Kuloŵerana Kovuta kwa Madzi ndi Mitundu ya Zamoyo Zopulumuka

Malamulo amadzi amasankha mmene madzi abwino amaperekedwera, kugwiritsiridwa ntchito, ndi kutetezeredwa. Mitundu ya m'madzi yowonongeka "kuchokera ku mamazon] dolphin ya mu mtsinje wa ku [FLT] Eupane eel [ ]. Malamulo ameneŵa angatanthauza kusiyana pakati pa kuchira ndi kutha. Madzi ogwira ntchito amathandiza anthu kuchepetsa zofunika za madzi akumwa, ulimi, ndi maindasitale ndi zinthu zachilengedwe za m'madzi. Pamene achitidwa bwino, amaletsa kugaŵidwa kwa malo, kuipitsa, ndi kusungitsa maulamuliro amene amadalira pakudyetsa, chakudya, ndi kusamuka.

Komabe, malamulo ambiri a madzi amene alipo anakonzedwa mavuto a mitundu yosiyanasiyana asanamvedwe. Iwo amaika patsogolo phindu la kanthaŵi ka chuma kapena kulephera kuchititsa zotsatirapo zake. Kukonzanso madongosolo ameneŵa ndi zolinga zolondola za mitundu ya zamoyo ndizo cholinga cha dziko lonse tsopano. Magulu onga Internationalpote Union ya Kuteteza zachilengedwe (IUCN) ndi matupi a mitundu monga U.S Proviced Agency Agency

Kusamalira Madzi M’nyanja N’kofunika Kwambiri

Madzi amasintha mbali iliyonse ya kuthupi ndi ya makemikolo ya m'madzi. Amapanga mtsinje wochepa, amakhazikitsa malire a malo otetezera, ndi kukhazikitsa malire a malo otetezera. Zida zoyendetsera zinthu zimenezi zimakhudza mwachindunji kupulumuka kwa nyama. Mwachitsanzo, Vaquatie porpoise ([FLT]]] [[FCOTENA]] [PHOMENA] sinus ) mu Gulf of California iri pangozi yaikulu chifukwa cha kugwidwa ndi kupha nsomba zopanda lamulo, ntchito yoyendetsera ndi malamulo oletsa kusodza nsomba ndi kusoŵa kwa zinthu zina zodzisungira kwa anthu akudera. Strong ster ndi malamulo a oteteza zinthu za m'malo a boma, osawononga, ndi okhoza kugwiritsa ntchito m’malo amodzi.

Ndiponso, malamulo a madzi amasamalira ziwopsezo zokulira monga ngati kugwetsa kwa ulimi, kumene kumapanga malo akufa amene amatsekereza nsomba ndi zinzake za fupa. Gulf of Mexico chigawo chakufa, chogwirizanitsidwa ndi katundu wa Mississippi, ndi chotulukapo cha mwachindunji cha malamulo a madzi osalimba. Mofananamo, madamu ndi zopinga za madzi zimasintha maulamuliro achilengedwe, kutseka nsomba ndi kuchepetsa kucholoŵana kwa malo okhala. Ziŵiya zonga ngati kuzungulira malo okhala ndi malamulo a madamu zili zofunika kwa mitundu yonga Atlantic salmon ndi [FLT:] .Melikanel .

Pamlingo wa mitundu yonse, mapangano onga Chivomerezo pa Biological Diversity ndi Ramsar Convention ku Wetlands [ akupereka maziko a kuyendetsa madzi oyenda. Komabe kukwaniritsa kaŵirikaŵiri kumatsalira. Popanda kukakamiza malamulo a dziko amene amaphatikizapo mapangano ameneŵa, mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo ikupitirizabe kutha.

Njira Zopulumutsira Kusunga Mwakambitsiridwa

Kumanga ndi Kujambula Malo Otetezedwa

Malo otetezeredwa a m'nyanja (MPAS) ndi malo osungiramo madzi abwino ndi matanthwe a kutetezera a m'madzi. Pamene ayang'aniridwa bwino, amatetezera malo owopsa ku ntchito zowononga zonga ngati kumira pansi, kugwedezeka, ndi kumanga gombe. . [Platahānaumuraumāa Marine National Monument [1] ku Hawaii, limodzi la malo otetezeredwa kwambiri pa Dziko Lapansi, zonga ngati mkhalamo mkhalamo a mkhalamo ndi nyama zobiriŵira zonga Rio Grande ndi Coloradorados amathandiza kusungitsabe zotsala za nsomba za ku Rio Grande silver dimennow.

