Chiyambi Champhamvu: Kumvetsa Cholinga cha Chiyambi cha Chiyambi

Mawu oyamba a bungwe la United States si otsegulira chabe. Ndi mawu amwambo amene amalengeza kuti ndani akukhazikitsa boma, chifukwa chake akuchita zimenezo, ndi kuti akwaniritsa cholinga chake chachikulu. M’mawu 52 okha, ma Framers anachotsa zolinga za dziko latsopano m’zifuno zisanu ndi chimodzi zimene zatsogolera Amereka kulamulira kwa zaka zoposa mazana aŵiri. Ndime imeneyi ya maziko imakhazikitsa maziko a malamulo onse, kukumbutsa mbadwo uliwonse kuti boma limatenga ulamuliro wake kuchokera ku chilolezo cha ulamuliro ndi kukhala ndi kutumikira anthu.

Malamulo asanayambe kulembedwa, Nkhani za Confederation zinapanga boma lofooka lomwe linalimbana ndi kuthetsa mikangano ya mayiko, kusakhazikika kwa chuma, ndi kuopseza dziko. Pregedge inasonyeza kutha kwa kulephera kwa kuyesako mwa kutsimikizira kuti boma latsopano lidzakhala mgwirizano weniweni wa dziko, osati chabe mgwirizano wa maboma achifumu. Linakhazikitsa masomphenya a democracy yogwirizana, yogwirizana ndi chilungamo, mtendere, chitetezo, ubwino, ndi ufulu. Kumvetsa mawu alionse a Pregageing n’kofunika kuti timvetsetse mfundo za filosofi ndi maziko opindulitsa a democracy ya ku America.

Nkhani Zonse Zolembedwa ndi Mbiri Yake

Mawu oyamba amati:

[1] Ife Anthu a ku United States, mwa Kulinganiza kupanga Union wangwiro kwambiri, kukhazikitsa Chilungamo, kutsimikizira kusoŵa kwa banja, kupereka chitetezo chofala, kuchirikiza Universali, ndi kutetezera Madalitso a Ufulu wathu ndi Mapindu athu, kuika ndi kukhazikitsa Malamulo a United States of America. [FLT :2]

Mawu oyambawo anasinthidwa mu 1787 mkati mwa Msonkhano wa Malamulo ku Philadelphia, mawu oyamba anali a Gouverneur Morris, yemwe anali mpambo wa Komiti ya Masitayelo. Chinenero chake chinali chodzigawa ndi kuyang’ana kutsogolo. Mawu oyambawo akuti “Ife Anthu” tinali kusintha ndi kulowa m’malo mwa Mabungwe a“ Ife Oikidwa Oikidwa a Dzikolo. Ndi kutsimikiza kuti ulamuliro wa Malamulo unachokera mwachindunji kwa nzika za America, osati ku maiko. Panthaŵi imene mafumu ndi maufumu anali kulamulira dziko, imeneyi inali chilengezo choipitsitsa cha ulamuliro wotchuka.

Mawu oyamba anavomerezedwa pamodzi ndi malamulo onse mu 1788. Siinasinthidwe, ndipo chinenero chake chidakali champhamvu lerolino monga momwe chinalili m'zaka za zana la 18. Kupenda mozama ntchito yopanga, National Archives [FLT: 1] imapereka mapendedwe oyambirira ndi manotsi a mbiri yakale.

Kunyalanyaza Mfundo Zisanu ndi Chimodzi

Mfundo 6 zimenezi sizikukhudzana ndi mfundo za m’Baibulo koma zimakhudza zinthu zimene anthu a m’dzikoli amayendera limodzi.

