Bwanamkubwa ku United States ali ndi thayo la kupanga zosankha zimene zimakhudza mamiliyoni a anthu okhala m'dzikolo, kuchokera ku kugawa ndi kulabadira kwa zaumoyo wa anthu pa kukonzanso ndi kukonzanso za ntchito zapamwamba. M'nyengo ya mavuto ovuta kwambiri, akuluakulu ambiri a boma atembenukira ku makompyuta ndi kuyang'anira zinthu zimene asankha. Mmalo mwa kudalira kwambiri chidziŵitso chandale kapena umboni wa zachuma, olamulira amakono akugwiritsa ntchito njira zofufuzira mozama kuti apeze mavuto, apende, ndi kuchepetsa zotsatira zake. Kusintha kumeneku kulinga ku zigamulo zopindulitsa kwambiri, kuyankha mlandu waukulu, ndi kudalirana kwa anthu ambiri.

Nkhaniyi ikufufuza mmene akazembe amagwiritsira ntchito chidziŵitso ndi otsutsa kudziŵitsa malamulo, kupenda mitundu ya chidziŵitso imene amadalira pa, njira zimene amagwiritsira ntchito, ndi mphamvu yeniyeni ya dziko ya njira zimenezi. Imasamaliranso mavuto ndi mwaŵi zimene zimabwera ndi zogwiritsira ntchito zolembedwa ndi kuyang'ana mtsogolo ku ulamuliro wa umboni wozikidwa.

Kukula kwa Ulamuliro wa Kuyendetsa Zinthu za Pakompyuta

Mfundo yogwiritsa ntchito mfundo za m'Baibulo potsatira malamulo a anthu si yatsopano ayi, koma kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofufuza zinthu zapamwamba zakula kwambiri m’zaka zaposachedwapa. Kazembe ankapanga zosankha mogwirizana ndi malangizo aluso, maganizo a anthu, kuŵerengera kwa ndale, ndi zochitika za m’mbiri. Pamene zinthu zimenezi zidakali zofunika, mfundo zofotokoza zinthu za m'Baibulo tsopano zimapereka maziko owonjezera oonerapo njira ndi kuneneratu zotsatira zake.

Maboma aika ndandanda ya zinthu zofunikira, kuphatikizapo nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zapakati, mabungwe a zamalonda, ndi magulu a zasayansi. Malinga ndi kufufuza kwa National Association of Chief Information Manerfers (NASCIO), pafupifupi maboma onse agwiritsira ntchito njira ina ya zolembalemba kuti achilikize malamulo ndi zosankha zoyendetsera ntchito. Olamulira ambiri apanga mamaofesi opatulirako kapena kuikidwa kwa akuluakulu a maofesala a za chidziŵitso kuti ayang’atse ntchito zimenezi.

Woyendetsa dalaivala wamkulu wa chikhoterero chimenechi ndi kuwonjezereka kwa chidziŵitso chanthaŵi yeniyeni kuchokera ku zochokera zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zolembedwa za boma, zojambula za boma, masetilaiti, ndi makompyuta a anthu. Kupita patsogolo m'mphamvu ya kampani ndi kusungira kwapangitsa kutha kupenda masamu aakulu ndi opindulitsa. Monga chotulukapo, olamulira angapeze chidziŵitso chamakono cha kayendetsedwe ka chuma, kubuka kwa matenda, magalimoto, ndi zina zambiri.

Mauthenga Osiyanasiyana Amene Bwanamkubwa Amagwiritsa Ntchito

Kuti adziwe zimene akufuna kuchita, akazembe amadalira njira zosiyanasiyana zodziŵira zinthu.

Zimene Zinalembedwa M’mabuku

Chidziŵitso cha chikhalidwe cha anthu chimaphatikizapo ukulu wa anthu, kugaŵira kwa msinkhu, kuchuluka kwa mafuko, mlingo wa ndalama, maphunziro, ndi malo. Chidziŵitso chimenechi nchofunika kwambiri kuti timvetsetse zosoŵa za anthu osiyanasiyana ndi chuma chomasinthasintha. Mwachitsanzo, kazembe amene akulingalira za njira yatsopano yosamalira zaumoyo angagwiritsire ntchito chidziŵitso cha anthu a m'madera otchuka ndi okalamba kapena anthu otsika amene angafunikire mautumiki.

