Kufunika kwa Chiŵerengero Cholondola ndi Chosadziŵika

Chiŵerengero cha anthu chapanthaŵiyo si kuŵerengera kochepa chabe; ndi maziko a kugaŵira ndalama zoposa $1.5 biliyoni za boma chaka chilichonse kwa mayiko ndi anthu a m’madera ena. Ndalama zimenezi zimathandiza masukulu, zipatala, misewu, mautumiki a zamwadzidzidzi, ndi maprogramu monga Medicaid ndi SNAP. Kuŵerengera kochititsidwa ndi kulephera kwa zinenero kumatanthauza kuti anthu akuphonya ziŵitso zawo zazikulu za chuma ndi za ndale zadziko. Malinga ndi U.S. Aunicarea, pafupifupi 8% a U.S. Atsikanionthi a zaka 5 ndi (kuposa anthu 25 miliyoni) amaonedwa kukhala ndi ufulu wa Angelezi (L) wochepa kwambiri. Anthu ameneŵa kaŵirikaŵiri amayang'anizana ndi mavuto aakulu poyesa kutenga nawo mbali m'kapeto, kuchititsa anthu osamukira m'dziko ndi m'malo a ku madera a ku Chingelezi. Kugonjetsa ntchito imeneyi sikuli koyenera kuyenera kuyang'anira ntchito yachiŵero ndi ufulu wa anthu.

M'mbiri, kuŵerengera anthu kwavuta kuŵerengera anthu a mtundu wa LEP. Mwachitsanzo, 2020 Census inaona kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mabanja a Chingelezi ndi amene Chingelezi sichinali chinenero chachikulu. Kufufuza kuchokera ku Urban Institute kunapeza kuti mapepala okhala ndi anthu ambiri a m'gulu la LEP anali ndi mlingo wapamwamba wa munthu mwini kufika pa 10 peresenti kuposa mmene amachitira ndi anthu a dzikolo. Kusiyana kumeneku kumayambukira mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa chidziŵitso cha anthu ndiponso kugawidwa kwa madola zikwi zambiri. Kuphatikizanso kuwonjezera pa kuchepetsa malire a chinenero kungathandize kutsegulira mpata umenewu, kutsimikizira kuti munthu aliyense amaŵerengedwa, mosasamala kanthu za zinenero zimene amalankhula panyumba.

Kufunika kwa Kufika kwa Anthu Oŵerengeka

Kukulitsa Chikhulupiriro mwa Kutsatira Zikhalidwe

Kuphatikizapo kumasulira mafomu, kumakulitsa chidaliro. Anthu ambiri osamukira m’dziko ndi a LEP ali ndi nkhaŵa zazikulu ponena za kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso cha boma, kuphatikizapo mantha a kusungitsa anthu kusamuka, zachinsinsi, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndandanda ya makompyuta. 2020 Census inaona ndawala zofalikira zochotsa chidziŵitso zosonkhezera mantha ameneŵa, makamaka m'manyuzipepala a zinenero za ku Spain. Pamene kupambana kuchitidwa mwaluso lachikhalidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito amithenga odalirika ndi mabungwe a anthu, imasonyeza kuti boma limalemekeza ndi kuŵerengera madera ameneŵa. Kukhulupirirako kumatembenuzira mwachindunji ku milingo yapamwamba ya anthu otengamo mbali.

Zofunika za Malamulo ndi Chilangizo

Malamulo a Federal pansi pa mutu VI wa Chikalata cha Chisungiko cha 1964 amafuna kuti olandira a boma atenge njira zoyenerera zoperekera anthu a LEP. Bungwe la Census Bureau lili ndi njira yomasulira Language Access Plan yomwe imalamula kuti ziwiya zofunika kwambiri zikhale m’zinenero zambiri. Maboma ndi maboma amene amachititsa kuti anthu awerengedwe ali ndi udindo wotsimikizira kuti atha kulankhula zinenero zambiri. Kulephera kupereka kusawononga kokha mkhalidwe wa zinthu komanso kungavumbulenso malamulo oika pangozi. Mwa kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero monga chinthu chofunika kwambiri, anthu angapeŵe kuwerenga pamene akupititsa patsogolo kalembera kaundula anthu.