“ Anthufe” – Ulamuliro Wotchuka

Mbali yaikulu ya Pregedge ndi chilengezo chake chotsegulira. Mwa kuika ulamuliro mwa “Anthu,” opanga mafashoni anakana kuyenera kwaumulungu kwa mafumu ndi kukhazikitsa kuti ulamuliro wandale zadziko uchokera ku chivomerezo cha olamulidwa. Lamulo limeneli limapatsa nthambi iriyonse ya boma: nduna zosankhidwa kuyankha kwa wovota, Konsichura kukhoza kusinthidwa kupyolera m'dongosolo la demokrase, ndipo nzika ziri ndi ufulu wa kupempha kaamba ka kusintha. Lingaliro la ulamuliro wotchuka limakhalabe maziko a chizindikiritso cha Amereka a ndale zadziko ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri limaperekedwa m'kutsutsana pa zoyenera zovota ndi kutengamo mbali m'zademo demokrase.

2. “Umodzi Wangwiro Woposa wa Chigwirizano cha Dziko Lonse ndi Chiwonjezeko

Mawu akuti “Union yokwanira kwambiri” imavomereza kuti mgwirizano wopangidwa pansi pa Nkhanizo unali wopanda ungwiro. Maframers anayesetsa kukhazikitsa dongosolo la boma lolimba, logwirizana kwambiri limene lingathetse mikangano pakati pa maboma, kuyendetsa malonda a mayiko, ndi kukhazikitsa mgwirizano m'nkhani zachilendo. Cholinga chimenechi chayesedwa mobwerezabwereza . Koma chimakhalabe cholimbikitsa mgwirizano m’madera onse, m’ndale, ndi m'zikhalidwe. Mfundo ya “Union wangwiro kwambiri” imasonyeza kuti ntchito ya mgwirizano siidzatha; mbadwo uliwonse uyenera kuyesetsa kukulitsa maunansi a dziko limodzi ndi cholinga chimodzi.

3. “Chilungamo Chosatsutsika” – Ulamuliro wa Chilamulo ndi Ubwino

Chilungamo, m’lingaliro la lamulo, chimatanthauza kupanga dongosolo la malamulo limene limachita anthu onse moyenerera pansi pa lamulo. Maframers anakhazikitsa chigamulo cha boma chokhala ndi mphamvu yomasulira Malamulo ndi kuthetsa mikangano. Kupempha kwa Pregedge kwa chilungamo kwakhazikitsidwa ndi Bwalo Lapamwamba, kuchokera ku Marbury v. Madison [kukhazikitsa kupenda kwachiweruzo] kwa Brown v. Board of Education (kupitira). Imatchulanso zoyesayesa zopitirizabe kukonzanso chiweruzo cha upandu, amatsimikizira chitetezo chofanana pansi pa lamulo, ndi kupititsa patsogolo kuimira kwa lamulo.

“Kutsimikizira Kubala kwa Pabanja” – Mtendere wa M’malo mwa Mtendere ndi Dongosolo

Mtendere wa m'banja umatanthauza mtendere m'malire a dzikolo. Mafaramenti anali kudziŵa bwino lomwe za chipwirikiti chimene chinabuka pansi pa Nkhanizo, makamaka Chipanduko cha Shay cha mu 1786 -87, chimene chinasonyeza kulephera kwa boma lalikulu kusungitsa bata. Malamulo anapatsa boma ulamuliro wa boma kuletsa kuukira ndi kutsimikizira boma lililonse kukhala mtundu wa boma. Lerolino, mtendere wa m’dziko umaphatikiza zonse kuchokera ku lamulo ndi kuchita tsoka ku ku kusamutsidwa kwa mtendere ndi chigamulo cha nkhondo za mayanjano kupyolera ku madongosolo a democracy.

“ Zolinga za chitetezo cha onse” – National Security

National Department ndilo thayo la boma. Pregedge imalongosola bwino lomwe kuti boma lilipo kuti liteteze dziko ku ziwopsezo zakunja. Lamulo limeneli lalungamitsa kupangidwa kwa gulu lankhondo loima, Dipatimenti ya Desert , ndi zipangizo za luntha zambiri. Limayambitsanso mapangano, mapangano monga NATO, ndi kuloŵerera kwa asilikali kunja kwa dziko. Mawuwo ndi autali, kulola mbadwo uliwonse kumasulira mkhalidwe wa kuwopseza, kuchokera ku nkhondo wamba mpaka ku ku kuukira kwa foni ndi uchigaŵenga.

