Ntchito Yosatsutsika ya Maulamuliro a M’deralo m’Kuteteza Umoyo wa Anthu

Mliri wa COVID . Pafupifupi mu 19 wa matenda, dziko lonse linaona zenizeni: malo oyenderako, otetezera anthu, ogwirizana ndi sukulu ndi mabizinesi, komanso otsimikizira kuti anthu ovutika kwambiri akulandira chithandizo. Zimenezi zatsimikizira kuti akatswiri a zaumoyo amvetsa bwino mfundo yakuti kwa nthaŵi yaitali, dziko lapansi ndilo likulamulira kumene kwanthaŵi yaitali.

Maboma a m’maderawa ndi oyamba kuzindikira zinthu zimene zikuyambitsa nkhondo, kusonkhanitsa zinthu mofulumira, ndiponso kutumiza anthu odalirika kwa anthu awo. Komabe ntchito yawo nthaŵi zambiri imaponderezedwa, kuponderezedwa, ndiponso kunyalanyazidwa m’mikangano ya mayiko. Kuti asunge ndi kuwongolera miyezo ya zaumoyo wa anthu, tiyenera kuzindikira mmene ulamuliro wa kumaloko umagwirira ntchito, mavuto aakulu amene umayang’anizana nawo, ndi njira zimene zingausinthe kuchoka ku mgwirizano wofooka kukhala malo aakulu otetezera ndi ochitirapo kanthu.

Kufotokoza Maulamuliro a M’deralo a Thanzi la Anthu Onse

Maboma a boma a zaumoyo akutanthauza njira, njira, ndi mabungwe amene anthu amapanga zosankha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kuti ateteze thanzi lawo. Si bungwe la boma lokha limene limasankha anthu, akuluakulu a zaumoyo, mabungwe a boma, anthu ogwirizana ndi anthu opanga zinthu, ndiponso anthu odzipereka omwe amapanga zinthu pamodzi zoteteza thanzi la anthu.

Pamene kuli kwakuti maboma a dziko ndi boma anaika malamulo aakulu . monga ngati miyezo ya kutetezereka kwa chakudya kapena kusungitsa akatemera kumachitika pamalo akwanuko. Dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ya m'tauni yokhala ndi anthu ambiri ingayambitse kuyang'anira matenda ndi ukhondo wa nyumba zapamwamba za ↑, pamene kuli kwakuti dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ya m'madera akumidzi ingasumike pa ukulu wa madzi ndi kukhoza kuyang'anira. Kusintha kumeneku kumachititsa kuti boma la kumaloko liloŵetsemo m'malo apadera, malo ake, ndi chuma cha chitaganya chilichonse.

Ulamuliro wa boma wa thanzi la anthu a m’dzikolo umasiyanasiyana. Ku United States, maboma ambiri amagaŵira maulamuliro ndi mizinda ku malamulo onga makonzedwe a ulamuliro wa m’nyumba, pamene kuli kwakuti m'maiko ena, maboma akugwira ntchito pansi pa malamulo a dziko koma amasunga luntha lapadera pokwaniritsa. Chimene chimakhala chosasintha nchakuti opanga zosankha za anthu amene amatumikira, chimene chimasonkhezera kuŵerengera ndi kulabadira.

Ntchito ya Umoyo wa Anthu Onse

Ntchito yofunika ya maboma a m'zaumoyo wa anthu ingalinganizidwire m'mbali zitatu: kupenda, kukulitsa malamulo, ndi chitsimikizo. Ntchito zimenezi, zokhazikitsidwa ndi CDC CDC’S Essential Public Health Service , zimapereka maziko opendera ndi kulimbitsa mphamvu ya kumaloko.

Kupima ndi Kuchuluka kwa Zinthu

Dipatimenti za zaumoyo za kumaloko zimayang'anira zaumoyo wa anthu awo mwa kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso cha makompyuta, kufufuza za matenda opatsirana, ndi zolembedwa zofunika. Zimachititsa kufufuza kwa matenda ochititsidwa ndi chakudya ndi kuchuluka kwa matenda osatha. Popanda kuyang'ana kwa malowo, chidziŵitso cha dziko chingakhale chopanda mphamvu kwambiri kuti chizindikire zizindikiro zoyambirira za mliri kapena kuzindikira anthu ovutika m'madera ena.

Kupita Patsogolo kwa Kayendetsedwe ka Ntchito ndi Kukakamiza

Maboma a kumaloko amapanga malamulo amene amayambukira mwachindunji moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku: malamulo otetezera kuwonongeka kwa mtovu, malamulo oyendera ochepetsa matenda ochititsidwa ndi chakudya, malamulo oletsa kupuma, ndi malamulo okhazikitsa amene amachepetsa fodya kapena zidakwa pafupi ndi sukulu. Njira zopimira monga kutumiza faindi ya kuswa ukhondo kapena mabizinesi amene amalephera kukwaniritsa miyezo ya chisungiko.

