Pamene kusintha kwa nyengo kukuwonjezereka, kusiyana pakati pa ndalama zofunikira kuti zisinthidwe ndi ndalama zimene zaperekedwa kukukulirakulira. Mayiko omatukuka, amene kaŵirikaŵiri amavutika ndi masoka a nyengo mosasamala kanthu za kuwonjezera kutentha kwa dziko lonse, amafunikira ndalama zowonjezereka, zodalira kuwonjezera. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mmene kusintha kwa ndalama kumayendera, kumene ndalama zambiri, ndi ndalama zovomerezeka za kulinganiza zinthu zimenezi zikuchokera ku njira yopezera zipangizo zimenezi. Komabe, njira, zopangira, ndi kuyendetsa bwino nyengo kudalirana ndi chithandizo cha maiko ena n’zovuta ndi zosintha. Nkhaniyi ikusintha mmene kusintha kwa ndalama kumayenderana ndi mmene ndalama zimachokera, kumene ndalamazoyenera kuyenera kuwongolera kuyang'anizana ndi vutolo.

Kumvetsa Kusintha kwa Nyengo: Kuposa Kusintha

Kusintha kwa nyengo kumatanthauza kutengera ku kusintha kwa nyengo. Mosiyana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Kusintha kumachititsa kuti mpweya wotenthetsa dziko ukhale wosavuta komanso kuti nyengo ikhale yolimba. Kusintha kumeneku kumathandiza kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa nyengo monga kusefukira kwa madzi, chilala, kukwera kwa nyanja, ndi kutentha kwambiri. Zotsatirazi zimaphatikizapo kumanga makoma a m'nyanja, kuyambika kwa nkhondo, kusintha kuti nyengo ikhale yotentha, ndi kusintha malo oyenderana ndi kukonza malo. Kusintha ndi: madera a ku Bangladesh a kugombe kumafunikira kuloŵerera m'dera la zaulimi kusiyana ndi kugwirizana kwa ku South Sharan Africa. Kusintha kwa ndalama kudalirana kumadalira pa mmene imayenderana ndi mbewu za kumaloko, zolamulira, zolamulira, ndi za sayansi.

Malinga ndi United Nations Environment Programme , mpata wa ndalama wosintha umayerekezeredwa pa $194-36 biliyoni pachaka, pamene kuli kwakuti kuyenda kwenikweni kumaiko omatukuka kuli kachigawo kochepa ka kusoŵako. Thandizo la maiko akunja, makamaka mwa chithandizo cha boma (ODA), kuyesa kutseka mpata umenewu, koma vuto sili kokha ponena za kuwonjezera ndalama zambiri .

Ntchito ya Chithandizo cha Mayiko Posintha Mkhalidwe wa Nyengo

Thandizo la kumayiko ena limathandiza kwambiri pantchito zambiri za kuzoloŵera m’mayiko otsika olandira ndalama.

  • Thandizo la Biteral : Kusamutsidwa kwachindunji kuchokera ku maboma opereka kum'maiko olandira, kaŵirikaŵiri kupyolera mwa mabungwe opititsa patsogolo zinthu onga USAID, UK Foreign, Commonweal & Office Development Office (FCDO), ndi Japan International Compation Agency (JA).
  • [[FLT :0] Thandizo la muluza [1]: zopereka zoperekedwa kupyolera m'mabungwe apadziko lonse monga World Bank, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), ndi mabanki a chitukuko a chigawo.

Kusintha ndalama kudzera m'zithandizo za kumayiko ena si nkhani yokhayikitsa. Makampani amafuna kuti ntchito zizichitika mwapadera: kuyendera limodzi ndi mapulani a dzikolo (NAP), umboni wakuti nyengo ndi kulowa m'gulu la amuna ndi akazi.

Mmene Njira Zothandizira Kuchokera Kunja Zikuyendera

ODA imakhalabe yotchuka, koma njira zapadera zothandizira kuyendetsa nyengo zakhala zikutulukira. [FLT:] Greentical Climate Fund (GCF) , yokhazikitsidwa pansi pa UNFCCCC , ndiyo thumba lalikulu koposa la dziko lonse lakuimirira, ndi lamulo la kugaŵira 50% za chuma chake kuti zisinthe. Mofananamo, Development Facity (GEF) imayang'anira Last Developedive Counts Fund (LDCFF) ndi Special Fund (SCFF). Ndalama zimenezi zimagwira ntchito pansi pa chitsanzo cha ntchito: kutumiza malingaliro, amene amaikidwa ndi ndalama zoyendetsera ndi gulu la bungweli. Pamene kuli kwakuti njira imeneyi ikhoza kutsimikizira kuti ikhale yothandiza zaka zitatu.