6. “Kuthandiza Chitukuko cha Onse” – Kusonkhanitsa

“ Weverfare” ndi imodzi ya mawu otsutsana kwambiri m'lamulo. Panthaŵi ya kugwedezeka, inalingaliridwa kukhala lamulo lotsogolera la kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama ndi malamulo a boma, osati monga kuyang'ana popanda kanthu kwa pulogalamu iliyonse ya boma. Mafuremu adafuna kuti Nyumba za Malamulo zikhale ndi mphamvu zotchulidwa (monga kulipira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito) m’njira zimene zimapindulitsa dziko lonse, osati zinthu zochepera. Mawuwo agwiritsidwa ntchito kulungamitsa Social Security, Medicare, maprojekiti a zoyambira za za m'maseŵero, ndi njira zothandizira zaumoyo wa anthu. Amapereka Kampani ya Malamulo a National Center

7. “Tsegulani Madalitso a Ufulu Wathu ndi Chiyambi Chathu” – Ufulu wa Mibadwo Yamakono ndi Yamtsogolo

Liberty ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri pa zolinga za Pregedge. Opanga mafreme anayesetsa osati kungosunga ufulu wawo wachipembedzo komanso kuteteza ufulu wawo kwa anthu onse a ku America. Kudzipereka kumeneku kwa mbadwo umodzi ndi mbali yosiyanitsa Malamulo. “Liberty” m'nkhani ya Woyambitsa kunaphatikizapo ufulu wa ku boma, ufulu wa katundu, ufulu wa chipembedzo, ufulu wa kulankhula ndi kusindikiza, ndi ufulu wa kulowa nawo m’manja. Mpake kuwonjezera chitetezo chimenechi. Masiku ano, nkhondo yomapitiriza kuwonjezera ufulu wa ukapolo, ufulu wa akazi, malamulo a boma, ndi ukwati wolingana, zimasonyeza lonjezo la Pregambly lakuti ufulu uli wamoyo, ivovo.

Mbali ya Chiyambi m’Kumasulira Koikidwiratu

Ngakhale kuti poyambirapo samapereka maulamuliro a boma alionse kapena kukhazikitsa ufulu wa munthu aliyense payekha umene ungaperekedwe m’khoti, ilo limapereka kulemera kwakukulu. Khoti Lapamwamba latchula mawu oyamba monga chitsogozo kumvetsetsa zifuno za Malamulo. Mwachitsanzo, mu Matricy v. Madison [18] [1] [18] [03], Jaji Wamkulu John Marshall anachonderera mawu a ulamuliro wa malamulo kulungamitsa kupendanso. Mcloch. Mary v[FLT] .[FLT] [18] [18]), Khotilo linalodoma lonena za Preglatrydy kuti “atreat kutetezera ndi“ kuchirikiza lamulo lachigwirizano chachikulu cha United States ndi Chigawo Chachiŵiri cha Bhakeme.

Mawu akuti Pregedge amagwira ntchito monga maziko osafuna yankho m’nkhani yandale. Mapresidenti kaŵirikaŵiri amaigwira mawu m’maadiresi otsegulira, ziŵalo za Congress zimaipempha pamene ziyambitsa lamulo, ndipo nzika zimaitchula m’makalata kwa akonzi ndi zitsutso zapoyera. Ndi mfundo yogwirizana imene imachirikiza lingaliro lakuti demokrase ya Amereka iri ntchito yopitirizabe yozikidwa pa chivomerezo ndi chifuno.

Maphunziro ndi Kuphunzira: Kuphunzitsa Mwana

Preging ndi imodzi ya malembo oyambirira alamulo amene ophunzira a ku America amakumana nawo. Nthaŵi zambiri amaloŵeza pamtima m'sukulu ya pulaimale, koma tanthauzo lake lonse limaonekera mwa kuphunzira kwambiri kusukulu ya sekondale, ndi kupitirira. Cobics Priverys imagogomezera mawu oyamba kuthandiza ophunzira kumvetsa kuti malamulo a m'malemba a m'malamulo koma kuti njira yamoyo yolinganizidwira kukwaniritsa zinthu zenizeni. Magulu onga Otsogolera za CBICF Education [ amapereka chuma chimene chimalimbikitsa kulingalira mozama ponena za mmene zolinga za Pregaget ingagwiritsidwire pa zochitika zamakono.