Chitsimikizo cha Mautumiki ndi Kupezeka

Maboma a boma amasamalira zipatala, amayendetsa ntchito zaumoyo wa ana, amagwirizanitsa zipatala kuti zikonzeke mwamsanga, ndiponso amalangiza anthu zaumoyo kudzera m’masukulu ndi m'makampani a boma. Amagwirizanitsanso anthu a m’dzikolo ndi mapulogalamu a inshuwalansi ndi mautumiki a zaumoyo amene amathandiza anthu, monga nyumba, chakudya, ndi zoyendera.

Nkhani za Anthu Amene Anapambana: Mmene Maulamuliro Amene Aliko Amaonekera

Padziko lonse, maboma ambiri asonyeza zimene zingachitike ngati anthu asankha kuchita zandale, kukhazikitsa zigwirizano, ndi kupatsa anthu katundu.

Makomboni a zaumoyo a meno ku Louisville, Kentucky [1] [FLT ] Njati ya Louisville Metro ya Umoyo wa Anthu ndi Wells inasintha njira yake yosamalira mwa kulumikizana kukhala malo aumoyo a anthu omwe amapereka chisamaliro chachikulu, mautumiki a mano, ma ma ma ma ma ma mameno, ndi mankhwala m’munsi mwa denga limodzi. Chotulukapo: kuchepetsa maulendo angozi ndi kuwongolera kwa matenda osachiritsika pakati pa nzika zokhala ndi anthu otsika. Dipatimenti yonyamulanso magulu a zaumoyo kuti afikire anthu opanda nyumba ndi madera akumidzi, ikuonetsa mmene maboma akumalowo angachitire ntchito yoposa ma chipatala a njerwalaŵala.

Kusinthasintha kwa Akinawa ku Kerala, India[FLT :1] Maboma a Kerala (panchayat) anakhala maziko a imodzi ya ndawala za katemera wopambana kwambiri ku COVID . Mabungwe a m'mudzi anadziŵikitsa anthu oyenerera, olinganiza zoyendera okalamba, kugwiritsira ntchito zoulutsira za kumaloko kulimbana ndi kuchedwa, ndi kusungidwa kwa katemera m'nyumba za chitaganya. Makina a udzuwo anafikitsa ku 90% ya katemera woyamba wa anthu achikulire, kupitirira pa avareji ya dziko lonse. Okhulupirira anthu okhala m’makolo anali kuikidwa mwa atsogoleri awo ndi maluso a boma a kumaloko kuti agwirizane ndi malangizo a chikhalidwe ndi zinenero za m’dziko.

Tobaco Control mu New York City[FLT :1] Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya New York City iri ndi mbiri yaitali ya malamulo aupainiya a fodya akumaloko . Kuyambira kukweza zaka zochepera kufika pa 21, kuletsa zokometsera fodya, kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zochenjeza m'masitolo. Malamulo ameneŵa, kaŵirikaŵiri owopsa kuposa boma kapena mpikisano wa boma, amachititsa kutsika kwakukulu kwa kusuta fodya waukulu. Kupambana kumasonyeza kuti maboma akumaloko angatumikire monga mapulogalamu a malamulo, kuyesa mwamphamvu zimene pambuyo pake zidzakhala zitsanzo za makampani aakulu.

Mavuto Amene Akupitirizabe Kuvuta

Ngakhale kuti pali malo owala ameneŵa, boma loyang’anira zaumoyo wa anthu onse likuyang’anizana ndi mavuto ovuta amene amalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwake bwino ndi kukhazikika.

Chizoloŵezi Chosatha ndi Chowononga Chuma

M'maiko ambiri, madipatimenti a zaumoyo akumagwiritsira ntchito ndalama zoyendera nsapato. Kufufuza kwa 2019 kochitidwa ndi National Association of County and City Health Offaaliers kunapeza kuti oposa theka la madipatimenti a zaumoyo a United States adachepetsa antchito m'zaka zisanu zapitazo. Pamene ma bajeti adula, maprogramu oyamba kupita kaŵirikaŵiri ndiwo kutetezera ndi kuchotsa zinthu zomwe zimatetezera mavuto asanayambike. Ndalama zosakwanira zimatsogolera kudalira pa zipatala zazifupi, kugawanika ndi kupanga maprogramu anthaŵi yaitali zosatheka.

