Kumvetsa Udindo wa Anthu Okhometsa Msonkho M’mabizinesi

Zisonkhezero za msonkho za kumaloko ziri zina za ziŵiya zogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri m'zipangizo za kutsungula kwa chuma. Maboma a mizinda ndi achigawo ku United States ndi kuzungulira dziko lonse amatumiza msonkho wa katundu, kulanditsa msonkho wa katundu, kulipira msonkho wa ndalama, ndi zisonkhezero zina zosonkhezera kukopa makampani atsopano kapena kulimbikitsa amene alipo kufutukuka. Kodi malingaliro oyenera akukakamiza: mwakuchepetsa msonkho wa kampani, ulamuliro ungachepetse ndalama zokwera za ntchito, malo, kapena makampani, kupangitsa kuti ikhale malo okongola kwambiri kaamba ka kusungitsa ndalama? Koma kodi zisonkhetso zimenezi nzothandiza motani?

Kuti tiyankhe mafunso amenewo, tifunikira kupenda umboni wa kusamukanso kwa malonda ndi zosankha zofutukula, kapangidwe ka maprogramu osonkhezera kutero, ndi ziyambukiro zazikulu za chuma. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwachidule mmene ntchito ya msonkho ya kumaloko imagwirira ntchito, ziyambukiro zake zolembedwa pa mkhalidwe wa bizinesi, ndi kupenda malamulo kumene kungawonjezere mapindu pamene kukuchepetsa ngozi.

Kufotokoza Msonkho wa M’deralo: Mitundu ndi Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito

Kumvetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya misonkho n’kofunika kwambiri kuti tidziwe mmene ikukhudzira.

Kukhometsa Msonkho wa Malo

Chimodzi cha zisonkhezero zofala kwambiri, msonkho wa katundu umachepetsa kapena kuchotsa msonkho wa katundu kampani ikakhoza kulipira pa kuikizira chuma chatsopano m'mafake, makina, kapena zipangizo. Mabatekiti ameneŵa amagwiritsiridwa ntchito kaŵirikaŵiri kukopa malo opangira kapena malo operekera katundu amene amafuna ndalama zazikulu. Mwachitsanzo, mzinda ungapereke ndalama zolipirira katundu wa zaka 10, kumene kutsika kwa msonkho kumatsika chaka chilichonse, kupereka nthaŵi ya bizinesiyo kuti ikhale ya phindu isanalipirire ndalama zokwanira.

Apereka Msonkho

Maboma ambiri amaletsa makampani kupereka msonkho pa kugula zipangizo, zipangizo zomangira, kapena zinthu zina zogwiritsidwa ntchito pofutukula kapena potumiza anthu kudziko lina. Zimenezi zimachepetsa mtengo wa ndalama zoikidwiratu za malikulu ndipo zingachititse malo a makampani a likulu kukhala opikisana kwambiri monga ngati kuyendetsa galimoto, kukonza galimoto, kapena kupanganso mphamvu zamagetsi.

Mphoto Zolandira Msonkho

Boma ndi boma la kumaloko kaŵirikaŵiri limapatsa ngongole za msonkho wa ndalama zoloŵetsedwa m'ntchito, malipiro a pepala, kapena kufufuzidwa ndi zitukuko. Mangawa ameneŵa amachepetsa mwachindunji msonkho wa bizinesi, kaŵirikaŵiri ndi njira ya job imodzi kapena imodzi yokha. Ngongo ya ngongole ina njoŵerengeka, kutanthauza kuti boma limatumiza cheke ngati ngongoleyo ikuposa msonkho wake.

Kupereka Msonkho (TIFF)

Ngakhale kuti njira ya zandalama imakhala yothandiza kuti ndalama zisamathere msonkho, SIF imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuchirikiza malonda m’madera osankhidwa. Pansi pa TIFT, kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama zoyendetsera katundu zimene zapangidwa mwa kukonzanso zinthu zatsopano kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kulipira kupititsa patsogolo zinthu za boma, monga misewu, zipangizo zothandizira kuyendetsa galimoto, kapena magalaji oimika galimoto, zimene zimapindulitsa bizinesiyo. Makampani salandira chipukutiro cha msonkho pa chigawo chimodzi chokha, koma malonda a boma amachepetsa kukwera kwake.

