Kuzembetsa anthu kudakali chimodzi cha zikalata zopotoza ufulu wa anthu, zimene zimakhudza anthu zikwi makumi ambiri ku United States chaka chilichonse. Pamene kuli kwakuti mabungwe a boma monga Dipatimenti ya Chilungamo ndi Homeland Security Investigations amachita mbali yaikulu pa milandu yapamwamba ya pabwalo, mabungwe a boma osungitsa malamulo ndiwo maziko a malamulo oletsa kulanda ufulu wa anthu. Nthaŵi zambiri iwo ndiwo oyamba kukumana ndi anthu ovulazidwa pa magalimoto, panthaŵi ya kuyendera, kapena kudzera m'malipiro a nzika zokhudzidwa ndi boma. Ntchito ya boma ndi apolisi, sheriffric, ndi magulu apadera amatsutsa ndi kuchotsa njira zozembera zamalonda, opulumutsa opulumuka, ndi oyendetsa malonda oŵerengera mlandu pansi pa malamulo. Nkhaniyi imapereka kupenda kodalirika kwa boma kwa malamulo oletsa kugulitsa malamulo, njira za malamulo, kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito ntchito ntchito ntchito ntchito zalamulo, ndi zothetsa ntchito ntchito zalamulo, m'nkhani za ntchito.

Ntchito ya Lamulo la Boma

Mabungwe osungitsa malamulo a boma amagwira ntchito monga njira yoyambirira yolimbana ndi kugulitsa anthu. Chifukwa chakuti malonda kaŵirikaŵiri amachitikira poyera . "in motel, fakitale, fakitale, mafakitale, ndi nyumba zaumwini . Maofesala a boma ndi a boma amaikidwa mwapadera kuti adziŵe ndi kulabadira. M'mayiko ambiri, mabungwe ameneŵa ayambitsa magulu opatulidwa kapena mphamvu zophunzitsidwa mwachindunji kuzindikira zizindikiro za ntchito ndi malonda a kugonana. Ntchito yawo imayamba ndi kudziŵikitsa anthu otsa malonda, kutsatiridwa ndi kufufuza, kupulumutsa anthu ovulala, ndi kugwirizana ndi oimira ndi mautumiki.

Woyamba Kulabadira Mathayo

Pamene chiitano chifika ponena za mkhalidwe wokayikitsa . Wachikulire wamng'ono akutsagana ndi wachikulire pa malo oima a galimoto, kapena antchito okhala m'mikhalidwe yodzaza anthu kumbuyo kwa lesitilanti . Oyendetsa asilikali kapena akuluakulu a boma ndiwo oyamba kufika. Kupenda kwawo koyamba ndi kugwirizana kwawo kungapange kapena kuthetsa mlandu wa kugulitsa. Mabungwe ambiri tsopano amalamulira njira zofunsira ovutika maganizo kuti apeŵe otsala ogwidwa ndi matenda pamene akusonkhanitsa umboni wofunika kwambiri. Maprogramu ophunzitsa kuti kaŵirikaŵiri ogulitsa zinthu amalamulira mikhole ya anthu mwa kukakamiza, chinyengo, kapena kukakamiza, ndi kuti anthu angazengeredwe kudzipha chifukwa cha mantha, manyazi, kapena kusakhulupirira lamulo. Monga chotulukapo, oyamba kuyankha akuphunzitsidwa kuyang’ana kaamba ka zizindikiro za kusoŵa zikalata zodziŵira, kuyenda kwa kagulu koletsedwa, zizindikiro kochitidwa ndi kupotoza, kapena kuyankha kwa kuthamangitsa.

Kufufuza

Mabungwe osungitsa malamulo a boma amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zopimira kugulitsa. Mabungwe ofufuza apafupi ndi ogulitsa za kugonana pa Intaneti, kumene akuluakulu a boma amagula kapena kugulitsa zinthu pa webusaiti ndi pa Intaneti. Makampani amathandiza mapu a makampani a malonda. Zida zambiri zogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za mafoni za makompyuta, makompyuta, ndi marekodi a zachuma. Mwachitsanzo, ofufuza amapenda malo ochezera, mauthenga, ndi kulipira mapulogalamu kuti atulule maubwenzi pakati pa anthu ogulitsa ndi oberedwa, kapena kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kuchokera ku malonda oletsedwa. Zidaleshoni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusiyanitsa makompyuta monga mabuku a mahotela m'mizinda yambiri kapena kutsatsa malonda osiyanasiyana.

