Table of Contents
Kukonza malo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo ndizo maziko a kulinganiza ndi kutukuka kwa . Kwa eni malo, okonza malo, ogula nyumba, ndi omanga nyumba, kumvetsetsa malamulo ameneŵa nkofunika. Malamulo ndi malo angaimitse ntchito, kuyambitsa faindi, kapena ngakhale kukakamiza kuchotsa nyumba. Kwa nzika, kumaumba khalidwe la malo, kusonkhezera chilichonse kuchokera ku mafashoni a galimoto kupita ku mafashoni a katundu.
M’bukuli muli malangizo othandiza kwambiri ofotokoza mmene malo amagwirira ntchito, mmene amagwirira ntchito, ndiponso njira zowaperekera kudera lanu.
Kodi Malamulo a M’dziko ndi Zomera Zikugwiritsidwa Ntchito Bwanji?
Malamulo opeka ndi malamulo a kumaloko amene amagawanitsa chigawo cha boma m'zigawo zogawidwa kapena madera. Dera lililonse limabwera ndi malamulo apadera olamulira zimene zingamangidwe ndi mmene malo angagwiritsidwire ntchito. Dzikoli limagwiritsira ntchito lamulo lalikulu limene limaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa malo ndi malamulo ena monga kutetezera malo okhala, ndi malamulo osungirako zinthu.
Zolinga zazikulu za kumanga ndi kugwiritsira ntchito malamulo ndizo:
- Thanzi lachipuku ndi chisungiko: kusagwirizana kwa ntchito, zonga ngati kuchotsa mafakitale ku sukulu ndi zipatala.
- kukula kwamphamvu: kuletsa kupita patsogolo kwa zinthu zamphamvu za m'makompyuta.
- [[ML:0] Kuteteza kwa mtengo: Kugwirizana kumene kugwiritsira ntchito kwapafupi sikuwononga mapindu a panyumba.
- [[MLT: 0] Udindo wa zamwambo: Kuteteza malo otentha, zipinda zosefukira, ndi madera ena ovuta.
Malamulo ameneŵa atha kuyambira kumayambiriro a zaka za zana la 20 mu United States, ndi Khoti Lapamwamba likutsimikizira kulimba kwake kwa lamulo m'nkhani yosintha zinthu . Vallage ya Euclid . Ambler Realty Co. . [FLT :3] (1926). Kuyambira pamenepo, kumanga kwakhala chiŵiya choyendera kaamba ka maboma a m’dziko lonselo.
Mitundu ya Zigawo za Zoning
Ngakhale kuti boma lililonse limalongosola magulu ake a malo, ambiri a iwo amatsatira njira yofananayo.
Malo Okhalamo Aakulu
Nthaŵi zambiri amagaŵanikananso kuti achepetse kulemera kwa nyumba ndi mtundu wa nyumba:
- Nyumba za banja limodzi (R1): nyumba zofolera pa malole a munthu. Malo ameneŵa kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala ndi zofunika za ukulu wochepa ndi utali wochepa wa kumanga.
- Mabanja okhala (R-2, R-3): Malo a duplexes, tauni, ndi nyumba zogona. Malire amafotokozedwa monga mayuniti pa hekitala imodzi.
- Nyumba zogwiritsiridwa ntchito: imaphatikiza nyumba ndi malo a malonda kapena a malonda, zofala m'matauni kudzaza.
Malo amalonda
Malo amalonda amasungamo mabizinesi ndi masitolo. Mitundu yaing’ono imaphatikizapo:
- [[ML:0] malonda a kuzungulira: Kachipilala kochepa monga masitolo a m’makona ndi masitolo a khofi.
- [[ML:0] Ndalama za kampani yosatsa malonda yofala: Masitolo aakulu, malesitilanti, ndi maofesi.
- [[FLT :0] chigawo cha malonda a zamalonda (CBD):[[FLT :1] tauni yokhala ndi nyumba zazitali ndi kuchuluka kwa miyendo.
Mafakitale
Malo a mafakitale amapangidwira ntchito, kuphulitsa malo, ndi mafakitale. Iwo ali kutali ndi malo okhala anthu kuti achepetse phokoso, magalimoto, ndi kuipitsa. Malo a maindasitale amalola misonkhano ndi mafakitale kupangira zinthu, pamene kuli kwakuti malo aakulu a maindasitale amalola kukonza ndi kupeka.
Malo a Zaulimi
Malo ena a ulimi amalola kuti m’madera ena alimi azilimidwa mochepa, koma nthawi zambiri kukula kwa malowo kumaposa mahekitala 10 kapena kuposa.
Zigawo Zapadera
Madera ambiri amapanganso zigawo zapadera za chifuno chapadera kaamba ka zosoŵa zapadera:
- Zigawo zachizembera: Kusunga choloŵa cha nyumba ndi malangizo okhwima opanga.