Malamulo Ena Ochititsa Chidwi

Malo ena amapereka ndalama zolipirira (m' lekuatiso la magetsi operekera chilolezo), misonkho pa mapepala a ndalama kapena katundu wa munthu, kapena ndalama zotsimikizira kuti apereka msonkho kwa nyengo yoikika. Kulowa m'madera ozungulira, malo osungirako mwayi, ndi madera achilendo amathandizanso kulipira msonkho kwa mabizinesi okhala m’madera osankhidwa.

Mmene Msonkho Umathandizira Mabizinesi Kusintha Zinthu

Kampani ikasankha kusamuka / kaya isuntha likulu lake, fakitale yopanga zinthu, kapena malo operekera katundu, imalemera zinthu zambiri. Msonkho ndi wofunika, koma siimakhala yokha kapena ngakhale yotchuka. Malinga ndi kufufuza kwa akuluakulu a makampani osankha malo, zinthu zazikulu zimene zikuphatikizapo:

  • Kupeza anthu ogwira ntchito aluso
  • Kukonda makasitomala ndi ogulitsa zinthu
  • Nyumba za zoyendera (m’misewu, m’madoko, m’mabwalo a ndege, m’njanji)
  • Malo ovuta ndi kulola kuti magalimoto azilowa
  • Ndalama zowonongedwa ndi nyumba ndi kumanga
  • Moyo wabwino kwa antchito (masukulu, nyumba, ndi zosangulutsa)
  • Kupezeka kwa zinthu zolimbikitsa anthu kulipira msonkho wa m’mabizinesi

Zisonkhezero za msonkho zingasinthe kawiri kapena kuposapo pamene malo ake ali ofanana. Mwachitsanzo, kampani imene ikulingalira za fakitale yatsopano yopanga ku Southeast United States ingapeze kuti Tennessee ndi South Carolina amapereka ndalama zotsika zofananazo za ntchito, zogwiritsira ntchito bwino, ndi malamulo oyenera a ntchito. M’chochitika chimenecho, msonkho wa katundu wochuluka kapena ngongole ya ntchito ku chigawo china cha United States ungakhale chosankha.

Kufufuza kokhazikika kumasonyeza kuti zisonkhezero zimakhudza kwambiri ntchito za likulu, zapamwamba zamphamvu zimene zimayenda [1] kutanthauza kuti kampaniyo ikulemeradi maiko ambiri kapena mayiko. Kwa mabizinesi aang'ono, okhala ndi moyo kwaakazi amene achokera m'mudzi, zisonkhezero zingakhale ndi chisonkhezero chochepera pa kusamuka koma zikhoza kukhala ndi kanthu kena pa zosankha zowonjezera.

Kupenda Nkhani: Kufufuza kwa ku Amazon

Mpikisano wapamwamba wa malikulu achiŵiri a Amazon (HQ2) mu 2017 - 2018 anasonyeza bwino lomwe ntchito ya zisonkhezero za msonkho za kumaloko posamuka. Amazon anaitanidwa kuchokera ku mizinda ku North America ndi kulandira mayeso 238, ambiri akumapereka mabiliyoni a madola m'zisonkhezero. Potsirizira pake, Amazon anasankha kugaŵikana pakati pa Arlington, Virginia, ndi Long Island City, New York, ndi chopereka chapambuyocho chikuyerekezeredwa kukhala $3 biliyoni m'boma ndi m'malo akwawo. Komabe, pambuyo pa kubwerera kwa anthu onse, Amazon anachoka ku New York, akutchula chitsutso. Nkhaniyo inasonyeza mphamvu ndi ngozi zonse ziŵiri za ndale za kugwiritsira ntchito zisonkhetso zazikulu za bungwe la opanga makampani.

Mmene Msonkho Umachirikizira Kufutukuka kwa Malonda

Kuposa kusamuka, zisonkhezero za msonkho zingalimbikitse mabizinesi amene alipowo kufutukula ntchito m'dziko lawo lamakono. Kaŵirikaŵiri kumeneku kuli kugwiritsira ntchito kosatsutsana chifukwa chakuti bizinesiyo iri ndi mbiri yolembedwa kale m'chitaganya, ndipo kusungidwa kwa ntchito ndi kuikizira ndalama kukuwonedwa kukhala phindu lachindunji. Zochitika zofala zikuphatikizapo:

