Chiyambi: Si Chakudya Chakudya Chachikulu

Madyerero a boma ndi chakudya chamadyerero operekedwa ndi mabanja achifumu ali pakati pa zochitika zokonzedwa mosamalitsa kwambiri m'dziko lamakono. M’malo mwa kukhala kokha mipata ya kudya kwabwino, nthaŵi zimenezi zimagwira ntchito zamphamvu za kukambirana, mamyuziyamu a dziko, ndi zizindikiro zamphamvu za kupitirizabe. Pamene banja la British Royal Family, mwachitsanzo, limalandira mutu wa boma wobwera ku Buckingham Palace kapena Windsor Castle, chochitikacho chiri chichitidwe chaluso bwino lomwe — kuchokera ku gelint ya chikombole cha m’suzi — kutanthauza. Kumvetsa phwandolo ndiko kumvetsetsa chisinthiko cha mfumu yeniyeni, kuchokera ku ku kusonyezedwa kwa chuma chamakono m'maseŵera amakono.

Magwero a Mbiri Yake a Ziletso Zachifumu

Madyerero Apakati: Mphamvu pa Plate

Mwambo wa kudya kwachifumu kwakukulu ungapezeke m'nyengo za m'ma 500 C.E. pamene mafumu ndi mafumukazi ankagwiritsa ntchito mapwando otchuka popanga ulamuliro ndi kupanga zomangira za kukhulupirika. M’nyumba zazikulu za nyumba zachifumu, magome a matebulo ang'alu omangidwa ndi kulemera kwa katebulo, ng’ombe, ndi mapeai okongola kwambiri. Zinthu zimenezi sizinali zonyansa koma zoonetsera zapoyera za anthu zolinganizidwa kugonjetsa. Mfumuyo inakhala pa dais wokwezeka, kaŵirikaŵiri ndi chipinda cha mchere choikidwa pamaso pake kusonyeza malo ake — "pamwamba pa mchere" pokhala chokhumbi kwambiri. Chakudya chenicheni chinali chisonyezero cha chuma: zonunkhira za Kummaŵa, zojambula zokongola zosaoneka, ndi nyama zambiri zosonyezedwa ndi zofikitsa.

Mapwando ameneŵa anatumikiranso cholinga chaukulu wa boma kapena kazembe wochezetsayo anakhala pansi mogwirizana ndi udindo wake, ndipo mtundu wa chakudya ndi zosangulutsa zinasonyeza kufunika kwa unansiwo. Madyerero otchuka a Pheasant omwe anachitidwa ndi Philip Good of Burgundy mu 1454, anali otchuka kwambiri olinganizidwa kuchirikiza nkhondo. Madyerero achifumu a m'zaka zapakati anali mitundu yoyambirira ya boma, kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero chapamwamba kuti akwaniritse zolinga zandale.

Kukonzanso Zinthu: Kubadwa kwa Etiquette

Pofika ku Renaissance, chakudya chachifumu chinasintha. Chisonkhezero cha makhoti a Italy, makamaka a Medici, chinayambitsa chigogomezero chatsopano pa dongosolo, kukongola, ndi luso. Banquets anakhala zochitika za seŵero, zokhala ndi matebulo ocholoŵana, nyimbo zokhala ndi malamulo oyamba a makhalidwe abwino. asvice à la française [1] — kumene zakudya zambiri zinaikidwa patebulo — zinali mwambo wodzithandizira iwo eni, koma lamulo la kuloŵa.

Henry VIII wa ku England, mfumu yodziŵika kaamba ka kukhululukidwa kwake, inadya mokulira. Kuŵerengera makhichini ake pa Hampton Court Palace kuvumbula ndandanda yodabwitsa ya zinthu ndi zinthu. Madyerero ake sanali kokha chakudya komanso za chochitika: ochereza, oimba, ndipo ngakhale nyama zamoyo anali mbali ya pulogalamu. Komabe Henry anagwiritsiranso ntchito zochitika zimenezi zandale, ochirikiza ofupa mphoto ndi ochititsa chidwi achilendo. Liwe la Cloth la Gold mu 1520, msonkhano pakati pa Henry VII ndi Francis I wa ku France, unali phwando lochititsa chidwi lomwe linali lochitidwa monga msonkhano wa zauthenga wa zachipembedzo wobisika monga chipani.