Mabungwe a boma amasonkhanitsa nkhani za anthu kudzera ku Census Bureau, kufufuza kwa boma, ndi zolembedwa za boma. The American Community Survey (ACS) ndi magwero aakulu a mitu imeneyi, kupereka ziŵerengero za chaka ndi chaka za maboma ndi madera. Olamulira amagwiritsiranso ntchito ziŵerengero za anthu pokonzekera zosoŵa za m’tsogolo, monga ngati kukhoza sukulu kapena magetsi a zoyendera.

Mfundo Zachuma

Mabuku a zachuma amakhudza ndalama zimene anthu amagwira ntchito, ndalama zimene amalipira, makampani, makampani, ndalama zimene boma limapanga, ndi katundu wambiri wa m'dziko (GDP). Olamulira amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zimenezi kupenda zachuma cha boma lawo ndi kupanga malamulo amene amalimbikitsa ntchito kukonza ndi kukonzanso chuma. Mwachitsanzo, pa nthawi ya kutsika kwa chuma, kazembe angapende zimene ntchito zikufuna ndi kutsekedwa ndi mabizinesi kuti asankhe kumene angapereke mapulogalamu a ntchito kapena ndalama zimene akufuna kubwereketsa malonda ang’ono.

Madipatimenti a ntchito ndiponso mabungwe a zachuma akupanga mfundo zambiri zogwirizana ndi zimenezi. Kuwonjezera apo, bungwe la Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) ndi Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) ndilo limapereka njira zoyendera. Mayiko ambiri apanganso mabodi amene amasonyeza zizindikiro zachuma m’nthaŵi yeniyeni, zimene zimalola abwana ndi antchito awo kuyang’anira zochitikazo mwachidwi.

Zimene Zimakhudza Thanzi

Chidziŵitso cha zaumoyo chimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa matenda, kuchuluka kwa zipatala, kuchuluka kwa katemera, kupezeka kwa mankhwala, kufa kwa makanda, ndi matenda osachiritsika. Mliri wa CoVID unasonyeza mmene chidziŵitso cha zaumoyo cha nthaŵi yeniyeni chiliri chofunika kwa abwana. Maboma ambiri anapanga maboardboard a zaumoyo amene amatsata matenda, kuikidwa m’chipatala, ndi imfa, zomwe zimatheketsa kuloŵerera kwambiri.

Kuposa miliri, abwanamkubwa amagwiritsira ntchito nkhani zaumoyo pokambirana mavuto monga matenda a amayi, matenda a maganizo, ndiponso njira zothandizira anthu amene amwa mankhwala opitirira muyeso. Mwachitsanzo, kudziwa za imfa za anthu amene achuluka kwambiri ndiponso mmene angagwiritsidwire ntchito kuchipatala kungathandize anthu kudziwa kumene akufunika kwambiri kuteteza.

Kudziŵa za Maphunziro

Akuluakulu a boma amaphunzitsa anthu zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa nkhani ya maphunziro, maphunziro, maphunziro, maphunziro, ndalama ndiponso mmene zinthu zilili kusukulu.

Mabungwe a zamaphunziro a boma amasonkhanitsa zinthu kuchokera ku magawo a sukulu, kuphatikizapo mayeso, mayeso, ndi kulembetsa koleji. Maboma ambiri tsopano amagwiritsira ntchito njira za chidziŵitso zanthaŵi yaitali kutumiza ophunzira pasukulu yanasale mpaka kuntchito.

Kusintha Zinthu ndi Kulongosola Malo Okhala

Maboma amagwiritsanso ntchito mfundo zokhudza kayendedwe, zipangizo zoyendetsera, nyumba, ndi malo okhala. Mwachitsanzo, zipangizo zoyendera zapamsewu ndi za GPS zimathandiza mabungwe a zoyendera kukonza njira zowongokera ndi kuyendetsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto. Zinthu zachilengedwe zokhudza mpweya ndi madzi zimadziŵitsa anthu za malamulo ndi ndalama zoyendetsera nyumba.

Mmene Chidziŵitso Chimakhudzira Zosankha za Kachitidwe

Ofufuza zinthu amathandiza abwanamkubwa kuti asiye kuchita zinthu zongotsatira malamulo. Mwa kupenda zochitika za m’mbiri ndi mikhalidwe yamakono, angadziŵe mavuto amene akubuka asanafike pamlingo wa mavuto.

Lamulo la Zachuma

Malo a zachuma amathandiza kwambiri pa kukonza bajeti ya boma ndiponso malamulo a msonkho. Mwachitsanzo, bwanamkubwa angagwiritse ntchito zoneneratu za ndalama zimene angapereke kuti aone ngati angapereke ndalama zochepetsera msonkho kapena kuwonjezera ndalama zimene amawononga pa maprogramu a zachuma.