  • Kumanga nyumba yatsopano yosungiramo katundu kapena kuwonjezerapo
  • Malo opangira makompyuta a R&D amakwezedwa ndi zinthu zatsopano
  • Malikulu a kampani awonjezera ndalama zimene ntchito za kampani zimalipirira
  • Kukonzanso zipangizo zimene zilipo kuti ziyambe kupanga zipangizo zamakono

Maprogramu olinganizidwa kaamba ka kufutukuka amagwirizanitsa phindu ku zotulukapo zenizeni, zotsimikizira , monga ngati kupanga chiŵerengero chochepera cha ntchito kapena kupanga kuikizira kwamalikulu kochepera. Zosonkhezera za ntchito, zimene zimafuna mabizinesi kukwaniritsa zipambano zokwanira, kuchepetsa upandu wa kupereka ndalama za msonkho popanda kubweza.

Chitsanzo: Nyumba ya Tesla ku Nevada

Pamene Tesla anasankha kumanga Gigafactory yake yoyamba kuti ipange mabatire, adasankha malo kunja kwa Reno, Nevada, atalandira chikopa chamtengo pafupifupi $1.3 biliyoni zaka zoposa 20, kuphatikizapo 100 100 za ndalama zogulitsira ndi kugwiritsira ntchito misonkho ya zipangizo ndi katundu wa zaka 10 kulipira ndalama. Pobwerera, Tesla anadzipereka kupanga ntchito 6,500 ndi kuwonjezera ndalama zokwana madola 5. Pofika 2023, fakitaleyo inali itagwiritsa ntchito anthu oposa 11,000 ndi kuyambitsa kusintha kwa chuma kumpoto kwa Nevada. Zimenezi zikusonyeza mmene chikalata chosonyeza bwino chothandizira chitukuko chingapangire ndi chitukuko.

Phindu Lomwe Anthu Angapeze

Pamene zisonkhezero za msonkho za kumaloko zigwiritsiridwa ntchito mwadongosolo ndi kuikidwa pamodzi ndi njira zamphamvu zodziŵerengera mlandu, zingatulutse zotulukapo zabwino kwa anthu ogonera. Mapindu otchulidwa kaŵirikaŵiri amaphatikizapo:

Chilengedwe ndi Kukula kwa Ntchito

Makampani atsopano kapena ofutukuka amalemba ntchito antchito akumaloko, kuchepetsa ulova ndi kukweza ndalama za banja. Mkupita kwanthaŵi, zimenezi zingawonjezere malo a msonkho akumaloko mwa malipiro ndi misonkho yogulitsa, kuchepetsa mtengo wa chisonkhezero. Kuwonjezera apo, mapangano ambiri osonkhezera ntchito amaphatikizapo zofunika za kuphunzitsa antchito, kuthandiza nzika kupeza maluso amene amawongolera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthaŵi yaitali.

Kuthetsa Magaŵano Azachuma

Magulu amene amadalira kwambiri makampani amodzi (mwachitsanzo, migodi ya malasha, ulimi, kapena maulendo) angagwiritse ntchito zinthu zokopa mabizinesi a m’madera ena, kuchepetsako kuwonongeka kwa zinthu za m’madera ena. Kampani ya zaumisiri imene ikupita ku madera akumidzi kapena ku mizinda yomwe kale inkapanga zinthu ingathandize kukhazikitsa chuma cha m’dzikolo.

Zotsatirapo za Kusintha Zinthu ndi Zowononga

Kupanga malonda aakulu kaŵirikaŵiri kumayambitsa kuwongolera zinthu za anthu ndi magetsi , kufutukuka kwa kampani, kuwongolera magetsi, kumene kumapindulitsa chitaganya chonse. Kuwonjezerapo, kufika kwa wolemba ntchito wamkulu kungakope ogulitsa katundu, opereka utumiki, ndi mabizinesi ena, kukuchititsa kuchuluka kwa. Bungwe la Economic Development Administration la United States likusimba kuti ntchito iliyonse yopanga ingachirikize pakati pa 1.5 ndi 3 ntchito zowonjezereka m'zachuma cha kumaloko kupyolera mwa kugula ndi ziyambukiro zowonongedwa ndi kugula.

