Mphamvu Yosagwiritsidwa Ntchito ya Zosankha Zakumaloko

Pamene kuli kwakuti masankho adziko amalamulira nyuzi ndi kuyang'anira kwa anthu onse, masankho a kumaloko amapereka chisonkhezero chabata koma chachikulu mofananacho pa malamulo ndi malamulo amene amaumba moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Mameya a sukulu, a meya, a bungwe la mizinda, akuluakulu a boma, ndi maloya achigawo amapanga zosankha zimene zimayambukira mwachindunji mkhalidwe wa maphunziro, chisungiko cha anthu, kuthekera kwa nyumba, ndi misonkho ya kumaloko. Zosankha zimenezi sizimalekeka ku mzinda kapena mzera wa chigawo. Iwo kaŵirikaŵiri amatumikira monga maziko oyesera malamulo amene pambuyo pake amafikira ku boma ndi mlingo wa boma. Kumvetsetsa zimenezi kuli kofunika kwa nzika iriyonse imene ikufuna kuona mapindu awo akusonyezedwa m’manja pamlingo uliwonse.

Voter pogawa m'masankho a kumaloko n’ngochepa kwambiri. M’mizinda yambiri ya ku United States, osakwana 20 peresenti a ovota oyenerera amaponya mavoti m'masankho a boma, poyerekezera ndi 60 peresenti m'masankho a pulezidenti. Kutenga nawo mbali kochepa kumeneku kumatanthauza kuti kagulu kakang'ono, kosonkhezeredwa kangapereke malamulo oyenerera. Chotulukapo nchakuti masankhoti a kumaloko angakhale mphamvu kwambiri kuti asinthe / kapena achotseretu zinthu. Kuzindikira kufunika kwawo ndiko kuyamba kukhala nzika yoikizidwa.

Kufunika kwa Kusankha Moyo wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku wa M’deralo

Maboma a m’derali ali ndi udindo wothandiza anthu amene akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Amayang’anira sukulu za boma, apolisi ndi madipatimenti ozimitsa moto, mapaki, malaibulale, misewu ya anthu onse. Amakhazikitsanso misonkho ya katundu, amaonetsetsa kuti malamulo a za kumanga ayendetsedwe, ndiponso amasankha mmene angaperekere ndalama za boma ndi za boma. Anthu osankhidwa ku malo ameneŵa amapanga zosankha zimene zimakhudza moyo wa m’deralo.

  • Makomiti a sukulu amasankha maphunziro, miyezo ya ntchito ya aphunzitsi, ndi bajeti.
  • Mabungwe a m’mizinda amavomereza kuti pakhale kusintha kwa malo kumene kumakhudza kutukuka kwa nyumba ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu okhala m’deralo.
  • Makomiti a m’chigawocho amayang’anira madipatimenti a zaumoyo wa anthu onse ndi mautumiki a zachikhalidwe.
  • Oimira boma asankha mmene angaweruzire milandu, kupangitsa kuti milandu ya m’deralo ikhale yokhudzana ndi milandu.

Chifukwa chakuti maofesi akwanuko kaŵirikaŵiri samapanga mapeto kapena samakhala opatukira m'chilengedwe, angakope oyembekezera kukhala ndi malingaliro atsopano kapena mapulatifomu amodzi. Zimenezi zimawapangitsa kukhala malo abwino oyesera malamulo. Mzinda umene umagwiritsira ntchito bwino programu yapadziko lonse yapasadakhale kapena ntchito yapolisi ya chitaganya umakhala wofufuza mlandu kwa opanga malamulo a boma ofunafuna mayankho.

M’munsi, Matapi Aakulu

Kusiyana pakati pa kufunika kwa masankho ndi kuvota n’koonekeratu. Malinga ndi zimene anapeza kuchokera ku Center Research , 20 peresenti yokha ya osankhidwa oyenerera anapezeka pa masankho 2021 a m'mizinda 10 yaikulu kwambiri ya U.S. . M’madera aang'ono, kubwerera kukhoza kuloŵa m'gulu limodzi. Pamene kubwererako kuli kochepa, votorate imakhala yaikulu, woyera, ndi olemera kuposa chitaganya chonse. Makampani ameneŵa angatulutse malamulo amene amasonyeza kufunika kwa malo oyamba a anthu, monga ndalama zapolisi m’malo mwa kuwonjezera ndalama za makampani, kapena kuchepetsa malo osungirako a anthu.