- madera: Kuletsa kukula kwa malo okhoterera kukusefukira kwa madzi.
- Kupangidwa kwa mayuniti ovomerezedwa (PUD): Lolani malo osinthika kaamba ka maprojekiti aakulu ophatikizapo ndi zilolezo zokambidwa.
Mmene Malamulo Opeka Ayambukirira Kukula kwa Zinthu
Malamulo opeka amakhudza zinthu zambiri kuposa kungonena kuti “dziko lino ndi la nyumba. ”
Kumanga Ukulu, Utali, ndi Zopinga
Dera lililonse lomanga limaphatikizapo zofunika zazikulu:
- Maseti: Fact: Farmauth imayenera kuchokera ku mizere ya katundu, misewu, kapena nyumba zina. Mpando, mbali, ndi kubwerera kumbuyo zimasiyana ndi chigawo.
- Mpata wa utali: Utali wa nyumba, wosonyezedwa kaŵirikaŵiri m'mapazi kapena nthano.
- Muyezo wa malo a pansi (FAR): Chiŵerengero cha malo onse omanga aukulu wochuluka. FAR ya 2.0 pa 10,000 square-matsi a mapazi imatanthauza kuti mungapange malo a pansi okwana mamita makwerero 20,000, ogaŵidwa kudutsa nthabwala zambiri.
- [1] phesenti ya mlingo wa mawonekedwe amene angaphikidwe ndi nyumba kapena thambo losatetezereka.
Kukonza Malo Osungiramo Nyama ndi Zofunika za Pamsewu
Mabanja ambiri amalonda amafunika kuti pakhale malo ochepa oimikapo magalimoto. Matauni ena alinso ndi malire owonjezera olimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira. Kufufuza kwa pamsewu kungafunikire kuti pakhale zitukuko zazikulu, ndipo wokonzayo angapemphedwe kulipira ndalama kuti akonze njira zoyendetsera kapena zizindikiro za magalimoto.
Gwiritsirani Ntchito Zilolezo ndi Zilolezo Zochita
Malo ambiri amapanga mitundu itatu ya njira zogwiritsira ntchito:
- Kuloledwa ndi kulamanja: Malo amene amaloledwa mwachibadwa ngati malowo akwaniritsa zonse zofunika ndi zina.
- Kugwiritsira ntchito kwapadera (kusiyana kwapadera): Kugwiritsira ntchito kumene kumafuna kumvetsera kwa anthu ndi chivomerezo kuchokera ku pulati yomangira. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo matchalitchi m'malo okhala kapena m'malo amalonda.
- Matanthauzo oikidwiratu: Magwiritsidwe ntchito amene saloledwa m’mikhalidwe iriyonse.
Kusintha Kosiyanasiyana
Ngati malo anu sakwaniritsa chiyeneretso chapadera cha malo, mungafunsire kaamba ka kusagwirizana. Wosiyanayo amapatsa chilolezo cha kupatuka ku malamulo . Mwachitsanzo, kumanga pafupi ndi ndandanda ya katundu kuposa mmene chidodocho chikufunikira. Kuti mupeze kusiyana, muyenera kutsimikizira kuti chiletsocho chimayambitsa vuto losayenerera la m'malo anu.
Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsira ntchito nthaka yanu m’njira imene malo amakono saloledwa, mungapemphe kukonzanso kapena kukhazikitsa. Imeneyi ndi njira yalamulo imene imafuna chilolezo kuchokera ku bungwe la mzinda kapena bungwe lachigawo, kaŵirikaŵiri pambuyo pa chivomerezo cha bungwe lolinganiza.
Ntchito ya Zolinganiza Zogwirizana
Malamulo opanga malo sakhalapo m’chimbudzi. Amatsogozedwa ndi mapulani ogwirizana ndi mapulani. Ngati mulingalira za kukonza kwabwino, pulogalamu yatsatanetsatane imeneyi idzakuuzani ngati ntchito yanu igwirizana ndi zolinga za chigawo.
Mmene Mungafufuzire Zinthu Kuti Mupeze Chinthu Chinachake
Asanagule malo kapena ayambitse ntchito, kufufuza kosamalitsa nkofunika. Nayi njira imodzi ndi imodzi:
Mfundo Yoyamba: Dziwani Chigawo Chotchedwa Zoning
Pezani dipatimenti yokonza malo kapena pita ku webusaiti ya masipala. Matauni ambiri amapereka mapu olemba malo a pa Intaneti kuti mulowe maadiresi ndi kuona dzina la chigawo. Lembani malamulo enieni a malo monga "R1A" kapena "C-2.
Sitepe 2: Ŵerengani Kulira kwa Kudzitukumula
Pezani chigawo cha malamulo a m’boma amene akugwirizana ndi chigawo chanu. Lamulolo lidzanena kuti:
- Analola kuti azichita zimenezi pa zifukwa zina.