Njira zatsopano zimaphatikizapo [[FLT: 0] programatic partivity (kuchirikiza kwa zaka za kusinthika kwa dziko) ndi devolved [ (kugwiritsira ntchito ndalama mwachindunji ku maboma ndi mabungwe a anthu). Mwachitsanzo, [[FLT:] Adption Fund yopanga zinthu zolowera mwachindunji, kulola maiko omatukuka kuyendetsa ntchito popanda mamedia media, kuchepetsa ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito ndi ntchito yomanga nyumba.

Kuthandiza Anthu Ovutika ndi Matenda a M’nyengo

Ndalama Zothandiza Kusintha M’nyengo

  • [[FLT: 0] CreateD Fund (GCF) : Pa 20L:1], GCF yavomereza kupitirira $13 biliyoni ya ntchito m'maiko oposa 120, ndi ntchito zosintha zokhala ndi chitetezo cha madzi, gombe lotetezera, ndi ulimi wa nyengo. Komiti ya chigawo ya Chingelezi imathandiza mayiko kukonzekera zolingalira zolimba.
  • Mkhalidwe wa Padziko Lonse Facility (GEF) – LDCF: LDCF imayang'ana mwachindunji 46 LP Developed Counts (LDCs), maprojekiti a ndalama ogwirizana ndi Programmes za National Ectamplification Programmes of Action (NAPAS).
  • [[FLT :0] Foundation Fund [FLT: Yokhazikitsidwa pansi pa Protocol ya Kyoto, thumba limeneli likugulitsidwa kupyolera mwa 2% levy pa ngongole za carbon kuchokera ku Clean Development Mechanism (ngakhale kuti kamtsinje ka ndalama kameneka kachepa). Imeneyo inayambitsa ntchito zachindunji ndi ntchito zapamwamba za chitaganya.

Kupita Patsogolo kwa Maboma

Mayiko a boma asintha ndalama kudzera m'mabuledia. United States, kudzera ku USAID, adzipereka kuti asinthe nyengo potsatira mapulogalamu monga Pulezidenti wa Emergency Plan for Emphargency and Resilience (PREPARE). International Climate Initivection (IKI) ya ku Germany imachirikiza kusintha kwa mayiko amene amagwirizana nawo. JICA , ku Japan, kutengera malowolo a kampani. Kugunda kwa madeti a madeti a dziko la United States kaŵirikaŵiri kumalimbana ndi zigawo kapena mayiko ena amene ali ndi mgwirizano wa mbiri yakale.

Ndalama za Malo Okhala ndi Anthu a M’madera Osiyanasiyana

Mabungwe achitanso mbali. African Development Bank’s Development Fund for Africa ndi Calbaten Community Change Climate Centre (CCCCCC]] [[FLT3]] imagaŵira zinthu zopimira za m'deralo. [[FLT:]]] Desert ikulimbana ndi Kayendedwe ka Climatic Discoves [[FLT]]] , ikupangidwa mu 20222], ikumapereka njira zothandizira mayiko okhoza kukonza nyengo, zikuthandizira ndalama zopereka ndalama zoyendekiridwa.

Wogaŵanitsa Magulu ndi Kuphatikiza Ndalama

Kupanga ndalama zachinsinsi zopitira ku masinthidwe kumakhala kochepetsedwa chifukwa cha zobwezedwa zotsika ndi ngozi zazikulu. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za boma popanga ndalama za de-risk . Mwachitsanzo, Commotentivenitive Initivence [1] yayambitsa zikalata za ntchito zosintha, zomwe zathandiza kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino. Mabanki ambiri opanga zinthu (MDBS) mofanana ndi Bank amapereka chitsimikizo ndi ngongole ku likulu la anthu wamba m'magawo monga kuyang'anira madzi ndi ulimi wa nyengo.

Mmene Ndalama Zopereka Zosintha Zimakhalira Zolinganizidwa: Kulinganiza ndi Zinthu Zofunika

Kupereka ndalama zoyendera zinthu zina n’kongochitika mwamwayi, chifukwa cha zimene mayiko osiyanasiyana agwirizana, mayiko amene amaika patsogolo zinthu zofunika, ndiponso chifukwa cha ntchito yomanga.

