Table of Contents

Mbali Yofunika Kwambiri ya Maboma a M’malowo m’Kulabadira ndi Kuchira

Pamene tsoka lachilengedwe kapena ngozi yaikulu yadzidzidzi, maboma a m'maderawo ndiwo njira yoyamba yotetezera anthu. Kuchokera pamene mphepo yamkuntho ikugwetsa dziko kufikira ku moto wofalikira m'madera a m’midzi, zochita zochitidwa ndi akuluakulu a mzinda ndi a boma m'maola oyambirira ndi masiku zimatsimikizira mlingo wa kuvutika kwa anthu ndi kuwonongeka kwa katundu. Maboma a m’maderawo sangokhala otenga mbali m'manja mwa oyang'anira ngozi; iwo ndiwo otsogolera ovomereza ndi kuchira m’madera awo. Nkhaniyi imapereka kusanthula kozama kwa mathayo awo, zitokosokoso, ndi kubuka kwa zochita zabwino m'dziko la tsoka lamakono.

Kuzindikira Udindo wa Maboma a M’malomo m’Nthaŵi za Masoka

Ntchito ya maboma a m'deralo poyang'anira masoka ndi yalamulo ndi yogwirizana ndi ntchito. Ku United States, Stafford Act ndi boma limaika malamulo apadera a kayendetsedwe ka zinthu zogwa mwadzidzidzi m'deralo. Malamulowa amasonyeza mfundo yakuti masoka ndi zochitika za kumaloko, ndipo atsogoleri a m'deralo akudziŵa bwino kwambiri zofunika za anthu, maziko, ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya boma. Udindo wa boma la kumaloko umapatsira moyo wonse watsoka: kukonzekera, kuyankha, ndi kuchira.

Ulamuliro Walamulo ndi Wogwira Ntchito

Meya, bungwe la mzinda, bungwe la akuluakulu a boma, ndi manijala wa ngozi wa kumaloko ali ndi ulamuliro wolengeza boma lakwawoko la zangozi, limene limasonkhezera madongosolo a ngozi ndi kuyambitsa mapangano a chithandizo. Chilengezo chimenechinso chopempha boma ndi thandizo la boma. Popanda ntchito yoyamba imeneyi, boma ndi chuma cha boma sizingayende mwalamulo ku malo okhudzidwa. Udindo walamulo umenewu ngwokha ndipo sungathe kuperekedwa pamwamba. Mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pa mphepo ya Katrina, kuchedwa kwa chivomerezo cha boma kuchedwa, kusonyeza zotsatirapo za kulephera kwa boma.

Udindo Wofunika: Kuwonongeka Kokwanira

Ntchito za boma za m’deralo pa nthawi ya tsoka ndiponso pamene anthu ayamba kuchira zingaphatikizidwe m’madera asanu ndi limodzi ovuta kwambiri.