Njira ina yofufuzira ndiyo kufufuza ndalama. Mwa kutsatira ndalama, mabungwe a boma angasokoneze malonda a malonda pamaziko awo a zachuma. Malamulo oikidwiratu amalola mabungwe kulanda galimoto, maakaunti a mabanki, ndi katundu wopezedwa mwa kugulitsa, kumanidwa apandu mapindu awo ndi kusungitsa ndalama. Maboma ena apanga magulu aupandu a zandalama amene amagwira ntchito pamodzi ndi apolisi ozembera malonda mwa kutsata malonda mwa makhadi a babit, ma steccourrective , ndi makampani opanga ndalama zowonjezera ntchito.

Chichirikizo ndi Chipulumutso Chochitiridwa

Kubwezera anthu ovutika ndi cholinga chachikulu cha kufufuza kulikonse kochitidwa mwachinyengo. Mabungwe osungitsa malamulo a boma amagwirizanitsa kwambiri ndi othandizira anthu ovutika kuti atsimikizire kuti opulumuka alandira malo ogona, chisamaliro cha zachipatala, kusungidwa mwalamulo, ndi kuyang'anira milandu. M'mayiko ambiri, apolisi amaphunzitsidwa kutsatira njira yopitira kwa anthu ovutika, kutanthauza kuti chitetezo ndi kukhala bwino kwa wopulumukayo ziyamba kukhala zofunika kwambiri kuposa zoikiziridwa. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mautumiki omasulira chinenero, kulinganiza nyumba zamwaŵi, ndi otsala ndi chichirikizo chanthaŵi yaitali, monga ngati kupereka uphungu ndi maphunziro a ntchito.

Mabungwe ena a boma apanga malamulo apadera kwa anthu opulumutsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, ku Texas, Dipatimenti ya Safety ikuyang'anira bungwe la Human Trafficing Unit lomwe limagwira ntchito ndi Bwanamkubwa ndi Ofesi ya Attorney kuti ayang'anire ntchito zopulumutsa ndi mautumiki a pambuyo pa ofesi. Mofananamo, ku Florida, gulu lankhondo la boma limaphatikizapo wogwirizanitsa ntchito wa anthu ovutika amene amaonetsetsa kuti wopulumuka aliyense wapatsidwa chuma. Masitepe ameneŵa amavomereza kuti ogulitsa zinthu zamalonda kaŵirikaŵiri amayang'anizana ndi mavuto ovuta kwambiri [1] Kuvulala kwa thupi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ndi kuyendetsa zinthu zachinsinsi, ndi kuyankha kwalamulo kufunikira kuyankha kwa anthu ambiri.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Malamulo Ndiponso Kukakamiza Ena

Kuletsa kugulitsa anthu sikumachitika pa malo amodzi; kumapangidwa ndi malamulo amene amalongosola upandu ndi kuwapatsa chilango. Kuyambira kuma 2000, boma lililonse lakhazikitsa malamulo aupandu amene mwachindunji amatchula za kuzembetsa anthu, kudalira pa malamulo a boma monga ngati Traffing Confissing Confits Protection Act. Malamulo ameneŵa kaŵirikaŵiri amapereka zida zina kwa ozembetsa milandu, kuphatikizapo chilango chowonjezereka cha kugulitsa ana, kukhoza kutsutsa zigamulo za ophedwawo m’ntchito zaupandu, ndi makonzedwe a kubwezera ndi kutaya katundu.

Malamulo Otsutsa Boma

Malamulo a boma oletsa kugulitsana amasiyana, koma amagaŵana mbali zofanana. Ambiri amamasulira kugulitsa anthu monga kulembetsa, kusunga, zoyendera, makonzedwe, kapena kupeza munthu wokakamiza kugwira ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito umbava, kapena kukakamiza. Ana aang'ono, kukakamiza sikumafunidwa m'nkhani za kugonana; ntchito iliyonse yamalonda yokhudzana ndi mwana imalingaliridwa kukhala malonda. Mayiko ambiri alinso ndi malamulo ophwanya lamulo la kugula kugonana kwa anthu ozengedwa malonda, kupatsa mlandu mwalamulo. Mayiko ena, monga California ndi New York, apita patsogolo mwa kukhazikitsa malamulo amene amafuna kuti mabizinesi awo athetse ntchito zawo zamalonda kugulitsa ndalama zawo, ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito za anthu opulumuka.