- Kukwera, kukwera, ndi kukwera.
- Masitepe otereŵa ndi okongoletsa maluŵa.
- Malamulo a zizindikiro.
Sitepe 3: Onani Ngati Madera Aakulu
Madera otsala amawonjezera malamulo ena pamwamba pa chigawo cha chigawo. Malo otsalira amaphatikizapo:
- Malo osungirapo a Aironi: Amafuna kupenda masinthidwe akunja.
- Floaplain : Amafuna zikalata za kukwezedwa ndi kutetezera chigumula.
- Malo a kutsogolo: kutetezera mitsinje, tsinje lotsetsereka, kapena malo okhala nyama.
Sitepe 4: Kambiranani ndi Ogwira Ntchito
Malamulo okonza zinthu atha kukhala ovuta kuwamvetsa.
Nkhani Zofala ndi Mmene Mungazithetsere
Ngakhale eni malo akhama amakumana ndi mavuto.
Kugwiritsira Ntchito Kosagwirizana ndi Malamulo
A ntchito yosasintha ndi ntchito imene inagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene inakhazikitsidwa koma siiloledwanso pomanga malo. Mwachitsanzo, kasitolo kake ka chakudya m'chigawo chimene chakhalanso chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu. Malamulo ambiri amalola kuti ntchito zosasintha zipitirize, koma angachepetse kufutukuka, kumanganso pambuyo pa tsoka, kapena kubwereranso ntchito pambuyo pa nyengo ya kutha kwa ntchito.
Kuswa Maula
Kumanga popanda chilolezo kapena kugwiritsira ntchito malo mwanjira yoswa malamulo a malo kungatulukepo faindi, malamulo a ntchito yoleka, ndi kachitidwe ka lamulo. Ngati mulandira chidziŵitso choswa lamulo, musachinyalanyaze. Mungafunikire kufunsira kaamba ka kusagwirizana, kusintha kugwiritsira ntchito, kapena kuchonderera chigamulo.
Kukangana ndi Anansi
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala nkhani zothetsa nzeru pakati pa anthu amene amakhala pafupi.
- Mpanda kapena nyumba imene imasemphana ndi zimene munthu amafunika kubwereramo.
- Ntchito zamalonda m’dera lokhala anthu, monga shopu yokonzera galimoto.
- Phokoso, kuimika galimoto, kapena fungo la malonda apafupi.
Nthawi zambiri, chinthu choyamba chimene muyenera kuchita ndicho kulankhula ndi munthu amene mukukhala naye pafupi, ndipo ngati zimenezi zitalephera, onetsetsani kuti ofesi yosungitsa malamulo ya m’dzikolo ikudandaula.
Dziko Linkagwiritsa Ntchito Chilamulo Kuposa Kungochita Chidwi
Ngakhale kuti malo ndi mbali yooneka bwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito malamulo, malamulo enanso amathandiza kwambiri.
Malamulo Opanda Malo Okha
Malamulo ogaŵikana amalamulira mmene nthaka imagaŵidwa kukhala maere. Amafuna kuti wokonzayo apereke makwalala, zinthu zofunikira, madzi okhetsa madzi, ndi zinthu zina zapamwamba. Musanagulitse maere pa kupangidwa kwatsopano, pulogalamu yapansi iyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi boma lakwanuko.
Malamulo a Zachilengedwe
Malamulo a boma, ndi a malo okhala angaletse kukula. Malo ofunika amaphatikizapo:
- Madambo a madzi: Olamuliridwa ndi Gulu la Asilikali a ku United States pansi pa Chilamulo Chaudongo cha Madzi.
- Mitundu yopirira: Development ingakhazikitsidwe m'malo a mitundu ya zamoyo zotetezeredwa.
- [[FLT :0] Kuyendetsa madzi: madera ambiri amafunikira kutseguka kwa kutseguka kapena kuchiritsa madzi a mkuntho.
Kusungidwa Kosaiŵalika
Zifaniziro m'madera oikidwiratu kapena zondandalitsidwa pa National Register of Historic Places zikuyang'anizana ndi ziletso zina. Kusintha, kuchepetsa, ndi kumanga kwatsopano ziyenera kupendedwa ndi bungwe la mbiri yotetezera.
Zimene Anthu Amachita Povomereza Zimene Ena Akuti Zikuchitikira
Kulima kapena kusintha kagwiritsidwe kake ka ntchito si nkhani yamaseŵera.
- Msonkhano wotsatira: Perekani lingaliro lanu ku kukonzekera antchito kaamba ka chivomerezo.
- Kupenda kwachisitiki: Songani mapulani osonyeza kumanga, kuimika, kukongoletsa malo, ndi kutulutsa madzi.