  • Kufufuza ndi Kuzindikira kwa Maderesi: Mphindi zochepa za tsoka, maboma akwanuko ayenera kuyamba kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso chenicheni cha nthaŵi yowonongeka, ovulala, ndi malo amene pali katundu. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito mafanizo a ndege, kutumiza madipatimenti a moto ndi apolisi, ndi kuyang'anira manyuzipepala a anthu pa malipoti a chitaganya.
  • Kugwirizanitsa kwa Ntchito Zochuluka- Zofunika: Malo apafupi a ngozi (EOC) kumakhala maziko a kugwirizanitsa boma, boma, kusakhala phindu, ndi ziwiya za m'chigawo. EOC imatsimikizira kuti madipatimenti a moto, EMS, ntchito zapoyera, kuyang'anira nyama, ndi mabungwe odzifunira sakugwira ntchito pa mtanda wa zolinga. Kugwirizana kothandiza kumagwiritsira ntchito Komiti ya Ulozati (ICS), imene imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzungulira dziko lonse. Kaamba ka ICS, onani [[FL:2] FMA MPLAWULES .
  • Project of Emergency Services ndi Shelter : Maboma akuyang'anira kutsegulidwa ndi kugwira ntchito kwa malo osungirako ngozi, kugaŵidwa kwa chakudya ndi madzi (malo ogaŵira kapena POD), ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo a zamankhwala. Amayang'aniranso kuchotsedwa kwa zinyalala m’misewu ya onse ndi ziwitso zothandizira kulola magalimoto odziwitsa. Chigulu cha Red Cross kaŵirikaŵiri chimagwira ntchito ndi maboma akumalo, koma boma lidakalibe litsogole kaamba ka makompyuta ndi chitetezo.
  • Kulankhulana ndi Kuchenjeza: Kulankhulana kwapanthaŵi yake, kolondola, ndi kogwira ntchito ndi ntchito ndi ntchito ya boma yakumaloko. Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka malamulo opulumukira, kupereka malo obisala, ndi kutsutsa. Zida zamakono zimaphatikizapo kubwezera madongosolo 911, Zengezo za Emeternals (M’monga), masiteji olankhulira a anthu, ndi makompyuta ofikirika a anthu okhala ndi zopunduka kapena Chingelezi chochepa.
  • Umboni wa Boma (COG): Kutsimikizira kuti ntchito za boma zofunika zikupitiriza pambuyo poti tsoka lachitika. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo kusungitsa mphamvu zothandizira pa zochitika zamwadzidzidzi, kuteteza maofesi a anthu, ndi kukonza malo ena osonkhanira akuluakulu a boma. Popanda COG, chitaganya chimataya kukhoza kwake kupanga zosankha zalamulo, kulipirira antchito, ndi kukonza maseŵero a boma othandizira.
  • Kulinganiza kwa Nthaŵi Yaitali Kothandiza: Kuchira sikumangomanganso zimene zinalipo. Maboma a kumaloko ayenera kuyang'anira kuopsa kwa ngozi, kuyang'anira chithatso cha boma (monga ngati FEMA's Public Transformation and Harated Mitigation Program ), ndi kuthandizira anthu pa kuoneratu kwa nthaŵi yaitali kuti akonzenso luso ndi kutetezereka. FEMA Community Development Memodeficial Officet Officet Comment[FL:3] imapereka malangizo atsatanetsatane kwa mabwanalampers pooperation Program .

Kukonzekera: Maziko a Kulabadira Kogwira Mtima

Kuyankha kwatsoka ndi kuchira kumadalira kotheratu pa mtundu wa ntchito yokonzekera yochitidwa kalelo chisanachitike ngozi. Kukonzekera kaŵirikaŵiri kumaonedwa kukhala kwamtengo wapamwamba ndi akuluakulu osankhidwa ndi oyang’anira za bajeti ozindikira bwino, komabe ndiko kuletsa kwakukulu koposa kwa kulimba kwa chitaganya. Maboma a m'dziko amene amapanga ndalama zokonzera kupulumutsa miyoyo ndi kuchepetsa chiyambukiro cha zachuma.

Kukonzekera Kuchita Opaleshoni ya Mwadzidzidzi (MaeoP)

A Emergency Observations Plan ndi mapulani a kachitidwe. Iyenera kupendedwa ndi kukonzedwanso chaka chilichonse, kuphatikizapo mfundo kuchokera kwa osunga masukulu (masukulu, zipatala, makampani, makampani), ndi kugwirizana ndi boma ndi kulinganiza kwa boma. Koma mapulani a pa shelufu ndi opanda pake. Makonzedwewo ayenera kuchitidwa mwa kujambula, kuyeseza pathebulo, ndi mapikication okwanira. Mwachitsanzo, chigawo chimene chimagwira ntchito ya mphepo yamphamvu yothamanga, mathiro a pamsewu, ndi nkhani za malo ogona adzachitapo bwino kwambiri kuposa amene sanachitidwepo m’zaka zitatu.