Komabe, ma MPA ambiri amakhala ndi pepala lokha , malire, kapena mapulani auyang'aniro. Malamulo a madzi okhutiritsa ayenera kuphatikizapo kuperekera ndalama zoyendera , ] umbano waunyinji wogwirizana [, ndipo [[FLT:]] ndi [FLT]] maulamuliro ogwirizana [apadera] . Mwachitsanzo, Great Barrier Moneral Marinector imagwiritsira ntchito njira yosaphatikiza malo osungiramo zinthu ndi zigawo zogwirizana ndi zogwiritsidwa ntchito, zochirikiridwa ndi programu yokwanira. Chitsanzo chimenechi chimasonyeza kuti njira yosungidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chuma ndi kusodza.

Kulimbikitsa Malamulo Oletsa Kuipitsa

Kuipitsa ndiko chochititsa chachikulu cha mitundu ya zamoyo za m’madzi. Mapessitiki, zitsulo zolemera, mapulasitiki, ndi mankhwala otsala amasonkhanitsa m'madzi, kusokoneza kubala, kukula, ndi ntchito ya chitetezo. Madzi ayenera kukhazikitsa miyezo yokhwima ndi kulimbikitsa mankhwala obiriŵira. Malamulo Oyeretsa A madzi ku United States achepetsa kuipitsa kwa malo kuchokera ku mafakitale ndi zomera zotaya zokhalamo madzi, koma osafunikira kwenikweni kuipitsa zinthu ndi ulimi [1]

Malamulo osintha zinthu monga [[FLT: 0] Amalola oipitsa madzi okongola kugula mangawa kwa alimi amene amachita ntchito zabwino zoyendetsera ntchito zawo, kupanga zisonkhezero zachuma zochepetsera katundu wa chakudya. Chhesake Bay Program [1] Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yogulitsa kutsitsa nayitrogen ndi phosphorus, kuthandiza kutsitsimutsa zomera za m’madzi ndi kuchirikiza mitundu ya zingwe zabuluu ndi ziwiri. Maluso ofanana ndi ameneŵa amapimidwa kaamba ka Nyanja ya Baltic, kumene eutphocic iwopseza mitundu ngati ya Baltic.

3. Kulimbikitsa Anthu Kugwiritsa Ntchito Madzi Osawonongeka

Kuchotsa madzi othirira, maindasitale, ndi makampani amawononga mitsinje ndi maaquifer, kutsala osakwanira kuti kukhale moyo wa m’madzi. Madzi ayenera kulimbikitsa kuteteza madzi, kuwongolera kothandiza kwambiri , ndi [FLT] kukhazikitsa malamulo oteteza dziko lapansi, ngakhale kuti kusintha kwa nyengo kumasintha.

Apolisi angaperekenso mphamvu [[FLT: 0] yoyendetsa madzi amagawana [1] [1] Kulingalira kuti madzi amatulutsa madzi panthaŵi zina za chaka kuti ayese kulira kwachilengedwe. Madziwa amachititsa nsomba kutulutsa, kuika zinyalala pa mathiransi, ndi kuchotsa zinthu zokhala ndi zomera kumtunda. San Joquin River Reformation Program [1] ku California kukubwezeretsa mwamphamvu kukhazikitsanso anthu a mbanda a chisanu ndi chiwindi cha Chintooki, chimene chinakhala chitachita zaka makumi ambiri.

Kufufuza Zochita za Kukonzanso Zinthu za Pakipeto

Malo owonongeka angabwezeretsedwe mwa ntchito zopanga. Kuchotsedwa kwa Dam kwatsimikizira kukhala kothandiza kwambiri kwa nsomba zosamukasamuka. Kuchotsedwa kwa Elwha ndi Glines Canyon Dams ku Washington State kungatsegule makilomita 70 a kutulutsa malo okhala a nsomba za Pacific ndi steel traut , kutsogolera ku ku kuchotsa kwa mwamsanga. Magazi angasungitse njira zopimira nsomba, kufunikira njira zoyendera pa madamu omwe alipo, ndi kuchotsa kwa mapangano a magetsi oikidwa m'madzi.