Maiko ena atengera "kutsimikizira bajeti" njira zimene zimafuna mabungwe kusonyeza kupambana kwa maprogramu kupyolera m'kusanthula chidziŵitso. Izi zimathandiza akazembe kugawira zinthu zochepetsedwa ku maprogramu amene amatulutsa zotulukapo zokhoza. Mwachitsanzo, Developets State Washington imagwiritsira ntchito njira za ntchito kulondola zinthu zofunika kwambiri monga maphunziro, thanzi, ndi kuwonjezereka kwa chuma.

Thanzi la Anthu Onse ndi Chitetezo

M’mliri wa Chovid-19, akazembe anagwiritsira ntchito chidziŵitso cha magwero osiyanasiyana kupanga zosankha ponena za malo otsekera, mask, ndi kugaŵira katemera. Kufulumira kwa kufufuza masamu kunawatheketsa kusintha malamulo mwamsanga pamene mkhalidwewo unayamba. Pambuyo pa mliri wa zaumoyo, maulamuliro amathandiza kupezera ndalama ku madera okhala ndi kusoŵa kwakukulu, monga ngati kumidzi yosakhoza kupeza chithandizo cha zaumoyo.

Mauthenga a zachitetezo a anthu onse, kuphatikizapo ziŵerengero za upandu ndi mautumiki, amadziŵitsa malamulo okhudzana ndi ntchito zapolisi, kukonzanso chilungamo, ndi kutetezera anthu. Mayiko ambiri tsopano amagwiritsira ntchito kuneneratu malo amene ali pangozi yaikulu ya upandu wachiwawa, kulola lamulo kutumiza zinthu. Komabe, kugwiritsira ntchito kwa apolisi oneneratu za kulakwa kwadzutsanso nkhaŵa za tsankho ndi ufulu wa anthu, zimene akazembe ayenera kupenda pogwiritsira ntchito zida zimenezo.

Kusintha Maphunziro

Malamulo a maphunziro ozikidwa pa uphunzitsi amaphatikizapo ndalama zothandizira ntchito za sukulu, njira zochenjezera ophunzira omwe ali pangozi yolephera, ndi njira zoloŵera m'madera olimbana. Mwachitsanzo, Ohio imagwiritsira ntchito njira yoyambirira yochenjezera anthu omwe amapezekapo, khalidwe, ndi maphunziro kwa ophunzira amene angafunikire chichirikizo chowonjezereka. Zimenezi zimalola sukulu kuloŵerera ophunzira asanagwere.

Akuluakulu a boma amagwiritsanso ntchito mfundo zamaphunziro pofuna kulimbikitsa kuti zinthu zisinthe, monga kuwonjezera ndalama zothandizira pa maphunziro a ana adakali aang’ono, kuwonjezera ntchito ndiponso maphunziro apamwamba.

Lamulo la Malo Okhala ndi Magetsi

Mwachitsanzo, bwanamkubwa wa ku California amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za bungwe la California Air Resources Board pofufuza mmene zinthu zowonongeka zimayendera.

Magetsi, kuphatikizapo magetsi ndi magetsi, amadziŵitsa anthu za njira zothandizira mphamvu yamagetsi yoyambiranso ndiponso ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito. Akazembe ena akhazikitsa zolinga zofuna kukonzanso mphamvu zamagetsi poona kuti ntchito za m’makampani okonza magetsi ndi zogwiritsa ntchito zaukhondo n’zotsika mtengo.

Kufufuza za Magazi: Kulemba Zochita

Zitsanzo zingapo zenizeni za dziko zimasonyeza mmene akazembe agwiritsira ntchito mwachipambano zolembapo za chidziŵitso kudziŵitsa zigamulo za lamulo.

Kulabadira kwa Covid - 19 ku New York

M’miyezi yoyambirira ya mliriwu, Bwanamkubwa wa New York Andrew Cuomo anachita malongosoledwe a nyuzipepala a tsiku ndi tsiku amene anali ndi maumboni aakulu. Chipangizo cha Covid-19 cha boma chinali ndi ziŵerengero za kugoneka m’chipatala, kupima malo a anthu, ndi kuŵerengera kwa chigawo. Nkhani imeneyi inatsogolera za kutsegukanso kwa magawo ndi kuperekedwa kwa ndalama. Malinga ndi lipoti la Rockefeller Institute of Government, njira ya chidziŵitso cha zinthu zoyendera chipatala chinathandiza kuchepetsa ndi kuyendetsa bwino chipatala ku New York.