Kuphunzitsa ndi Kukonzekeretsa Oyamba Kulandira

Maboma a m’derali ali ndi udindo wophunzitsa apolisi, moto, EMS, ndi antchito a boma pa njira zothandizira tsoka. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo maphunziro apadera a zochitika zapamadzi, kufunafuna ndi kupulumutsa anthu, ndi kuchititsa anthu kufa. Kuwonjezera apo, kuonetsetsa kuti galimoto zoyankha, zipangizo zolankhulirana, ndi zipangizo zodzitetezera zaumwini zikusungidwa bwino ndiponso zikuthandizidwa ndi vuto lomwe likupitirizabe. Kukonza ndalama kumachepetsa ndalama zophunzitsira anthu, koma zimenezi ndi zowononga ntchito.

Maphunziro a Onse ndi Kugwirizana kwa Anthu

Nzika zifunikira kudziŵa maupandu amene zimayang'anizana nawo ndi kukonzekera. Maboma a m’malowo ayenera kuchititsa ndawala zopitira anthu, misonkhano ya anthu, kupereka ziwiya zokonzera chidziŵitso, ndi kusunga tsamba lopatulidwa pa webusaiti yawo ndi zinthu zonga ngati malo opulumukirako ndi malo ogona. Kugwirizana ndi sukulu zakumaloko, malo olambirira, ndi mayanjano a anthu akufupi kukufika. Programme monga Cep.gov's "Severy Community" imapereka masinthidwe ndi machitidwe abwino kwambiri amene maboma a m’dziko angatenge.

Kumanga Zochezera za Pa Intaneti

Palibe boma lakomwelo limene lingayang'anire tsoka lokha. Mayanjano okhazikitsidwa ndi zipangizo zoyendera, mabungwe a zoyendera, zipatala, mabungwe osapanga phindu (monga Chija cha Salvation Army ndi Chithandizo cha Katolika), ndi ogulitsa a m'mbali (monga masitolo ndi makampani omanga) ngofunika. Mapangano a GAUNIO ndi maulamuliro apafupi amalola kugawana zinthu zothandizira. Mayanjano ameneŵa ayenera kulembedwa mwamsanga kuti apeŵe kusemphana kwalamulo ndi kutsutsana kwa lamulo.

Zimene Achita: Maola 72 Oyamba

Chivomerezo cha mwamsanga ku tsoka ndicho nyengo yapamwamba, yotsenderezedwa ndi nthaŵi. Maola 72 oyambirira ndiwo ofunika kwambiri populumutsa miyoyo, maziko a zinthu, ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo ndi ulamuliro. Maboma a m'dziko ayenera kupha anthu mofulumira ndi molongosoka.

Kupanga Njira ya Maseŵero a M’maseŵera Oopsa (EOC)

Atalandira chenjezo lodalirika kapena malipoti oyambirira a chochitika chinachake, manijala wa malo angozi akusonkhezera EOC. Ili ndi malo apakati kumene oimira a madipatimenti onse ndi mabungwe ena amagwirizana amasonkhana. EOC salamula ntchito za m'magawo; amapereka chichirikizo, zipangizo, ndi malangizo apadera kwa akazembe opanga zochitika. Ntchito za EOC zofala zimaphatikizapo zoyendera, kulinganiza, ndalama, ndi chidziŵitso cha anthu.

Kugwiritsira Ntchito Kutuluka kwa Magazi ndi Malamulo a Kusunga

Mwakudalira pa chilengedwe ndi kuopsa kwake, akuluakulu a boma angalamulire kuti anthu athawe m'madera ena. Zimenezi zimafunikira kulankhulana kwabwino kwa njira, nthaŵi, ndi malo ogona. Malamulo ali ndi udindo wokhazikitsa lamulo ndi kuteteza malo osamutsira anthu. Maulamuliro ahelter akuphatikizapo anthu othaŵa, kupereka zakudya, chakudya, ndi mankhwala, ndi kusamalira nyama zosavuta monga okalamba, anthu opunduka, ndi ziŵeto. Kuyendetsa ziweto panthaŵi ya kusamuka kwa anthu kwakhala nkhaŵa yaikulu, monga momwe anthu ambiri amakana kusiya nyama zawo.

