Kuzindikira Mayeso a Unzika

Kuyesa kukhala nzika kumathandiza anthu osamukira m'dziko lina amene akufuna kukhala ndi phande lonse m'dziko lawo loleredwa. Si kugwiritsa ntchito maphunziro okha koma kupenda kothandiza kwa munthu kukhala wokonzeka kulandira ufulu ndi udindo wa kukhala nzika. Pamene kuli kwakuti anthu ambiri amafika ndi nkhaŵa, kuzindikira cholinga chake ndi kakonzedwe kangachepetse kwambiri kupsinjika maganizo. Nkhaniyi imachepetsa mbali zofunika za kuyesa kukhala nzika, ikufotokoza mmene boma ndi malamulo amapendedwera, ndi kukhazikitsa njira zothandiza kuti zinthu ziyende bwino.

Maiko ambiri otukuka amafuna mtundu wa kupenda kwa kulinganiza kwachibadwa, ngakhale kuti zolembedwa ndi zovuta zimasiyana. Ku United States, kuyesako kumasumika pa luso la Chingelezi ndi chidziŵitso cha anthu. Ku Canada, kumakhudza mbiri, geography, boma, ndi mathayo. “Ulife mu UK” yoyesa imaphatikizapo ndale zadziko, lamulo, ndi miyambo. Australia mofananamo imayesa kudziŵa za makhalidwe a dziko, mbiri, ndi ulamuliro. Mwakumvetsetsa nkhani zofala pa mayeso, mungapange maziko olimba a kupenda kulikonse kwa boma.

Cholinga cha Kuyesedwa kwa Unzika

Cholinga chachikulu cha kuyesa unzika ndicho kutsimikizira kuti nzika zatsopano zimadziŵa bwino za dongosolo la ndale zadziko, malamulo, ndi makhalidwe a boma. Chidziŵitso chimenechi chimathandiza osamukira m’dziko kugwirizana bwino ndi chitaganya ndi kutengamo mbali m’njira za democracy. Kuyesako kumathandizanso kuteteza umphumphu wa kukhala nzika mwa kupereka chizindikiro kuti mamembala atsopano alemekeze malamulo a dzikolo.

Kufufuza kwasonyeza kuti anthu osamukira m’mayiko ena amene amaphunzira za mayeso ameneŵa kaŵirikaŵiri amakulitsa chiyamikiro chachikulu cha mabungwe a dziko lawo, zimene zimachititsa kuti anthu ambiri ayambe kuvota ndi kuloŵerera m’chitaganya.

Mmene Mayeso Amagwirizanira ndi Maboma ndi Madongosolo a Malamulo

Kuzindikira madongosolo a boma ndi a zamalamulo ndiko maziko a mayeso a unzika. Mayesowo amafunsa kaŵirikaŵiri ponena za kapangidwe ka boma — kaŵirikaŵiri ofotokozedwa mwa kugaŵidwa kwa maulamuliro pakati pa nthambi za maulamuliro, zalamulo, ndi za chiweruzo. Oyesa ayenera kudziŵa maina a akuluakulu a boma, njira yoperekera malamulo, ndi mbali ya makhoti pomasulira malamulo amenewo.

Chigawo cha lamulo chimaphatikizapo zoyenera zazikulu zotetezeredwa pansi pa lamulo la lamulo, zonga ngati ufulu wa kulankhula, chipembedzo, ndi kusonkhana. Chimakhudzanso lamulo, limene limatanthauza aliyense — kuphatikizapo atsogoleri a boma — ali ogonjera ku malamulo amodzimodziwo. Lamulo lamakhalidwe abwino limeneli nlofunika ku ulamuliro wa demokrase ndipo limayesedwa kaŵirikaŵiri m’masinthidwe.

Mwachitsanzo, mafunso ambiri amafunsa kuti: “Kodi lamulo lalikulu la dzikolo n’chiyani?” (Bungwe la Malamulo, mu U.S.). “Ndani amene ali mutu wa dziko la Canada?” (Mfumu, yoimiridwa ndi Bwanamkubwa). Mafunsowa samangoyesa chabe kufotokoza zinthu m’maganizo komanso kuzindikira mmene mphamvu zimagawidwira ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu.

Nkhani Zazikulu Zivumbulidwa Poyesa

Kufufuza za unzika padziko lonse kaŵirikaŵiri kumaphatikiza mbali zinayi za maziko.

Boma Limakhazikitsa

Chigawo chimenechi chimapenda chidziŵitso cha mmene boma limalinganizidwira.