Aphunzitsi amagwiritsira ntchito mawu oyamba kuyambitsa makambitsirano onena za chimene “chilungamo” chimawoneka kukhala chochitidwa, mmene“ bata la khanda” limalinganizira chisungiko ndi ufulu, ndi kaya malamulo a boma amakono “amathandizadi kulinganiza ubwino wa onse.” Mwakugwirizanitsa mawu oyamba ku nkhani zamakono . Zonga ngati kusintha kwa zaumoyo, malamulo a za kusamuka, kusintha kwa nyengo, ndi chisungiko cha dziko, zimathandiza ophunzira kuona kuti malamulo a boma akhalabe maziko ofunika ndi amphamvu a kudzilamulira.

Zimene Tingachite M’tsogolomu Ndiponso Mavuto

Malamulo amakhalidwe abwino a posapoto si okhazikika; amasintha pamene chidziŵitso cha chitaganya cha demokrase chikuzama.

Ulamuliro Wachisawawa M’nyengo ya Chiŵerengero cha Masamu

“ Ife Anthu” tagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono. Kupempha kwa pa Intaneti, kugwiritsa ntchito njira za makompyuta, ndi makompyuta ovota amalola nzika kuchita mwachindunji ndi ulamuliro. Komabe zovuta zonga ngati kunama, kuloŵerera kwa maiko ena m'masankho, ndi mafunso okhudza kusanthula malamulo a malamulo a masamu kuyesa thanzi la ulamuliro wa anthu ambiri. Kusunga umphumphu wosankhidwa ndi wotetezeredwa bwino ndi wosungidwa kusungitsa lonjezo la Pregeing kudakali yamoyo.

Kufunafuna Mgwirizano Wangwiro Kwambiri mu Mtundu Wogawanikana

Kugawanikana kwa ndale zadziko, kusagwirizana kwa chigawo, ndi kugaŵanika kwa mayanjano zikuwopseza kuyenerera kwa umodzi wa dziko. Zoyesayesa za kugaŵikana, monga ngati malamulo a bipartis, maprogramu autumiki wa dziko, ndi njira zolankhulirana za chitaganya, ndizo zoyesayesa zamakono za “kupanga Chigwirizano changwiro kwambiri.” Pregedge ikukumbutsa anthu a ku America kuti umodzi umafuna ntchito, kuleza mtima, ndi kufunitsitsa kupeza maziko amodzi.

Chilungamo ndi Kusalingana

Chilengezo cha “Chilungamo chokhazikitsidwa” chatsogolera ku magulu a kulinganiza kwa mafuko, kukonzanso apolisi, ndi LGBTQ+ zoyenera. Lamulo lachikwangwani monga Chikalata cha ufulu wachibadwidwe cha 1964 ndi Chikalata cha Zoyenera za ufulu wa anthu cha 1965 zinali zoyesayesa kupangitsa chilungamo kukhala chenicheni kwa onse. Lerolino, mikangano yokhudza kukonzanso chilungamo, kutsekera anthu ambiri, ndi chilango cha imfa chikupitirizabe kuyesa kutsimikiza kwa dziko ku lamulo lokhazikitsidwali.

Kuvuta ndi Nkhani ya Chiŵeniŵeni

Kutsutsa kwamtendere ndi lamulo nkofunika kaamba ka mtendere wa m’banja. Kuwunikira sikumafuna kukhala chete; kumafuna lamulo la kusamala zoyenera za kuyenera. Kulinganiza chisungiko cha anthu ndi ufulu wa kusonkhana kumakhala kovuta, makamaka m’nthaŵi za kusakhazikika kwa mayanjano. Kukhoza kwa boma kusunga bata pamene kuli kutetezera ufulu wa anthu kuli chisonyezero chachindunji cha chonulirapo cha lamulo.