Njira Yochokera ku Boma Kunka ku Lamulo

Maboma a m’deralo kaŵirikaŵiri amagwira ntchito monga malabolala a malamulo. Ngati mzinda kapena chigawo chako chitengera njira yatsopano . Kaya pa malipiro ochepa, malamulo a malo okhala, kapena chiweruzo chaupandu chimapangitsa kuyesa kwenikweni kwa dziko. Ngati lamulolo lipambana, lingapangitse mphamvu ya kutengera ku mlingo wa boma. Ngati lephera, amapereka chidziŵitso cha chenjezo. Mphamvu imeneyi imawoneka makamaka m'malo a malamulo a malipiro, thanzi la anthu, ndi malo ogwiritsiridwa ntchito.

Magulu Ochepa Omwe Amayenda

Mu 2014, Seattle anakhala mmodzi wa mizinda yoyamba ya United States kulandira malipiro a $15per76 otsika kwambiri. Kusamukako kunabuka, ndipo anthu otsutsa anachenjeza za kuwonongeka kwa ntchito. Patapita nthaŵi, kafukufuku anasonyeza kuti malipiro owonjezereka a antchito a anthu ochepa apantchito popanda kuchuluka kwa ntchito zimene otsutsa ananeneratu. Kupambana kwa malamulo a Seattle kunachititsa kuti Seattle ayende m’mizinda ina, kuphatikizapo San Francisco, Los Angeles, ndi New York. Pofika 2025, mayiko oposa 40 apeza malipiro ochepa kapena ali ndi ndalama zimene amayendera mwachindunji kuchokera ku kafukufuku a m'deralo. Zimenezi n’zimene zimachitika . Kupambana kwa Seattle , kutsati boma limodzi ndi boma, kuphatikizapo kusankhidwa kwa boma, kuphatikizanso kwa boma.

Kusintha Zinthu pa Nyumba

Malamulo a kumaloko ali ndi chiyambukiro chachikulu pa kupezedwa kwa nyumba. Matauni onga Minneapolis ndi Portland atsogolera njira mwa kuchotsa nyumba imodzi 76 zokhalamo, kulola zigawo zitatu ndi magawo atatu m'malo osungira nyumba zopatuka. Masinthidwe ameneŵa adabadwa kuchokera ku masankho a kumaloko amene oyembekezera kutsutsa zikondwerero za eni nyumba. Chipambano chawo chasonkhezera boma ku Oregon, California, ndi Washington kulingalira za kukonzanso zinthu. Chotulukapo nchakuti chigamulo chapangidwa ndi bungwe la mzinda umodzi mumzindawo, chingagwedeze, kusintha malo okhala anthu mamiliyoni ambiri.

Lamulo la Umoyo Wapoyera ndi la Malo Okhala

Maboma akumeneko amapanganso njira zaumoyo wa anthu. Mliri wa COVID , mizinda ndi mayeso oikidwiratu zoletsa kubisa, kutsekedwa kwa mabizinesi, ndi ziyeneretso za katemera asanachitidwe ndi boma. Mofananamo, ziletso za kumaloko pa mapulasitiki limodzi ndi polytyrene zafalikira kuchokera ku mizinda monga San Francisco ndi Portland kukhala lamulo la boma m'zigawo zingapo. Britishing Institutions Institutions [

Mmene Zigamulo za M’deralo Zimakhudzira Ndale Zadziko

Kugwirizana pakati pa masankho a kumaloko ndi malamulo a dziko sikunalunjike kwambiri koma n’kwamphamvu mofanana. Maofesi a m'madera amaloko amatumikira monga ntchito yotsegulira ntchito zandale. Mamembala ambiri a Congress amene kale anali m'boma kapena m'malo akwawo. Malamulo amene amayambitsa kaŵirikaŵiri amapita ku ntchito yawo ku Washington. Ndiponso, masankho a m'malo a kumaloko angasinthe kulembedwa kwa nthumwi za maganizo a boma, kukhudza zotsatira zake pankhani monga za zaumoyo, kusamukira m'dziko, ndi zoyenera za anthu.

