Kumvetsa Njira Zodziŵira Mayina ku Ireland

Kudziwitsa zinthu ndi njira yotetezera munthu paokha, makamaka m'mayiko amene ali ndi njira zotetezera zinthu monga Ireland. Pansi pa General Data Protection Regtifial (GDPR) ndi Irish Data Protection Act 2018, mabungwe osamalira chidziŵitso cha munthuwekha akufunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira zimene zimachepetsa kulephera kwa munthu payekha. Kusintha zinthu kumasintha zinthu kuti anthu asadziŵike, mwachindunji kapena m’njira zina, pamene akusunga kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa maluso apamwamba a za mabizinesi, ndi a zamalonda. Nkhaniyi ikufufuza njira zofunika kwambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito ku Ireland, mafomu awo ogwira ntchito, ndi zikalata zothandiza, ndi zitokosokosoletso zimene mabungwe amene akuyang'anizana nazo.

Kodi Kusadziŵa Zinthu N’kutani?

Pansi pa GDPR, dzina lobisika limafotokozedwa kukhala njira yomasulira mawu aumwini osadziŵika m’njira yakuti nkhani ya ubongo isakhale yodziŵika. Kumasulira 26 kwa GDPR kumalongosola kuti kumasulira kwa dzina ndi kosiyana ndi lamulo chifukwa chakuti sikukukhudzanso munthu wodziŵika kapena wodziŵika. Komabe, khomoli ndi lalitali: kugwiritsa ntchito dzina kuyenera kukhala kosasinthika, kutanthauza kuti kugwiritsanso ntchito kulikonse kowonjezera chidziŵitso n’kosatheka. Ku Ireland, DPC Commis yotetezera (DC) yapereka malangizo akuti njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kukhala zoyenerera kulimbanira ndi kuukiranso kwamakono, kuphatikizapo kugwirizanitsa ndi chidziŵitso chakunja.

Kwenikweni, zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti mabungwe ayenera kupenda upandu wa kubwezeretsa mawu awo . Mwachitsanzo, kalongosoledwe kamene kamachotsa kokha odziŵidwa mwachindunji monga maina ndi maemail kangaonedwebe kukhala kopeka mmalo mwa kutchulidwa dzina la munthu wina ngati ali ndi mikhalidwe ina (m'm., mpambo wapositi, deti la kubadwa, ntchito) kangaphatikizidwe kuti munthu asankhe. Zoonadi zimafuna njira zothetsera kugwirizana pakati pa madata ndi nkhani ya ubongo ndi njira zina zosamveka.

Njira Zodziŵira Zomwe Anthu Ambiri Amagwiritsira Ntchito ku Ireland

Mabungwe ku Ireland amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuti apeze dzina. Zosankha zimadalira pa mtundu wa antim, kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu, ndi kutayikiridwa kwa zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito. Pansipa pali njira zovomerezeka kwambiri zimene anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito, limodzi ndi limodzi logwirizana ndi masamu a ku Ireland.

1. Kubisa Zolemba za M’makompyuta

Kubisa zinthu zokhala ndi machinsinsi kumaloŵetsamo makhalidwe oyambirira ndi zopeka koma zenizeni. Mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa maina enieni a makasitomala ndi maina amwamsanga kuchokera patebulo yofunafuna, kapena kulowetsa manambala a khadi la ngongole ndi makope (m., 9876xxxx xx xx321-4321). Ku Ireland, kubisa madesiki kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa miziyamu ndi kukonza malo kumene kulibe. Komabe, kubisa kokha kungakhale kosakwanira kuchititsa kubisika ngati machinsinsiwo ali ndi njira zapadera zimene zingabwereze kupyola pa projeti.

2. Kudziwidwa

Kusintha kwa mawu kumakhala kopanda tanthauzo chifukwa chakuti chidziŵitso cha bodza chimaonedwabe ngati mfundo zachinsinsi ngati mapu atha kukhazikitsidwanso. Makampani ambiri a ku Ireland amagwiritsa ntchito njira ya GDPR. Imeneyi ndi njira yotetezeka (GPR.5) yomwe imatchedwa kuti mlingo wa kutetezeka (GRICle 4(5) koma siichitikadi chifukwa chakuti mafotokozedwe opekawo ayambabe kukhala a munthu mwini ngati mapuwo atha kukhazikitsidwanso. Makampani ambiri a ku Ireland amagwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezera zamakono (m. g. g., kuwonjezera kapena kujambula) kuti apeze chidziŵitso chachinsinsi.