- Mpando wa pepala: kaamba ka ntchito zapadera, kusagwirizana, kapena kumanganso, kuweruza kwapoyera kukufunika. Oyandikana nawo ndi osungitsa mapanganowo anganene kapena kutsutsa chigamulocho.
- Commission: Bungwe lokonzekera limapenda mlanduwo ndi kupanga chivomerezo ku bungwe losankhidwa.
- Chigamulo cha mzinda wa msonkhano kapena chigawo cha bungwe la oweruza: Chosankha chomalizira pa kukonzanso kapena zochitika zazikulu chimapangidwa ndi bungwe lolamulira losankhidwa.
- Malo omanga: Malo ovomerezeka ataikidwa, mungafunsire zilolezo zomangira ntchitoyo.
Kusintha konseko kungatenge milungu ingapo mpaka chaka chimodzi, malinga ndi kucholoŵana kwa zinthu ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu.
Chifukwa Chake Ogula Zinthu Panyumba Amakhalira Ofuna Kugula Zinthu
Ngati mukugula nyumba, ntchito yomanga nyumbayo imakukhudzani m’njira zimene simungayembekezere:
- Mitengo ya kuchuluka kwa nyumba: Nyumba zokhazikika, zobzalidwa bwino zimasunga phindu lake.
- Kukula kwa chibadwa: Kambani zimene zaloledwa pa zinthu zina. Malo opanda kanthu apafupi akanakhala siteshoni ya gasi kapena nyumba yapamwamba ngati kumanga kulola.
- Mabizinesi apanyumba: Ngati mukonzekera kuyendetsa bizinesi kuchokera panyumba panu, tsimikizirani kuti malowo akulola ndi zimene ziletso zimagwira ntchito.
- Kuwonjezera ndi kukonzanso: [[FL:1] Kufutukula nyumba yanu kungafunikire kusintha ngati nyumba yomwe ilipoyo siikufikira malire a kukwera kapena kutalika kwake.
Mmene Mungaloŵetsere M’zosankha Zam’deralo
Anthu okhala m’dzikolo ali ndi mphamvu yothandiza kukulitsa madera amene akukhala. Nawa njira yochitira nawo zinthu:
- Khonsa ya kukonzekera ndi misonkhano ya m'mizinda. Misonkhano imeneyi ndi yapoyera ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri imaphatikizapo mipata ya ndemanga yapoyera.
- Ikani gulu lapafupi. Magulu ameneŵa kaŵirikaŵiri amapenda ndi kuyankha pa zochitika zolingaliridwa.
- Kutumikira pa boti kapena komiti. Madera ambiri ali ndi malo otsegulira ntchito yokonzekera, komiti yokonza zikalata zochonderera, kapena ntchito yosungitsa mbiri yakale.
- Lankhulani momasuka pamene mukukonza mapulani owonjezereka. Zosintha zimenezi zimachitika zaka 5-10 zilizonse ndi kuika njira ya kusintha kwa malo mtsogolo.
Zomwe Tingachite Kuti Tiphunzirenso
Zinthu zotsatirazi zingakuthandizeni kumvetsa malamulo a m’dera lanu:
- Dipatimenti yokonzekera malo akwanuko: Magwero abwino koposa a mapu, malamulo, ndi mafomu otsatirira.
- [[NTRANT: 0] Malembo ambiri akwanuko akupezeka pa Intaneti kudzera mwa mautumiki monga Manikode kapena laibulale ya Municode .
- Malamulo a dziko agwiritsira ntchito malamulo: malamulo a boma amakhazikitsa malamulo a malo a malo. Mwachitsanzo, dziko la Oregon logwiritsira ntchito dongosolo nlapadera ndipo nlotchuka kwambiri.
- Aphungu a ntchito: Dziko limagwiritsira ntchito maloya, olinganiza, ndi alangizi omanga malo angapereke chitsogozo cha akatswiri pa ntchito zovuta.
- Zofalitsa zofalitsa zofalitsa: [1] Komiti ya American Planning ifalitsa mabuku ndi nkhani za njira zabwino zomanga. Onani zipangizo zawo pa kukonza mapulani. org.
Malingaliro Omalizira
Kumvetsa malamulo amenewa kumakuthandizani kusankha zinthu mozindikira, kupewa kulakwitsa zinthu kowononga ndalama, ndiponso kuchita nawo zinthu zina zofunika kwambiri pothandiza kuti mudziwike bwino.
Kaya mukumanga nyumba, kuyambitsa bizinesi, kapena kungogula malo, phunzirani malamulo a malo. Lankhulani ndi antchito olinganiza. Ŵerengani mapulani atsatanetsatane. Pitani kukambidwa ndi anthu. Chidziŵitso chimene mupeza chidzakhala chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zimene mumapereka ku ntchito iliyonse yokonza malo.