Kapule wa ku Candidate

Malinga ndi Ballottedia , pafupifupi 60 peresenti ya ziŵalo zamakono za nyumba ya United States kalelo zinatumikira m'nyumba yalamulo ya boma, ndipo ambiri a iwo anayamba ntchito zawo pa mabungwe a mzinda kapena makhoti a boma. Chilakiko cha chisankho cha kumaloko chimapereka dzina, kupereka ndalama zothandizira makampani, ndi zokumana nazo zolamulira zofunika kutsogolera ku malo apamwamba. Malamulo ochirikiza a mpikisano pamlingo wa kumaloko amakhala mbali ya mbiri yawo ndi kulinganiza mbiri yawo. Mwachitsanzo, meya amene amachepetsa mwachipambano kusoŵa nyumba mwa njira yoyamba ya nyumba angagwiritsire ntchito chipambacho kuchirikiza malamulo a boma ofanana.

Magulu Ochititsa Chidwi ndi Ausinkhu wa Dziko

Magulu ambiri a m'dziko anayamba kukhazikitsa malamulo a boma. Kukakamiza anthu kuti asinthe milandu kunayambika ndi masankho amene anapangitsa oweruza osintha kusintha kusintha kukhala olamulira m’mizinda monga Philadelphia, San Francisco, ndi Chicago. Maloya a chigawo ameneŵa anasintha machitachita ozembera, kuchepetsa ndalama zoyendetsera ndende, ndi kutha kuyambitsa chitsanzo chimene chinakopa anthu a m'dzikolo. Mofananamo, bungwe la anthu opanga malamulo a m'dzikolo laona kuti likudutsa “mzinda wa Filadelphia, ndi wodwalitsira odwala, monga momwe malamulo a boma ndi a boma amaletsera kulowa.

Kusintha Chipani cha Dziko Kusintha Zochita Zake

Chisankho cha dzikolo chingasinthenso zinthu za ndale posintha maulamuliro a chipani. Pamene chipani chilephera kuyenderana ndi mafuko a kumaloko, kaŵirikaŵiri chimachititsa nyengo ya kupenda ndi kutsendereza chigawo. Party ya Republican Party imaganizira za chisankho chaposachedwapa cha boma ndi cha kumaloko, kudzera m'masewera monga REDMAP, kuonetsa mmene kulamulira malamulo a boma kungathere ku gerryman coligational ndi kuteteza anthu ambiri a dzikolo.

Zitsanzo Zenizeni za Kuyambukiridwa kwa Malo

Kupenda nkhani zenizeni kumamveketsa bwino kuchuluka kwa chisonkhezero kuchokera m’bokosi la mapepala a kumaloko kufikira ku boma ndi lamulo la dziko.

Galimoto Yochepa Kwambiri ya ku Seattle: Kuchokera ku Nyumba ya Mzinda Kukafika ku Boma la Capitol

Kusamuka kwa Seattle ku malipiro ocheperapo mu 2014 kunali chimodzi cha zofufuza zakale kwambiri zakumaloko ndi zapafupi kwambiri. Ofufuza a pa University of Washington anapeza kuti lamulolo linakweza malipiro a antchito ochepa olandira antchito popanda kutayikiridwa ntchito kwakukulu, ngakhale kuti zina zowongolera zinachitikira. Kupambanako kunali kokulira kwakuti ndawala ya malipiro apamwamba kwambiri inayamba m'mizinda ina yambiri. Pafupifupi zaka khumi, linayamba monga New York, California, ndi Massachusetts adalandira malipiro a dzikolo $15, ndipo mkangano wa boma unayambira “mwamsanga. [1] Bungwe la 2019 la Pal Pal Act , lomwe linadutsa Nyumba ya Nyumba koma inatsatiridwa m'banja, anatchula kuti kupambana kwa dzikolo lokhala ngati kulungamitsa ndalama zokwana $15.

