Kuona ndalama zimene anthu amawononga ndi maziko a ulamuliro wa demokrase. Pamene nzika ziwona bwino mmene ndalama zawo za msonkho zimasonkhanitsidwira, kugaŵiridwa, ndi kuwonongedwa, kudalira mabungwe a boma kumalimbitsa ndi kuchepa kwa ziphuphu. Ndiponso, kutsegula mapepala a zamalonda kumathandiza anthu odziŵa bwino kuyambitsa mikangano, kulola anthu kuchititsa kuti azikhala ndi mlandu wa atsogoleri, ndipo kumathandiza kutsimikizira kuti chuma cha anthu onse chikuyang'aniridwa ku zosoŵa zenizeni za anthu, masukulu, maziko, ndi ukonde. M'dziko limene ndalama za anthu zimapitirira mazana ambiri a madola, kukhoza kutsata malonda alionse kuchokera ku pulogalamu ya kutuluka, sikuli kachitidwe kabwino chabe.

Wotsogolera wofutukula ameneyu akufufuza kufunika kwa kuwala powononga ndalama za anthu, mfundo zimene zimakuchirikiza, kuvuta kopitirizabe kuti upeze ndalamazo, ndi njira zotsimikiziridwa zochitira zinthuzo, zomwe zakhala ndi zitsanzo zenizeni za dziko, zomwe ndi zakuti maboma ndi nzika angatsatire kuti apange malo oyenera kukhalirako ndi oyenera kuŵerengeredwa.

Kufunika kwa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ndalama Moyenera

Kuona ndalama zimene anthu amawononga kumatumikira ntchito zambiri zofunika m'chitaganya cha democracy. Kumalola nzika kumvetsetsa mmene ndalama zawo za msonkho zikugwiritsidwira ntchito, kusonkhezera kuŵerengera pakati pa akuluakulu a boma, ndi kuthandiza kuletsa ziphuphu ndi kusasamala ndalama. Pamene zikalata za bajeti, zopereka, ndi malipoti oŵerengera ndalama aperekedwa poyera m'mafaelo ofikirika, boma limatsegula lokha kuti lifufuze kwa atolankhani, ofufuza, ndi nzika wamba. Kufufuza kumeneku kumakhala ngati kuletsa kwamphamvu kunyenga ndi kubisa ndalama.

  • Umboni wa kumasuka wakuti akuluakulu a boma alibe chobisa, kukulitsa chidaliro chakuti ndalama za anthu zikuwonongedwa mwanzeru.
  • Othandiza nzika yodziŵa kutengamo mbali: Anthu amene amamvetsetsa bajetiyo ali othekera kwambiri kuloŵa m'kufunsira kwa anthu, kuvota m'masankho a kumaloko, ndi kuchirikiza zinthu zofunika zawo.
  • Imachepetsa mipata ya ziphuphu: Pamene ndalama zioneka ndi zopimidwa, malipiro osaloledwa ndi mapangano owonjezera zimavuta kubisa.
  • imatsimikizira kugawidwa kwa zosungiramo: zinthu zowonekera bwino zimalola opanga malamulo, openda, ndi anthu kudziŵikitsa ndalama zotayidwa ndi za shopcate ku maprogramu amene akupereka zotulukapo.

Kugwirizana pakati pa kuonekera ndi kuchepa kwa ziphuphu kwalembedwa bwino. Malinga ndi Tractive International Corruption Perceptions Index, maiko okhala ndi milingo yapamwamba ya kuonekera kwa bajeti nthaŵi zonse amatsika pa ziphuphu zooneka. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu imene imachita nawo ntchito za Survey

Mfundo Zazikulu Zothandiza Kuona Malo Oyenera

Kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za anthu mogwira mtima, mfundo zina zofunika ziyenera kutsatiridwa. Mfundo zimenezi zingakuthandizeni kukonza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo a zachuma oonetsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndipo zimavomerezedwa kwambiri ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse monga International Monetary Fund (IMF) ndi World Bank.