Kuteteza Anthu Onse m’Dziko Lovuta Kulimvetsa

Mavuto a zachitetezo a mayiko akuchuluka: kuopseza kwa zachitetezo pa Intaneti, uchigaŵenga, kuchuluka kwa zida za nyukiliya, ndi kusakhazikika kwa nyengo. Chikalata cha Pregedge cha “kutetezera anthu onse” chachititsa Dipatimenti ya za Uchitetezo, mabungwe a za luntha, ndi mgwirizano wa mayiko. Koma chikudzutsanso mafunso okhudza ufulu wa anthu, kuyang’anira boma, ndi kuwonongetsa nkhondo. Kusamala ufulu ndi vuto lokhalitsa.

Kukhazikika kwa Mabanja ndi Lamulo la Zachuma

Chikalata chachisawawa cha zachitetezo cha anthu chamakono chimalimbikitsa maukonde a zachitetezo cha anthu. Nkhani za kusamalira thanzi la onse, kusalingana kwa ndalama, ndi kuwonongera ndalama pa zinthu zapamwamba ndi maphunziro zonsezo zimaphatikizapo kupikisana kwa zimene “kukonza zaumoyo wa anthu onse”. Pregedge siilamulira malamulo enieni, koma imatsimikizira kuti thayo lalikulu la boma ndilo ku ubwino wa anthu onse.

Kusunga Ufulu wa Mibadwo Yamtsogolo

Kuteteza ufulu wa zidzukulu kumaphatikizapo kuteteza zipani za demokalase, manyuzipepala odzifunira, ndi ntchito ya juli yapamwamba. Nkhani zonga kukhala paokha pa nyengo ya makono, malamulo a luntha, ndi kuyang’anira zinthu zasayansi kumabweretsa mavuto atsopano. Mawu a Pregedge a kutsogolo amalimbikitsa kuganiza kwa nthaŵi yaitali: zosankha zopangidwa lerolino ziyenera kuteteza ufulu wa anthu amene sanabadwe.

Choloŵa Chachiyambi: Chiyambi cha Chikalata Chomwe Chili ndi Moyo

Chinenero chake chasinthidwa ndi mitundu ina ndi mabungwe ena ofunafuna kupanga zikalata zawo za maziko. Mwachitsanzo, Tchata cha United Nations chimapereka mawu ofananawo akuti: “Ife anthu a United Nations tikutsimikiza... kupulumutsa mibadwo yotsatira ku tsoka la nkhondo. ”

Chinsinsi cha mawu oyambawo n’chochepa kwambiri. Sichimapereka njira zothetsera vuto koma chimakhazikitsa mfundo za makhalidwe abwino. Kachitidwe kalikonse m’mbiri ya America . "kuchotsa ndi kukwiyitsa ndi kuchititsa ufulu wa anthu ndi malo okhala. N’kovuta kuti mbadwo uliwonse ufunse kuti: Kodi tikukhazikitsa Chigwirizano changwiro? Kodi tikukhazikitsa chilungamo?

Kumaliza

Chiyambi cha Malamulo a United States si chiyambi cha mbiri yakale chabe. Ndiko kampasi imene imasonyeza za zolinga za ulamuliro wotchuka, umodzi, chilungamo, mtendere, chisungiko, ubwino, ndi ufulu. Ngakhale kuti siimapereka zoyenera zokakamiza, imapatsa nkhani iliyonse ndi kukonzanso zinthu ndi cholinga. Pamene Amereka akutsutsana za lamulo lawo, mawu oyambira adakali chikumbutso champhamvu cha zimene mtunduwo ukufuna kukhala ndi malamulo amene ayenera kutsogolera ulendo wawo.

Kufufuza kowonjezereka kwa Preggey pa lamulo la America ndi chitaganya, National Archives imapereka zinthu zazikulu za magwero, pamene kuli kwakuti Constitution Center imapereka chuma chothandizira ndi zolemba zaukatswiri. Mabungwe ameneŵa amathandiza kuti mawu a Preggee a “kusunga Madalitso a Liberty" akupitirizabe kugwirizana ndi mibadwo yonse.