Mabaroque Extravaganza: Versailles ndi Louis XIV

Palibe mfumu imodzi youmba phwando ladziko lamakono monga Louis XIV wa ku France. Pa Palameya ya Versailles, Mfumu ya Sun inatembenuza kudya kukhala mwambo wovuta umene unalimbitsa ulamuliro wake wonse. Grand couver , ndi cristal , ndipo utumiki unalamulidwa ndi akulu ocholoŵana a nduna ([FLT:]] [FLT]]] [FLT]]], [FLT:] [FLT]]], [FLT]

Louis XIV anakhazikitsanso kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa dîner d'appart , chakudya cha boma chimene chinatsatira malamulo otsatiridwa bwino. Mepuyo ingaphatikizepo zakudya zambiri, zoperekedwa m'makhosi angapo odziŵika monga specters . Cholinga sichinali kungodyetsa koma kuchititsa mantha. Zotsatira za Verbacles zinakhala chizindikiro cha bwalo lachifumu lina lililonse ku Ulaya, ndi malamulo a m'dziko la France — detimenti, detimenti, ikulukulu — chinavomerezedwa ndi mfumu kuchokera ku St. Petersburg. ku Madrid.

Zana La 19: Victorian Grandeur ndi Imperial Akufika

M’zaka za zana la 19, mapwando a boma anafikira pamlingo watsopano wa zowonedwa, makamaka pansi pa Mfumukazi Victoria ndi Prince Albert. Albert, makamaka, anakondweretsedwa ndi luso lakudya. Iye adakonzanso makhichini achifumu ndi kuyambitsa miyezo yatsopano ya utumiki. Mapwando otchuka "Ryoal Banquet" a nyengoyo anali ntchito zaluso mwa iwo okha, zosindikizidwa papepala lokongola ndi malire a golidi. Victoria ndi Albert a boma lokhala ndi mapwando ochezera mafumu ndi nduna, akumagwiritsira ntchito izo kupititsa patsogolo chikhalidwe ndi ntchito za maindasitale a Ufumu wa Britain.

Madyerero aukwati a Prince of Wales (pambuyo pake Edward VII) anali osangalatsa kwambiri, anali ndi ndandanda yomwe inali ndi supu ya nkhaŵa, turbot, ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana zowotcha. Zaka za 19 zinaonanso kupangidwa kwa schece à la russe à la russe , [FLT] [1], kumene mbale zinagwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera kuchokera ku mavilishi. Zimenezi zinalola kuperekedwa kokongola ndi kwadongosolo kwambiri ndipo ndi maziko a malamulo abwino amakono. Kalembedwe ka Russia, ndi kugogomezera kwake pa kugwira ntchito ndi kuwoneka kwake (mawirini a siliva, mapazi amodzi, ogwirizana), anakhala muyezo wa mapwando a mapwando ku Ulaya.

Chiletso cha Boma Lamakono

Kukhazikitsa Chizoloŵezi: Kuitana ndi Kukonzekera

Lerolino, phwando la boma pa nyumba yaikulu yachifumu limaphatikizapo miyezi yakukonzekera. Mndandanda wa alendo umagamulidwa mogwirizana ndi ofesi ya dziko lachilendo la mfumu ndi mkulu wa dziko, ndi chisamaliro chachisamaliro ku mayanjano. Chiitanocho chiri khadi lozokotedwa mwalamulo, chikumalongosola mavalidwe (kaŵirikaŵiri "Bhite ndi Mapeko Okongola") ndi nthaŵi yakukhala. kwa British monarch, phwando la boma limayamba ndi kulandiridwa, kutsatiridwa ndi ligubolo lolinganizidwa kulowa m’chipinda chodyeramo.

Chipinda chodyeramo chimasinthidwa kukhala masomphenya aulemerero. Tebulo limaikidwa ndi phula loyera, krustalo, ndi siliva kuchokera ku chigawo chachifumu. Ku United Kingdom, golide, zidutswa zina zoyambira ku Napoleonic War, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha pa zochitika zofunika kwambiri za boma. Maluwa amakonzedwa kuti agwirizanitse chipinda ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri amaonetsa duŵa la dzikolo. M’dzikolo amayang'anira bwino kwambiri kukonza mpweya wofunda ndi wapafupi ngakhale kuti ali ndi malo aakulu.

