India wasintha kwambiri popanga ntchito zaudindo za anthu kudzera m'maudindo apamwamba a makompyuta. Maprogramu amenewa, osonkhezeredwa ndi masomphenya kupanga mautumiki a boma kukhala osavuta kupezeka, oonekera bwino, ndi ogwira bwino ntchito, asintha mmene nzika zikuchitira ndi boma. Kuchokera ku kugwiritsa ntchito kwa zinthu zamoyo kupangitsa kulipira ndalama zapanthawi yomweyo ndi kutsimikizira kwa mapepala, makompyuta a zamakono a magetsi a dziko la India tsopano akukhudza miyoyo ya anthu oposa 1.4 biliyoni. Nkhaniyi ikufufuza kukula, zipambano, mavuto, ndi tsogolo, kupereka kupendedwa kwatsatanetsatane kwa ntchito yawo m'kayendetsekera ntchito yawo m'maudindo amakono.

Maziko a Maulamuliro a Makompyuta ku India

Kulamulira kwa za magetsi ku India si chinthu chaposachedwapa. Kumayambiriro kwa ma 1990 kumakhala ndi ntchito za E-governance monga system yodziŵikitsa ya District (DISNIC) ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa National Informatics Centre (NIC). Komabe, kuwonjezereka kwenikweni kunabwera pambuyo pa 2014 ndi kuyambika kwa India [programu ya DIGUTAL , imene inapanga makonzedwe ogwirizanitsa boma, kuwongolera kugwirizanitsa, ndi kupititsa patsogolo luso la makono la magetsi. Zolinga za kusintha India ku chitaganya ndi chidziŵitso cha ndalama mwa kugaŵa masamu ndi kupanga mautumiki m'mautumiki m'nthaŵi yeniyeni.

Filosofi yochititsa kusintha kumeneku ili pa mizati itatu: mphamvu zachigwirizano monga chiwiya kwa nzika iliyonse , kufunsira ndi mautumiki pa kufuna [, ndi [FLT] mphamvu za nzika [[FLT] zopitira kumbuyo . Kuphatikiza mapulatifomu onga ngati Adhaar (zizindikiro za Adio), misewu yaikulu, ndi maseŵero oyamba, boma lapanga malo osiyanasiyana amene amachepetsa kuchedwa ndi ntchito zamanja.

Maulamuliro Ofunika Kwambiri

India̱ wailesi ya magetsi yosonyeza malo ozungulira imasonyeza malo apamwamba a sitima zapamadzi, ndipo iliyonse imasonyeza mbali za ntchito yonyamula.

India

Mu July 2015, manambala India ndi programu ya ambulera imene imagwirizanitsa maluso ambiri. Zigawo zake zazikulu zimaphatikizapo kulengedwa kwa National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) , kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo autumiki amodzi (CSCs) m'midzi, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa nkhanu zoyanjana pansi pa BkhstanNet . Monga 2024, kupitirira 4.5 CV kumapereka mautumiki a kumidzi, kukonza mafomu a ndalama za penshoni, zikalata, ndi ma programu. Programme yakhala yothandiza m'malamulo osintha kuchokera ku mapepala ogwirizana ndi ntchito, kuchepetsa nthaŵi zoyendera ndi kukwera ndi 40% m'madipatimenti zina.

Digi Locker

Digi Locker ndi papulatifomu yozikidwa pa mitambo imene imatheketsa nzika kusunga, kugaŵana, ndi kutsimikizira mapepala a manambala. Mwa kuchotsa kufunika kwa makope opangidwa ndi thupi, ladula pansi pa nzika zonse ziŵiri ndi mabungwe. Imene yayambitsidwa mu 2016, Digi Locker tsopano iri ndi mapepala oposa 200 miliyoni olembetsedwa ndi olembedwa. Imaphatikiza ndi mapepala a boma ambiri, kulola kutsimikizira kwa mwamsanga kwa laisensi yoyendetsa galimoto, zikalata zoikizira, chizindikiro, ndi zina zambiri. Zimenezi zimachepetsa chinyengo ndi kutumiza ntchito m'madera monga kulembetsa galimoto, mafomu, ndi masukulu. ([FLT:] [FLD]]