  • Nthambi zitatu za boma ndi ntchito zake
  • Amene ali ndi ulamuliro wapamwamba (mwachitsanzo, pulezidenti, nduna yaikulu, mfumu)
  • Mmene anthu a m’bungwe lokhazikitsa malamulo amasankhidwira
  • Ntchito ya khoti la aweruzi ndiponso khoti lalikulu kwambiri
  • Mmene dongosolo la boma limasiyanirana ndi madongosolo aunyinji (m’chitsanzo, mphamvu ya dziko)

Mwachitsanzo, mayeso a boma la United States amaphatikizapo mafunso okhudza bwanamkubwa wa dziko lanu ndi woimira dera lanu.

Malamulo

Kumvetsa malamulo n’kofunika kwambiri pankhani yolemekeza malamulo ndi ufulu.

  • Malamulo onse amadalira malamulo a m’chilengedwechi
  • Zoyenera za anthu zazikulu zotetezeredwa ndi lamulo
  • Kusiyana pakati pa lamulo laupandu ndi lachiŵeniŵeni
  • Kuyenera kwa oimbidwa mlandu (m’njira, kwa loya, kufulumira kuweruzidwa)
  • Mmene malamulo amaperekedwera ndi kusinthidwa
  • Mfundo ya kupenda milandu

Mwachitsanzo, mayeso a ku United States angatchule Brown v. Board of Education (pakusankhana mafuko) kapena Miranda . Arizona (kuyenera kukhala chete).

Udindo wa Ntchito

Unzika sumangokhala; umafuna kutengamo mbali mwachangu.

  • Kusankha anthu ndi kudziŵa kulembetsa
  • Kutumikira pa juli pamene inaitanidwa
  • Kukhoma msonkho moona mtima
  • Kumvera malamulo ndi kulemekeza ufulu wa ena
  • Kuchita nawo zinthu zosiyanasiyana
  • Kuteteza dzikolo ngati kukufunika (m’mitundu ina)

Mwachitsanzo, kabuku koyesa ka ku Canada kanati: “Udindo umakhala ndi udindo, umaphatikizapo kugonjera mfundo za demokalase, kulemekeza malamulo, ndi kutenga nawo mbali m’chitaganya.

Mbiri ndi Zizindikiro

Mbiri ya dziko lonse ndiponso zizindikiro zake zimayesedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti nzika zatsopano zikugwirizana pa nkhani imodzi ndi kuzindikira zizindikiro zogwirizanitsa anthu.

  • Zochitika zazikulu za m’mbiri ndi kufunika kwake
  • Kupeza zithunzithunzi ndi atsogoleri otchuka
  • Maholide a Dziko ndi chiyambi chake
  • Tanthauzo ndi chisonyezero choyenera cha mbendera
  • Nyimbo za mtundu ndi zipilala zofunika

Mwachitsanzo, mayeso a United States ali ndi mafunso onena za chifukwa chimene mbenderayo ili ndi mizere 13 (yoimira mizere yoyambirira) ndi nyenyezi 50 (maiko amene alipo).

Mmene Mungakonzekerere Kuyesedwa Kuti Mukhale Nzika

Kukonzekera bwino kumafuna njira yolinganizidwa bwino, ndipo izi ndi njira zotsimikiziridwa zogwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi zikwi zambiri za oyesa okhoza kupima.

Zophunzirira za M’boma

Dziko lirilonse limapereka chitsogozo cha phunziro lofalitsidwa ndi boma. Ku U.S., ndi “Copics ndi Chingelezi , kabuku ka“Ofessitions ndi Chingelezi . Canada kamapereka“ Kubisa Canada: Ufulu ndi University. U. [1] U.’s “Ufe in United Kingdom: A Guide for New Paractivers" ndilo malemba oyenerera. “Australian Commonship": Ofect Bond". Imauniver. [FLT: 0] Nthaŵi zonse ikuyamba ndi mapepala alamulo ameneŵa — iwo ali ndi yankho lililonse limene mufuna.

Kuwonjezera pa kabukuka, pawebusaiti ya boma pamakhalanso zinthu izi:

  • Mabaibulo omvetsera
  • Mabande a wailesi
  • Kuyesa pa Intaneti
  • Mavidiyo

Ziŵiya zakunja zingachirikize kuphunzira. Mawebusaiti ambiri otchuka amapereka mayeso aulere aulere [[FLT:] ataikidwa atayeza. Mfungulo ndiyo kugwiritsira ntchito zopimira zambiri kuti mupeŵe kuloweza chidziŵitso cholakwika.