Mbali Zazikulu za Boma Lamakono

Mavalidwe ndi Chilembo

Malamulo a kavalidwe a phwando la boma ali pakati pa madyerero oyenera kwambiri m'dziko. Amuna amavala tchati choyera ngati ali nawo. Zovala zoyera, chiuno choyera, ndi tayi yoyera — limodzi ndi malamulo alionse, mendulo, ndi zokongoletsa. Akazi, makamaka akazi a m'banja lachifumu ndi nthumwi zobwera, amavala zovala zokongola ndi matani ngati ali awo. Zoonetsedwa za miyala siziri kokha kuonetsedwa: zimaimira chuma cha banja ndipo nthaŵi zina zimaimira malamulo ndi masashe, monga Lamulo a Garter kapena Order of the Trite, ndi chizindikiro cha dongosolo la ulemu ndi chuma cha mfumu.

Kuyendetsa Nyanja ndi Kukhazikitsa Lamulo

Alendo aakulu amaikidwa pakati pa wolandira alendo. Alendo aakulu amaikidwa pafupi ndi wolandira alendo, ndi lamulo losonyeza maunansi a atsogoleri ndi a munthu. M'maufumu ena, mfumu yaikazi kapena mfumu ingakhale motsutsana ndi mlendo wolemekezeka kuti akonzere. Maulalowo ali otetezeka kwambiri kufikira mphindi yomalizira, kaŵirikaŵiri amasindikizidwa pa khadi lokhala ndi wolandira alendo pamalo amodzi.

Malamulo afikanso pa dongosolo la kuloŵa, nthaŵi ya kudzoza, ndiponso ngakhale mmene chakudya cha monarch chimaperekedwera. Mwambo wa Briteni, mbale ya Mfumu imaperekedwa choyamba, ndipo "laiti" (tsopano kwakukulukulu mwambo) ingakhale idakalipo. Chakudyacho chimachitidwa molongosoka: maphunziro amachotsedwa ndi kutumikiridwa ndi gulu la oyenda pansi pa chiwindi, ophunzitsidwa kugwira ntchito modekha.

Magetsi ndi Vinyo

Menyu wa phwando la boma amakonzedwa kusonyeza chakudya chabwino koposa cha dziko lokhalamo pamene akusamalira chakudya cha alendo ndi kupeŵa chakudya chilichonse chothekera cha faux. Ku United Kingdom, ndandanda yapadera ingaphatikizepo khosi la nsomba (monga ngati nsomba za poachneline souce), khosi ya nyama (kaŵirikaŵiri mwana wa nkhosa wokazinga, ng’ombe, kapena maseŵera ochokera ku malo achifumu, ndi kapulu (mwinamwake wokongola kapena chipatso chamwambo). Afiki pa nyumba zachifumu, monga Makiyolikiti a ku Bukingham Palace [FLP], ntchito yomangitsa anthu a m’deralo.

Kusankha vinyo n’kofunikanso. Zipinda zachifumu ndi zina zapamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndipo pali vinyo wambiri wa vintage, doko, ndi champagne. Vinyo amasankhidwa kuti agwirizane ndi njira iliyonse, ndipo vinyo woyeneretsedwayo amagwirizanitsa ndi khichini kutsimikizira kuti ikhale bwino. Pakudya, mfumu ingapereke chilolezo kwa mutu wa boma, pogwiritsira ntchito mwambo wodzoza nyimbo za mtundu womwe umaphatikizapo kulira nyimbo.

Zosangulutsa ndi Zoseŵeretsa

Madyerero a boma samakhala achinsinsi; amakhala ndi nyimbo ndi nkhani. Ku Britain, gulu la oimba la zingwe zankhondo kaŵirikaŵiri limaseŵera pachakudya. Nyimbozo zingaphatikizepo nyimbo zachibritishi komanso nyimbo za m'dziko la alendo. Pambuyo pa kalasi yodyera, monarch aima ndi kupempha kuti adzoze kwa pulezidenti wa dzikolo, pogwiritsa ntchito mawu amwambo akuti " kwa Pulezidenti wa ..." (kapena " Mfumu ya..."). Mlendo waulemu kenaka akupempha kuti abwezere kudzoza kwa mfumu ndi anthu a dziko lolandira alendo.