Chiletso cha M’dera la San Francisco: Chiganizo cha M’deralo Chomwe Chinafalikira Padziko Lonse

Mu 2007, mzinda wa San Francisco unakhala woyamba kuletsa matumba apulasitiki. Lamuloli linali lokhudza zinyalala ndi kuwononga malo. Otsutsa ananeneratu kuti anthu agula zinthu zowonongeka, koma chiletsocho chinatchuka ndipo chinakopedwa mwamsanga ndi mizinda monga Los Angeles, Chicago, ndi Washington, D.C. Pofika mu 2014, mayiko angapo anali ataletsa ntchito zawo, ndipo mayiko a ku Ulaya anatsatira lamulo loti mayiko a m’mayiko a m’dzikolo azichepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki. Masiku ano, mayiko oposa 100 ali ndi malamulo a pepala la pulasitiki, ambiri ayambiranso ku kampani ya ku Holy Francisco Board ya Supervis. Bungwe la San Francisco Board la Greatvis logalamulitsira zile za bomalo zimene zinaletsa anthu ku California.

Chilungamo Chakumene Amachita Zaupandu Chisintha: Woweruza Waku Philadelphia Wopita Patsogolo

Mu 2017, Philadelphia anasankha Larry Krasner kukhala loya wachigawo pa malo operekera milandu yaupandu. Krasner anamaliza chikole cha ndalama za milandu yopanda chiwawa, kuchepetsa zigamulo za mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi kupanga chigamulo chodalirika. Malamulo ake anasuliza kwambiri mabungwe a apolisi komanso anachepetsa kwambiri anthu a m’ndende ya mzindawo ndi kusiyana kwa mafuko awo pomangidwa. Njira ya Krasner inagwiridwa ndi oimira boma m’mizinda monga Boston, Houston, ndi St. Louis. Masankho ameneŵa anathandizira kukambirana kwa dziko lonse ponena za kumangidwa kwa anthu ambiri ndi kulimbikitsa lamulo la boma lonse pa chiwongola ndi kusiyanitsa mitundu m'kachitidwe koyamba ka 2018.

Kusankha kwa Boma la Sukulu ndi Nkhondo za Maphunziro a Dziko

Chisankho cha bungwe la sukulu 2021 chinakhala chodziŵira za maphunziro a maphunziro, tchulidwe, ndi fuko. Mu Virginia, fuko la kazembeyo linasonkhezeredwa kwambiri ndi kuyang'anira kwa bungwe la sukulu lakumaloko kwa kutsutsana kwa mafuko. Nkhondo zofananazo ku Florida zinatsogolera ku kudutsa kwa Parencal Rights in Education Act, imene inaletsa malangizo a m'kalasi onena za mkhalidwe wa kugonana ndi chiyero cha mwamuna. Gulu la sukulu [1] kaŵirikaŵiri losankhidwa kukhala bwalo la nkhondo la chikhalidwe cha dziko. Monga chotulukapo chake, maboma ambiri anakhazikitsa malamulo olangiza mmene masukulu amaphunzitsa za fuko ndi mbiri yakale, ndi kutsutsana zikalata za lamulo pa zoyenera za makolo ndi kuonekera bwino kwa kugonana.

Ntchito ya Mtolankhani Wopanga Nawo Kantchito Kosokoneza

Wovota wotsika pa chisankho cha kumaloko amagwirizanitsa chisonkhezero cha magulu achifuniro olinganizidwa ndi nzika za anthu opeza ndalama zambiri. Pamene osankha ambiri akukhala panyumba, zosankha zimapangidwa ndi anthu ochepa chabe. Lamulo lamphamvu limeneli lili ndi ziyambukiro za lamulo lakonse.