Kusintha kwa Ndale ndi Utsogoleri

Oyang'anira zaumoyo akomweko ndi oyang’anira amatumikira pachisangalalo cha osankhidwa kapena ovota, ndi kutembenuka kwapamwamba kungapitirire. Mabungwe atsopano angasiye maprogramu ozikidwa pa amene anayambitsidwa ndi woyambirira, kulowa mmalo akatswiri a zaumoyo ndi oikidwa ndi ndale zadziko, kapena kuchepetsa thanzi kuchirikiza kupita patsogolo kwa chuma. Kusintha kwa nyawu kwa katemera kungapereketsetse mphamvu ndi zifukwa za katemera mkati mwa mliriwo chitsanzo chabwino cha mmene thanzi la chitaganya chingakhalere mofulumira ndi mpira wa ndalere.

Kudziwa Zinthu ndi Umboni Wake N’kochepa

Madipatimenti ambiri a zaumoyo akuno alibe maluso a zomangamanga ndi ziŵerengero zosonkhanitsa, kupenda, ndi kugwiritsira ntchito bwino lomwe. Popanda madongosolo aakulu a chidziŵitso, iwo sangadziŵe madera amene ali ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu cha anthu osoŵa katemera wa asima kapena amene anthu akusoŵa. Amakakamizidwa kudalira pa umboni wa zachuma kapena malipoti a boma achikale, kuchepetsa mphamvu yawo yopereka zinthu mwachipambano ndi kusonyeza mphamvu ya osunga ndalama.

Kuchitira Ubwenzi ndi Kusakhulupirirana

Ngakhale programu ya zaumoyo yokonzedwa bwino kwambiri yakumaloko imalephera ngati chitaganya sichikhulupirira mthengayo. Chisalungamo cha mbiri yakale . Chonga Tuskegee phunziro la chindoko kapena kutseketsa kwa kukakamiza kubereka kwapangitsa kukaikira kwakukulu kwa maulamuliro a zaumoyo a anthu, makamaka Akuda, Inow, ndi magulu ena opatuka. Kudalirana kumafuna kulankhulana kosasintha, kudzichepetsa kwa chikhalidwe, ndi kutengamo mbali m’chigwirizano, zonsezo zimafuna nthaŵi ndi chuma cha maboma ambiri akumalo amene akusoŵa.

Njira Zolimbikitsira Maulamuliro a M’deralo

Kuti athetse mavuto amenewa, pamafunika njira yothandiza kwambiri kuti maboma a m’maderawo athe kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso kuti akwanitse.

Kupeza Ndalama Zothandiza Komanso Zogwirizana ndi Malonda

Mmalo modalira pa ndalama zopitira kumbuyo, maboma ayenera kukhazikitsa ndalama zoperekedwa zaumoyo wa anthu akumaloko ndi malamulo ogwirizana ndi zosoŵa za anthu, mlingo wa umphaŵi, ndi zotsatira za thanzi. Njira zimenezi zimapatsa bata ndi kulola madipatimenti a zaumoyo kulinganiza njira za zaka zambiri. Mabungwe a amphaka angagwirenso ntchito mwa kupereka ndalama zomangira zomwe sizimalamulira zotulutsa zochepera.

Kumanga Zinthu Zothandiza Kudziŵa Zinthu ndi Ukulu Wotha Kuzigwiritsa Ntchito

Madipatimenti a zaumoyo a m'dziko afunikira madongosolo amakono a chidziŵitso omwe angaphatikizepo chidziŵitso kuchokera ku zipatala, ma alabole, masukulu, ndi mautumiki a anthu. Mapulatifomu a stem ogwirizana, zolembera za umoyo zamagetsi zogwirizanitsidwa ndi magetsi, ndi maphunziro a zamankhwala angasinthe chidziŵitso chosadziŵika kukhala nzeru yogwira ntchito. Mabungwe a maphunziro apamwamba angapereke chichirikizo chapamwamba cha maatomu ndi chithandizo chokulitsa mabodingbodi amene amagwirizanitsa ngozi kwa opanga malamulo ndi anthu onse.

Kuthandiza Anthu Kupeza Zochita Ndiponso Kulenga Zinthu Zotchedwa Corezi

Uyang'aniro wogwira ntchito wa kumaloko umachita ndi chitaganya monga mnzake, osati wolandira wamba. Mabungwe olembedwa ndi anthu okhala, mabungwe ogwirizana, ndi oimira magulu a anthu amene sanalembedwe m'mbiri ayenera kukhala ndi chisonkhezero chenicheni pa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za bajeti ndi mapulani a programu. Zida zonga kulinganiza kwa bajeti, zoyendera zaumoyo wa anthu, ndi ajuli angakulitse chidaliro ndi kutsimikizira kuti kuloŵerera kwa nzika kumasonyeza makhalidwe a kumaloko.

Kulimbitsa Ubwenzi wa Oyendetsa Magulu

Maboma a boma akhazikitsa mgwirizano ndi akuluakulu a boma, mabungwe a zachitetezo, masukulu, ndi maofesi a zachuma. Mwachitsanzo, anthu a m’dipatimenti yokonza malo ndi a zaumoyo a mumzinda angagwirizane ndi kampani yokonza malo atsopano oyenera monga malo obiriwira, njira zoyendera, ndiponso masitolo.