UMANG APP

SOUTH UMANG (Iseŵero Yosaganiziridwa ya Maseŵero a Meseji ya New-Geneance) imapereka mautumiki oposa 1,200 a boma kuchokera ku foni imodzi. Magulu otsegulira monga maphunziro, thanzi, ndalama, ndi zipangizo zothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito, apulogalamu imeneyi imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kufunsira madongosolo, maseŵero ofunsira njira, ndi kulipira. Imachirikiza zinenero 13 za ku India ndi kugwira ntchito kudutsa iOS, Android, ndi mafoni apadera odzera ku UMING adawatula nthaŵi zoposa 100 miliyoni, kusonyeza kufunika kwa ntchito yopereka ntchito yophatikiza.

BHIMI UPI

Pamene kuli kwakuti ndi chiŵiya cha zandalama, BHIM UPI (Opereka Ogwirizana) yasintha mmene nzika zimaperekera misonkho, malipiro, ndi ndalama zothandizira kuyendetsa zinthu za boma. Yoyambitsidwa ndi National Preasurers Corporation of India (NPCI), UPI imalinganiza malonda oposa 10 biliyoni pamwezi mu 2023. Madoko a boma ogwirizana ndi UPI amatheketsa ndalama zotsala kuchokera ku msonkho wa madzi, kuchepetsa kuyendetsa ndalama ndi kuwonjezera kubwezeredwa kwa ndalama. Pulo yawonjezeredwa kuphatikizapo njira yoperekera ndalama ya boma ya za umoyo ndi ubwino.

Aadhaar ndi e-KYC

Aadhaar, gulu la masuntturage 12 (ogwirizana ndi makompyuta, ndi maziko a njira zambiri zoyendetsera zinthu. Mwa ma enrols oposa 1,300 biliyoni, imapereka chizindikiro chapadera chimene chimathandiza kuti mupindule ndi chakudya, fekitation, ndi LPG. Aadhaar-sting chitsimikizo cha kupezekapo m’maofesi a boma, kuchotsa ndalama za penshoni, ndi zina zambiri.

Zanga za Gov Platform

Grev ndi pulogalamu ya anthu amene amadzipereka kukakhala ndi nzika, ndipo amalola anthu kukambirana mfundo zosiyanasiyana, kugawana mfundo, ndiponso kuvomereza. Wachititsa anthu olemba mabuku opitirira 30 miliyoni kukambirana nkhani zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi maluso a m'mizinda komanso maphunziro. Mwa kuphatikiza mfundo za nzika mwachindunji m’kachitidwe ka malamulo, My Gov amalimbikitsa kuchita nawo ntchito za demokrase ndipo amalimbikitsa anthu kulabadira mautumiki a anthu onse.

Chiyambukiro pa Kuperekedwa kwa Utumiki wa Onse

Kusintha kochititsa chidwi kwa njira zimenezi kwathandiza kwambiri kuti anthu azigwira ntchito mothamanga, mofika, ndiponso moyenera.

Kupezeka ndi Kuzoloŵera

Uyang'aniro wa magetsi wawonjezera mautumiki kwa anthu omwe sanawapeze kale. Kudzera m'ma CSC ndi ma apps a m'mafoni, mlimi m’mudzi wakutali angagwiritse ntchito tsopano kaamba ka loni ya mbewu, malipoti a nyengo, kapena kupeza chikalata cha kubadwa popanda kupita ku likulu lachigawo. UMANG ndi Digi Locker alipo ngakhale m'malo otsika kwambiri, kutsimikizira kuti makompyuta saali okha m'matauni. Monga mu 2023, 90% ya midzi ya India muli ndi pulogalamu yogwirizanitsa zinthu pansi pa Barat Net, kuwonjezerapo kulowa kwa kamzere.