Kufufuza ndi Kupulumutsa

Moto wa kumaloko ndi magulu opulumutsira ndiwo oyamba kufunafuna ndi kupulumutsa m'mabwalo owonongeka kapena m'madera osefukira. Magulu ameneŵa ngaupandu kwambiri ndipo amafuna maphunziro ndi zipangizo zapadera. Maboma a m'dziko ayenera kugwirizanitsa ndi magulu a boma (monga ngati kufufuza m’mizinda ndi ntchito yopulumutsa) pamene mlingowo ukuposa mphamvu ya malowo. Nthaŵi imayesedwa m'maminitsi ndi maola, osati masiku.

Kukhazikitsa Malamulo ndi Zinsinsi Zopereka

Pambuyo pake, misewu ingathe, mphamvu ingachoke, ndipo chakudya ndi madzi zingakhale zitatha. Maboma a m’maderawo ayenera kukhazikitsa malo osungiramo zinthu zimene zikubwera, kuyang'anira kugaŵidwa kwa katundu, ndi kusungidwa kwa mafuta a galimoto zoyankha. Njira zodyetsera anthu zikwizikwi othaŵa kwawo ndi kupereka mphamvu ku machipatala angagonjetse ngakhale maboma a m'malo okonzeka bwino. Ogulitsa malonda otsalira ndi mapangano okhazikitsa chithandizo afunikira kusamala kuti asunge mizere.

Kulankhulana: Mmene Anthu Amamvera

Pakagwa tsoka, makompyuta a boma angalephere. Nyumba za maselo zingagwetsedwe, ndipo Intaneti ingasokonezeke. Madongosolo osintha njira zolankhulirana monga matelefoni a satellite, mawailesi ang'onoang'ono, ndi mawailesi a m'manja ndi ofunika. Oyang'anira nkhani za boma (PIO) ayeneranso kuyang'anira zofunsa, kutumiza mauthenga, ndi kukonza mosasintha njira zambiri. Mishchoge imafalikira mofulumira; boma la kumaloko liyenera kukhala magwero odalirika a choonadi.

Kuchira: Njira Yaitali Ibwerera ku Umoyo Wachibadwa

Pamene mbali ya moyo yowopseza itha, kuchira kumayamba. Kuchira ndi njira yocholoŵana, ya zaka zambiri imene singabwezeretse chitaganya ku mkhalidwe wake wakale(ingaibwezeretse kapena kuisintha. Maboma a m'dziko amachita mbali yaikulu poyang'anira kusintha kumeneku kuyambira ku chivomerezo mpaka kumanganso kwanthaŵi yaitali.

Kuwononga Malonda ndi Kulemba

Kufufuza kolondola ndi maziko a chithandizo cha boma. Magulu a boma a m'deralo ayenera kupenda ndi kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo la zinthu za boma (m’misewu, milatho, mapulogalamu, makompyuta, masukulu, nyumba za anthu onse) ndi zinthu zaumwini. Ayenera kusonkhanitsa zithunzi, kuyerekezera, ndi kutumiza chidziŵitso cha mapulaneti. Nkhani zimenezi zimaperekedwa ku FEMA ndi SBA kuti atsimikizire kuti atha kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo cha anthu, thandizo la munthu aliyense payekha, ndi ndalama zochepetsera tsoka. Makalata osathandiza kwenikweni angachedwe kapena kuchepetsa chithandizo.