Kubwezeretsa zinthu ndi chinthu china chofunika kwambiri. Mphepo ya mchenga ya m’mphepete mwa nyanja imawomba, zoipitsa zoseŵerera, ndi kupereka malo osungirako zamoyo mazana ambiri. Costal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Reformation Act ku Louisiana imagaŵira madola zikwi mabiliyoni kuti abwezeretsedwe madambo amene amachirikiza zinyama zoda za ku Louisiana zokhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya nsomba. Mofananamo, [FLT:] Eupanean Water Foundation Retractive Directive Directive [[FLT3]]

Mavuto a Kugwiritsira Ntchito Madzi Achipambano

Kutsutsa ndale ndi Kupikisana kwa Zikondwerero

Madzi ndi chiwongola dzanja cha ndale. Makampani a zaulimi, makampani a mphamvu ya madzi, ndi ma magetsi a m’matauni kaŵirikaŵiri amatsutsa malamulo amene amachepetsa kupezeka kwawo kapena kuwonjezereka kwa ndalama. Mwachitsanzo, zoyesayesa za kutetezera Delta sment [1] mu Sacramento-San Joquin Delta ya ku California yakhala yophwanyidwa m'makhoti ndi nkhondo za ndale zadziko, ndi ogwiritsira ntchito madzi akutsutsa kuti malo ozungulira akuwononga ulimi ndi operekedwa ndi boma. Oyendetsa ntchito apolisi ayenera kuyendetsa nkhondo zimenezi mwa njira zoonetsera, zosungira, ndi njira zobwezera za kukhudza anthu.

Mavuto a Zachuma ndi Maganizo Aafupi

Malo ambiri amadzi monga kumanga madamu kapena kukumba madzi pansi pa nthaka . N’zolungamitsidwa ndi mapindu achuma a mwamsanga, pamene kuli kwakuti mitengo ya nthaŵi yaitali ya malo okhala imatsutsidwa. Nthaŵi zazifupi zimenezi ndizo chopinga chachikulu. Mwachitsanzo, tsoka la pa Nyanja ya Aral linayambika ndi kudyetsera thonje kwa zaka makumi ambiri amene anapatutsa mitsinje popanda kuŵerengera zotsatira za malo okhala. Lerolino, mphamvu zofananazo zikuwopseza Nyanja ya Urmia mu Iran ndi Colorado Rita.

Kusoŵeka kwa Sayansi Yofufuza ndi Kufufuza

Malamulo a madzi amafunika kudziŵa zinthu zofunikira pa mitundu ya zamoyo, kuchuluka kwa madzi, ndi kuchuluka kwa maulamuliro. Magawo ambiri, makamaka m'maiko osatukuka, alibe zipangizo zoyendera nthaŵi zonse. Zimenezi zimachititsa kuti kukhale kovuta kupenda kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kuona zizindikiro zochenjeza. Mayanjano apadziko lonse monga Gelson Foliteral Biodiversity Assesment [1] Kufuna kukwaniritsa mipata imeneyi, koma kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama ndi malo osungirako ntchito, nkofunika kwambiri. Popanda nzeru, malamulo adakali ongoganizira.

Kudziwitsa Anthu ndi Kudziloŵetsamo

Kuteteza madzi kaŵirikaŵiri kumayambitsa nkhani zina za malo okhala. Anthu ambiri sakudziŵa kuti madzi awo amayambukira mwachindunji mitundu ya zamoyo zokhala pangozi makilomita mazana ambiri. Masukulu a maphunziro, maprogramu a sayansi, ndi zipangizo zokhoza kupezeka zoperekera lipoti zingamangitse chitaganya kuchirikiza malamulo amphamvu a madzi. Mwachitsanzo, Lake Ontario Palectal Reconveration Program [1] Lake Ontario Atlantic Salmon program [1] Active [1] antchito ya antchito a boma kuyeretsa ndi kusonkhanitsa nsomba, kulimbikitsa lingaliro la udindo umene umatembenuzira ku chitsenderezo cha ndale cha kutetezera madzi.

Kufufuza za Kachitidwe ka Kuchira kwa Madzi ndi Zamoyo

Mavaquita: Mpikisano Wothetsa Kusoloka

Vaquita porpoise, yomwe ili ndi anthu osakwanira 10 omwe atsala, ndilo malo okhawo okhalamo osavuta padziko lonse. Limodzi mwa malo ake ndi Northern Gulf of California, kumene kuli kugwedeza nsomba za totoaba . Imaika dala pangozi [1] maporpoise monga kachilombo. Mexico wapanga chiletso chosatha ku Vaquita pobir, chochirikizidwa ndi kuyang'anira mawu ndi kusungitsa. Komabe, ndale zandale zakhala zikugwedezeka, ndipo usodzi ukupitiriza. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti lamulo la kuletsa kusungidwa ndi kupha asodzi.