Kuŵerengera Mtengo

Ziyambukiro za kulephera kwa chinenero nzokulira. Kwa munthu aliyense, chitaganya chimataya pafupifupi $2,500 pachaka m'kuchirikiza boma pa zaka khumi zotsatira. M’tauni yokhala ndi anthu 10,000 a LEP amene amaŵerengedwa ndi 20%, zimene zimatembenuza kutayikiridwa kwa $50 miliyoni pachaka — $50 miliyoni kuposa zaka khumi. Kuwonjezera apo, kuŵerengera kumasokoneza kugaŵana ndi kuchepetsa, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya ndale zadziko ya anthu omwe amafunikira mawu amphamvu koposa. Chotero kuphatikizapo kugula ndi kugulitsa ndalama kuŵiri kwa mafilimu oyenerera ndi a democracy.

Zida Zothandiza Kugonjetsa Zopinga za Chinenero

Bungwe la Census Bureau limapereka chuma chambiri cha zinenero zosiyanasiyana, koma anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti pali zinenero zimenezi kapena akufunika thandizo.

Zinthu Zoŵerengera M’zinenero Zambiri

Census Bureau imatembenuza mafunso ndi ziŵiya zopitira mafunso m'zinenero 59 za kuŵerengera anthu kwa zaka. Zomwe za American Community Survey (ACS), ziŵiya, Chikoreya, Chirasha, Chirasha, Chirabhi, Chirasha, Chipolishi, Chifalansa, Chipwitikizi, ndi Chijapanizi. [FLT: 0] . Zimada za magetsi modziyanizo [[[FLT:] [FLT] [ka], Bureauau mapereka zitsogozo, makadi, makhadi ofufuzira, ndi mavidiyo olangiza m’zinenero zambiri. Mabungwe a . Zidaleshato za Creauat . Zimatsutsa kugwiritsira ntchito mabaibulo a boma m'mabaibulo amenewa m’malo opanga makope, ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito makope.

Komanso, njira zamakono zodzionera zokha zingathandize ogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti kumaliza kuŵerenga anthu pa Intaneti m’zinenero 13 (kuphatikizapo Chisipanishi, Chitchaina, Chivietnamu, Chirabiya, Chirabiya, Chipolishi, Chifalansa, Chicreole, Chipwitikizi, Chijapanizi ndi Chingelezi). Mkati mwa 2020 Census, chipangizo cha pa Intaneti chinaperekanso “kadi yodziwitsa zinenero” imene inathandiza olemba mabuku kudziwa chinenero chimene anthu akuchikonda ndi kuwagwirizanitsa ndi womasulira. Zida zimenezi ziyenera kupititsa patsogolo kwambiri m'madera a LEP kudzera m'makampani otsatsatsa malonda, makompyuta, ndi mawebusaiti a za anthu, ndi mawebusaiti.

Maulendo a Anthu

Palibe bungwe la boma limodzi limene lingafikire zinenero zonse lokha. Kufikira kogwira mtima kumafuna kugwirizana kwambiri ndi magulu amene ali ndi chidaliro kwa anthu a LEP. Antchito ameneŵa amaphatikizapo magulu a mafuko ozikidwa pa chitaganya, magulu odalirana, malaibulale, zipatala zaumoyo, Chingelezi monga Second Language (ESL), maprogramu a kusamuka kwa magulu a anthu olankhula, ndi zigawo zamalonda. Kupyola 2020 Census, U.S.Clauaues Bureaust ya mgwirizano wa anthu ogwirizana ndi mabungwe oposa 3000,000, koma maboma a kumaloko ayeneranso kuphatikiza mayanjano ofanana.

Malamulo opindulitsa kwambiri a kugwirizana: Mabungwe a mnzawo amene ali ndi ziŵiya za zinenero zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimaphatikizapo mfundo zolankhulana, ndege, zithunzi za mayanjano a anthu, ndi QR zopitira pa Intaneti za makompyuta a zinenero zambiri. Kupereka ndalama zochepa kapena zothandizira ku mabungwe ogwirizana ndi anthu amene amayendetsa — antchito awo ndi antchito odzifunira kaŵirikaŵiri ali amithenga ogwira mtima kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mzinda wa San Francisco “Country Committee". Komiti ya . Yogwirizana ya chitaganya yoposa 40 yotsogolera khomo - mpaka kutuluka kwa Chitchaina, Tagaloglog, Chispani, ndi Vietnam. Mayanjanowawawawawawawa akuposa chiŵerengero cha mzindawo.