Kulamulira Mapazi a FEMA ndi Chithandizo cha Boma

Maboma a m'dziko adzagwiritsira ntchito pulogalamu ya Public Areplation (PA), imene imabweza 75% ya ndalama zoyenerera zochotsera zinyalala, njira zotetezera zadzidzidzi, ndi ntchito yosatha pa zipatala za anthu. Kusamalira zimenezi kumafuna kusungidwa mosamalitsa, kugwirizana ndi malamulo a malo okhala ndi mbiri yosungidwa, ndi kugwirizana ndi maofesi owongolera a boma. Maboma ambiri amalemba kunja kwa alangizi kapena amawonjezera antchito a boma kuti agwire ntchito. Kupsinjika maganizo kwa kachitidweka kungakhale kokulira kwa matauni aang'ono okhala ndi mphamvu zoyang'anira zochepa.

Kuthandiza Anthu Amene Akudwala Matenda Aakulu

Masoka amachititsa kusweka kwa maganizo. Kupsinjika maganizo, nkhaŵa, kupsinjika maganizo kwapambuyo pa kuwonongeka kwa maganizo, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika zikuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa anthu ovutika. Maboma a m'dzikolo samapereka malangizo a zaumoyo achindunji, koma ali ndi udindo wogwirizana ndi madipatimenti a zaumoyo a boma ndi mabungwe osapanga phindu kuti akhazikitse maprogramu olangiza mavuto, magulu ochirikiza, ndi mautumiki a zaumoyo. Madipatimenti a za kakhalidwe ka anthu amathandizanso mabanja kupeza zidindo za chakudya, chithandizo cha kanthaŵi kokhala ndi kusoŵa ntchito.

Kumanganso Anthu

Kuchira kuyenera kukhala kodziwikiratu. Maboma a m’malowo ayenera kuchita misonkhano yapoyera nthaŵi zonse kuti asonkhezere mfundo za kumanganso zinthu zofunika, kulinganiza malo, ndi ntchito zaupandu. Kugwirizana ndi chitaganya kumakulitsa chidaliro ndi kutsimikizira kuti kuchira kumasonyeza chifuniro cha anthu, osati kokha malamulo a boma. Zimenezi nzofunika kwambiri kwa anthu osauka ndi otsika, amene kaŵirikaŵiri amalimbana ndi mavuto a tsoka ndipo angakhale atachotsedwa kale ndi njira zokonzera zinthu.

Kugwiritsira Ntchito Zoyesayesa Zoopsa

Kuchira kulikonse kumapereka mpata wopanga njira yotetezereka. Maboma a m’dzikolo ayenera kugwiritsira ntchito nyengo yokonzanso zinthu zomanga, kukonza mapu owonjezera madzi , kukonzanso malo ofunika kwambiri m’madera apamwamba, ndi kusungitsa zinthu zachilengedwe monga malo otentha ndi obiriwira. FEMA's Hazard Mitigation Confictive (HMA) imapatsa mapulogalamu amene amachepetsa ngozi yamtsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, mzinda umene umataya nyumba kumoto ungagwiritsire ntchito ndalama zotetezera kukonza malo ozungulira mlengalenga ndi kupalasa moto.

Mavuto Aakulu Oyang’anizana ndi Maboma Akumaloko Poyang’anira Masoka

Ngakhale kuti ntchito yawo ndi yofunika kwambiri, maboma akuno amagwira ntchito mopanikiza kwambiri zimene zimasokoneza njira zothandizira pa ngozi ndi kuchira.

Kupereŵera Kwa Ndalama Kokhazikika ndi Kupereŵera Kwa Ndalama

Malamulo a boma a kumaloko ngochepa, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri kuyang'anira ngozi kumaikidwa pa zinthu zina zofunika. Magulu ambiri aang'ono ndi akumidzi alibe manijala wa nthaŵi zonse wa ngozi . Ntchito imachitidwa ndi mkulu wa polisi, mkulu wa moto, kapena wogwira ntchito yanthaŵi imodzi. Zomangira zakhala zachikale, ndipo maphunziro amaperekedwa chifukwa cha ndalama. Kuwonjezera apo, kubwezeredwa ndalama kumachedwa, ndipo makampani a boma ayenera kutsogolera ndalama, zimene zingawatsendereze ndalama ndi kuchedwa kuchira. [[FLT: 0] Komiti ya Udindo ya Audindo yalembedwa mobwerezabwereza mavutowa othandizira ndalama ndi zotsatira zake zoipa pa masoka.