Kugwira Bwino Ntchito ndi Kuona Malo Oyera

Kuyendetsa galimoto kwachepetsa kwambiri nthaŵi. Mwachitsanzo, dongosolo la e- Office, limene limapanga madongosolo a mafaelo m'mautumiki, lachepetsa avareji ya nthaŵi ya mafaelo a pa Intaneti kwa masiku ndi masiku. Ulendo wa pa Intaneti wathandiza anthu kupempha chidziŵitso, ndipo Public Financial Management System (PFMS) imatheketsa kuyendera ndalama zenizeni. Madongosolo ameneŵa apanga njira yoyendera imene imalepheretsa chiphuphu ndi kuwonjezera mlandu.

Malinga ndi lipoti la 2022 lolembedwa ndi NITI Ayagog, njira za magetsi zachititsa avareji ya 30-50% ya nthaŵi yokonzekera ntchito zofala zonga pasport imakhala yosatsatizana ndi kulembetsa katundu. ( NITIAyagog Digitance Governance Report 2022[FL:1]

Kuchepetsa Ziphuphu

Mwa kuchepetsa nzeru za anthu popereka ntchito, makompyuta achepetsa mipata ya ziphuphu ndi kufunafuna lendi. Mapindu a Nyrvenup (DBT) Pogwiritsa ntchito Aadhaar achotsa anthu olandira ndi kupulumutsa boma [1]. .8 lakh crore ($24 biliyoni) pakati pa 2014 ndi 20222. Mofananamo, kuyambitsidwa kwa mapulogalamu a pa Intaneti oyendera malo osiyanasiyana ndi zikalata zovomerezeka ndi galimoto (mphini ndi zikalata za apagulu) kwachepetsa kufunika kwa anthu apakati. Kufufuza kochitidwa ndi Transparency International India kwapeza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono analengeza kuti anthu odalira kwambiri ziphuphu zawo zamagetsi achita kuchuluka kwambiri poyerekezera ndi aja odalira pa stem stem .

Mphamvu ya Nzika

Mapulatifomu a manambala amathandiza nzika kuchepetsa mmene zimayendera ndi boma. Malo oyendera okha alola ogwiritsa ntchito kulinganiza malo, kuika zikalata, ndi kuyang'anira malo panthaŵi yeniyeni. Mapulatifomu a British Gov amatheketsa kulankhulana mwachindunji ndi opanga malamulo, pamene kugwirizanitsa makampani a zaumoyo kumalola kuti zidandaulo zikule kwambiri poyera. Makamaka akazi apindula: mapulogalamu a za makono odziŵa kulemba ndi kulemba pa Intaneti pansi pa Common Service Centre aphunzitsa mamiliyoni a akazi akumidzi akumidzi kugwiritsira ntchito njira za kuwonjezera kudzidalira kwawo pa zachuma.

Kuyambukira Chuma ndi Ndalama

Kusintha ku zolipira za makompyuta kwakhala ndi chiyambukiro chachuma chokulira. Kugulidwa kwa UPI kozikidwa pa makampani a boma kwachepetsa mtengo wa ndalama zoyendetsera madipatimenti ndi kuwonjezereka kwa misonkho. Chigwirizano cha GST, chomangidwa pa stegt , chafutukula mumsonkho mwa kupanga mabizinesi amwayi akale. Kufufuza kwa World Bank kunayerekezera kuti njira zoyendetsera magetsi za India zingawonjezere 0.5.1% ku Kayendedwe ka makampani a ma CDP pachaka kukwera ndi kuchepetsa kukhupuka kwa maluso. ([[FLT: 0]] Bank World Report on Digitable India [FL:1])

Mavuto ndi Zopinga

Ngakhale kuti pali kupita patsogolo kochititsa chidwi, padakali mavuto aakulu.