Kuwonjezera Makhalidwe a Makhalidwe a Malo ndi Maziko a Msonkho

Ngakhale atapereka msonkho wa katundu, mtengo wa malo ndi kuwongoleredwa kopangidwa ndi bizinesi yatsopano zingadzutse makhalidwe opimira pa nyengo yaitali. Nyengo ya kugulitsa ndalama zikatha, anthu akukhala ndi ndalama za msonkho kuchokera ku chuma chapamwamba. Panthaŵi ino, kuchuluka kwa malonda ndi malo enieni kukhoza kukweza mtengo wa katundu m'dera lonselo, kuwonjezera ndalama za msonkho wa masukulu ndi mautumiki a boma.

Mavuto ndi Kusulizidwa kwa Ochirikiza Msonkho Akumaloko

Ngakhale kuti zinthu zikhoza kuyenda bwino chonchi, kafukufuku wochuluka ndiponso kupenda malamulo akudetsa nkhawa kwambiri za mmene malamulo a m’dzikolo amathandizira anthu kupereka msonkho.

“ Chopinga cha Kunsi”

Pamene maulamuliro osiyanasiyana apikisana pa ntchito ya bizinesi imodzimodziyo, iwo angawonjezere phindu la zisonkhezero za kupambana. Mpikisano umenewu ungawononge malo onse a msonkho, kukakamiza maboma kudula mautumiki kapena kukweza misonkho pa nzika ndi mabizinesi aang'ono omwe sangakambirane malonda ofanana. Kufufuza kochititsa kaso kochitidwa ndi Uppihn Institute kunapeza kuti chisonkhezero cha boma ndi malonda a kumaloko pamodzi chimatenga U.S. $50 kufikira $70,000,000 pachaka, popanda umboni wowonekera wakuti iwo amawonjezera kukula kwa chuma cha dziko lonse.

Zovuta Kumvetsa

Mapangano ambiri osonkhezera alephera kupanga ntchito zoyembekezeredwa kapena zoikizira. Zina zikanakhala zitachitika, kutanthauza kuti boma linapereka ndalama zopindulira popanda phindu la mtokoma. Economist imatcha “kutayikiridwa ndi kulemera. [1] Kusanthula kwa programu ya chisonkhezero cha msonkho ya boma kwa opanga ndege za m'mlengalenga kwapeza kuti ntchito zambiri zonena za kulenga zinaikidwa mopambanitsa kapena zozikidwa pa maprojekiti omwe adawakonzekera kale popanda chisonkhezero. Kupenda koyenera kumafuna “ko kokha kaamba ka" kuyesa [1]

Kusakondera

Zisonkhezero zazikulu zimapindulitsa kwambiri makampani olemera ndi osunga ndalama, pamene kuli kwakuti mtengo wake umagulitsidwa ndi okhoma misonkho akumaloko, kuphatikizapo a m'gawo lotsika ndi la anthu olandira ndalama. Pamene chigawo cha sukulu chitaya ndalama za msonkho chifukwa cha ndalama za banki, kungavute kupezera ndalama m'makalasi. Kufufuza kwina kwasonyeza kuti zisonkhezero zimayanja ntchito m'madera otukuka kale, kufutukuka kwa kusiyana kwa m'madera ena.

Kusoŵa Kuona Bwino ndi Kuŵerengeredwa Mlandu

Kukambitsirana kwapansipansi kaŵirikaŵiri kumachitika kuseri kwa zitseko, ndi chidziŵitso chochepa cha anthu. Mawu padera monga ngati mapulogalamu a calback (amene amafuna kampani kubwezera zisonkhezero ngati siikwaniritsa zoikizira) [1] Zochuluka ndipo nthaŵi zina zofooka. Lipoti lolembedwa ndi Good Jobs First linapeza kuti pafupifupi 40% ya boma ndi zisonkhezero za kumaloko sizinali zofunika zenizeni za ntchito, ndipo ngakhale pamene zifuno zinalipo, kusungitsa kunali kotsutsana.

Maseŵero Abwino Kwambiri Opangira Mapulogalamu Othandiza Kwambiri

Kuti awonjezere mphamvu ya misonkho ya kumaloko pamene akuchepetsa ngozi, opanga malamulo ayenera kutsatira njira zoperekera umboni wabwino kwambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

Kachilombo Kochititsa Chidwi

Chivomerezo chirichonse chiyenera kuphatikizapo makonzedwe amphamvu a kubwezera chisonkhezero ngati chilephera kukwaniritsa ntchito yogwirizana, malipiro, kapena zigawo zapadera za malonda. Chalabbeck chiyenera kuphimba mtengo wonse wa chisonkhezero, kuphatikizapo chiwongola dzanja ndi zilango. Kupenda nthaŵi zonse ndi kulengeza poyera za ntchito nkofunika kaamba ka kuŵerengera.