Ntchito ya Kusintha Zinthu kwa Dziko (NAP)

Pansi pa UNFCCC, maiko omatukuka akulimbikitsidwa kukonzekera Naps amene amadziŵikitsa ntchito zofunikira zoyambirira. Opereka ndi ndalama za nyengo amagwiritsira ntchito mapulani ameneŵa monga maziko a kupereka ndalama zogamulidwa. Dziko lokhala ndi NAP . Lili ndi Nap Gpal’s National Amplitation Plan kapena Ghana’s Climatement Eclementation Strategy . Ndilo kuthekera kwambiri kukopa ndalama zoyendera, ndalama yaitali. Komabe, NAPS zambiri zidakali pansi pa zopereka chithandizo; [[FLT:] NAP . . NAP . . . . . . . .NAP. . . . . . . .

Kugwirizana kwa Ntchito

Malipiro ambiri a kusinthika amaperekedwa kupyolera m'dongosolo la ntchito: kutsimikizira, kukonzekera, chivomerezo, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kupenda. Kuphatikiza ndalama zambiri, maiko amapereka mfundo ndi zifuno zonse. GCF, mwachitsanzo, ikufuna kuti mapangano agwirizane ndi ziwiya zakutizakuti: ziwoneke, kusintha kodalirika, kudalira kwa co-benefit, ndi kukhala ndi dziko. Maprogalamuwo amayendera kupenda ndi kuvomereza. Njirayo njovuta koma njochedwa; ECD [FLT] imadziŵitsa kuti nthaŵi yodalirika kuchokera ku chidziŵitso chovomereza kupitirira miyezi 18 ya ntchito za GCFF. Nthaŵi zambiri, kuchotsedwa kwa pulogalamu kwa pulogalamu yagona pa zochitika, zimene zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zili zofooka.

Kuikidwa kwa Magulu Odalirika

Malo apadziko lonse . Kuphatikizapo Chikalata cha Malamulo 7 ndi Sendai Framework . Ndi Sendai] kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kuyenera kuyambitsa anthu ovutika kwambiri: akazi, anthu a m'dzikolo, alimi ochepa, ndi anthu okhala m’mphepete mwa nyanja. Maprojekiti ambiri tsopano amaphatikizapo kulinganiza ndalama za amuna ndi kutengera njira za chitaganya. Mwachitsanzo, [FLT: 0] Adappathoption Fund’s Community-Inded Ementation (BA) programme amathandiza mwachindunji anthu a m'dera lawo kuti apange ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito ntchito ntchito ntchito, kulimbitsa umbuye ndi kuyenera kwa anthu.

Mavuto Olepheretsa Kusintha Zinthu Kuti Ziziyenda Bwino

Ngakhale kuti pali thandizo lalikulu, kuzoloŵera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kumakumana ndi mavuto osatha.

Kuchepetsa ndi Kuwonjezera

Kamphindi ka zachuma ka ndalama kadakali kambiri. Maiko otukuka adalonjeza $100 biliyoni pachaka pofika 2020 pa UNIFCCC , koma chiwopsezo chimenechi chinangokwaniritsidwa pang'ono. Ndiponso, ndalama zambiri zochitiridwa lipoti za nyengo siziri zatsopano ndi zowonjezereka. Amawonjezeranso -ODA imene ingakhale itagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zinthu zina zofunika. Kusoŵa kwa kudalirana pakati pa opereka ndi olandira.

Kusinthasintha ndi Kucholoŵana Kwake

Ndi opereka ndalama zoposa 40 ndi ndalama zambiri, maluso a zachuma amagaŵikana kwambiri. Khonsa lililonse lili ndi njira zake zogwirira ntchito, kupereka zifuno, ndi miyezo yaudindo. Zimenezi zimaika ntchito yaikulu pa maiko olandira, amene kaŵirikaŵiri satha kupeza ndi kuyang'anira mitsinje yambiri. Khomishoni ya Gelson on Emplitation yakhala ndi ntchito yowonjezereka, ya dziko lokhala ndi njira yoyendera.