Kuteteza Thanzi la Anthu Onse ku Kusagwirizana ndi Ndale Zandale

Kuti atetezere zosankha zaumoyo ku nyengo za kugaŵikana, maboma angatsatire njira zaumoyo zimene zimapatsa maofesala a zaumoyo malamulo otsimikizirika, ndi ndalama zodziimira. Zofunika zoyendera monga kufalitsa umboni wa malamulo a zaumoyo ndi kuchititsa anthu kumva nkhani zachinsinsi. Pakachitika ngozi, malamulo omveka bwino olengezera za matenda a m'deralo ndi kugwirizanitsa mabungwe a boma ndi boma, ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti asakaze zandale kuti zisachedwe kupulumutsa moyo.

Njira: Kuzoloŵera Zinthu Zoyambitsa Mavuto

Tsogolo la kulamulira kwa malowo m’thanzi la anthu liyenera kuyang’anizana ndi mavuto atsopano ndi owonjezera: kusintha kwa nyengo, kukanidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo, vuto la maganizo pakati pa achichepere, ndi kusalongosoka kosalekeza koperekedwa ndi mliriwo. maboma a m’malowo ali patsogolo pa ziwopsezo zimenezi ndipo adzafunikira kusintha mosalekeza.

Kusintha kwa nyengo kumadzetsa kusefukira kwa madzi, kutentha, ndi matenda a tizilombo. Madipatimenti a zaumoyo a m’malowo ayenera kugwirizanitsa nyengo ndi mbali iliyonse ya ntchito yawo . Kuchotsapo kuyang'anira kutentha kwa dziko ndi kutsimikizira kuti tsokalo likuteteza anthu amene ali ndi mavuto osatha. Mwachitsanzo, mizinda ya m’mphepete mwa nyanja, ili kale maofesala opirira matenda amene amagwira ntchito m’malo a zangozi, ndi m'madipatimenti a malo okhala.

Umoyo umafunika kuyang'ana mwadala pa zinthu zimene zimayambitsa mavuto. Maboma a m’madera ambiri angatsatire “kuchiritsidwa kwa malamulo onse ., kufunikila lamulo lofunikila(kukhudza kayendedwe, nyumba, kapena maphunziro). Matauni ena, monga Baltimore, akhazikitsa ndalama za thanzi zoyendetsera ndalama za msonkho ku madera osiyanasiyana a m'mbiri.

Zipangizo zamakono zipitiriza kuthandiza anthu kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Telehealth, kuyang'anira kutali, ndi ma apps zingathandize kuti madipatimenti a zaumoyo akwanuko afike ku nyumba ndi kuntchito. Koma zipangizo zimenezi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanzeru kuti zisamapangitse kugawikana kwa manambala, makamaka kwa anthu achikulire ndi mabanja ochepa opeza. Maboma a m'dzikolo ayenera kugwirizana ndi malaibulale, malo osungirako anthu, ndi masukulu kuti aphunzitse anthu kulemba ndi kulemba ndi kulemba ndi kulemba pa Intaneti.

Kumaliza

Kulamulira kwa malowo sikuli kokha mpambo woyenerera wa maulamuliro . Ndiwo injini imene imayendetsa miyezo ya umoyo wa anthu, makamaka m'nthaŵi za mavuto ndi chisamaliro chanthaŵi zonse mofanana. Mliriwu unatiphunzitsa kuti njira zaumoyo za anthu ndizo zimene zimagwira ntchito kwambiri kwa anthu, zimene zimawakhudza kwambiri, ndipo zimawavuta kuzoloŵera mikhalidwe ya kumaloko. Komabe injini imeneyi kaŵirikaŵiri imachepa mphamvu ndi kunyalanyazidwa.

Kuti tisunge ndi kuwongolera miyezo ya umoyo wa anthu, tiyenera kuikiza m'madipatimenti a zaumoyo akumaloko, kutetezera kudzilamulira kwawo, kuwakonzekeretsa ndi zipangizo zamakono zodziŵira zinthu, ndi kuwagwetsera kwambiri m'madera amene amatumikira. Thanzi la mitundu limadalira pa mphamvu ya madera awo. Pamene ulamuliro wa kumaloko ulephera, thanzi la anthu lilephera; pamene lichuluka, anthu onse akuchuluka. Nthaŵi yotsatirapo kuwopseza kwa thanzi kumabuka / kaya kachirombo katsopano, kutentha, kapena mliri wa kuthedwa kwa kusoŵa kwa chiyembekezocho kudzayesedwa choyamba ndi kwakukulukulu ndi mmene maboma akufunira kuyang'anizana nako.