Malamulo a boma amapanganso njira zothandizira opulumuka. Mwachitsanzo, maboma ambiri apereka “doko lachisungiko” malamulo amene amasamalira ana odyeredwa masuku pamutu mwa kuwalanda monga mikhole mmalo mwa opalamula, kuwatsogolera ku ubwino wa ana ndi mautumiki otetezera mmalo mwa dongosolo la zachiweruzo cha achichepere. Maboma ena ali ndi malamulo amene amalola opulumuka kuchotsa kapena kuchotsa zolembedwa zaupandu zopanda chiwawa zimene zinachitidwa monga chotulukapo chachindunji cha kumenyedwa, zonga ngati zikhulupiriro za uhule. Masinthidwe alamulo ameneŵa ngofunika kuthandiza opulumuka kupita patsogolo popanda kunyozedwa ndi mbiri yaupandu.

Mavuto Amene Analipo Pomutsutsa

Ngakhale kuti malamulo okhwima, kuyesa kuzenga milandu ya anthu pamlingo wa boma kumakhala kovuta. Mabungwe ogulitsa malonda amabisa dala, kaŵirikaŵiri amagwira ntchito m’madera osiyanasiyana ndi m'malo a boma kuti apeŵe kupezeka. Anthu ovutika kaŵirikaŵiri amaopa kugwirizana ndi apolisi chifukwa choopa kubwezera kwa ozembetsa, kusakhulupirira dongosolo la milandu ya apandu, kapena kuchititsa kusokonezeka maganizo. Ziletso za zinenero, ndi malo a kusamukira kudziko zimavutanso kufufuza kodabwitsa; anthu oberedwawo angaopepe kuchotsedwa ngakhale pamene ali ndi ufulu wa kusamutsira anthu pansi pa lamulo la boma, monga T kapena U visa.

Vuto lina ndilo mtundu wa kugulitsa ndalama za ku kampani. Nkhani imodzi ingafunikire kuyang'aniridwa kwa miyezi yambiri, kufunsa umboni kwambiri, ndi kusanthula matelefoni a maumboni a manambala. Mabungwe ambiri amayang'anizana ndi kulephera kwa bajeti zimene zimachepetsa chiŵerengero cha ozembetsa ogaŵiridwa ku magulu a malonda. Ndiponso, chifukwa chakuti kaŵirikaŵiri kugulitsa kumaloŵa m'maupandu ena monga kugulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kugulitsa ndalama, ndi ntchito za gulu zingafalikire pa zinthu zofunika zopikisana.

Oweruza amalimbananso ndi zopinga zooneka. Ogulitsa galimoto kaŵirikaŵiri amasunga ulamuliro wokhwima kwa anthu mwa njira zosakhala zathupi, zonga kupotoza maganizo ndi kumangidwa ndi ngongole, zimene zingakhale zovuta kutsimikizira m’khoti kuposa mphamvu yakuthupi. Ajaria angakhale osazoloŵerana ndi mphamvu zosinthasintha za malonda, kufunikira ozenga mlandu kuthera nthaŵi yaikulu mu umboni waukatswiri ndi kukonzekera kwa anthu ovutika. Komabe, malamulo amene amalola umboni wa kugulitsa malonda, kapena kuchotsako katundu wa umboni, athandiza kusungitsa zikhulupiriro.

Kuphunzira Zinthu ndi Kusamukira Kumalo Ena

Pozindikira mavuto ameneŵa, mabungwe ambiri a boma akhazikitsa maphunziro ndi mabungwe apadera. Malo a Homeland Security Campaign [[FLT 1:1] amapereka maphunziro ndi zinthu zaulere pa Intaneti zimene boma ndi mabungwe a m'dziko atengera. Kuwonjezera apo, mabungwe onga Polaris [1] Platris amapereka chidziŵitso ndi chithandizo chaluso kuti apeze ndi kuyankha. Mayiko ambiri amasunga maphunziro awo omwe amathandiza apolisi monga ozembetsa malonda a anthu. Mwachitsanzo, boma la Georgia Patrol limafuna kuti onse apeze njira zokwanira zodziŵira ndi kulabadira malonda a anthu, pamene bungwe la California pa Komiti ya mtendere ndi ku programmetiesme (STST) lakufalitsa nkhani zambiri za milandu, ndi kukambirana kwa milandu yokhudzana ndi kukambirana kwa milandu ya malamulo.