3. Kudzinenera mwachisawawa

Kusintha kwa mizinda kumachepetsa kulondola kwa maluso a makompyuta. Mwachitsanzo, mmalo mosunga zaka zokwanira 34, chidziŵitso chingaungidwe ku mibadwo (30-40). Mofananamo, maadiresi enieni angagwiritsiridwe ntchito ku mzinda kapena ku mlingo wa chigawo. Ku Ireland, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthaŵi zonse pofufuza zaumoyo ndi mfundo za anthu kumene chidziŵitso cha malo chingachititse kubwereranso ku . The Irish Health Information and Moult Authority (HIQA) yafalitsa chitsogozo cha kugwiritsira ntchito njira zaumoyo.

Kupondereza

Kutsendereza kumaphatikiza kuchotsa kotheratu chidziŵitso pamene chimachititsa ngozi yaikulu ya kubwezeretsa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tauni yaing'ono mu Ireland ili ndi munthu mmodzi yekha wokhala ndi nthenda yachilendo, mbiri imeneyo ingaletsedwe kuchokera ku zofufuza. Kutsendereza kumaphatikizidwa ndi maluso ena kuti apeze kulimba kwa Thunanonym (kutsimikizira kuti mbiri iriyonse njosaindikiridwa kuchokera ku zolembedwa zina).

5. Kusankhana

Kuphatikiza mafashoni a masamu kuti atulutse ziŵerengero zachidule mmalo mwa makhalidwe a munthu. Mwachitsanzo, kusimba “ndalama zopezedwa ndi chigawo” mmalo mwa kundandalika ndalama za munthu aliyense. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri ndi maofesi a Central Statistics Office (CSO) kaamba ka chidziŵitso cha anthu, koma iyenera kugwiritsiridwa ntchito mosamalitsa: ngati timaguluto tili aang'ono kwambiri, avareji ingavumbulebe chidziŵitso chimodzi ndi chimodzi.

Njira Zapamwamba Zodziŵikira

Kuwonjezera pa njira zosavuta, masamu angapo amatsimikizira kuti masamu olembedwa amathandiza kuti zinthu zachinsinsi zimene zalembedwa zikhale zotsimikizirika, makamaka m’zigawo monga za zachuma ndi zaumoyo.

  • Kquimity : Ndi malongosoledwe okhutiritsa kjoniyoning [1] Ngati zolembedwa zonse zili zosasiyana ndi zina zochokera pa quasipreinfiers (m., msinkhu, thano, profilecode). Mabungwe a ku Ireland ogwiritsa ntchito ktemany ayenera kusankha mtengo woyenerera; kuwonjezera k kuchepetsa upandu wa kuwonjezera koma kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chidziŵitso.
  • lil à Diversity ndi kutsekeka: [[FLT :1] Mawonjezero a kˈanonymatics amene amatetezera ziwukiro za homogenetic ndi kuukira kwa kugwirizana pa mikhalidwe yomvetsa chisoni monga ndalama kapena matenda. Kusintha kumafuna kuti kalasi iliyonse ikhale ndi makhalidwe osiyana kwa mikhalidwe ya kuzindikira. Kuyandikira kufalikira kwa makhalidwe abwino m’kalasi iliyonse kuti ikhale pafupi ndi kufalitsidwa kwa dziko lonse.
  • [[FLT: 0] Insinsinsinsi: Masamu ovuta kwambiri amene amawonjezera phokoso lokonzedwa bwino ku zotsatirapo zake, kutsimikizira kuti zotulutsidwazo sizikuvumbula ngati munthu aliyense ali m'makompyuta. Mbali zosiyanasiyana zachinsinsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Irish CSO potulutsa magome a ziŵerengero ndi makampani a tekinoloji ogwirira ntchito ku Ireland kaamba ka zigawo za mkati.
  • [[FLT :0] Chiyambi cha Kusintha kwa Data: Kupanga masamu opanga amene amatsanzira motsata zolembedwa zoyambirira popanda kukhala ndi chidziŵitso chenicheni chaumwini. Zojambula zokhala ndi zithunzi (m', GANS, VAES) zikupeza ndandanda ya zinthu zofufuzira ndi kuphunzira mafakitale, ngakhale kuti zimafunikira kutsimikizira kuti zipeŵe kutsegula chidziŵitso choyambirira.