  • Kumveka kwa zinthu: [[FLT :1] chidziŵitso cha zachuma chiyenera kuperekedwa m’njira yomveka ndi yomveka. Chikhomo cha zojambula, zinthu za mizera yobisika, ndi zidutswa zothina zimasiyanitsa anthu. Mabodi ooneka, malongosoledwe a zinenero zosavuta, ndi zipangizo zothandizira kutsegula balebu.
  • Universition: Iyenera kukhala yosavuta kwa anthu popanda zopinga zosafunikira. Izi zikutanthauza kufalitsa pa Intaneti, makompyuta ojambula ndi makina (CSV, JSON, XML) komanso m'zolemba za anthu opanda Intaneti.
  • Nthawi: [[FLT :1] Asayansi ayenera kufalitsidwa nthaŵi zonse ndi mwamsanga kuti asungitse nzika za anthu kudziŵa. Nthaŵi yeniyeni kapena nthaŵi yeniyeni yochitira lipoti / monga olemba zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi bwino; pamlingo wochepera, mwezi uliwonse kapena pa chigawo chimodzi ndi theka, kukonza nkofunika.
  • Kupereka chidziŵitso chonse cha ndalama: Chidziŵitso chonse choyenerera chiyenera kuphatikizapo kupereka chithunzi chonse cha ndalama zowonongedwa ndi anthu. Izi zimatanthauza kuphimba osati kokha ma bajeti a boma komanso ndalama zowonjezereka zowonjezera, makampani olembedwa ndi boma, zowonongedwa za msonkho, ndi ndalama za boma za kumaloko.

Malamulo owonjezereka odziŵika ndi IMF Fiscal Transparency Code [FFF :1] ndi monga kuvumbula ngozi (m' lekuatiso, kudalirana kwa anthu onse) ndi kuyang'anira kwaumwini. Gulu lapamwamba lofufuza zinthu . Kufufuza kodziimira paokha monga Office ya Boma ya U.S.

Mavuto Opezera Ndalama Zosamalitsa

Ngakhale kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa n’kofunika, kutha kuoneka bwino kukhoza kulepheretsa zinthu zambiri.

  • [[FLT: 0] Kukana kwa andale: [[FT:1] Akuluakulu a boma angatsutse njira zoonekera bwino chifukwa cha kuwopa kupendedwa, kulephera kulamulira, kapena ntchito yowonjezereka yophatikizidwa m'kukonzekera chidziŵitso chotseguka. Institution inertia ndi chikhalidwe cha kubisa zingakhomerezedwe kwambiri.
  • Kuchuluka kwa chidziŵitso: Asayansi angakhale ovuta ndi ovuta kwa nzika kumvetsetsa. Zolemba za banki kaŵirikaŵiri zimatulutsa masamba mazana ambiri, odzaza ndi malamulo a kuŵerengera ndi madongosolo a zojambula. Popanda masamu, kuona, ndi kulemba mfundo, ngakhale zotsegula kwambiri sizingafikirike.
  • Umisiri wosakwanira: Kusoŵeka kwa zipangizo zamakono kungalepheretse kufalitsa chidziŵitso. Maiko ambiri otukuka kumene amadalirabe madongosolo ozikidwa pa mapepala kapena zotengera zopasuka zimene sizingalowetse mosavuta m'madoko a anthu. Kupereka ndalama m'madongosolo amakono oyendetsera ndalama (FMS) kuli kofunika kuti aonere.
  • Zisonkhezero zandale zadziko: zingatsogolere ku kuwonekera kosankha, kumene chidziŵitso chabwino chokha chimagaŵiridwa pamene chidziŵitso chomveka kapena chochititsa manyazi chikumanidwa. Maboma angachedwenso kufalitsa kuti apeŵe kuŵerengera mlandu pasadakhale masankho.
  • Kuwerenga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mipata ya pangano: Ngakhale pamene afalitsa zinthu, nzika sizingadziwe bwino kapena kulephera kuzifufuza. Popanda mabungwe a boma, mawailesi, ndi magulu a anthu ofufuza zinthu kuti afotokoze ndi kuchitapo kanthu, kuonekera kokha sikungatsimikizire kuti anthu adzayankha mlandu.
  • Nkhaŵa za kusaphunzira ndi chisungiko: Kufalitsa tsatanetsatane wa zowonongedwa kungawombane ndi chinsinsi chaumwini (m' lekuatiso, chidziŵitso cha malipiro a antchito a anthu onse) kapena chisungiko cha dziko (m’jere, kupezera chitetezo). Kulinganiza kumasuka ndi chinsinsi chalamulo kuli chipsinjo chosatha.

