Table of Contents
Chiyambukiro cha Ndalama za Australia pa kufufuza kwa sayansi ndi kupangidwa kwa luso la zopangapanga chimakula kwambiri kuposa kungochotsa ndalama zoperekedwa ndi Nyumba ya Malamulo. Monga bungwe lalikulu limene lili ndi thayo la kulinganiza machenjera a ndalama, ndi kayendetsedwe ka zachuma, Treasury imapanga nyumba za za ndalama ndi zaumoyo zimene zimatheketsa . Kuzindikira mmene Kayendedwe ka chuma ndi sayansi ndi mbali yofufuza kuliri kofunika kuti amvetsetse mmene Australia amapezera ndalama zopikisana ndi chuma chake m’tsogolo ndi kuyendetsa bwino.
Kusintha kwa Zasayansi ndi Zaluso
Kayendedwe ka ndalama kakugwira ntchito monga woyang'anira chipata wa ndalama za boma. Ndalama iliyonse yowonongedwa pa mabungwe ofufuza, zisonkhezero za msonkho kaamba ka bizinesi R&D, kapena ndalama zothandizira zinzake ziyenera kutsata mwakuyang'anitsitsa kolimba kwa Expenditure Review Komiti (ERC), imene mipando ya Opereka ndalama. Malo ameneŵa amapatsa Treasury mphamvu yaikulu pa njira ndi ukulu wa kuyendetsa kwa sayansi ya Australia.
Kusintha kwa Ndalama ndi Kufufuza Dziko
Kupereka ndalama kaamba ka sayansi ndi kukonza zinthu zatsopano kumapangidwa kupyolera m'nyengo ya bajeti yapachaka, yowonjezera ndi Mid- Year Economic and Fiscal Outlook (MEFO). Mawu apamwamba oimira kampani . Instrustry ndi Science , Health and Elder Care , Defence, ndi Educationss (Kugonjera kwa ndalama ndi ndalama zothandizira ndalama. Ndalama imapenda zimenezi ndi malamulo a zapamwamba, zopikisana, ndi mikhalidwe ya zachuma. Macrocroclean Bactal 2023-24 adapatsidwa $1 biliyoni ku R&D, ngakhale kuti kugaŵira ndalama zimenezi kumasonyeza zinthu zofunika za boma, kuyambira ku quantamgated ndi nzeru zopeka kuti zikonzekenso hydrogen ndi kufufuza zamankhwala.
Kugonjera koyambirira kusanayambe kumachititsa kuti anthu ambiri afufuze zinthu monga Australian Academy of Science ndi gulu la mayunivesite 8 afune ndalama zothandizira kuti apeze ndalama.
Kusintha kwa Zinthu
Chilamuliro chachikulu cha Khate ya zachuma ndicho kuyendetsa kupita patsogolo kwamphamvu ndi kuwongolera ubwino wa anthu a ku Australia. Kufufuza kwa sayansi ndi kukonza zinthu n’zofunika kwambiri kuti ntchito iyende bwino. Bungwe la Treasury’s Treasurety Lipoti la mbadwo 2023 likusonyeza bwino lomwe kupita patsogolo kwa luso la zamakono ndi kusintha zinthu monga oyendetsa maatomu aakulu a moyo. Komabe, Kayendedwe a zachuma amayang'aniranso kukhazikika kwa chuma. Pamene kukwera kwa mitengo kwa chuma kwakwera, monga kwakhala kuyambira 2022, Khiriss , Khirisitale iyenera kulinganiza kufunika kwa kuwonjezera ndalama mu R&D ndi likulu la kuletsa kuwonjezera chitsenderezo cha ku chitsenderezo chamakono cha sayansi.
Kupereka Ndalama Zoyendetsera Ntchito Zofufuza za Dziko
Njira yoonekera kwambiri ya sayansi ya Ndalama ya Ndalama ndiyo kufunsira kwa mabungwe ofufuza pachaka. Mayeso ameneŵa amaperekedwa m'ma bajeti a partofolio ndipo ali okhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kuŵerengera madongosolo okhazikitsidwa ndi Treasurer’s Baccol Policy Division.