Kugaŵanika kwa Makina

Zipangizo za magetsi za ku India, ngakhale kuti sizikukula, n’zofanana. Mu 2024, 55 peresenti yokha ya mabanja akumidzi inali ndi Intaneti poyerekeza ndi 80% m’matauni. Mitengo ya zinenero, kuwerenga zinenero, ndi kusowa zipangizo zosavuta m’mayiko osauka zimagaŵanitsa. Anthu okalamba ndi opunduka kaŵirikaŵiri sagwirizana. Ngati atapanda kuvala mafoni, kugaŵanika kwa manambala kukhoza kusiyanitsa anthu omwe alipo, kusiya magulu a anthu otsikana.

Kudziwa Zinthu Zokha

Kuikidwa kwa chidziŵitso cha nzika m'mapulatifomu monga Aadhaar ndi Digi Locker kumadzutsa nkhaŵa zomveka ponena za kuyang'anira, kuswa makompyuta, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa. Indiya ilibe lamulo lachitetezo la chidziŵitso chochuluka (Chikalata chapamwamba chotetezera zachiweruzo cha Personal Teatment 2023 chinaperekedwa koma kugwiritsa ntchito tsatanetsatane wa zinthu za Aadhaar kwadzichotsera chikhulupiriro. Pamene kuli kwakuti boma limaumirira kuti madongosolo ali otetezeka, otsutsa kuti uyang'aniro wodziimira paokha ngwofunika kutetezera ufulu wa anthu.

Kusiyana kwa Zinthu

Malo ambiri akumidzi amayang'anizanabe ndi magetsi osinthasintha ndi mafoni ndi makampani amene amalepheretsa kugwiritsira ntchito makompyuta. Ntchito ya BharatNet, ngakhale kuti ikufuna kwambiri, yakhala yochedwa ndi yokwera mtengo. Kuwonjezera apo, mphamvu ya olemba ntchito zapambuyo pa nthaka kaŵirikaŵiri imafuna kwambiri, monga momwe zimaonekera poyambitsa njira zina zapakati. Kuika malonda m'maharedi, brandmind, ndi njira zothandizira magetsi nkofunika.

Kumanga Nyumba Mogometsa Ndiponso Kuphunzira Masamu

Akuluakulu a boma pa ndandanda ya makompyuta kaŵirikaŵiri amasoŵa maphunziro a kugwiritsira ntchito madongosolo atsopano mogwira mtima. Kukana kusintha, kuphatikizapo kuopa kuchotsedwa ntchito, kungachedwetsedwe kulera ana. Mofananamo, mbali yaikulu ya anthu ikali yosaphunzira mwa mlingo wa manambala. Pradhan Mantartari Gramin Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDAHIYA) yaphunzitsa anthu oposa 60 miliyoni a m’midzi, koma cholinga cha kupanga 60 miliyoni ya kuphunzira zinenero chinakwaniritsidwa pang’ono chabe.

Wogulitsa Maloke ndi Kuthandiza

Maseŵero ambiri oyendera pamodzi amapangidwa monga silos ndi ogulitsa osiyanasiyana, kutsogolera ku nkhani za kusagwirizana. Nzika ingafunikire kulowa m'mabwalo osiyanasiyana, iliyonse yokhala ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zotsimikizira. Kusoŵa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zogwirizana za API kumalepheretsa kugawana ndi kupanga kuloŵetsamo chidziŵitso chofiira. Zoyesayesa zonga India Enprise Architecture (Indea) cholinga cha kukhazikitsa malamulo osiyanasiyana koma sikunavomerezedwe mokwanira m'maboma onse ndi ma dipatimenti.

Malangizo ndi Chiyeneretso Chamtsogolo

Imeneyi ikali kutsogolo, iyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothandiza kuti ikhale yothandiza kuti zinthu ziyende bwino ndiponso kuti ithetse mavuto amene akubwerawo.