Kugwirizana Kovuta Kupitirira Zilango

Masoka salemekeza mzinda kapena zigawo. Maboma ambiri, mabungwe a boma, antchito a boma, zopanda phindu, ndi mabungwe aumwini ayenera kugwira ntchito pamodzi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito. Zochita zake, kaŵirikaŵiri zimasokonezeka chifukwa cha madongosolo a kulankhulana osagwirizana, malamulo osiyanasiyana, ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri anthu amavutika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chitofu, kumene mabungwe amathandizana ndi mapulogalamu a gulu limodzi (monga NIMS) kuti athandize koma apitirizebe kuyendetsa ndalama.

Zopinga Zolankhulana ndi Anthu Osiyanasiyana

Maboma ambiri amalephera kupereka machenjezo a zinenero zosiyanasiyana, omasulira chinenero cha manja m'zipangizo zamwadzidzidzi, kapena makompyuta opezeka. Zimenezi zimateteza anthu ovutika kwambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, pakachitika tsoka, mphekesera ndi nkhani zoipa zofalitsidwa mofulumira kuposa mmene akuluakulu a boma amachitira zinthu.

Kulamulira Ziyembekezo za Anthu ndi Zopweteka Zamaganizo

Opulumuka tsoka amayembekezera kuwonekera ndi chithandizo cha mwamsanga, koma maboma akumaloko kaŵirikaŵiri amalefulidwa. Kusiyana pakati pa zimene opulumuka amafuna ndi zimene boma la kumaloko lingapereke kudzetsa kugwiritsidwa mwala ndi mkwiyo. Oyang’anira osamala amayang’anizana ndi chitsenderezo chachikulu cha ndale zadziko, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri oyang’anira zangozi amatopa ndi chisoni ndi kupsa mtima. Chiyambukiro cha malingaliro pa antchito a boma la kumaloko nchachikulu, ndipo chichirikizo chamaganizo cha antchito chiyenera kumangidwa m’makonzedwe a kuyankha kuchokera tsiku limodzi.

Kuthandiza Anthu Ovutika

Anthu okalamba, opeza ndalama zochepa, anthu opanda nyumba, ndi osamukira kudziko ena amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi masoka. Nthawi zambiri amanyalanyaza zimene amafunikira poyankha ndiponso pokonza njira zothandizira. Mwachitsanzo, malo ogona sangapezeke pa njinga ya opuwala, kapena sitima zoyendera sizingakwanire anthu popanda galimoto zaumwini. Maboma a m'maderawo ayenera kudziŵitsa anthu osoŵa, kupanga mapulani oloŵerana nawo, ndi mayanjano ndi magulu a anthu amene akugwira ntchito m’magulu ameneŵa.

Njira Zabwino Kwambiri Zosamalira Masoka a Boma Lamakono

Kuti athetse mavuto amenewa ndi kulimbitsa mtima, maboma a m’dzikolo akhoza kutengera njira zabwino kwambiri zimene anthu a m’dzikolo amachita.

Kusintha Luso la Umisiri Kuloŵa m’Chipwirikiti Chilichonse

Kuyang'anira masoka amakono kumadalira kwambiri pa luso la zofalitsa. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) imathandiza anthu kuona zinthu zimene zawonongeka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Masewero a m'manja amathandiza anthu kukhala ndi pulogalamu yonena za ngozi ndi kumvetsera zinthu zimene zawonongeka. Magalimoto a m’mlengalenga (opanda anthu) amathandiza akuluakulu a pa wailesi kuyang'anira maganizo a anthu ndi kuona zinthu zolakwika. Maboma ayenera kugula ndalama zimene angagwiritse ntchito popanga zipangizo zamakono ndi kuphunzira zinthu.