Anasankhidwa Kukachita Ntchito Zogwira Ntchito Zazikulu

Makampani ayenera kusungidwa kaamba ka ntchito zimene sizingachitikedi popanda izo ndi zimene zimapereka mapindu owonekera bwino kwa anthu . Monga ntchito zapamwamba zapamwamba zokhala ndi mapindu, kuikizira ndalama, kapena kutukuka kwa madera ovutika ndi chuma. Kupenda kopambanitsa kofuna ndalama zopindulira asanapereke zisonkhezero kungathandize kupeŵa kutaya zinthu mwachisawawa.

Kuchepetsa Mpikisano

Chigwirizano chachigawo pakati pa maiko oyandikana chikhoza kuchepetsa liŵiro. Maboma ena akhazikitsa zitsogozo zofanana zosonkhezera kapena akufufuza zikalata za maiko ambiri kuletsa nkhondo. Malamulo a zapamwamba a dziko, monga ngati kuchepetsa kulephera kwa boma ndi misonkho ya kumaloko kaamba ka makampani, angachepetsenso chisonkhezero cha maboma kuchepetsana.

Kuona Zinthu Moyenera ndi Kutengamo Mbali kwa Onse

Mapangano onse olimbikitsa anthu ayenera kuulutsidwa pa Intaneti, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa ntchito zimene anthu akuyendera, ndiponso kuchuluka kwa ntchito zimene akufunika, ndi kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito. Kumva pulogalamu ya anthu onse komanso mwayi wothandiza anthu kukhala ndi ufulu wolankhula ndi kukonza zinthu. Mabungwe onga Center for Public Headern and Good Jobs Cast imapereka njira zosonyezera kuti anthu aone bwino.

Kupenda ndi Kukonza Masana

Maprogramu a chisonkhezero cha msonkho ayenera kuyang'aniridwa nthaŵi zonse kuti aone ngati akuthandiza. Maprogramu amene amalephera kukonza njira yabwino ayenera kukonzedwa kapena kuchotsedwa. Kukhazikitsa mawu a Sun . Kutha kwa desikishoni pambuyo pa nyengo yoikika [1] Opanga malamulo a kubwerezanso nzeru ya programu ndi kutsimikizira kuti ikhalabe yoyenerera.

Zimene Zikugwirizana ndi Kufufuza Kofunika

Kumaliza: Kulinganiza Udindo ndi Wosamalira

Zisonkhezero za msonkho za kumaloko siziri zobwezera kapena zopereka. Pamene zipangidwa ndi miyezo yolimba ya kachitidwe, zoikidwiratu zimene zimafunadi chichirikizo cha anthu, ndipo zoyendera limodzi ndi kuyang'anira kowonekeratu, zingasonkhezere kupangidwa kwa ntchito, kuchulukitsa chuma cha kumaloko, ndi kupanga zobwezera zazitali. Komabe, pamene zigwiritsiridwa ntchito mosasankha kapena popanda kuŵerengera, zikhoza kuchotsa chuma cha anthu pamaphunziro, maziko a zapamwamba, ndi kuyendetsa ndalama zimene zili zotsimikizirika za kukwera kwa chuma.

Kwa opanga malamulo, mfungulo ndiyo kutengera dongosolo lofunikira limene limapima zitsenderezo za nthaŵi yaifupi ndi ubwino wa chitaganya. Kwa mabizinesi, kupenda zonse zosonkhezera [1] kuphatikizapo zinthu zosakhomereza msonkho monga kupezeka kwa antchito ndi kukongola kwa moyo . Kupangitsa kusamukanso ndi zosankha zowonjezereka. Potsirizira pake, maprogramu osonkhezera achipambano kwambiri ndi aja amene amagwirizanitsa zikondwerero za bizinesi, boma, ndi anthu, amene amapanga phindu limene palibe mbali iliyonse ingakhale nalo.

Pamene mpikisano wa zachuma ukukula padziko lonse, ntchito ya anthu olimbikitsa msonkho imangokula. Koma kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama, pamafunika kuti nkhondozo zikhale zapadera komanso zogwirizana ndi umboni wokhudza chuma. Anthu amene amasinthasintha zinthu atha kukopa ndi kusungabe mabizinesi amene amachititsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino.