Madongosolo andale zadziko sali malingaliro osatsimikizirika osungidwa m'mabuku kapena m'zipinda za malamulo . Ndizo maluso osaoneka a kamangidwe amene amalamulira moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuyambira pa mtengo wa mkate kufikira ku kuyenera kwa kutsutsa, kuyambira pa kulimba kwa masukulu kufikira ku chisungiko cha kuyenda kunyumba usiku, mtundu wa dongosolo la ndale zadziko mmalo mwa kulinganiza mwachindunji zimene nzika iliyonse inakhala ndi moyo. Nkhani ino ikufufuza mmene madongosolo andale osiyanasiyana amayambukirira mwaŵi wa zachuma, ufulu wa mayanjano, chisungiko chaumwini, maphunziro, ndi chisamaliro cha zaumoyo, kupereka kumvetsetsa kwa chifukwa chake kulamulira zinthu m’dziko kupyola tsiku la chisankho.

Kumvetsetsa Madongosolo Andale Zadziko: Kuyang’ana Mozama

Madongosolo andale zadziko ndiwo maziko a ulamuliro, kupanga zosankha, ndi kuŵerengera amene amalinganiza chitaganya. Pamene kuli kwakuti magulu otchuka . democracy, a decuritalism, totalitarianism, monarchy, ndi communist . Kukhazikitsa malo othandiza kuyambika, madongosolo enieni adziko kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizana kuchokera ku mitundu yambiri. Kumvetsetsa madongosolo ameneŵa kumavumbula mmene amatembenuzirako ziyambukiro zotsimikizirika pa miyoyo ya anthu.

Demokalase ndi Zinthu Zake

Pa maziko ake, demokrase imapatsa nzika kuyenera kwa kutengamo mbali m’kulamulira, kaya mwachindunji kapena kupyolera mwa oimira osankhidwa. Komabe, si ntchito zonse za demokrase zaufulu, monga zija za ku Scandinavia ndi Kumadzulo kwa Yuropu, kugogomezera kuyenera kwa munthu aliyense, ulamuliro wa lamulo, ndi mabungwe odziimira pa yekha. Illibaral democracy, monga Hungary kapena Turkey m’zaka zaposachedwapa, imasunga machenjera a osankhidwa koma mwadongosolo amachepetsa maulamuliro audindo apamwamba.

  • Kuvota Ufulu: M'mademokrase, kutsimikizira kwa padziko lonse kuti nzika zonse zazikulu zingasankhe atsogoleri awo. Kutsendereza kwa Voter, gerrymandering, kapena malamulo a ID angawononge ufulu umenewu pochita.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ufulu wa Kulankhula ndi Magazi: Mkhalidwe wamphamvu wa anthu umalola nzika kusuliza boma popanda mantha. Zoulutsira nkhani za Indeshi zimachita monga mlonda, kuvumbula ziphuphu ndi kudziŵitsa makani a anthu.
  • Kutseguka kwa Chilamulo: [[FLT :1] M'madongosolo a democracy, palibe aliyense amene ali pamwamba pa lamulo. Makhoti amagwira ntchito modziimira, kutetezera nzika ku zochita za boma zopanda lamulo ndi kutsimikizira mapangano kukhala ovomerezeka.
  • Civil Society: [[FLT :1] Mabungwe, maukwati a malonda, ndi magulu auphunzitsi amakula bwino, kupereka njira za ntchito yaunyinji ndi kuŵerengera mphamvu.

Maboma ochirikiza kulabadira kwambiri boma chifukwa atsogoleri ayenera kuyang’anizana ndi masankho nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi. Kuŵerengera kumeneku kumasonkhezera kuikizira zinthu zapoyera monga ziŵiya zapamwamba, maphunziro, ndi chisamaliro cha zaumoyo .N.N.

Kulemba: Mphamvu Yoikidwa, Ufulu Wochepa

Maboma a audindo amaika mphamvu m’manja mwa mtsogoleri mmodzi, mtsogoleri wankhondo mmodzi, kapena kagulu kapamwamba.