  • Kutsika kwa malo otsika kumapindulitsa anthu amene ali ndi vuto, kumachititsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti maganizo atsopano aloŵe m’dongosololo.
  • A eni katundu ndi anthu amene amagulitsa katundu wawo kaŵirikaŵiri amavota pamlingo wapamwamba, akumakakamiza lamulo la kuchepetsa msonkho ndi kuletsa lamulo.
  • Malo ochitira voti a sukulu amatengedwa ndi makolo, pamene kuli kwakuti obwereka nyumba ndi ovota achichepere amaperekedwa.

Pamene kukwera kwa mavoti kukuwonjezeka, malamulo asintha. Kufufuza kwa National Conference of State Legislatures [1] Kunapeza kuti mizinda yokhala ndi ovota owonjezereka m'masankho a boma inali yothekera kwambiri kupezera ndalama zopezera nyumba zokhoza kugula, kutumiza anthu, ndi maprogramu a zaumoyo. Komanso, mizinda yaing'ono ya 93gagalamu yowonongedwa pa ntchito zaupolisi ndi ntchito zapamwamba zovomerezedwa ndi makampani. Phunziro nlowonekera bwino: amene amavota zinthu monga nthaŵi yake kapena kuti ndi motani.

Kuthandiza Anthu Okhala M’malo Omwe Amakhala

Anthu a m’mayiko ena akamachita masankho, amatha kuchita zinthu zina kuti amve mawu awo.

  • [[FLT: 0] Phunzirani nokha. Pitani ku misonkhano ya m'mizinda, ŵerengani mapepala ofunsira, ndi kutsatira mbiri ya kumaloko. Mawebusaiti osapanga phindu monga Ballot Early [ akupereka chidziŵitso chosapereka magawo pa oyembekezera kubatizidwa ndi miyeso.
  • Kuvota m'masankho alionse. Masankho ambiri a kumaloko amachitika pa ma ûayers kapena pa madeti opatuka pa masankho a onse a November. Pezani ofesi ya chisankho cha boma lanu kaamba ka kalendala yonse.
  • Kugwirizana ndi magulu a chitaganya. Magulu onga League of Women Voters, mitu yakwanuko ya Indipedifica, kapena mayanjano a m'dera amayesetsa kupititsa patsogolo kutsegula ndi kudziŵitsa ovota.
  • Ganizirani kuthamangira ntchito. [[FLT :1] Ngati muwona mpata m'zoimira kapena nkhani imene imafunikira chisamaliro, maofesi a kumaloko ngofikirika / palibe chidziŵitso cha ndale zadziko chisanadze chimene chimafunikira kaamba ka malo ambiri.
  • Kuthandiza masankho oyenera. Masitepe ochirikiza amene amapangitsa kuvota kukhala kosavuta, monga kulembetsa tsiku la 76, makalata 76in bolot, ndi ziŵiya za zinenero zambiri.

Kumaliza: Mtengo wa Malowo Uli ndi Chisonkhezero cha Dziko Lonse

Lingaliro lakuti masankho a kumaloko saali vuto limene limafooketsa demokrase. Bungwe lililonse la sukulu, bungwe la mzinda, ndi likulu la boma ndi likulu la boma ndi lingasinthe lamulo la boma ndi la dziko. Kuchokera pa malipiro ochepa kuti asinthe nyengo, chiweruzo cha apandu ku maphunziro, malamulo atsopano kwambiri ndi osonkhezera kwambiri amayamba ndi mavoti angapo m'masankho a kumaloko. Nzika zimene zimakhala panyumba pa tsiku la chisankhomatiki zimataya mphamvu zawo kuti zipange mtsogolo. Amene amaonetsa kuti ofunsirawo, ovota, ovota, ndi kuti asankhe akuluakulu adziŵerengera. Osankha a dzikolo kaŵirikaŵiri sachita pulogalamu ya dzikolo. Chisankhocho si kuonetsa. Ndi chipangizo chachikulu cha kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka masankho mu United States, ndipo n’ko kuyenera kuyangiza anthu onse.