Kumanga Chikhalidwe cha Kukonzekera Chitaganya

Maboma sangakwanitse kuchita zonsezi. Anthu ayenera kukhala ndi udindo wokonzekera. Maboma a m’deralo angalimbikitse chikhalidwe chimenechi mwa kulimbikitsa njira zonse za anthu: kulimbikitsa anansi awo kuti ayang’anene, kuchirikiza Community Emergency Response tittings (CERT), ndi kuwaphunzitsa kwaulere mu CPR, chithandizo choyamba, ndi kuwapatsa zida zothandizira. Maboma okonzeka achepetsa mtolo pa mabungwe othandizira ndi kufulumira kuchira.

Kuphunzira Ntchito za Usilikali ndi Kusunga Zinthu

Kuyang'anira zadzidzidzi ndi ntchito yapadera yofuna maphunziro opitirizabe. Maboma a m’dziko ayenera kutumiza antchito otsogolera ku FEMA'Emergency Management Institute (EMI), International Association of Emergency Mank, ndi maprogramu ophunzitsa a boma. Kusintha kochuluka kwa malo a oyang'anira ngozi kuli vuto la dziko lonse. Kupanga njira zokongola za ntchito, kupereka malipiro opikisana, ndi kugaŵira chuma cha zaumoyo kungawongolere ndi chidziŵitso cha bungwe.

Kulinganiza Zotsatira Zotsatira Zotsatira za Ngozi

Mapepala a moyo amene anapangidwa bwino kwambiri ndi amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zinthu zikuluzikulu zowononga (m’magazi, chivomezi, moto wamoto, mliri, kuukira kwa pa Intaneti). Ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo omveka bwino, maulamuliro (ngati meya satha kukwanitsa), ndi mapulogalamu atsatanetsatane. Makonzedwe ayenera kuyesedwa pa masewera olimbitsa thupi chaka chilichonse, ndiyeno kukonzedwanso malinga ndi maphunziro amene aphunzira. Malipoti atatha kuchita zinthu ndi ofunika kwambiri kuti zinthu ziyende bwino.

Kuyambitsa Ubwenzi Waukulu wa Anthu Onse

Makampani achinsinsi ali ndi mphamvu zambiri za kugwiritsa ntchito malo osiyanasiyana, kutumiza zinthu, ndi ukatswiri. Maboma a m’maderawo angapange mapangano ndi ogulitsa zinthu zamwadzidzidzi, ndi makampani oyendera galimoto zothawa, ndi makampani omanga zinthu zochotsa zinyalala. Mapangano a Presesta ndi mayeso a kuzindikira amatsimikizira kuti maunansi ameneŵa atha kuyambika mwamsanga. Mwachitsanzo, mizinda yambiri imapanga mapangano ndi masitolo aakulu ogulitsa zinthu panthaŵi ya masoka.

Kumaliza: Mbali Yosatsutsika ya Maboma a M’malowo

Maboma a m'dzikolo ndiwo maziko a kuyankha tsoka ndi njira yochiritsira. Kukhoza kwawo kukonzekera, kuchitapo kanthu, ndi kuchira pa masoka kumayambitsa mwachindunji kukhazikika kwa anthu m'dzikolo. Mavuto amene amayang'anizana nawo . Ndalama zokhala ndi malire, kucholoŵana, ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu ofunikira pa madera a biriki. Komabe, mwa kuyendetsa ndalama, kugwiritsa ntchito luso la zopangapanga, kuvomereza, ndi kuwongolera kopitirizabe, maboma a m'malowo angawonjezere mphamvu yawo ndi kupulumutsa miyoyo yawo. Munthu aliyense ali ndi mtengo wothandizira ndi maphunziro ofunika kukwaniritsa mbali yaikulu imeneyi. Midzi yakuti kuyendetsa ngozi ya kumaloko kumakhalako kupulumuka ndi kuyandikira kwa ngozi.