  • Kugamulidwa kwa Chivomezi cha Chiŵeniŵeni: Ufulu wa msonkhano, mayanjano, ndi mawu amalamuliridwa mwamphamvu. Nthaŵi zambiri mapangano amaletsedwa, ndipo anthu otsutsa amayang'anizana ndi kuvutitsidwa, kumangidwa, kapena zoposerapo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Media yolamuliridwa :[[FLT :1] Boma limakhala ndi mapulogalamu aakulu oulutsira nkhani, kuumba nkhani ndi kutsendereza kutsutsa.
  • Kuŵerengera kwa Umboni: Zisankho, ngati zisungidwa, siziri zaufulu kapena zolungama. Chigamulo nchogonjera kwa bwana, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri chiphuphu sichimalangidwa.
  • Kusankha Uyang'aniro wa Economic : Maboma ambiri authoritarianism amasungitsa ntchito za kapitawolizimu koma kutsogolera mapindu ku makampani ndi autsamunda. Kukula kwa chuma kukhoza kuchitika, koma kusalingana kukhoza kukula.

Kwa nzika wamba, kulamulira kwa authoritarianism kumatanthauza kulondola dongosolo limene malamulo angasinthe mayanjano aumwini ndi aumwini kaŵirikaŵiri kukhala ofunika kuposa chitetezo chalamulo. Moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku umafunikira kuchenjera / kudziŵira nthaŵi yolankhula ndi nthaŵi yokhalira chete.

Ulamuliro Wopondereza: Boma Lili Mbuye Wokha

Boma limafuna kumvera osati kokha, kuwongolera malingaliro aumwini, maganizo a banja, chikhalidwe, ndipo ngakhale chipembedzo.

  • Mtundu wa nzika za ku Zambia ukuyang'aniridwa kudzera m'mapepala a kampani, makamera, makompyuta, ndi makompyuta a ngongole. Kubisa zinthu sikuli.
  • Propaganda ndi Indoctrituration: Maphunziro, nyuzi, ndipo ngakhale zosangulutsa ndizo zida zochirikizira mfundo zolamulira. Malingaliro ovomereza amachotsedwa kapena kuchitidwa upandu.
  • Lamulo la zachuma: Boma ndilo mafakitale onse aakulu ndi kugaŵira zinthu pakati. Kupereŵera, katundu wosalingana bwino, ndi misika yakuda njofala.
  • Kusintha ndi Upandu: Mabungwe a Misa (magulu a achichepere, mabungwe a antchito) ausilikali otengamo mbali, pamene kuli kwakuti apolisi achinsinsi ndi kusonyeza ziyeso zimasunga mantha.

Zitsanzo za mbiri yakale monga Nazi Germany ndi Stalin's Soviet Union zimasonyeza kukhoza kwa ulamuliro wankhanza kuwononga miyoyo. Contemporary North Korea ndi, kumlingo wakutiwakuti, China yamakono pansi pa ulamuliro wa chiXi Jiping wa kutsendereza mbali za ulamuliro wa andale. M'madongosolo otero, moyo umafuna kugwirizana kosalekeza.

Mfumu ndi Chikomyunizimu

Maufumu, kaya auchifumu weniweni kapena walamulo, audindo waudindo kwa wolamulira woloŵa. Malamulo a konsichushoni (m’mphindi, United Kingdom, Japan) amagwira ntchito monga mademokrase okhala ndi maulamuliro a boma, pamene kuli kwakuti maufumu onse a monarchy (m’chingapo, Saudi Arabia, Oman) amasumika maganizo pa ulamuliro wachifumu, kuphatikiza miyambo ya ulamuliro wa authorist. Madongosolo onsewa, m'nthano, cholinga cha magulu a anthu opanda magawo kudzera m'gulu la anthu, koma pochita ntchito yawo (m), China, Vietnam) anena kuti atsendere kuchuluka kwa anthu andale pamene akulola magawo osiyanasiyana a malonda. Madongosolo onsewa amakhudza kwambiri moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku limodzi koma ufulu wandale, pamene maboma a chikomunizimu kaŵirikaŵiri amakhazikitsa ufulu wa anthu paufulu wawo.