Kupima ndi Kupereka

Kupima mphamvu ya kuzoloŵera kugula zinthu nkovuta mwachibadwa. Mosiyana ndi mitigation . kumene kuchepetsako kuli phindu la quantificiation (mphindi, kuchepa kwa kuthekera, kulimba kwa mphamvu) kuli ndi mozungulira ndi kuchitika kaŵirikaŵiri kwa zaka makumi ambiri. Madoko akugwiritsira ntchito kwambiri zipangizo zonga Kulinganiza kwa FRANT , ndi [[FLT] TRACTTTTTTY , ndi Kufikira [TTTTH], koma kuzoloŵera kwanthaŵi zonse kumakhala kosafikiritsika. Popanda ziyambukiro zodalirika, kusunga mfundo zandale ndi ndalama kuchirikiza.

Kuchepa kwa Udindo Wokhala M’malowo ndi Kukhala Mwini Nyumba

Makonzedwe ambiri osintha ndi opangidwa ndi alangizi akunja okhala ndi mfundo zochepa kuchokera kwa osungitsa za kumaloko. Izi zingatsogolere ku madongosolo olakwika . Mwachitsanzo, kupanga madongosolo othirira amene alimi akuno sangawasunge. Kutchula zimenezi, [FLT: 0] Kusinthana ndi Resilience (LAR) [1] Masiteshoni a m'mabungwe adziko ndi maphunziro a . Kupatsa mabungwe a kumalo ndi kuchirikiza chidziŵitso cha ku South South ndi South asinthana n’kovuta.

Mipata ya Kusintha Ndalama Mogwira Mtima

Ngakhale kuti mavutowa ndi aakulu, palinso mwayi wosintha zinthu zina.

Kusintha Makina

Masinthidwe a Seychelles-akuluang-complinet akulandira chisamaliro. Pansi pa makonzedwe ameneŵa, mbali ya ngongole yakunja ya dziko imakhululukidwa kapena kutayidwa posinthana pangano la kusungitsa kuzoloŵerana ndi nyengo. Mangawa a Seychelles-as asinthasinthanitsa ndi kusinthana kwa nyengo. (208) amapereka chitsanzo, ngakhale kuti kusintha kwa kusintha kwa kusintha kwa zinthu sikunapezekebe. Katatasipe ndi inshuwalansi [1] Amaperekanso mapangano angozi: ku Afirika Oikako.

Kusintha kwa Makompyuta ndi Zinthu Zina

Luso la zopangapanga lingawonjeze kugaŵira ndi kuyang'anira. Satellite, kujambula, ndi zithunzithunzi za AI zokhala patali zimathandiza kudziŵa malo otentha kumene kuikizira ndalama kukufunika kwambiri. Makampani a zachuma a metaneti amatheketsa kusamutsidwa kwa ndalama ku mabanja okhudzidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa nyengo. Bank ya World Climate Resilience Information System (CLT) ndi njira imodzi imene imathandizira kulinganiza zinthu zenizeni ndi kulinganiza ndi kugaŵira zinthu.

Kupanga Dziko Kokwezedwa ndi Kupeza Kolondola

A GCF ndi Franction Fund awonjezera [[FLT: 0] kupezeka mwachindunji , kulola mabungwe a dziko kuyang'anira ndalama popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mameseji ambiri. Zimenezi zimachepetsa kuchedwa ndi kumanga mphamvu za kumaloko. programu ya Komiti ya Ubwino ndi Chichirikizo cha Apulogalamu [ Imapereka mphatso zothandiza kulimbitsa madongosolo a mabungwe awo kuti akwaniridwe mwachindunji.

Kuthandizana ndi Kusinthana Chidziŵitso cha Kummwera

Maiko otukuka omwewo akukhala magwero a ukatswiri ndi ndalama. Brazil, China, ndi India amapereka chithandizo chaluso ku maiko ena omatukuka kupyolera mwa maprogramu a zigawo za ma Bilatea. Kugwirizana kwa South South- Southern for Appect kumathandizira kugawana ndi machitidwe abwino koposa. Mwachitsanzo, mmene dongosolo la chigumula cha Bangladesh chapambuyo pa nkhondo lasinthidwa ku Malawi. Kuphunzira kwa ausinkhu wamakono kumeneku kuli kopindulitsa ndi koyenerera.