Vuto la Opioid ku Ohio

Ohio wayambukiridwa kwambiri ndi mliri wa opioid. Kazembe Mike DeWine anatulutsa "Ohio Opioid Data Dashboard" mu 2018, imene imagwirizanitsa chidziŵitso kuchokera ku magwero ambiri, kuphatikizapo maulendo a m'chipinda changozi, imfa zopambanitsa, ndi zolembera. Drasboard . Boma ndi akuluakulu a boma a kumaloko alola kudziŵa magetsi ndi zoyesayesa za kuletsa. Kuyesayesa kwanenedwa kuti kuthandizira kuchepetsa imfa zowonjezereka m'madera ena.

Kusintha Maphunziro ku Tennessee

Bwanamkubwa Bill Haslam wa ku Tennessee anatsatira mfundo yakuti "Kuyenderana mpaka 55", pofuna kuwonjezera chiŵerengero cha anthu okhala pa dzikolo amene anali ndi postsecondary project mpaka 55% podzafika 2025. Bomali linagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zokhudza kulembetsa koleji, kumaliza, ndi ntchito kuti likonze mapulogalamu monga Tennessee Program, amene amapereka ufulu wa pa koleji. Kufufuza kwa zamaphunziro kunasonyeza kuti zopinga za ndalama ndizo zopinga zazikulu, zomwe zatsogolera ku programu ya maphunziro. Chiyambire m'makoleji, ziŵerengero za anthu olembetsa zawonjezeka kwambiri.

Mavuto a Kulamulira kwa Kulemba Zinthu m’Maudindo

Ngakhale kuti amapindula, alangizi a makompyuta amayang’anizana ndi mavuto angapo. Olamulira ndi antchito awo ayenera kudziŵa za nkhani zimenezi kuti agwiritsire ntchito bwino zolembazo ndiponso mogwira mtima.

Kudziwa Zinthu Zokha

Kusunga ndi kupenda chidziŵitso chaumwini, monga ngati mafashoni a zaumoyo kapena machitidwe a sukulu, kumabutsa nkhaŵa zachinsinsi. Maboma ayenera kugwirizana ndi malamulo onga HiPAA (Health Inshuwalansivential Portable and Accountability Act) ndi FERPA (Formary Educational and Isly Act). Kuwomba zinthu kungavumbule chidziŵitso chomvetsa chisoni, kuchotsa kudalirana kwa anthu. Olamulira afunikira kusungitsa ndalama za intaneti ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo omveka bwino a kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso, kugawana, ndi kugawana.

Kudziŵa Zinthu Bwino Ndiponso Molongosoka

Chikalata chimathandiza kwambiri ngati chili cholondola ndiponso chodalirika. Mfundo zosakwanira kapena zachikale zingapangitse kuti pakhale zosankha zolakwika. Mwachitsanzo, pa nthawi ya mliriwu, mayiko ena anavutika ndi kuchedwa poyesa zinthu, zimene zinachititsa kuti kukhale kovuta kutsimikizira kufalikira kwenikweni kwa kachilomboko. Kugwirizana kwa makampani osiyanasiyana kungakhalenso kovuta, chifukwa madipatimenti ena angagwiritse ntchito njira kapena mafotokozedwe osiyana.

Equity ndi Bias

Kufufuza zinthu kungapititse patsogolo tsankho lomwe lilipopo ngati silinapangidwe bwino. Mwachitsanzo, anthu opanga madesiki ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiweruzo chaupandu mosadziŵa angasonyeze kusagwirizana kwa mbiri m'ntchito zapolisi. Mofananamo, maphunziro angatchule mipata popanda kufotokoza mizu ya zinthu zonga kusalingana kwa dongosolo. Olamulira ayenera kutsimikizira kuti malamulo a za makompyuta sawononga kwambiri anthu otsalira. Kupereka malamulo osiyanasiyana ndi kuchita zinthu zogwirizana kungathandize kuchepetsa mavuto ameneŵa.

Udindo ndi Kudziŵa Kugwira Ntchito

Kutumiza chidziŵitso kumafunikira antchito aluso, kuphatikizapo asayansi a za chidziŵitso, ofufuza, ndi akatswiri a IT. Maboma aang'ono kapena awo amene ali ndi ndalama zochepa angavutike kulipira ndi kusunga luso lotero. Kuwonjezera apo, abwanamkubwa ndi antchito awo afunikira kuzindikira malire a chidziŵitso ndi kupeŵa kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zinthu zofunikira pa kugwiritsa ntchito nzeru zapamwamba. Kumanga chidziŵitso m’boma lonse ndi ntchito yopitirizabe.