Chiyambukiro cha Madongosolo a Zandale pa Moyo wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku

Njira yandale simangothandiza anthu kudziwa amene ali ndi ulamuliro koma imakhudzanso mmene zinthu zilili pamoyo wawo, mmene amagwirira ntchito, ndiponso mmene amalerera ana.

Mipata Yachuma ndi Umoyo

Zotsatirapo zachuma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

  • [[FLT :0] Chilengedwe cha Job : [[FLT :1] Madongosolo a democracy amalimbikitsa malonda mwa kutetezera ufulu wa katundu ndi kusungitsa ntchito. Makampani aang'ono ndi a zapakati achuluka, kupangitsa mwaŵi wa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
  • Kugaŵira kwa Pasadakhale: msonkho wopita patsogolo, maukonde otetezera anthu, ndi malamulo a malipiro ochepera m'mademokrase angachepetse kusalingana. M'maboma a authoritarian, chikapitolizimu ndi ziphuphu za m'makampani apamwamba.
  • [[FLT: 0] Access to Resources: Maboma kaŵirikaŵiri amawononga ndalama zambiri m'maphunziro, maphunziro a ntchito, ndi ziwiya za anthu, zomwe zimatheketsa kuyenda bwino. Maboma aunisteritaliasteriator inganyalanyaze madera a chigawo cha chigawo kapena mafuko ang'onoang’ono.
  • Ufulu wa Chitetezo: Magwirizano ndi kutsagana kwa chigawo chimodzi n’zotetezeredwa m’mademokrase; m’mayiko ambiri a authoritarianism, maukwati odziimira paokha amaletsedwa kapena amaikidwa pamodzi.

Mwachitsanzo, World Bank [[FLT: 1] imadziŵitsa kuti mabungwe a democracy a Sweden amathandiza kugwira ntchito zapamwamba ndi kusalingana kwapamwamba, pamene kuli kwakuti malamulo a maindasitale ku China achotsa mazana a mamiliyoni a umphaŵi koma kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa malo okhala ndi kudyeredwa mwankhanza. Madongosolo andale amasankha kaya kukula kuli kophatikizapo kapena kotengapo.

Ufulu wa Mayanjano ndi Mfulu Wachiŵeniŵeni

Mbali zochepa za moyo zimamvedwa mwaumwini monga ufulu wa kulankhula, kulambira, kusonkhanitsa, ndi chikondi chimene munthu amasankha. Maboma kaŵirikaŵiri amachepetsa ufulu umenewu m’malamulo ndi m’mapangano a mitundu yonse, ngakhale kuti malamulo a boma ndi opondereza amasiyana.

  • Ufulu wa Mawu: Mu Sweden kapena Canada, nzika zingasulize boma, kufalitsa malingaliro otsutsana, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malingaliro osiyanasiyana pa Intaneti. Ku Russia kapena Iran, atolankhani osuliza amamangidwa, ndipo intaneti imatsutsidwa kwambiri.
  • Malunga ku Association : Democraccas imalola zitsutso zamtendere, kuyambira pamphepo za nyengo ndi kuphulika kwa antchito. Ku China, ngakhale misonkhano ing'onoing'ono imafunikira chivomerezo cha boma, ndipo zitsutso za Tiananmen Square za 1989 zimatsekerezedwabe m'chikumbukiro cha anthu.
  • Ufulu Woyenera: LBTQ+ anthu, zipembedzo zazing'ono, ndi mafuko akusangalala ndi zitetezero zalamulo m'mademokrase ambiri. Ku Saudi Arabia, kugonana kwa ofanana ziŵalo kumalangidwa ndi imfa, ndipo ufulu wa akazi umakhala woletsedwa kwambiri mosasamala kanthu za kusintha kwaposachedwapa.
  • Privitacy: Maboma ali ndi malamulo otetezera a chidziŵitso, ngakhale kuti ukatswiri wa maboma ofutukulidwa pambuyo pa 9 / 11. Maboma aunduna monga China amatumiza madongosolo a ngongole a anthu ndi kuzindikira nkhope ya anthu onse, kukwaniritsa chiyembekezo chilichonse cha kukhala chinsinsi.