Bungwe Lofufuza la ku Australia (ARC)
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
Thanzi ndi kufufuza kwa zamankhwala kumalandira chichirikizo chachikulu cha Treasury . National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) [NFL:1] bajeti ya 2023-24 miliyoni $974 miliyoni. Pambuyo pa kupenda mwachindunji, Kotala ya Makampani ikhazikitsa [[FLT:] Kachilombo Kamtsogolo [M'tsogolo] Kanthu [MFLFF] [[FLD]] mu 2015, ndalama zothandizira kutembenuza. Ndalama zochokera ku MRFF, zogaŵiridwa ndi Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo, zimaperekedwa kuti zikafufuze ndi ntchito zamankhwala. MFFFFF imathandiza motani kupanga makina kuti ndalama zofufuzira za ndalama za chaka ndi chaka. Ndalama zothandizira ntchito yomasulira mayeso, kukonza ntchito yofufuza, ndi ntchito yopanga maluso a kuntchito a zaumoyo monga Demoti Chearths.
CSIRO ndi Cooperative Research Centres (CRCs)
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) imalandira pafupifupi $1 biliyoni pachaka kuchokera ku Treasury kudzera ku Industry ndi Science filorio . Ntchito ya CSIRO m'kufufuza kochitidwa, malonda, ndi malo a dziko (monga ngati Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathmeer) ndi chotulukapo chachindunji cha kuchilikiza kokhala ndi Treary. CRCRC, imene imagwirizanitsa ofufuza ndi maindasitale kuthetsera mavuto ovuta, imadaliranso pa zipata za Khiris. Ndalama za CRCRC program iri yotsika yotsika (pangika $70 miliyoni pachaka) koma ili ndi chiwonetso chachikulu chachuma, kusonyeza chikondwerero chapamwamba cha boma cha anthu opanga malonda a za makampani.
Kufufuza ndi Kupititsa Patsogolo Msonkho (RDTI)
Zoyerekezera Zosangalatsa ndi Zosasangalatsa
RDTI imapereka chiwonkhetso cha msonkho kaamba ka ntchito zoyenerera za R&D. Mabungwe okhala ndi kubwerera kopansi kwa $20 miliyoni angapeze kulephera kwa msonkho wotayika pa liŵiro la $4,5 pa K3 pa K3. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale mawotchi osapindulitsa angalandire ndalama kuchokera ku Ofesi ya Masheya (ATO). Makampani aakulu amapeza chochepetsera mtengo yosafunika pa liwolo la misonkhomo yowonjezera pa kampani yowonjezera (mwaŵikitsatsa 38.5 thi ya malo okhala ndi 25% ya msonkho).
Kukhulupirika ndi Kusintha Kogwirizana
Kugwira ntchito kwa RDTI kwakhala nkhani ya kupenda kwambiri Treasury . King Review (2016 ndi Ferris Review (2020) onse aŵiri anayamikira kusasamala kuti atsimikizire zosonkhezera zowonadi zofufuza zatsopano mmalo mwa ntchito zanthaŵi zonse. Kompaniyo inayankha mwa kuchotsa malamulo oletsa ntchito monga kukonza maprogramu anthaŵi zonse, uinjiniya, ndi kufufuza m'masitolo. Ofesi ya Mabungwe a Australian Mosamalitsa kwambiri zofunika zofunikira kuchirikiza kufufuza zinthu zatsopano m’malo mwa kuwonjezera njira zovomerezera, zolembera zolembedwapo, ndi mapulani a R&D. Kusintha kumeneku kwachepetsa chiŵerengero cha odzinenera koma kukula cha kugula zinthu, kulinganiza programu ndi chikhumbo chowonjezereka cha kukonzanso zinthu zofunika kwambiri.
Makonzedwe Abwino a Kugwira Ntchito Kolamulira
Bungweli limagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri magalimoto opereka ndalama kuti lithandize anthu a m’makampani okonza zinthu zatsopano kuti ateteze dziko lawo ndiponso kuti alimbitse chuma chawo.