Livergage Makomiti Oŵerengera monga nyumba yalamulo yogwirizanitsira, kutsimikizira kuti oimira ochokera ku madera a LEP ali ndi mpando pate.

Chithandizo cha Chinenero Chimatentha

Census Bureau imagwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo chodzipereka kuthandizira kutentha kwa zinenero panthaŵi yosonkhanitsa zinthu. Kwa 2020 Census, mizinda yotentha (18409-712) inathandiza m'zinenero 59, ndi omasulira adakalipo omwe akufunika. Maboma a m'dziko angawonjezere zimenezi mwa kukhazikitsa njira zawo zoyendera zinenero kapena mwa kuphunzitsa antchito kuti apereke mauthenga ku kampani yotentha ya Bureau. M'chaka cha 2020 Censues, mizinda yambiri yogwirizana ndi ntchito yomasulira zinenero monga Language Licessors kuti apereke matanthauzo enieni a zinenero pa zochitika za madera ndi malo ofunsirako mafunso.

Malo otentha ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa anthu amene sakonda kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti kapena amene akufunika thandizo. Muzigwiritsa ntchito manambala a manambala otentha pa zinthu zonse zosindikizidwa, potsatsa malonda a mitundu yonse, ndiponso potsatsa malonda a m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Kufalikira kwa Mabuku ndi Mafuko

Mawailesi a mitundu yonse — kuphatikizapo mawailesi, manyuzipepala, mawailesi, ma TV, ndi malo a makompyuta amene amatumikira zinenero zina — ndizo njira zamphamvu zolembera anthu. Mkati mwa 2020 Censues , Bureau yopereka malonda m'wailesi yakanema ndi wailesi ya Spanya, koma maboma a m'dziko angakulitse zimenezi mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mawailesi a mafuko aang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, nyuzipepala ya Chitchaina ya zinenero ku New York City inalemba nkhani za sabata lofotokoza za kuŵerenga anthu; siteshoni ya wailesi ya ku Vietnam yomwe ili ndi mapulogalamu a wailesi a wailesi a Spanish ndi akatswiri a kalembera kaundula.

Kutsatsa malonda kwa vidiyo m'zinenero zambirinso n’kofunika. Facebook, Istagram, ndi Google Ads amalola kutsata chilankhulo ndi malo. Gwiritsirani mapulatifomu ameneŵa kutsatsa malonda achidule a vidiyo osonyeza atsogoleri a chitaganya akumaliza kubala m'chinenero chawo. Mauthenga onse a malonda ayenera kugwirizana ndi tsamba lakutsika ndi mawu achidule ndi mawu omveka bwino osonyeza ntchito.

Mfundo Zothandiza Kuti Muzilankhulana Bwino

Gwiritsirani Ntchito Chinenero Chosavuta

Ngakhale pamene zolembazo zatembenuzidwa, mawuwo angakhale ovuta kwambiri kwa munthu amene satha kulemba bwino m’chinenero chake. Gwiritsirani ntchito mfundo za chinenero chosavuta: mawu afupi, mawu ogwira ntchito, mawu ofala. Pewani chigonkho, mafinsi, ndi mawu ophiphiritsira. The Census Bureaution’s Mawu a Language Directors [1] Nkhoswe zabwino kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, m’malo monena kuti “Mayankhidwe anu amasungidwa pansi pa mutu 13 wa U.S. Code, , , , imati “Mayankhidwe anu ndi achinsinsi mwa lamulo — sitingagaŵane ndi aliyense. Kutembenuza kwa anthu ochokera kwa anthu olankhula kuti atsimikizire.

Zothandizira Kuona ndi Zojambula

Kulankhulana kwapatalipatali kumathandiza kuti anthu azitha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zithunzi, zithunzi, ndi zithunzi zina zolembedwa, komanso zithunzi zosonyeza kuti anthu ayamba kuwerenga, kuwerenga, kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zosonyeza mmene angafunsire, mafunso amene amafunsidwa, ndiponso phindu la kuyankha. Pewani zinthu zolakwika zimene zingakhale zosayenera. M'chaka cha 2020 Censues, Bureau , Bureau inapanga mpambo wa 13 wa zithunzi za m’zinenero zambiri zimene zimagwira ntchito yojambula zithunzi zosavuta (m.g., mwana wa ku ofesi ya dokotala, banja lodyera pamodzi) kuti aperekere mapindu a kalembera. Mabungwe akwawo angapangenso zithunzi zojambula anthu.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukuona kuti zinthu zachitika mwadongosolo, ganizirani za ndandanda ya zinthu zimene anthu odziwa foni kapena antchito ongodzipereka angaloze pofotokoza zimene zikuchitika.