Kuchira kwa Salmoni ku Atlantic Pansi pa Njira ya Mitundu ya Zamoyo Yotsala Pang’ono Kutha

Chiŵerengero cha nsomba za ku Atlantic m'dziko la United States chatsika chifukwa cha madamu, kuipitsa, ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Zondandalitsidwa monga zokhala pangozi mu Maine, mitundu ya mitundu ya mapindu kuchokera ku Act yowopsezedwa (ESA) imene imalamulira kukonzanso ndi malo okhala. Malamulo amadzi amaphatikizapo dama (mphindi, Edwards Dam mu Augusta), kupititsa patsogolo kwa nsomba, ndi kuchepetsa kubwereramo kwa madzi. Zolemba zaposachedwapa zimasonyeza kuwonjezereka pang'onong’ono kwa akulu, koma mitundu imakhala yosatetezeka kwambiri. ESA imapereka kuima kwalamulo, koma kukonzanso kufunikira ndalama ndi kugwirizana kwa ophanirana.

Kuteteza Nyama za Opaleshoni M’mitsinje ya Caspian ndi Danube

Signion, wotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kavitar, wawonongedwa ndi kusodza kopambanitsa, kuphatikitsa, ndi kumanga damu. M'nyanja ya Caspian, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CUTS) amalamulira malonda a caviar, koma malonda osaloleka. Ku Ulaya, ndalama za [[FLT:] Falg] Starge Force [[[FFO:3] imagwira ntchito ndi maiko kuchotsa malire ndi kuchepetsa ndi kusamula. Malamulo amadzi monga Pulo la moyo [FLD:] ndi kukonzanso. [FFoctive]

Malo Osungira Malo Osungiramo Malo: Chitokoso cha Padziko Lonse

Matanthwe a matanthwe a ma coral akuyang'anizana ndi ziwopsezo zochokera ku kutentha kwa madzi, kutentha kwa nyanja, ndi kuipitsa kwa nthaka. Malamulo a madzi akumalo akumalo angachepetse kuwonongeka kwa nthaka ndi kutha kwa chakudya, koma kusintha kwa nyengo kumafuna kuchepetsa utsi wa dziko lonse. Reef 2050 Learling Sustability Plan [[FLL:1] ya Great Barrièrey imaphatikizapo malo abwino, monga kuchepetsa nayitirojeni yotuluka ndi 80% pofika 2025. Zotsatira zake zoyambirira zimasonyeza kuwonjezereka kwa matanthwe ena a nyanja, koma 2024 zikuwopseza zochitika za malamulo a kumalo okha. Zimenezi zimalimbitsa kufunika kwa madongosolo a nyengo a m'malungwe a madzi.

Ntchito ya Zipani za Padziko Lonse ndi Kugwirizana Kosasintha

Mitundu yambiri ya m’madzi imasamuka kudutsa malire a ndale. Cinversion pa Mirhour Species (CMS) imapereka maziko otetezera mitundu ya zamoyo monga Amazonfish ndi [FLT] [[FLT:]] ndi [FLT]] Bramy kite [. Komabe, kuyendetsa kumadalira malamulo a m'madzi ogwirizana ndi mapangano. [[FLT:] Msonkhano wa [1] [FLT] pansi pa bungwe la Economic Comstion kaamba ka kuthandiza maiko kugaŵana mitsinje, koma osagwirizana mwalamulo m'mayiko ambiri.

Ku Southeast Asia, Mekong River Commission imagwirizanitsa kuyendetsa madzi pakati pa Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, ndi Vietnam. Imalimbana ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mphamvu ya madzi ndi kusungidwa kwa dolphin ndi [FLT]] tramdrate trapray . Madongosolo a zachikhalidwe monga kuyendetsa malo okhala ndi kupenda kowonjezereka akukula, koma kusungidwa kwa dongosolo kukukhalabe kofooka. Mkupitilimbira kufunikira zisonkhetso zolimba ndi ndalama zochirikitsira mada aakulu.