Bungwe Lokonzanso Zinthu (NRF)
NTHAMBI ya NTSD imapereka ndalama zokongola, zitsimikizo, ndi kuikizira zinthu zapadera. NRF imalengeza m'magawo asanu ndi aŵiri mu 2022-23 Banki, ikutanthauza kusintha kwakukulu pa njira ya Kayendedwe ka ndalama. Mmalo mongopereka ndalama, NRF imakongoletsa, kutsimikizira, ndi kuyendetsa ndalama. NRF yapasachedwa inapangidwa kuti ithetse malo asanu ndi aŵiri: kukonzanso ndi kutulutsa zinthu zamakono, sayansi ya zamankhwala, zoyendera ndi zogwiritsa ntchito, mtengo wowonjezera chuma, chitetezo ndi malo, ndi chakudya. Bungwe lapanga NRF kukonzanso zobwezerera ndalama, kukonzanso mabizinesi amalikulu a mtsogolo. Chitsanzo chimenechi chinapangidwa kugonjetsa "kusintha imfa ya maluso a zamakono" kumene kuli kolephera kusoŵa ndalama zamakono.
AUKUS ndi Kukana Kuthetsa
AUKUS Pillation II iyang'ana pa umisiri wotsogola kwambiri: quantam compution, luntha la kujambula, ndi mphamvu za nkhondo zapansi pa nyanja. Boma lapereka ndalama zowonjezera zotchedwa $5 biliyoni kuti zigwiritsiridwe ntchito, kuphatikizapo $1.6 biliyoni ku Australian Defence Hub ndi Theast Generation Technials Fund, kuti apereke zinthu zamakono m'malo ameneŵa. Zimenezi zikuimira kusiyanitsa kuchokera ku anthu wamba a dziko la R&D ku luso la nkhondo, ndi maluso a nkhondo apadera a dziko lonse lofufuza ndi a yunivesite.
Mtsogolo Mopangidwa ku Australia Agenda
2023-24 Bajeti inayamba "Kupanga Malonda ku Australia", mpambo wa malamulo olinganizidwa kukopa kuikizira mphamvu zobiriŵira ndi kupanga . Treasury inapanga mabizinesi $.6 biliyoni ku maprogramu ameneŵa, kuphatikizapo programu ya madolalar Sun biliyoni $1, $50 miliyoni yopanga bhetri, ndi $392 miliyoni ya quantaum computing. Malamulo a Boma ndi akuti kuloŵerera kwa boma nkofunika ku de-risk poyamba ndi kukopa mapindu a chuma a kusintha kwa khoka la padziko lonse. Zimenezi zikuimira kubwerera kuchoka ku maparadig a m'misika a m'misika yokha ndi njira yopanga malonda ndi kubwerera ku dongosolo la maindasitale pansi pa KCM.
Kusintha kwa Chuma ndi Kusintha kwa Padziko Lonse
Kuti apende kubwezeredwa kwa ndalama zake zatsopano, a Treasury amayang’anira ntchito ya R&D kutsutsana ndi zilembo za dziko lonse ndi kupenda chothandizira cha sayansi ku ntchito ndi malonda.
Kuipa kwa R &D ku Australia m’Manda a OECD
Asross Expenditure pa R&D (GERD) monga peresenti ya GDP imaima pa 1.8%, pansi pa avareji ya OECD ya 2.7%. Kuvutitsa kowonjezereka kwa Trinity kuli mlingo wotsika wa Kayendedwe ka Busitale pa R&D (BERD), imene yatsika pa nkhanu ya 1.38% ya GDP mu 2008 mpaka 09% ku 0.9% mu 2021-222. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti ndalama za pachaka zokwana $3 biliyoni za KHDTI sizikutha kuchepetsa mphamvu ya pambali ya munthu. [FL:] Commoctivestions 5-lity [201] yofuna kuwonjezereka, ndi kuwonjezera KGP.