Kusamalira Malamulo ndi Malamulo ku Ireland

Zimene Ankafuna Kuchita Komanso Anzawo Aziteteza Dziko Lathu mu 2018

GDPR imakhazikitsa pepala lapamwamba lopezera dzina. Recital 26 ikunena kuti kuti kuti adziŵe ngati chidziŵitso sichidziŵika, nkhani iyenera kutengedwa ndi “zonse zimene zingagwiritsidwe ntchito” ndi woyang'anira makompyuta kapena munthu wina aliyense kuti abwezere pulogalamu ya masamu. Mtolo wa umboni uli ndi woyang'anira. Ku Ireland, Act 2018 imalimbitsanso ntchito ya Data Protection Commission (DPC) kufalitsa malamulo a makhalidwe ndi malangizo. Mabungwe ayenera kulemba njira yawo yachinsinsi, kuphatikizapo kupenda, njira zogwiritsira ntchito, ndi kubwezeretsa njira zothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito.

Kuwonjezera apo, pa Gawo 36 la Department Act 2018, lamulo la ku Ireland limaletsa mwachindunji kukonza zinthu zaumwini kuti zikhale zopindulitsa anthu, zolinga za sayansi kapena za mbiri yakale, kapena zolinga za kuŵerengera, poziteteza. Kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza usilikali nthaŵi zambiri kumathandiza kwambiri pa nkhani zimenezi.

Kuteteza Zinthu Zokhudzana ndi Kufufuza (DPIA)

Asanagwiritse ntchito dzina la munthu, mabungwe a ku Ireland ayenera kutsogolera ntchito ya Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) ngati njirayo ingachititse kuti anthu azikhala pangozi yodzisankhira ndi kuwapatsa ufulu. DPIA iyenera kupenda kuopsa kwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera, ndi kuchuluka kwa njira iliyonse yodziwitsa zinthu. DPC yafalitsa ndandanda ya ntchito zimene nthaŵi zonse zimafuna DPA, kuphatikizapo “kukonza magawo apadera a data pamlingo waukulu” (monga mathero a zaumoyo).

Kuwona Bwino ndi Kuŵerengera Mlandu

Ngakhale atalephera kudziwika, mabungwe ayenera kuonekeratu ndi nkhani zokhudza njira zawo zofufuzira makompyuta. Pansi pa mfundo ya GDPR yonena za chilungamo, nkhani za makompyuta ziyenera kudziŵitsidwa bwino kuti makampani a ku Ireland angadziŵike kuti agwiritsa ntchito njira zina zachiŵiri. Makampani ambiri a ku Ireland amaphatikizapo kuvumbula zinthu zachinsinsi podziwitsa. Malangizo a DPC amagogomezera kuti kubisa sikuthetsa ntchito: mabungwe ayenera kusunga mafaelo a ntchito zimene zimabisa zinthu zobisika.

Ubwino Wolemba Mabuku a Chigawo cha ku Ireland

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodzidziŵira kumapindulitsa kwambiri.

  • Provitation : Kubisidwa kwa chidziŵitso kumachepetsa upandu wa kuvulaza anthu kuchokera ku kuswa chidziŵitso kapena kugwiritsira ntchito molakwa, kugwirizana ndi chikhalidwe champhamvu cha ndandanda ya chidziŵitso cha Ireland.
  • Kampani ya Ufulu wa Kusintha: Kudziwidwa Kwabwino kungathandize mabungwe kupeŵa faindi pansi pa GDPR, imene mu Ireland ingafikire kufika pa $20 miliyoni kapena 4% ya kusintha kwa pachaka.
  • Kugaŵana ndi Kusintha: Malongosoledwe obisika angagawiridwe kwa ofufuza, ogwirizana, kapena anthu popanda kuvumbula chidziŵitso chaumwini. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la Zaumoyo la Irish Health Service Administration (HSE) likugawana mfundo za zaumoyo zokhala ndi mayankho a miliri ndi kufufuza za zamankhwala.
  • Kulephera kwa Kusintha kwa Chidziŵitso: Ngati atseka chidziŵitso chobisika, ukulu wa chidziŵitso ndi kuvulaza umafupikitsidwa ndi kuswa zinthu zoloŵetsamo chidziŵitso chaumwini.
  • Unduna ndi Mabungwe a zamalonda: Mabungwe angapeze chidziŵitso kuchokera ku chidziŵitso chodziŵika popanda kupezeka pamutu pa oyang'anira ovomereza ndi mayankho a zoyenera za chidziŵitso.

Mavuto Amene Ndinakumana Nawo Chifukwa Chosowa Anthu Ocheza Nawo ku Ireland

Magulu a anthu ayenera kudziwa mavuto amene angawalepheretse kutulukira zinthu zina.