Sitima Yonyamula Anthu ndi Yongodzipereka

Antchito onse ophatikizidwa m'kuŵerengera anthu — kaya antchito a boma, antchito anzake, kapena mapulogalamu a kanthaŵi kochepa — ayenera kuphunzitsidwa kugwira ntchito ndi anthu a mtundu wa LeP. Nkhani zophunzitsa ziyenera kuphatikizapo: mmene mungapezere mautumiki omasulira, mmene mungadziŵire chinenero chimene simumalankhula (mwa kugwiritsira ntchito “ndimalankhula makhadi” kapena pepala lodziŵira chinenero), kudzichepetsa kwa chikhalidwe, ndi njira zomangira. Bungwe la CVENTIA limapereka ma Resources Hub Mabungwe a , koma mabungwe akuno ayenera kuwonjezera mapulogalamu ophunzitsa zinenero zimenezi.

Luso: kugwiritsira ntchito “chinenero [1] — ogwira ntchito ayenera kudziŵa mmene angayambire foni ya njira zitatu ndi womasulira. Ganizirani ntchitoyi pamene mukuphunzitsidwa. Ndiponso antchito apa sitima kuti mupeŵe kupanga malingaliro: musaganize kuti munthu amene akuona njira inayake yolankhula chinenero, ndipo musaganize kuti munthu wa LEP sangathe kuŵerenga Chingelezi. Nthaŵi zonse funsani kuti, “Kodi ndi chinenero chiti chimene mumakonda kaamba ka chidziŵitso chofunika chimenechi?"

Khalani Aulemu ndi Oleza Mtima

Kugwira ntchito m'zinenero ndi chikhalidwe chonse kumafuna kuleza mtima, kukambitsirana mwaulemu. Zindikirani kuti anthu ena a LEP angakhale atakumana ndi zokumana nazo zoipa ndi akuluakulu aboma m’maiko awo. Mangani chidaliro mwa kumvetsera, kulankhula pang’onopang’ono, ndi kugwiritsira ntchito maina aulemu. Musafulumire kapena kulankhula ndi winawake. Ngati womasulira wagwiritsidwa ntchito, fotokozani mafunso kwa munthu (osati womasulira) ndi kulola nthaŵi yowonjezereka kuti afotokozere. Ndiponso lingalirani kuti miyambo ina ingakhale ndi miyezo yosiyana pa zinthu zachinsinsi kapena kugaŵana chidziŵitso — tsutsani chifukwa chake funso lirilonse likufunsidwa.

Kwa khomo ndi khomo, bungwe la Census Bureau tsopano limapereka ndandanda ya mapepala amene ali ndi khadi lodziŵikitsa chinenero. Oongoza angapereke tableteyo kwa munthu woyankha, amene amajambula chinenero chawo, ndipo kenaka chipangizocho chimasonyeza malangizo m’chinenerocho. Zimenezi zimachepetsa kugwiritsidwa mwala ndi kufulumiza njira. Ngati mugwiritsira ntchito mapepala, lingalirani njira yofanana ndi khadi la chilankhulo.

Kulimbikitsa Kukhala ndi Mbali m’Midzi Yachibadwidwe

Kusintha Mabuku a Zinenero za M’dziko Lathu

Mauthenga amtundu wa Chingelezi sagwirizana ndi anthu a m'Chicheŵa. Kufikira kwaumwini — monga ngati makalata a chinenero chokondedwa ndi banja, kuŵerengera foni kuchokera kwa antchito odzifunira a zinenero ziŵiri, kapena mauthenga a foni ogwirizana ndi makompyuta a pa Intaneti m’chinenero cholondola — kungawonjezere kwambiri kuyankha. Mkati mwa 2020 Censues , “Lunity Card Language Comment Comment gatection , gawo lokhala ndi ma franors lilola frames kuganizo la chinenero chapanyumba ndiyeno kupereka mafunso ngati kuli kofunika. Makomiti onse a kumalowo ayenera kumanga mathero a zinthu zopempha m'chinenero chosakhala Chingelezi ndi kutsatira motsatira.