Mipata ndi Zomwe Zidzachitike Mtsogolo

Atsogoleri amene amapanga ndalama zoyendetsera ntchitoyi amakhala ndi mwayi wosankha bwino zinthu ndiponso kukonza zinthu kuti mayiko awo azizitsatira.

Luso Lopanga ndi Kuphunzira Makina

Kuphunzira kampani ndi makina kungapende malongosoledwe aakulu a mipangidwe ndi kuneneratu zochitika zamtsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, maboma ena akugwiritsira ntchito makina kuphunzira kuneneratu za kuchitiridwa nkhanza kwa ana ndi maulendo apanyumba otetezera. Ena akufufuza AI kuti apezedwe mwachinyengo m'maprogramu opindulitsa. Komabe, abwanamkubwa ayenera kuyandikira AI mosamala, kutsimikizira kuwonekera bwino ndi kuŵerengera m'kupanga zosankha zochitidwa ndi opanga.

Kuyamba Kudziŵa Zinthu

Maboma ambiri atsegula madayale amene amapangitsa kuti anthu apezeko mfundo za boma. Kuonekera kumeneku kumathandiza ofufuza, atolankhani, ndi nzika kuŵerengera boma ndi kuthandizira kuti boma lifufuze malamulo. Mwachitsanzo, boma la Texas limayendetsa Texas Open Data Portal, yomwe imaphatikizapo masamu a zaumoyo, maphunziro, ndi zoyendera. Kutsegula kwa makompyuta kungachititsenso kukonza zinthu, monga ogulitsa ndi osapanga phindu kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito mabizinesi ndi ntchito zatsopano za boma.

Zoneneratu za Zinthu Zosadziŵika

Maboma angagwiritse ntchito njira zoonera zinthu zimene zawonongeka poganizira kuti zinthu za m’mafakitale zilephereke ndiponso kuti zisamawonongeke bwino. Mwachitsanzo, kudziwa zimene zachokera ku ziwalo za milatho ndi misewu kungadziŵitse kumene kukhoza kuphwasuka kapena kumira, kulola kuti zikonzeke m’malo mokonza zinthu zamwadzidzidzi.

Njira Zodziŵira Zinthu Zoloŵetsedwamo

Kupatula silos pakati pa mabungwe a boma ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Madongosolo a chidziŵitso ogwirizana ndi maphunziro, thanzi, mautumiki a zaumoyo, ndi ntchito zingathandize kudziŵa bwino zosoŵa za anthu okhalamo. Ntchito ya Utah ya “Utumiki wa Unistration Integration project , mwachitsanzo, imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zochokera ku mabungwe ambiri kuti adziwe mabanja amene angapindule ndi thandizo logwirizana. Zotsatira zoyambirira zikusonyeza kuti njira imeneyi ingachepetse kufunika kwa mautumiki amwadzidzidzi ndi kuwongolera zotsatirapo za nthaŵi yaitali.

Kumaliza

Kudziŵa zinthu ndi kuletsa zinthu zakhala zipangizo zofunika kwambiri kwa akazembe ofuna kupanga zosankha za kayendetsedwe ka zinthu. Kuyambira pa kupita patsogolo kwa chuma ndi thanzi la anthu ndi maphunziro ndi zigwirizano, chidziŵitso chimatheketsa akuluakulu a boma kudziŵa mavuto, kusanthula njira, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa njira. Pamene kuli kwakuti mavuto okhudza kukhala paokha, kuyenera, ndi kukhoza kupitiriza, mipata ya kuwongolera njaikulu.

Maboma amene amatsatira ulamuliro wa makompyuta amakonzekera bwino kutumikira anthu awo bwino lomwe ndiponso mwaluso. Pamene luso la zopangapanga likupitirizabe kupita patsogolo, ntchito ya ulaliki wa madongosolo idzangokula, kupangitsa kuti atsogoleri akhale ofunika kukulitsa luso la zolembalemba, kukonza zinthu, ndi kupitiriza kukhala odzipereka pa kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za makhalidwe abwino. Mtsogolo mwa boma ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za m'masamu, ndipo akazembe amene amatsogolera ndi umboni adzalandira malo abwino oyenerera kukwaniritsa zofunika zovuta za m’zaka za zana la 21.