Kuopsa Kochepetsa Vutoli

Kupita patsogolo kwa njira zothandizira kugwirizanitsa zinthu monga kuukira kwa anthu pogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta a boma, kufufuza zinthu zachinsinsi pogwiritsa ntchito maphunziro a makina, ndi chidziŵitso chothandiza kuchokera ku wailesi yakanema .Projunten ngakhale masamu ogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Ku Ireland, nkhani ya “Irish Health Data Repreitentification" kufufuza (ofufuza pa University College Dublin) anasonyeza kuti mabodza achinsinsi a chipatala angagwirizanitsidwe ndi mpukutu wa ma pulogalamu opanga zinthu, kuzindikiritsa anthu ndi kulondola kwapamwamba. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya magetsi ndi chinthu chimodzi n’chinthu chochititsa chidwi.

Kuchuluka kwa Malonda

Kuzindikira zinthu kumachepetsa mphamvu ya masamu, kupangitsa kuti mfundozo zikhale zosathandiza kwenikweni pofufuza. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa anthu kungachititse kuti asakhale ndi mphamvu yoŵerengera zinthu pofufuza. Mabungwe a ku Ireland ayenera kulinganiza bwino mlingo wa dzina ndi cholinga chake.

Kudana ndi Malamulo

Ngakhale kuti GDPR imapanga maziko a GDPR, muyezo pakati pa kutchulana ndi kubisa mawu umakhala wosadziŵika bwino, makamaka ku Ireland kumene kuli malamulo ochepa a khoti pankhaniyi. Njira ya kusungitsa lamulo ya DPC imakhala yosintha, ndipo mabungwe angayang’anizane ndi chikaikiro kufikira chitsogozo chowonjezereka kapena lamulo litafika.

Kukhoma Chuma

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodziŵira zinthu monga kûanonymicm kapena malo achinsinsi osiyana kumafunikira antchito aluso, zipangizo za masamu, ndi kuyang’anira kopitirizabe. Makampani aang'ono ndi apakati ku Ireland angavutike kugaŵira zipangizo zimenezi, kuchititsa kuti adalire njira zosavuta zimene sizingakwane ndi miyezo yofunikira.

Nkhani Zoyenera Kuzitchula

Ngati chidziŵitso cha dzina la munthu chachotsedwadi, ufulu wa GDPR (monga kuyenera kwa kubwezeretsa, kubwezeretsa, ndi kusungika) sumagwiranso ntchito pa madata obisidwa. Komabe, ngati dzinalo limasinthika kapena ngati chidziŵitso choyambirira chasungidwa ndi ozindikiritsa, ndiye kuti ufuluwo umapitirizabe. Mabungwe ayenera kusamala kwambiri kuyendetsa makiyi osunga mapangano mosazindikira amene angayambitsenso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphamvu.

Njira Zabwino Zodziŵira Zinthu ku Ireland

Kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito njira zocholoŵanazo, mabungwe a ku Ireland ayenera kutsatira njira yolinganizidwa yamakono yochokera ku DPC ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse yonga ISO 27701 ndi UK ICO yosadziŵika bwino.

  • [[FLT: 0] Conduct A Regientificiation Assuement: Asanatchule, amayesa upandu wa kupendanso nkhani yonse, mfundo zothandiza, ndi malo osungiramo zinthu. Gwiritsirani ntchito zipangizo zonga ARX kapena Anonym kuŵerengera maupandu.
  • Chikalata Chotsatirapo: [[FLT :1] Sungani zolemba zokwanira za masitepe achilendo, kuphatikizapo njira yosankhidwa, ziphatikizo, ndi zotsatirapo. Makalata ameneŵa ndi ofunika kwambiri kuŵerengeranso ku Ireland.
  • Kugwiritsira ntchito maluso ambiri a Technique: Kuika mabomba (m' lekuatiso, kuphimba ndi kuphatikizapo kubisa zinthu zachinsinsi zapadera) kaŵirikaŵiri kumapereka chitetezo champhamvu kuposa njira imodzi.
  • Kuyesa kaamba ka Kubwezeretsa: Nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi kuyesa chidziŵitso chobisika ndi zochitika zauchigaŵenga, makamaka ngati ma programu atsopano a anthu onse apezeka amene angathandize kugwirizanitsa.
  • Gwiritsirani ntchito Achinsinsi ēnning Techniologies (PETS): Ganizirani kutengera ma PET monga malo opachikidwa odalirika, kukhala ndi manambala ambiri, kapena kulembedwa kopeka kosiyanasiyana kwa homomorphic kumene kuli kofunika kutetezera chidziŵitso chomvetsa zinthu pamene mukufufuza.
  • Khalanibe modziŵa: Tsatirani chitsogozo kuchokera ku Irish DPC, European Data Protection Board (EDPB), ndi ma pulaneti aukatswiri onga Irish Computer Society. Pitani m'malo ochitira pulogalamu ndi kufunsa akatswiri otetezera makompyuta.