Malonda ndi Malire a Kumasulira Mabuku
Australia akupanga mwamphamvu pa kufufuza . Kufalitsa 4% ya zofalitsa zofufuza za dziko ndi 0.3% ya anthu a dziko lonse. Komabe, imakhala ndi vuto pa kutsatsa kufufuzaku. Treasur yapeza mpata wotembenuza umenewu kukhala kuyendetsa ntchito. Poyankha, yachirikiza njira zothandizira zoyambira za malonda. Maprogramu ameneŵa ayesa kukonzanso zinthu zokopa zamalonda mu mayunivesite ndi m'makampani
Mabungwe Ofuna Kugwiritsa Ntchito Malo Ochitira Ntchito ndi Tsogolo la Kufufuza
Ngakhale kuti pali njira yochitira zinthu, Treasury imayang’anizana ndi kuchepa kwakukulu m’kuchirikiza ndi kufutukuka kwa ndalama za sayansi.
Vuto la Kupereka Ndalama pa Yunivesite ndi Mtengo wa Kufufuza
Bungwe la Australian Universities System Lomaliza (2024) linagogomezera kuti kufufuza kwapamwamba kwa ophunzira kumavutitsidwa kwambiri. Programme yofufuza imapereka 30% ya malipiro a kuchirikiza kufufuza, pamene kuli kwakuti mtengo weniweni wayerekezeredwa pa 50-60% ya ndalama zofufuzira. Zimenezi zikutanthauza mayunivesite ofufuza otsatsa ndalama za ophunzira a padziko lonse . . Komiti ya zachuma yakhala yosafuna kuwonjezera ndalama zowonjezera pa mtengo wapamwamba wa filimu, ngakhale kuti ikugwirizana kuti pansi pa kusakaza kufufuza ndi kukonza zinthu.
Kukwera kwa Ndalama ndi Kulimbitsa Madzi
Pressure-COVID yakakamiza Treasureal kuti ilumikizike padera. Kunena zoona, bajeti zambiri za sayansi zikutha. Ndalama za ARC zakhala zopanda mphamvu kwa zaka, kutanthauza kulephera kwake kugula zinthu ndi kukwera mtengo kwa ndalama. Cholinga cha Treasury kubwezera ndalama zotsala pa nthaŵi yaifupi chimapangitsa mavuto a nyengo yaitali, likulu loleza mtima limene sayansi imafuna. Mtengo wa Aspearency Report ukuvomereza vutoli, ukumati ndalama zogulira ndalama m'malikulu ndi zamakono n’zofunika kuti zisungike, ngakhale ngati zingafunikire kulephera ndalama m'nyengo yaifupiyi.
Unansi Wosintha Pakati pa Ndalama, Maindasitale, ndi Academia
Chitsanzo cha mwambo wa zopereka ndi ofufuza akuwonjezera pa njira yowonjezereka yoperekera malangizo, njira yoyendera ntchito. Treasurer ikufuna kwambiri umboni wa kugwirizana, kugwirizana, ndi kulinganiza zinthu zofunika za dziko kuchokera kwa ofufuza a ndalama. Chiphunzitso cha Reance and Benicement (RIA), pamene chikuyang'aniridwa ndi ARC, chimasonyeza mapangano a mlandu wa bungwe la ARC. Makampani a malonda amachititsa kutchuka kwambiri, ndipo maprogramu onga Cofective Research Centers (CRC) ndi maprojects a kufuna ndalama zofanana kapena zopereka kwa anthu amalonda a m'makampani. Chikhalidwe chimenechi chimasonyeza kuti apitirize kuyang'anira chuma cha ndalama zonse zopezedwa m'zachuma.
Kuyang'ana kutsogolo, chitsimikizo cha Treasure ya Treasurer ya kusungidwa kwa madongosolo a sayansi chidzatsimikizira kukhoza kwa Australia kwa kusintha kwa masinthidwe a zachuma. Kukhulupirika kwa RDTI, kukhazikitsidwa kwa NRF, kudalira kwa ndalama za yunivesite, ndi njira zapadera za AUKUS ndi Zamtsogolo zopangidwa m'makonzedwe a Australia siziri kokha zinthu zapampambo za ndandanda ya ndalama. Ziri zisonyezero zotsimikizirika za dzikozo kukhala la mpikisano, chuma chozikidwa pa chidziŵitso. Kuzindikira mmene Trendayo imagwirira ntchito, kulephera kwake, ndi malamulo ake nkofunika chotero kwa aliyense wofuna kusonkhezera kapena kupindula ndi ndalama za ku Australia m'sayansi ndi ntchito zatsopano.