Kuphunzira Njira Zomwe Zimagwira Ntchito

Nazi njira zophunzitsira za sayansi ya zamaphunziro ndi za alangizi odziŵa bwino ntchito:

  • Kubwerezabwereza kokhala: zinthu zopenda panthaŵi yowonjezereka. Gwiritsirani ntchito ma appcard media monga Anki kapena makhadi akuthupi.
  • Kukumbukira: [1] Musamangoŵerenga — tseka buku ndi kunena mokweza. Quiz mobwerezabwereza.
  • Kusindikiza: gulu logwirizana ndi mfundo (m’ lekuatiso, zonse zokhudza nthambi za boma) kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzikumbukira.
  • Phunzitsani munthu wina: Kufotokozera bwenzi kapena chiŵalo cha banja zinthu kukakamiza inu kulinganiza chidziŵitso chanu.
  • Mnemonics: Pangani mayina kapena nkhani. Mwachitsanzo, kukumbukira nthambi zitatu (Chilamulo, Chiyang'anira, Chiweruziro) Mungaganize kuti “LEJ” monga “Mwambo Wololeka.

Anthu ambiri amene amayeza apeza kuti n’kothandiza kupanga ndandanda yophunzira Baibulo.

Msampha Wofala ndi Mmene Mungapewere

Ngakhale ophunzira akhama angakhumudwe.

  • Kukumbukira popanda kuzindikira: Mungafunsidwe mafunso ofunsidwa poyera amene amafunikira mafotokozedwe, osati kokha mayankho a liwu limodzi.
  • Kutsutsa mafunso atsopano: [[FLT: 1] Kuyesa chigawo cha nzika kumasintha. Nthaŵi zonse gwiritsirani ntchito matembenuzidwe amakono kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mayeso a U.S. anasinthidwa mu 2020 ndipo kachiŵirinso mu 2021.
  • Kulemba Chingelezi: [[FLT ] Ngakhale ngati Chingelezi chanu nchabwino, yeserani kuŵerenga ndi kulemba ziganizo. Kuyesa kwa U.S. kumafuna kuti muŵerenge ndi kulemba chigawo chimodzi mwa zilembo zitatu molondola.
  • Kuŵerenga funso lililonse mosamalitsa: . Ena ali ndi mayankho ambiri olondola (m., “Imodzi ya mitsinje iŵiri yaitali kwambiri ku U.S.”

Njira Yochitira Kanthu ndi Malongosoledwe Olongosoka

Tiyeni tione mafunso amene anthu ambiri amadzifunsa komanso chifukwa chake mayankho ake ali ofunika.

  1. Ndani amene ali mkulu wa boma? [[FLT :1] [[FLT ] M'maufumu alamulo onga Canada, Australia, kapena UK, mkulu wa boma ndi mfumu (Mfumu Charles III). M'mariphabliki onga U.S. kapena India, ndi prezidenti. Funsoli limayesa kumvetsetsa kwanu kapangidwe kalamulo ka dzikolo.
  2. Kodi ndiati amene ali mathayo aakulu a nzika? [[FLT]] Ntchito zazikulu zimaphatikizapo kumvera malamulo, kukhoma misonkho, kutumikira pa majuli, ndi kuvota. Otsogolera ena amalembanso kutetezera dziko ndi kulemekeza zoyenera za ena.
  3. Kodi ndi nthambi zingati zimene boma liri nazo? Mu U.S., yankho ndi ili zitatu: malamulo (Chomagent), mkulu (Presidenti), ndi khoti lokulirapo (Makhoti ndi makhoti aang'ono). Canada ndi Australia ali ndi madongosolo ofanana. UK ili ndi dongosolo la nyumba ya malamulo lokhala ndi mphamvu zophatikiza, koma mayeso akulankhulabe ku mabungwe osiyanasiyana.
  4. Kodi zizindikiro za mtundu n’zotani? Zizindikiro za dziko monga mbendera, nyimbo, ndi zizindikiro zikuimira dziko, mbiri, ndi mapindu. Zimalimbikitsa umodzi ndi kunyada. Mwachitsanzo, nyenyezi za mbendera za U.S. zimaimira magawo ndi mizera yoimira maiko oyambirira.
  5. Kodi lamulo limatanthauzanji? [[FLT :2] Kumatanthauza kuti aliyense, kuphatikizapo akuluakulu a boma, ayenera kutsatira lamulo. Palibe amene ali pamwamba pake. Mfundo imeneyi imaletsa kugwiritsira ntchito molakwa mphamvu ndipo imatsimikizira chilungamo.