Kuthetsa Kugaŵanika kwa Mafoni ndi Mafoni

Kuloŵa kwabwino ndi chinthu choyamba. Kufutukula maofesi a anthu onse Wi-Fi (monga pansi pa njira ya PMS-WANI), kugaŵira mafoni ang'onoang'ono kwa mabanja opeza ndalama zochepa, ndi kuyambitsa mapulogalamu a pa Intaneti osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Chichirikizo cha zinenero za m’dzikolo chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa boma lonse lokhala ndi malamulo ogwiritsa ntchito. Maprogramu a pulogalamu a zamaphunziro a anthu odziŵa kulemba ndi kulemba, mwina kulowa m'masukulu a sukulu ndi malo othandizira anthu osoŵa chitetezo, zingafulumize kulera magulu a anthu ovutika.

Kulimbitsa Ubwenzi ndi Kukhala Wekha

India afunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mwamsanga njira yotetezera chidziŵitso ndi njira zomveka bwino zovomerezera, malamulo a zaumoyo, ndi pulogalamu yapadera. Kupenda kotsatirapo kwa mapulatifomu onse a manambala a boma kuyenera kupangidwa. Nzika ziyenera kukhala ndi njira zosavuta zosonyezera mmene zolemba zawo zimagwiritsidwira ntchito. Lingaliro la data kukhulupirira ndandanda ya mapulogalamu a boma, ofanana ndi njira yotetezera

Kupukuta Nzeru Zopanga ndi Njira Yomamanga

AI ingathe kuyendetsa zinthu za magetsi: magubot othandizira kubwezera kudandaula, kuneneratu za kufunidwa kwa anthu athanzi, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero chachibadwa popereka utumiki wa zinenero zambiri. “AIYANI pa Onse” ndipo bungwe lofuna kukhazikitsa bungwe la National AI Portal likusonyeza kufunitsitsa. Komabe, malamulo oteteza ayenera kumangidwa kuti apewe kukondera ndi kutsimikizira kuti anthu ayang’anira zosankha zokhudza ufulu wa nzika.

Kulimbikitsa Ubwenzi ndi Anthu Onse (PPP)

Kulamulira kwa makompyuta kumafuna kugwirizana ndi mbali yaumwini kuti ayambitse ndi kutumiza moseketsa. Chionetsero cha Common Service Centre ndi PP. Kukulitsa kugwirizana koteroko kwa maziko a mtambo, luso, ndi kuyendetsa zinthu kungawongolere chipambano popanda kulemetsa pulogalamu. Zitetezero za pangano ndi njira zodziwitsira mlandu zimafunidwa kutetezera zikondwerero za nzika.

Kugwirizanitsa ndi Kuzoloŵerana ndi Wogwiritsira Ntchito

Boma liyenera kufulumira kutengera mwamsanga chizindikiritso cha India Enterprise Architecture (IndeA) ndi kukakamiza kaamba ka ntchito yogwirizana ya padoko (m’chitsanzo, pulatifomu imodzi ya mautumiki a kubadwa mpaka imfa). Kugwiritsira ntchito kutsegulidwa ndi kutengera kuikidwa kwa chizindikiro (mwa kuvomerezedwa ndi munthu) kukhoza kutheketsa chidziŵitso chosadziŵika. kuvomereza ndi kuyesa kwanthaŵi zonse ndi milingo ya kukonza kuthandizira kuchititsa mayeso a nzika kukhala ndi moyo wokulirapo.

Kumaliza

Ulendo wa magetsi wa India wapanga kale kuwongolera kwakukulu m'kutumiza ntchito za anthu, kuyambira ku kuchepetsa ziphuphu ndi kufalikira kwakukulu. Zochita zapansi pa managetal India, zochirikizidwa ndi mapulatifomu onga Adahaar, Digi Locker, ndi UPI, zayala maziko olimba. Komabe, kusinthako nkosakwanira. Kutsimikizira kuti palibe nzika yatsala, boma liyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kwambiri kugaŵa manambala, kulimbitsa chitetezo cha makompyuta, ndi kusungitsa zinthu zoyendetsera magetsi. Mwa kudzipereka ndi kuwongolera magetsi, makompyuta, kuyendetsa makompyuta a magetsi akhoza kukhala mwala wamtengo woonekera bwino, wogwira ntchito, ndi kuphatikiza dziko la Indiya.