Kugaŵiridwa kwa chuma sikunakhaleko. Magawo a kumidzi kaŵirikaŵiri alibe bajeti yoperekera ofisala anthaŵi zonse ku ntchito yolimbana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, mmalo modalira pa magulu a ntchito a m'chigawo ochirikizidwa ndi boma. Ofesi ya Mitembo ya Crime (OVC) ndi Bureau of Justice Ampdate (BJA) imapatsa chilolezo chakuti mabungwe a boma apereke antchito antchito, zipangizo zogulira zinthu, ndi ntchito zoyendetsera ntchito. Ndalama zochirikizidwa zimafuna kuchirikiza zoyesayesa za ntchito za ntchito, makamaka monga ogulitsa azoloŵera njira zatsopano zosungitsa lamulo.

Kugwirizana ndi Kugwirizana kwa Anthu

Mabungwe a boma ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira anthu kuti apeze njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera vutoli.

Mphamvu Zogwira Ntchito ndi Kugwirizana Kosiyanasiyana

Maboma ambiri akhazikitsa magulu a anthu ozembetsa amene amaphatikizapo oimira apolisi a boma, a chigawo, maloya a chigawo, mabungwe a boma (monga FBI ndi HSI ), ndi mabungwe osakhala a boma . Magulu ameneŵa amakumana nthaŵi zonse kuti agaŵane nzeru, kufufuza kogwirizana, ndi kugwirizanitsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, Sudington State Human Traffing Force Force Force[ imasonkhanitsa pamodzi mabungwe ndi mabungwe a antchito anzawo 40, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothandizira anthu ovutika ndi othawachirikiza. Asilikali amathandizanso monga pulogalamu ya mwamsanga ndi yopereka mayeso, monga othaŵa anthu othaŵa, othaŵa ntchito alimi, ndi osoŵa osoŵa pokhala ndi anthu osoŵa pokhala m’dziko.

A bungwe la boma loyang'anira malamulo aunyinji limayendera chigawo cha boma. Pamene kuli kwakuti malamulo a boma amapereka maziko a milandu yambiri, milandu ya boma kaŵirikaŵiri imanyamula zigamulo zotalikirana ndi kugamula mlandu. Mabungwe alamulo a boma amagwira ntchito nthaŵi zonse ndi U.S. A Attorney a Office kutsimikizira ngati mlandu uyenera kuimbidwa ndi boma kapena kuimbidwa mlandu m'bwalo la boma. Nthaŵi zina, boma ndi akuluakulu a boma a boma akuchititsa kufufuza pamodzi, kugawana ndi kufalitsa ziwiya za malonda aakulu a malonda. FBI’s Innocence Lost National Imbation, imene ikunena za kugonana kwa ana aang'ono, imaphatikizapo kaŵirikaŵiri boma ndi malamulo a boma a boma m'boma. Mchitidwe wa kuchiritsa ana ndi kumanga ana ndi kumanga anthu ogulitsa.

Ubwenzi ndi Agogo ndi Opereka Utumiki

Kusiyapo kugwirizana kwa lamulo, mabungwe a boma agwirizana ndi mabungwe osakhala a boma (NGOS) amene amapereka mautumiki apadera kwa opulumuka ozembetsedwa. Mabungwe onga Salvation Army , Catholic Charities, ndi malo ogwirira chigololo a m'madera osamukira ndi opatulidwa, kuwapangitsa kukhala mabwenzi ofunika kwambiri pozindikira anthu amene akanakhalabe obisika. Mabungwe a malamulo angapereke maluso a zamalonda ameneŵa ndipo, potsatira, angaphunzire za njira zopuluputira kumbuyo kwa akatswiri a NGO.

Mabungwe ena a boma akhazikitsa ochirikiza mikhole m'mabungwe awo ofufuza. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la Colorado Atttorney General’s Office pulogalamu imene ochirikiza ovutika a m'mabungwe a m'dziko amayenda limodzi ndi kutsata lamulo pozembera, kutsimikizira kuti opulumuka amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mautumiki ndi kuti mawu awo amamvedwa pofufuza. Chitsanzo chimenechi chimachepetsa kusweka mtima kwa kufunsa anthu amene azunzidwa ndipo chimawongolera mkhalidwe wa umboni umene ukusonkhanitsidwa, pamene opulumukawo akuwona kuti akulankhula poyera pamene akulingalira kuti akuthandizidwa.