Zitsanzo zimenezi zikusonyeza mmene kuyesako kumayendera zinthu zoposa kungoloŵeza chidziŵitso chakukhosi kuti mupeze chidziŵitso chozama.

Kumvetsetsa Madongosolo a Boma: N’kovuta Kwambiri

Kuti mupambane pa mayeso a unzika, mufunikira chitsanzo chowonekera bwino cha mmene boma limagwirira ntchito. Tiyeni tiwononge dongosolo lofala koposa: democracy yalamulo, kaŵirikaŵiri yokhala ndi kulekana kwa mphamvu.

Nthambi Zitatu

  • Ofesi ya Nthambi: [[FT:1] Amapanga malamulo. M'dongosolo la bimeral (monga Nyumba ya Malamulo ya U.S., Palamende, kapena Palamende ya Canada), malamulo ayenera kudutsa zipinda zonse ziŵiri. Mafunso kaŵirikaŵiri amafunsa ponena za maina a zipinda zimenezi ndi mmene ziŵalo zimasankhidwira.
  • Nthambi imeneyi imaphatikizapo madipatimenti ndi mabungwe. Mungafunikire kudziŵa dzina la mtsogoleri ndi mzera wa mpambo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Nthambi ya judicial :[[FT:1] imamasulira malamulo. Khoti lapamwamba kwambiri (m’mzera, khoti Lapamwamba) limatsimikizira malamulo mogwirizana ndi malamulo. Malingaliro ofunika: kupenda komiti yachiweruzo ndi judiary yodziimira.

Mapeketi ndi Kulinganizika

Mfundo imeneyi imaletsa nthambi imodzi kukhala yamphamvu kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pulezidenti angapereke lamulo, koma Congress angapose lamulolo ndi voti ya tatu ziŵiri. Makhoti angalengeze malamulo osagwirizana ndi malamulo. Kumvetsa njira zimenezi nkofunika kwambiri kuti ayesedwe — ndiponso kuti akhale nzika yodziŵa bwino zinthu.

Maiko ena onga UK alibe kulekana kwalamulo kwa maulamuliro, koma mayesowo amakhudzabe mbali zosiyana za Nyumba Yachifumu, ufumu wa monarchy, ndi zigamulo zachiweruzo. Kudziŵa mafotokozedwe osintha zinthu kungakupatseni lingaliro la mafunso ovuta kwambiri.

Malamulo: Ufulu ndi Malamulo a Khoti

Kudziŵa bwino mmene malamulo amagwirira ntchito n’kofunika kwambiri.

Magwero a Chilamulo

  • Lamulo la malamulo (magwero apamwamba)
  • Lamulo la lamulo (loposedwa ndi bungwe lokhazikitsa malamulo)
  • Malamulo wamba (miyambi yopangidwa ndi oweruza)
  • Malamulo (malamulo a nthambi osatsatira malamulo a kudula)

Muyenera kuzindikira kuti malamulo a boma ndi amene ali ndi mphamvu kuposa malamulo ena onse ndipo lamulo lililonse lotsutsana ndi malamulowo n’losathandiza.

Kutsutsana ndi Chilamulo cha Chiŵeniŵeni

Lamulo la boma limakhudza mikangano ya anthu kapena mabungwe (anzawo, katundu, banja).

Ufulu wa Woimbidwa Mlandu

Zina mwa zinthu zimene tiyenera kuchita ndi izi:

  • Kudziyesa wopanda liwongo kufikira atapezedwa wolakwa
  • Kuyesa kwabwino ndi kofulumira
  • Ufulu wa kuimira boma
  • Chitetezo choletsa kudziimba mlandu (kuyenera kukhala chete)
  • Kutetezedwa ku chilango chankhanza kapena chachilendo

Nthawi zambiri ufulu umenewu umachokera m’mabuku a mbiri yakale monga Magna Carta, buku lachingelezi lakuti Magna, la Mall of Rights, kapena la ku United States lonena za ufulu wachibadwidwe.

Mbiri ya M’nthaŵi Yake ndi Zizindikiro

Nkhani za mbiri ya dzikolo kaŵirikaŵiri zimafotokoza zochitika zazikulu zimene zinaumba dzikolo.