M’tsogolomu Kudzapezeka Mabuku Omwe Amasonyeza Kuti Ali ndi Mabaibulo Osiyanasiyana ku Ireland

Ku Ireland, zinthu zambiri zikusintha mofulumira chifukwa cha luso la zopangapanga ndiponso kusintha kwa zinthu.

Kulamulira ndi Kukakamiza

DPC imayembekezeredwa kupereka malangizo ena okhudza kusadziwika kwa dzina, amene angapereke malamulo a kakhalidwe ka mbali . Kufuna kwa European Commission kaamba ka EU Data Act kungayambitsenso malamulo atsopano onena za kugawana malembo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito dzina. Mabungwe a ku Ireland ayenera kuyang'anira bwino zochitika zimenezi.

Kuphunzira Makina ndi Ai

Mapikica ophunzitsidwa bwino pa ubongo angaloŵeze tsatanetsatane wa zinthu zachinsinsi mosadziŵa, kudzutsa funso la kaya ngati mapulogalamu achitsanzowo ali achidziŵitso cha munthu. DPC yapereka zikwangwani zosonyeza kuti madesiki achitsanzo angaonedwe ngati adziŵike ngati akutsata chidziŵitso chodziŵika. Matechnique monga maphunziro aumwini osiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito dzina la munthu mmodzi ndi pa Zwi Device adzakhala ofunika kwambiri kwa makampani a ku Irelandish AII.

Kuopsa kwa Madzi

Makompyuta a quantam angachititse kuti makompyuta ambiri athe kulembedwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopusitsa anthu powatchula kuti ndi opeka ndiponso zowagwiritsa ntchito. Ngakhale kuti imeneyi ndi ngozi ya nthawi yaitali, kufufuza kothandiza kwambiri njira zogwiritsa ntchito dzina la munthu kukuchitika pa yunivesite za ku Ireland monga Trinity College ndi University College Corkell.

Kutumiza Umboni wa Padziko Lonse

Chidziŵitso chobisika sindicho chidziŵitso chaumwini pansi pa GDPR ndipo chotero chingasamutsirizidwe kunja kwa EEA popanda chitetezo chowonjezereka. Komabe, ngati kuchotsedwa kwa dzinalo kuli kosakwanira, kusamutsidwa kungaswe Mfundo 44. Ziphunzitso za “Schrems III” ndi zosankha zothekera za kulanda UK ndi maulamuliro ena a ku Ireland zidzayambukira mmene makampani a ku Irland amagwirira ntchito ya dzina la dzina losamutsidwira ku malire.

Kumaliza

Kusintha zinthu sikuthandiza kuteteza zinthu monga kuteteza zinthu zachinsinsi ku Ireland. Mwa kumvetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira anthu kuteteza zinthu monga kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za dzikolo, kupondereza, kugwiritsa ntchito dzina la munthu, ndi kubisa zinthu zosiyanasiyana, mabungwe angateteze munthu aliyense payekha pamene akutsegula mfundo zachinsinsi, kufufuza, ndi kukonza zinthu zatsopano. Malo alamulo, olamulidwa ndi GDPR ndi anthu a ku Ireland, amafuna kuti aonetse bwino zinthu, aone zinthu, ndi kuoneka bwino. Pamene njira zothandizira kumanga maluso a ku Ireland zikhalebe zanzeru. Kukonza maluso awo otchuka masiku ano sikudzathandiza kukhazikitsa chikhulupiriro komanso kudalira anthu amene ali ndi udindo wodalirika.

Kaamba ka kuŵerenga kowonjezereka, fufuzani [[FLT: 1] Chitsogozo cha Chitetezo cha Data chotetezera [1] Chitsogozo cha pa dzina ndi Ukrain Atchie Office Board yotetezera ya Umboni [[FLT:] [[FLT:]] ndi [FLT] Zitsogozo za kukonza [maluso] za ntchito yofufuza. Onaninso [[FLT:]