Kugwirizana kwa anthu kumaphatikizaponso ndawala zodziŵitsa anthu zimene zimalimbikitsa nzika kuzindikira ndi kusimba za kugaŵiridwa kwa malonda. Mabungwe a boma amagaŵira zinthu m’zinenero zambiri, kuchititsa maluso kusukulu ndi m'malo a anthu, ndi kusungitsa mizere yapamwamba imene imalola kutchula . Bungwe la National Human Trafficing Hotline (88-373-788) ndilo chiwiya chachikulu chimene mabungwe ambiri a boma akuchirikiza; mafoni ndi malangizo angaperekedwe ku bungwe lotsatira malamulo.

Kuteteza Anthu ndi Kuwadziŵitsa

Pamene kuli kwakuti kusungitsa lamulo ndi kuchirikiza ochitiridwa nkhanza nkofunika, mabungwe ambiri a boma amakhudzidwanso kwambiri ndi kuletsa. Zoyesayesa zoletsa kuchepetsa makampani amene anthu akubera, monga umphaŵi, kusowa pokhala, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu, ndi kusaphunzira. Oyendetsa zankhondo ndi a sheriffart kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala ndi phande m'maprogramu a sukulu amene amaphunzitsa ophunzira za chisungiko pa Intaneti ndi maupandu a kudzikongoletsa. Iwo amagwiranso ntchito yochereza alendo ophunzitsa antchito m'hotela kuti adziŵe zizindikiro za malonda, ndi makampani a magalimoto kuti aphunzitse oyendetsa galimoto kuyendetsa magalimoto kugwiritsa ntchito monga [[FLT:] Atruckers Against Tragling [FFFF.

Maiko ena akhazikitsa malamulo ofunikira kuti makampani ena a "zonga makampani osisitira, ma salon, ndi mabalball" malaisensinsi ndi mayeso amene angafukule ntchito za kugulitsa. Mabungwe a boma ayendetsa mayeso ameneŵa mogwirizana ndi madipatimenti a ntchito ndi mabungwe osamalira ntchito. Ku Florida, Dipatimenti ya Zaulimi ndi Consumer Service imagwira ntchito ndi malamulo oyendera mabizinesi omwe amadziŵika kuti amagulitsa malonda, kutsimikizira kuti agwirizana ndi malamulo a boma ndi kuchotsa ntchito yosaloledwa ndi lamulo.

Kuzindikira anthu ndi njira inanso yopewera. Mwa kuphunzitsa anthu za kugulitsa anthu ndi kulephera kwa anthu. N’chifukwa chake si vuto lakutali chabe komanso limachitika m'masitolo, m'mafamu, ndi m'nyumba za anthu. Mabungwe a boma angawonjezere ndalama zimene amalandira. Mawebusaiti ambiri a boma amasonyeza zinthu zokhudza kugulitsa malonda ndi mmene angaperekere lipoti la ntchito zokayikitsa. Zochitika zapachaka monga National Human Trafficking Awachesdage Day mu January zimapereka mpata wa kusungitsa lamulo la boma kulankhula kwa anyuzi ndi anthu a m'malo awo ofalitsa ndi kufunika kwawo kwa kuyang’anira.

Kumaliza

Mabungwe osungitsa malamulo a boma ali ofunika kwambiri kukhazikitsa malamulo oletsa kulanda anthu ku United States. Kuchokera pa kuyankha koyamba koopsa ndi kufufuza kovuta kwa anthu ovutika, kuweruza, ndi kuletsa, mabungwe ameneŵa amagwira ntchito pa kuyendetsa bwino chitetezo cha anthu ndi ufulu wa anthu. Zipambano zawo zimadalira pa maphunziro odzipereka, zipangizo zokwanira, ndi kugwirizana kwambiri ndi a boma, mabungwe othandizira anthu ovutika, ndi madera amene amatumikira. Pamene kuli kwakuti mavuto akupitiriza , kuchuluka kwa ndalama, kugulitsa malonda, ndi kusokonezeka kwakukulu kochititsidwa ndi opulumuka ndi lamulo kukupitirizabe kukonza njira zake ndi kukambirana. Mwa kukhalabe ndi antchito a boma, njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira anthu opatsira milandu, mabungwewa akupanga kusiyana kwakukulu m’moyo wa anthu ndiponso anthu olimbana ndi ukapolo amakono.