  • United States: [ Kusintha kwa America, Nkhondo ya Chiŵeniŵeni, Komiti ya Chivomezi ya Ufulu Wachibadwidwe
  • Canada: [[FL:1] Confederation (1867), kutengera Tchata cha ku Canada cha zoyenera ndi Freedoms (1992)
  • Kingdom: Norman Confist, Magna Carta (1215), Nkhondo Zadziko, kulengedwa kwa National Health Service
  • Australia: [[[FLT :1] Coonation, Federation (1901), nthano ya ANZAC, 1967 servedum pa zoyenera za Aaborijini

Zizindikiro monga mbendera, nyimbo za fuko, ndi zinyama zolamulira (m’njira yachidule, beaver ku Canada, kangaroo ku Australia) ndizo mbali ya nsalu yachikhalidwe chachikhalidwe. Kuyesako kungakupempheni kuti mudziŵe mitundu ya mbendera, mawu a nyimbo ya fuko, kapena tanthauzo la chipilala chonga Cenotaph ku London.

Malangizo Othandiza pa Tsiku la Kuyesa

Pambali pa kukonzekera, mmene mungachitire ndi mayesowo pali muyeso:

  • Pezani tulo tabwino usiku [[FL:1] musanapimidwe.
  • Kubweretsa chizindikiritso chinafunikira ndi zinthu zilizonse zololedwa (onani malamulo anu a pakati).
  • [[ML:0] Kufulumira kwambiri [[[MLT] kuti mupeŵe nkhaŵa.
  • Mvetserani mosamalitsa ku malangizo kuchokera kwa wopima.
  • Werengani funso lililonse kawiri [[FLT] musanayankhe.
  • Ngati sudziŵa yankho, ganizirani pambuyo pochotsa zosankha zolakwika (ngati zikugwirizana). Kuyesako kaŵirikaŵiri kuli ndi malembedwe ambiri kapena a pakamwa.
  • Khalani wodekha [[FL:1] . Kupimira kumakonzedwa kuti kupititsidwe ndi phunziro loyenera. Mayiko ambiri amalola kuti mutengenso.

Chifukwa Chake Chiyeso Chilipo kwa Anthu

Kuyesa kukhala nzika kumathandizanso kuti anthu azikhala ndi makhalidwe abwino amene amathandiza kuti anthu azikhala m’madera osiyanasiyana. M’nyengo ya kusagwirizana kwa mayiko, kumvetsetsana kwa maboma ndi malamulo kungathetse kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe ndi ndale. Pamene nzika zidziwa ufulu wawo, sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito molakwika.

Finiv Canada , chotsogoza cha kufufuza kwalamulo, chimanena kuti: “Kubwera kwa nzika ya Canada kuli mwaŵi . Kumakuikizirani ku ufulu ndi mathayo onse a kukhala nzika ndi ulemu wa anthu a ku Canada ." Kulingalira kumeneku kumamveka m'maiko onse: unzika uli kudzipereka kwa njira ziŵiri.

Komanso, anthu obwera m’dzikolo akaphunzira mmene malamulo amapangidwira, mmene amagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndiponso mmene amatanthauzira mawu, amakhala ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti dongosololi limagwira ntchito bwino kwa aliyense.

Zomwe Tingachite Kuti Tiphunzirenso

Kuti muwonjezere kukonzekera kwanu, lingalirani magwero odalirika ameneŵa:

Malo osungiramo anthu osamukira m’mayiko ena amathandiza anthu amene achita makampaniwa kuti azilankhula nawo komanso kuti azigwiritsa ntchito njira zimenezi.

Malingaliro Omalizira

Kuyesa kukhala nzika ndi chopinga chosagonjetseka ngati mwafikiridwa mwadongosolo. Si cholinga chakupusitsa koma kutsimikizira kuti muli ndi chidziŵitso chofunika kuti mukhale wothandiza m’chitaganya. Gwiritsirani mtima pa kuzindikira kapangidwe ndi malamulo a boma ndi malamulo, osati kokha mfundo zodziŵika. Gwiritsirani ntchito zolembedwa za boma, gwiritsirani ntchito njira zophunzirira zogwira mtima, ndi kuyeserera nthaŵi zonse. Mungathe kupambana mayeso motsimikiza mtima ndi kunyadira kukhala kwanu nzika yatsopano.

Kumbukirani kuti: Mayeso ndi chiyambi chabe, ndipo mphoto yeniyeni ndi kukhoza kuvota, kuthamangira ku ntchito, kutumikira paupo wa ajuli, ndi kukhala ndi phande lokwanira m’moyo wa democracy wa dziko lanu.