Zida Zophunzitsira Kugwiritsa Ntchito Njira Yoonera Zinthu

Luso la zopangapanga lakhala chipangizo champhamvu chothandizira kuwonana kwa mapulaneti, kupangitsa icho kukhala chopepuka kusonkhanitsa, kufalitsa, ndi kusanthula zowonongedwa pamlingo. Maboma kuzungulira dziko lonse akupanga zida zatsopano kuti apite ku mapulatifomu amphamvu ndi okambitsirana.

Kutsegula Zilembo ndi Mabolobodi

. Folture da Transparência [1] Ku Brazil, monga ngati [[FLT: 0] .gov [1] ku United States, [[FLT :2] Portal da Transparência [1] , ndi [FLT] Kutsegulira ndandanda ya zachuma [[FLT:] ku Ulaya] [1] Kulola nzika kufunafuna, pulogalamu, ndi kukopa ndandanda yatsatanetsatane ya mapangano a boma, kupatsa, ndi kulipira. Madoko ameneŵa amamangidwa pa mipangiko yotseka ndi mapangano amene angasinthidwe ndi maboma ena.

Kachipangizo Kofufuzira

Technology ya Blockchain imapereka mtsogoleri wosintha zinthu amene angalembe malonda onse panthaŵi yeniyeni. Pamene kuli kwakuti adakali kutengera kumbuyo kwa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za boma, ntchito za oyendetsa ndege m'maiko onga Georgia ndi Sierra Leone zagwiritsira ntchito ziwiya zamagetsi kuti apeze chithandizo ndi ndalama za anthu. Kuchuluka kwa blockchain kumapangitsa kusintha mafaelo kukhala kovuta kwambiri kusintha zolemba, zimene zimalepheretsa chinyengo.

Luso Lopanga Zinthu Ndiponso Kukonza Chinenero Chachilengedwe

Zida za jasi zingasungenso mapepala ambirimbiri a zotengera ndi mizera ya bajeti yomangira malo otsika kwambiri . Monga mitengo yapamwamba kwambiri, mapangano a zinthu, kapena malipiro kwa ogulitsa . Kukonza chilankhulo chachibadwa kungasandutsenso nkhani za ndalama zovuta kufotokoza m'zinenero zosavuta, kupangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa anthu osadziŵa.

Nzika Zimachepetsa Ntchito ndi Kugawana Gawo

Kutengamo mbali pa bajeti (PB) kumathandiza anthu kusankha mmene angagwiritsire ntchito ndalama zawo. Matauni monga New York, Paris, ndi Porto Alegre agwiritsa ntchito PB kugawira madola mamiliyoni ambiri, ndi mapulatifomu a pa Intaneti amene amalola nzika kukambirana, ndi kuvota pa maprojekiti. PB siimangowonjezera kuonekera kwa zinthu komanso imakulitsa chidaliro cha anthu ndi kutsimikizira kuti ndalama zisonyeza zinthu zofunika m’chitaganya.

Kufufuza Njira Zothandiza Kuona Malo Ooneka Bwino

Kufufuza kumeneku kukusonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zimene anthu amawononga kumathandiza kwambiri.

Kuyesa Kuona Malo: Mapikica ndi Mapikica

Kuti timvetsetse ngati kuyesayesa kwa kuwona kwa magetsi kukugwira ntchito, nkofunika kuwapima mwa kugwiritsira ntchito njira zachindunji, zofanana ndi maiko ena.

Open Open transmittery (OBS)

Bungwe la OBS likuchititsa kampani ya International Banful Pardateship (IBP), ndipo likufufuza mayiko m’mbali zitatu: kuonekera bwino (kuchuluka kwa ndandanda ya ndalama zimene zilipo), kutenga nawo mbali kwa anthu (mwanjira yoti nzika zizigwira nawo ntchito za bajeti), ndi kuyang’anira ma bajeti (mphamvu ya malamulo ndi kuŵerengera). Kufufuza kwaposachedwapaku kumakhudza mayiko oposa 120 ndi kupereka chizindikiro choonekeratu cha kusintha kwa zinthu.