Nyumba yaufulu lipoti lapachaka limatsatira ufulu umenewu padziko lonse, kusonyeza kuchepa kovutitsa kwa demokrase padziko lonse. Nzika za ulamuliro ndi ufulu wochepa ziyenera kuŵerengera nthaŵi zonse mtengo wa kulankhula chowonadi ku ulamuliro.

Chisungiko cha Munthu Aliyense ndi Chilungamo

Kutetezeka kwa anthu m’nyumba zawo, m’madera awo, ndi mmene amachitira ndi boma ndi njira yaikulu yochitira zinthu m’zandale.

  • Kukakamiza kwa Malamulo: [[FLT :1] M'mademokrase, apolisi ali ndi mlandu wa kuyang'anira kwa kudziimira ndipo ayenera kutsatira njira yoyenerera. Ku Russia kapena Igupto, apolisi kaŵirikaŵiri amachita zinthu popanda chilango, akumasuliza boma.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ufulu wa Chipulumutso: Makhoti Abwino amatetezera nzika ku kumangidwa ndi kuchirikiza mapangano olakwika. Ku Venezuela, khoti lachiweruzo ndi chiŵiya cha chigamulo, ndipo kutsekera kopanda lamulo nkofala.
  • Ufulu wa Anthu: Maufumu ndiwo zisonyezero ku mapangano a ufulu wa anthu a mitundu yonse, koma ngakhale iwo amayang'anizana ndi mavuto onga nkhanza ya apolisi kapena kumangidwa kwa anthu (monga ku United States). Maboma audindo amagwiritsira ntchito molakwa ufulu wa anthu mwadongosolo . Kupondereza, kupha, ndi kupha.
  • [[FLT: 0] Nkhondo ya Internal : Madongosolo andale ofooka kapena otsendereza angayambitse nkhondo yachiŵeniŵeni (Syria, Libya) kapena uchigaŵenga (Afghansan pansi pa Taliban). Democraccas, mwa kuyankha zidandaulo kupyolera m'njira zandale, kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala okhazikika.

Malinga ndi ziŵerengero, mademokrase ali ndi ziŵerengero zotsika za chiwawa chandale ndi utali wa moyo kuposa maboma a authoritarianism, mogwirizana ndi chidziŵitso kuchokera ku Project IV . Komabe, kusintha ku demokrase kungakhale kwachiwawa, monga momwe kukuwonekera ku Iraq pambuyo pa 2003.

Maphunziro ndi Kusamalira Thanzi

Madongosolo andale amasankha mmene chitaganya chimapitira ndalama m’likulu la anthu.

  • [[FLT : 0] Kuphunzitsa : [[FLT :1] M'mademokrase onga Finland, maphunziro amakodwa ndi boma, mphunzitsi-drive, ndi kusumikidwa pa kulingalira kosuliza. M'dongosolo la China la ulamuliro wankhanza, maphunziro amagogomezera kukhulupirika kwa dziko ndi Chipani cha Komyunizimu, ndi ufulu wa maphunziro wochepa. Munsi mwa ulamuliro wa ulamuliro wankhanza, monga ku North Korea, maphunziro ndi mabodza.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ulemu wowonjezereka: Maboma kaŵirikaŵiri amapereka chisamaliro cha zaumoyo chapadziko lonse kapena chochuluka (m' lekuatiso, UK's NHS, Canada) chochirikizidwa ndi misonkho yopita patsogolo. Maboma a aunisteritalitsi angapereke chisamaliro chachikulu koma angasaukire ku kusakwanira, njala, ndi ziphuphu. Ku United States, democracy , democracy koma ndi dongosolo la anthu wamba, kulowa m'malo aumoyo n’kopanda kulingana. M'mayiko andale monga North Korea, anthu wamba satha kusamala zaumoyo.
  • Kufufuza ndi Kusintha: Maufumu kaŵirikaŵiri amathandizira mayunivesite odziimira okha ndi kufufuza, kupititsa patsogolo sayansi. Maboma authoritarian angachititse nkhani zofufuza zolingaliridwa kukhala zamphamvu m'ndale (m., ku China, kufufuza za chiyambi cha ChoVID-19).

