu okanidwa ndi oyeretsa. Chitsanzocho chimaonedwa mowonjezereka kukhala kuyeserera bwino kwambiri kaamba ka mavoti amakono.

Kulembetsa pa Intaneti

Kulembetsa tsiku limodzi kumalola nzika zoyenerera kulembetsa ndi kuvota patsiku limodzi, kaya pa nthawi yovota kapena pa Tsiku la Chisankho. Kusintha kumeneku kumapindulitsa kwambiri anthu amene amaphonya masiku a mwambo kapena amene amayenerera mwamsanga asanasankhe. Maboma omwe alembetsa tsiku limodzi amalemba mobwerezabwereza. Mofananamo, kulembetsa kwa pa Intaneti [1] kumene kulipo m'mayiko pafupifupi 40, kumathandiza kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino ndipo kumachepetsa zolakwa mwa kutsimikizira kuti zinthu zenizeni zasinthadi pa nthawi yolimbana ndi madayake. Malo ovomerezeka a makampani a maofesi a boma apamwamba atha kuwonjezera kutumiza kwa achinyamata amene amadalira pa mafoni awo ambiri pa Intaneti.

Ntchito Yophunzitsa Anthu Mowonjezereka

Masinthidwe a lamulo okha singokwanira; kupambana kwakukulu nkofunika kutsimikizira kuti nzika zimadziŵa bwino za zosankha zawo. Mabungwe a Nonpartisan, masukulu, ndi magulu a anthu amachita mbali yofunika kwambiri potsogolera madalaishoni, kufalitsa chidziŵitso, ndi kuthandiza anthu kuyendetsa njira. Zida za magetsi, monga ngati kulembetsa mawebusaiti ofufuza ndi zikumbutso, zingachenjeze ogwiritsa ntchito pa nthaŵi ndi kusintha kwa malo ofufuza. Kuwonjezera apo, akuluakulu a makampani a makampani angagwirizanitse ndi mapulati a makampani a za makampani a za makampani a za makampani a zaumboni ndi mavoti. Mfungulo ndizo kukumana ndi anthu kumene ali kopeka ndi malo okumbutsa zinthu ndi mapulogalamu a kupangitsa kachitidwe kachitidwe kachitidwe ka zinthu monga kopeseŵereshoni.

Kukulitsa Zosankha Zofalitsa

Kuwongolera mawindo osanthula, maboma angafutukule mawindo oonera, kutsegula malo oonera owonjezereka, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito popanda kusanthula makalata. Kupanga Tsiku la Chisankho holide kapena kupereka nthaŵi yolipiridwa kaamba ka kuvota kungachotsenso zoletsa pa kugawana. Osankha okhala ndi zopunduka, kutsimikizira kuti malo onse ofunsira ali ofikirika mokwanira ndi kuti makina osankha ali okhoza kugwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi anthu okhala ndi maluso osiyanasiyana athupi ndi a kupenda nkofunika. Kulandira kwa madesiki ndi osungiramo pepala kungawonjezerenso chidaliro m'chisungiko cha makalata ndi kusanthula ndi kusanthula kwa pakompyuta, motero kugwiritsira ntchito njira zoyenerera.

Ntchito ya Maphunziro m’Kulemba Mabuku a Mabuku a Zolembapo

Maphunziro onena za masankho ndi maziko a demokrase yathanzi. Pamene nzika zizindikira mmene zingavomerezere, kumene zingavote, ndi ufulu wawo, zingachitike. Sukulu zingagwirizanitse kulembetsa kovota m'masukulu a boma, kuphunzitsa ophunzira mbiri ya kujambula ndi masankho. Maboma ambiri amafuna kuti masukulu apamwamba apereke mwaŵi wolembetsa kwa ophunzira amene ali kapena amene adzafika posachedwa kuvota. Makoleji ndi mayunivesite angaperekenso chidziŵitso chovomerezeka m'malangizo kapena kupyolera m'mabungwe a sukulu.

Pambuyo pa maphunziro ozoloŵereka, makampani odziŵitsa anthu angawongolere molakwa malamulo a voti, kusweka kwa malamulo a mavoti, ndi njira yolembetsera. Mwachitsanzo, nzika zambiri zimakhulupirira kuti zimalembetsedwa zokha pamene zipeza laisensi ya dalaivala, imene si yowona m'maiko popanda AVR. Kumveka, chidziŵitso chopezeka zinenero zambiri ndi mafomu . .C.can gelo pakati pa kulimba ndi kutengamo mbali. Mabungwe onga la Leage of Women Voters amapereka ziŵiro zothandizira kupenda malo awo olembetsera, kupeza malo awo ofunsira, ndi oyesera ma a oŵerengera.

Kumaliza

Kulembetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala ndi mapepala ndizo zipilala ziwiri za demokalase. Dongosolo limene limalepheretsa kulembetsa kapena kukhazikitsa zopinga kuti munthu alembe voti, voti imodzi. United States yapanga kupita patsogolo kwakukulu m'zaka zaposachedwapa. Mwa kuonetsetsa kuti nzika zonse zoyenerera zilembetseretu mosavuta ndi zopanda ntchito, ndiponso popanda zopinga, sitikulimbitsa chisankho chathu chokha. Cholinga chake n’chakuti pakhale kuwonjezera manambala, koma kuti pakhale dongosolo landale, koma kuti pakhale dongosolo lililonse landale, pakhale kukonza zinthu zolondola, kuwongolera zinthu, ndi kuyesayesa kothandiza kwambiri. Mwakutsimikizira kuti nzika iliyonse yabwino ilembe mosavuta ndi kuvomereza popanda zopinga zosafunika, timalimbitsanso chisankhoterero chathu komanso kuvomerezedwa ndi kuwonjezera makampani athu. Cholinga chake sichiri kungowonjezera manambala, koma kuwonjezera njira iliyonse imene imakhaladi m’nkhani zonse zandale zadziko.