Kutsegula Malo Osungira Zinthu ndi Malo Otsegulira

Bungwe lina loona za ntchito ya boma la World Wide Web Foundation linapeza kuti masamu a boma amathandiza kuti ntchitoyi itheke komanso kuti azitha kugwira ntchito.

Njira Zosonyezera Ziphuphu Padziko Lonse

Ngakhale kuti siimangodalira ndalama zokha, CPI imagwirizanitsa mwamphamvu ndi ndalama zosonyezera ndalama. Mayiko amene amawongolera kuonekera kwawo kaŵirikaŵiri amaona kuti katangale wawo akuwongokera, akutsimikizira mfundo yakuti kumasuka ndiko chida choletsa chinyengo.

Kupima Kuona Bwino Komwe (FTE)

Makhalidwe A IMF kwa maiko a m'dziko, kupereka tsatanetsatane wa kuŵerengera kwawo zosimba za ndalama, kuneneratu ndi kulinganiza ndalama, ndi kupenda zangozi. Mafufuzidwe ameneŵa amaphatikizapo zikalata zogwira ntchito zimene maboma angatsatire kuti atseke mipata yoona.

Ntchito ya Chiŵeniŵeni ndi Oulutsa Nkhani Yochirikiza Kuonana Malo

Mabungwe a boma ndi mawailesi a pa TV amathandiza kwambiri polimbikitsa anthu kuti azigwiritsa ntchito ndalama zawo pothandiza anthu.

  • Kupinga ndalama za boma: Magulu ogada monga ngati Government Accountability Project (U) kapena Social Justice Coalition (South Africa) imayendera ndalama za anthu ndi kusimba kusagwirizana kwa mabungwe ndi manyuzipepala.
  • Kuthandiza anthu kuzindikira: NGONGA zingaphunzitse nzika ponena za kuyenera kwawo kwa kupeza chidziŵitso, kuchititsa maofesi ophunzitsira kuŵerengera ndalama, ndi kuyendetsa mkupiti wa kuchotsa ndalama zolemba.
  • Kukopa kaamba ka masinthidwe a lamulo: Zikalata za mabungwe a anthu zingasonkhezere malamulo amene amapanga kuonekera kwa kuonekera, monga ngati Kuyenera kwa Chidziŵitso Machitidwe, kupeza zilolezo, ndi zofunika za kudziyendera.
  • Kukambitsirana kothandiza: Kukambitsirana pakati pa akuluakulu a boma ndi magulu a nzika , mwachitsanzo, mwa kumvetsera bajeti, maholo a tauni, kapena mapulatifomu ofunsira kwa pa Intaneti] kukhulupirira ndi kugwirizana pamene mukutsimikizira kuti ndalama zikuyendera limodzi ndi zosoŵa za anthu.
  • [[FLT: 0] Kusintha kwa manyuzipepala: [[FLT :1] Atolankhani a za ubongo amagwiritsira ntchito mapepala owonongera ndalama za anthu kufukula ziphuphu, kulephera, kapena kusasamala. Kusimba kwawo kungayambitse kufufuza kwalamulo ndi kutsogolera ku kusintha kwa malamulo. Zitsanzo zosadziŵika zimaphatikizapo International Consortivatium of Investigative Manuers (IGIJ) Panama ndi Pandora Papers, zimene zinavumbula kuulutsa kwa ndalama zobisika zogwirizanitsidwa ndi akuluakulu a boma.

Kusintha kwa Mtsogolo m’Kuwonekera Kwabwino

Zinthu zambiri zimene zayamba kuchitika zimene zimalonjeza kuti m’zaka zikubwerazi, anthu adzadziimba mlandu kwambiri poona mmene zinthu zimaonekera.