Kusintha Kokulira m’Manda a Dziko

Pamene kuli kwakuti chithandizo chakunja nchofunika, kusintha kwa nthaŵi yaitali kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zapanyumba. Kuchirikiza kulinganiza kwa zanyengo ndi kuyendetsa ndalama za anthu kungathandize maiko kusinthana ndi kulinganiza kwawo. Comptitetic Bactage Taging [[FLL:1] project system , yogwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi maiko onga Nepal ndi Bangladesh, njira zosinthira kupyola pa '1998, zomwe zimathandiza kuyang'anira ndi kulinganiza bwino ndi NAPs.

Kufufuza za Matenda: Kupereka Ndalama Zosinthasintha

Bangladesh: Kumanganso Gombe ndi GCF

Bangladesh ndi limodzi la mayiko otetezedwa kwambiri ndi nyengo. GCF inaigulitsa pafupifupi $100 miliyoni mu Project , Communy Climate Change (CCCP) , imene imachirikiza majekete 100 a m'mphepete mwa nyanja: kumanga malo osungirako mphepo yamkuntho, kubzala mitengo ya malungo, ndi kugaŵira njira zina zochiritsira. Ntchito imeneyi imagwiritsa ntchito njira ya komiti yakwanirft , ndi ndalama za boma. Zotsatirapo zoyambirira zimasonyeza kuchepa kwa kuwonongeka ndi kuwongolera chakudya, ngakhale kuti kukwera kwa denga kudakali chito chovuta polamulira.

Ethiopia: Programme ya Zachitetezo (PSNP)

PSNP ya Ethiopia, yothandizidwa ndi anthu ambiri opereka ndalama (USAID, DFID, EU) ndi World Bank, imaphatikiza chitetezo cha chitaganya ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Imatumiza ndalama kapena chakudya ku mabanja amene akuyang'anizana ndi kusatetezereka kwa chakudya, pamene ikufuna kutenga nawo mbali m'nyumba za chuma zochokera m'chitaganya. Zonga ngati kuteteza nthaka, kututa madzi, ndi kukonzanso malo ena. Programu imeneyi yafika pa anthu oposa 8 miliyoni ndipo ikunenedwa kuti ikuchepetsa mphamvu ya chilala. Ikusonyeza mmene kusintha kukhoza kupangidwa m'kukonzanso.

Zisumbu za Pacific: Kusintha kwa Zigawo kupyolera m’nyanja ya Pacific

Chisumbu Chaching'ono Chotukuka ku Pacific (SIDS) kuyang'anizana ndi ziwopsezo zochokera ku kukwera kwa nyanja ndi mphepo. Phacificial Resilience Faciality (PRF) , zoyambitsidwa ndi chichirikizo kuchokera ku Japan, Australia, ndi GCF, zimapatsa ndalama zothandizira ndi zololekanitsira malo: makhoma, madzi osungira, ndi zipatala zotetezedwa ndi mphepo. Malo amagwiritsira ntchito dzikolo kuchepetsa zidutswa ndi kutulutsa mabowonekedwe. Imakhoma njinga zopidi. Imafuna kukweza $1.5 biliyoni (2030).

Kumaliza: Njira Yopezera Makhalidwe Osinthasintha M’nyengo

Chithandizo chachilendo chidakali chofunika kwambiri kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nyengo m'mayiko ovutika kwambiri padziko lonse. Ndalama zambiri, mabungwe a zigawo za zigawo, ndi njira zatsopano zimapereka zinthu zofunika kwambiri, koma njirayi imasokonezeka ndi ndalama zosakwanira, kugaŵikana, ndi malo ofikirapo. Malonjezo a Chipangano cha Paris . $100 biliyoni pachaka ndi kuikizidwa kwabwino pakati pa kuchepetsa ndi kutengera zinthu. Kutseka malire a ndalama, opereka ndalama ayenera kulemekeza mapangano, kulowa m’mipata, ndi kuyang'anira dziko kumanga malo a mwiniwa.

Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, kusintha kwa ndalama kuyenera kuyang'ana kupyola pa projekiti. Kupirira kwakukulu kwa nyengo ku ma bajeti a kutsungula kwa dziko, kuwonjezera pa ndalama za boma mwa kugwirizanitsa, ndi kuikizira utsogoleri wa zolemba ndi wa anthu kungachititse dola iliyonse kukhala yogwira ntchito. Monga momwe Bungwe la Intergovernmental Parector on Climate Change (IPCC) [FLT ,1] lachenjeza, mlingo uliwonse wa kutentha kwa dziko lapansi ukuwonjezera mtengo wosintha.