Kusintha kwa Nyengo: Mfundo Yatsopano Yokhudza Madzi

Kusintha kwa nyengo kukusintha kayendedwe ka mvula, kusungunuka kwa madzi, ndi kutentha kwa madzi. Kusintha kumeneku kukuwononga kwambiri mitundu ya zamoyo za m’madzi. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba za m’madzi ozizira monga n’zotchedwa bout ndi [FLT] brook traut ku North America] kumatha kukhala ndi malo otentha. Madzi ayenera kuphatikiza njira zoyendera: kuonetsetsa kuti madzi azikhala m’madera ololerana, kukonza nyengo yotentha, ndi kuyenda kuti athame ndi kugwedewera ndi chilala.

National Climate Assessment mu U.S. imalimbikitsa kugwirizanitsa kugaŵidwa kwa nyengo m'zigawo za madzi. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo Colorado River Contatency Plan , imene imachepetsa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa madzi mkati mwa kusoŵa kwa kutetezera nsomba zokhala pangozi monga kuvunda. Mofananamo, [FLT: 4.] Mapangano a Australia [Murray-Dring Basting Plan masinthidwe a zinthu zochepetsedwa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo, koma kugula madzi kuyenera kukhala kotsutsana ndi nkhani zandale zadziko. Mapangano a mtsogolo ayenera kukhala osinthasinthasinthasintha mwamsanga kuti asungidwe mwamsanga.

Mmene Makina Oyendetsera Madzi Amapezera Malipiro, Kufufuza, ndi Kukonzanso Zinthu

Madzi samangolamulira dala ndi ndalama zothandizira. Screate State Revoiting Fund imapereka ngongole zochepera zokongoletsera ntchito za m'madzi zimene zimachepetsa kuipitsa. Ndalama zambiri zimalinganiza ntchito zimene zimapindulitsa mitundu ya madzi, monga kukonzanso zomera zotaya madzi kapena kubwezeretsa malo owononga. Eupane Regional Development Fund [ zimachirikiza njira zofananazo kudutsa EU.

Kufufuza kuli chotulukapo china. Policies mofanana ndi U.S. Endangered Species Act imafunikira makonzedwe akukonzanso kumene kumasintha njira zofufuzira . monga kumvetsetsa njira zosamukira kapena malo osungira. Mabungwe a boma amathandizira maphunziro omwe amadziŵitsa mwachindunji za kuyang'anira madzi. Mwachitsanzo, kufufuza madzi a dolphin madolphin kayendedwe kawosintha malamulo a kusodza nsomba ku Brazil. Polishini imasonkhezeranso kuyambitsidwa kwa DNA (e .DNAGeneG:5], kumene kumalola, kufufuzidwa kwa mwamsanga, kosafunikira kwa mitundu ya mitundu. Programup ya EPA’s Reformation Ex Exchanges Seaces Redition kuchirikiza njira zoipitsa zinthu za DNA.

Mapeto ake: Nkhwangwa za M’nyanja

Malamulo a madzi sali chikalata chachikhalire [1] Chida chamoyo chimene chiyenera kusinthika ndi chidziŵitso chatsopano cha sayansi, kusintha mikhalidwe ya malo okhala, ndi kusintha kwa makhalidwe a anthu. Kusungidwa kwa mitundu ya m'madzi othedwa kumadalira pa malamulo amene amazikidwa, okhoza kusungidwa, ndi okhoza kusintha. Nkhani zachipambano, zonga ngati kukonzedwanso kwa nsomba za Atlantic m'mitsinje ina kapena kusungunulidwa kwa Murrayray cod, zimasonyeza kuti njira yamadzi yogwira ntchito ikhoza kusintha. Koma zopambana zimenezi n’zosachedwa ndipo zimafunikira kudikira.

Kuti ayese chipambano chimenechi, maboma ayenera kugwirizanitsa mitundu ya zamoyo ndi kupanga zigamulo zonse zogwirizana ndi madzi . Kuyambira ku madamu ochotsa madzi mpaka ku kufalikira kwa magombe. Kugwirizana kwa mitundu yonse kuyenera kuchititsa zinthu zofunikira kuphatikizapo ziyambukiro za kusagwirizana. Chikhalidwe cha nzika chimachita mbali yake kupyolera mwa kusungidwa kwa nyanja ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi madzi ochuluka.

Zinthu zachilengedwe za m’madzi zikutha mofulumira kuposa zamoyo za m’nyanja. Mitundu iliyonse ya zamoyo imene imawonongeka imasonyeza kuti zamoyo zonse zikutha ndipo zimadalirana.