Mabajeti Owononga Nthaŵi Yeniyeni

Kupita patsogolo kwa kayendetsedwe ka zachuma tsopano kumachititsa maboma kufalitsa chidziŵitso cha maola kapena ngakhale mphindi zingapo za malonda. Maboard enieni anthaŵi yeniyeni akhala ofala m'maiko aupainiya, kutheketsa nzika kuona kuti ndi ndalama zingati zimene zawonongedwa pa ntchito ya msewu lerolino ndi zimene zinalinganizidwa kaamba ka mweziwo.

Miyezo ya Kudziŵa Zinthu ya Makina Yokhoza Kuŵerengedwa ndi Yogwirizana

Kulandira miyezo ya zolembedwa zofala [1] monga ngati Act kuti mu US kapena IMF’S Special Data Diseminaliation Standard (SDDS) [1] Mapangano akuti chidziŵitso cha makampani osiyanasiyana chingagwirizanitsidwe ndi kuyerekezeredwa. Kugwirizana kumeneku nkofunika kwambiri m'maprojekiti ambiri ndi kufufuza ziphuphu m'mayiko ambiri.

Mabajeti a Nzika ndi Kuperekako Kawonedwe

Maboma ambiri akupanga "ma bajeti okongola" , makope a mapepala a bajeti onse . Amene amagwiritsa ntchito zojambula, matebulo osavuta, ndi chinenero chosavuta. Ngati aphatikiza ndi zipangizo zothandizira ogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zimene amagwiritsira ntchito pogula zinthu zofunika kapena poyerekezera kusintha kwa misonkho, ndalama zimenezi zimasintha zinthu zimene anthu amagwiritsa ntchito popanda ntchito ndalamazo kukhala pangano lodzipereka.

Luso Lopanga Kuti Apeze Chipangizo Chodabwitsa

Maalamu a kolera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofufuza zinthu zokhala ndi mizere ya zinthu monga kugwiritsa ntchito foni, kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu zopimira, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Machenjezo oyendera makompyuta angaperekedwe ku mabungwe oyang’anira kuti aonenso mwamsanga. Pamene makampani akusintha, kukhoza kuzindikira ndi kuletsa ziphuphu m’nthaŵi yeniyeni kudzakhala kwamphamvu kwambiri.

Kuthandiza Kupeza Thandizo ndi Kusintha kwa Nyengo

Chithandizo cha padziko lonse ndi kuyenda kwa zanyengo zimaphatikizapo anthu ambiri opanga mafilimu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ndalama zotsala kulowa m'dziko ndi ndalama zotsala.

Kumaliza

Kuona ndalama zimene anthu amawononga n’kofunika kwambiri potsimikizira kuti ndi udindo wa boma ndiponso kudalirana pakati pa maboma ndi nzika. Mwakutsatira mfundo zofunika kwambiri . Kupezeka, kupezeka, nthaŵi, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamakono, ndi mwa kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono, maboma angapange masinthidwe otseguka ndi otha ntchito. Kugonjetsa kulephera kwa mabodza, kupititsa patsogolo kulemba ndi kulemba zinthu, ndi kusamalira nkhani zachinsinsi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, koma umboni umasonyeza kuti kuwala kumapindulitsa pochepetsa chiphuphu, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito, ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito kwa demokrase kwamphamvu.

Ntchito ya chitaganya cha anthu, aulutsi, ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse njofunika kwambiri kuchirikiza. Zimapereka kufufuza, kugwiritsa ntchito maluso, ndi kuchirikiza zinthu zimene zimasintha zinthu kukhala zoŵerengera. Pamene lipoti lenileni, A, ndi bajeti yopereka ndalama zambiri zikufalikira, masomphenya a boma looneka bwino kwambiri.

Kwa maboma amene angoyamba ulendowu, njira ya kutsogolo njabwino: kuyamba ndi chofalitsa chochuluka, chojambula ndi ndandanda zonse za zoikamo ndalama; kuikizira zida ndi maphunziro a nzika; ndi kupanga malamulo amene amalamulira kumasuka ndi kutetezera oimba khwekhwe. Chikalata cha Fiscal si kukonzanso kwa kanthaŵi koma chitsimikizo chosatha kulola kuunika kuwala kuwala pa mtengo uliwonse umene anthu onse awononga.