Zochitika za M’derali ndi Malo Othandizira Anthu Ofunsa Mafunso

Kuchititsa kalembera m'malo odalirika monga malo olambirira, masukulu, ndi zipatala, kumachititsa kuti anthu athe kugwiritsa ntchito. Zochitika zimenezi ziyenera kuchitika pa kumasulira kwa makompyuta, makompyuta kapena mapale ogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti, ndi antchito a zinenero ziwiri kapena antchito odzifunira kuti athandize anthu pa pulogalamu imeneyi. M’mizinda yambiri, “Census Fairs” anaphatikiza chakudya, nyimbo, ndi makompyuta athanzi osonyeza kuti anthu athe kuwerenga, ndipo zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti mabanja akopeke.

Census Bureau imayendetsanso Questionnaire Importation Centers (QACs) m'madera osoŵa kwambiri. Maboma a m'maderawa angawonjezere zimenezi mwa kukonza magalimoto otchedwa QAC — magalimoto okhala ndi matable ndi mahops otentha ndi antchito a pa Intaneti ndi zinenero ziŵiri — amene akupita ku nyumba zokhalamo nyumba, malo a kalasi ya ESL, ndi malo aakulu. M'ma 2020 Censureation, Harris County (Houston) Logadapo zokhala ndi malo ozungulira ndi malensi a LEP, zomwe zachititsa kuti anthu adziwonjezeke kwambiri.

Zoyesayesa za Pakhomo ndi Pantchito ndi Zounikira

Kutsatira zinenero zambiri . Komabe, maboma a m'maderawo angathandize mwa kulembetsa ndi kuphunzitsa anthu a zinenero ziŵiri, ntchito yoyendera anthu a ku NRFU isanayambe. Kupereka ndalama, maola osinthasintha, ndi chikhalidwe kuti apereke mameno osiyanasiyana ku madera amene kuli zinenero zambiri. M'chaka cha 2020 Censues, mizinda ina inathamanga “makampu otsekera otsegulira zinenero zoyamba [1] makamaka kwa ophunzira zinenero zambiri, kukonza bwino kwambiri mmene angayendetsere oletsa kulankhula popanda kudalira pa kumasulira kwa banja.

Amithenga Odalirika

Mawu ogwira mtima kwambiri m'mudzi uliwonse ndi munthu amene amamukhulupirira kale: mbusa, mtsogoleri wa chitaganya, wosamalira zaumoyo, mphunzitsi, kapena mnansi. Tsukani amithenga ameneŵa ndi zilembo zosavuta ndi zipangizo m’chinenero cha anthu. Alimbikitseni kuti agwirizane ndi zimene akudziŵa kuti alembe. Pamene mtsogoleri wolemekezeka akunena kuti, “Ndinaidzaza, ndipo inali yotetezeka, ndi yosavuta,” kuti uthenga umakhala wofunika kwambiri kuposa boma lililonse.

Kumaliza: Njira Yopezera Chibwenzi Chokwanira

Kugonjetsa zopinga za zinenero m'kuŵerenga si ntchito imodzi yokha — imafunikira kudzipereka kwanthaŵi yaitali, kugwirizana, ndi luso lakulinganiza zinthu. Koma phindu lake nlochuluka: mfundo zolondola, kugaŵira thumba la ndalama, kuimira kolimba, ndi chidaliro chachikulu pakati pa boma ndi anthu amene akutumikira. M’mudzi uliwonse muli zipangizo zothandizira kuti anthu onse apeze kalembera, mosasamala kanthu za chinenero. Mwakuika ndalama m'zopangapanga za zinenero, kumanga mayanjano ndi mabungwe odalirika, ophunzitsa, ndi kudalirana kwa chikhalidwe, tingatsimikizire kuti munthu aliyense aŵerengedwe — m’chinenero chilichonse.

Maboma akwanuko, mabungwe a chitaganya, ndi ochirikiza ayenera kuyamba tsopano kukonzekera kaamba ka kayendedwe ka kuŵerenga kotsatira. Gwiritsirani ntchito [[FLT: 0] Kachipangizo ka chinenero cha Bureau , , [FLT] P.gov porject kaamba ka kugonjera kwa zinenero, ndi [FLT: 4.] Count Committen Officet Comment kumanga njira yodziwirira. Pamene chinenero sichilinso chopinga, kalembera kamakhaladi chida chofunika kwambiri kuti timvetsere madera athu ndi ziŵiro zathu zonse — chiŵiro chimene chimagwira ntchito kwa aliyense.