Kumwaza khosi kuli nthaŵi yaikulu ya mayanjano. Amalola atsogoleri kusonyeza ulemu ndi maulansi a zolinga zofanana. Mawuwo amalembedwa mosamalitsa ndi maofesi akunja ndi kulembedwa ndi matanthauzo alionse osayembekezeredwa. Mlengalenga ndi umodzi wa malamulo, wolinganizidwa kuchirikiza kukoma mtima ndi kukulitsa ubwenzi. Kuwonjezera pa mbali ya maphwando a maphwando a a zamalonda, onani Enclopedia Britannica's kulowa pa zokometsera .

Zizindikiro ndi Tanthauzo

Kuchepa Mphamvu

Madyerero a boma adakali chida chofunika kwambiri m'zokambirana zamakono. Amapanga mapulogalamu a makambitsirano aumwini, kutali ndi mapulogalamu a pagome. Kudyera pamodzi chakudya chabwino, limodzi ndi nyimbo ndi phwando, kungathandize kukulitsa chidaliro ndi maunansi aumwini pakati pa atsogoleri. Ndiponso, phwandolo ndi uthenga: kulemera ndi kulondola kwa chochitikacho kumasonyeza ulemu wa dziko lolandira alendo ake ndi luso lake.

Madyerero a mfumu ya Britain, makamaka, amapangidwa monga mtundu wa mphamvu yofeŵa. Pamene Mfumukazi Elizabeth II (kapena Mfumu Charles III) alandira mutu wa boma, ofalitsa nkhani a dziko akupereka chisamaliro. Zithunzi za banja lachifumu lowala, zozingidwa ndi chuma cha korona, zimasonyeza chithunzi cha bata, mwambo, ndi kulemera kwa chikhalidwe. Zimenezi zingakulitse kuima kwa United Kingdom ndi kuchititsa malonda ndi maunansi andale. Mwachitsanzo, kuchezera kwa boma kwa Donald Trump kunaphatikizapo phwando la boma limene linali ndi ndandanda ya chakudya chosonyeza choloŵa cha Briti ya Britain, kuchokera ku Dover perberès kuchokera ku malo achifumu.

Chikhalidwe Ndiponso Chidziŵitso cha Dziko

Madyerero a boma amatumikiranso monga malo osungiramo zinthu zamoyo a mbiri ya dziko ndi chikhalidwe. Zakudya, matebulo, zovala, ndi nyimbo zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zaka mazana ambiri za mwambo. The Royal Collection Trust ikufotokoza kuti zinthu zambiri zimene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa maphwando a boma, monga George IV, ndi mbali ya choloŵa cha dzikolo. Si zinthu zongogwira ntchito koma ntchito zojambula zimene zimasimba nkhani.

Kwa dziko lolandira alendo, phwandolo ndi mwaŵi wa kutsimikizira chikhalidwe chake. Mndandanda wa pulogalamuyo kaŵirikaŵiri umagogomezera zosanganiza za kumaloko ndi njira zamwambo zophikira. Zokongoletsazo zingapereke zizindikiro za dziko, monga maluwa a ku England kapena kukongola kwa Scotland. Zosangalatsazo zimasonyeza zopambanitsa za dziko. Mwa njirayi, phwando la boma ndi ponse paŵiri phwando la masiku ano ndi kugwirizana ndi zakale, kulimbikitsa kupitirizabe ndi kudalirana kwa ufumu m’dziko lamakono.

Mapeto ake: Chikhalidwe Chokhalitsa

Kuyambira pa holo ya m'zaka zapakati ndi mapwando okongola a Buckingham Palace. Madyerero a boma asintha kwambiri, komabe cholinga chake chachikulu sichisintha. Ndi mwambo wa mphamvu, mwambo waubwenzi, ndi kuonetsedwa kwa choloŵa. M'nyengo ya misonkhano yamwayi ndi zokambirana zamakono, ukulu wa chakudya chamadzulo ungaoneke ngati wosagwirizana ndi . Koma phwandolo limakhalabe chifukwa chakuti likuchita chinthu chimene palibe vidiyo imene ingachikwaniritse: limapanga ulemu ndi kuchereza alendo. Pamene mafumu akhalabe zizindikiro za umodzi wa dziko ndi mwambo, phwandolo lidzapitirizabe kuchita ntchito yake, kukhazikitsa tebulo la mbiri yakale.