Mliri wa Covid - 19 unachitira chitsanzo bwino lomwe kusiyana kumeneku: mademokrase analimbana ndi kugwirizana ndi kusadziŵana bwino, pamene maboma a authoritarianism onga China analetsa chidziŵitso choyamba, kuchititsa kufalikira kwa dziko lonse. Komabe madongosolo onse aŵiriwo anasonyeza kulephera kutetezera osavuta.

Kufufuza za Matenda: Mmene Madongosolo Amayambukirira Miyoyo

Kumvetsetsa nthanthi nkofunika, koma zitsanzo zenizeni za dziko zimamveketsa chiyambukiro cha madongosolo andale zadziko pakukhalako kwa tsiku ndi tsiku.

Germany: Demokrase Yopanda Chilungamo Ibwereranso

Pambuyo pa zowopsa za ulamuliro wa Nazi ndi kugaŵikana kwa Nkhondo ya Mawu, Germany anatulukira monga dziko la demokrase yokhazikika. "Malonda a zachuma za kakhalidwe ka anthu" ndi zitetezero za antchito zamphamvu, kusamala thanzi la onse, ndi maphunziro a ntchito. Nzika zimasangalala ndi ufulu wachiŵeniŵeni, manyuzipepala aulere, ndi muyezo wapamwamba wa moyo. Federal Constitution Councitional Court imatetezera ufulu wa munthu aliyense payekha, ndi masankho otsimikizira mlandu wa nthaŵi zonse. Kwa nzika za Jeremani, moyo zimapatsa mwaŵi, ndi kuyenera kwa kutsutsa kwa kuwona mtima kwa dongosolo landale lolinganizidwa kuletsa kubwerera kunkhanza.

  • Ubwino wa chuma : [[FLT :1] za Germany zogulitsa kunja zimapereka malipiro ambiri ndi ulova wotsika, wochirikizidwa ndi malamulo a kukhazikitsa limodzi opatsa antchito mipando pamabungwe a makampani.
  • Suctial Welfare: [ Ulondawo wa zaumoyo wapadziko lonse, tchuthi cha makolo chooloŵa manja, ndi maphunziro apamwamba okhoza kukwera amachepetsa kusalingana ndi kuwonjezera kuyendayenda kwa anthu.
  • Chipangano Chachikulu: [1] Nzika zimatengamo mbali m'maphwando ambiri, madongosolo ofunsira, ndi chitaganya chokangalika. Kutsutsa malamulo (m., kusintha kwa mphamvu) n’kofala ndipo nkogwira mtima.

Venezuela: Kugonjetsa Kotsatira Democratic M’chigwirizano cha Authoritarianism

Venezuela akupereka nthano ya mmene demokalase ingafikire kukhala yauchigawenga, moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wosakaza. Pambuyo pa demokrase yotukuka ndi ndalama zopezera mafuta, dzikolo linasankhidwa Hugo Chávez mu 1998, amene mwapang’onopang’ono anali ndi mphamvu zolamulira, mabungwe odziimira paokha, ndi kupondereza chitsutso. Mu ulamuliro wa Nicolás Maduro, boma lakhala lopondereza poyera, lotsogolera ku kukwera kwa mlingo wapamwamba, kusamuka kwa anthu ambiri, ndi umphaŵi wopambanitsa.

  • [[FLT: 0] Kusakaza kwa kampani: Ndalama za mafuta zinagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwa; kuchepetsa mtengo ndi kupangidwa kwa dziko. Hyperflate (oposa 1,000,000%) adapangitsa malipiro kukhala opanda pake. Nzika zokhala ndi chakudya ndi mankhwala.
  • Zotsala za Ufulu: Atsogoleri otsutsa amaikidwa m’ndende, oulutsa nkhani amatsutsidwa, ndipo zitsutso zimachitidwa mwakupha. judicary ndi chidindo cha mphira cha boma.
  • Isokha: Upandu wachiwawa ngwofala, ndipo zipatala zilibe zinthu zofunika. Anthu oposa 7 miliyoni a ku Venezuela athaŵa dzikolo . Limodzi la mavuto aakulu koposa m'mbiri yamakono.

Venezuela amasonyeza kuti ngakhale demokrase yolakwika ingagwere m’chiwonongeko pamene mabungwe andale zadziko achotsedwa ndi kupatsidwa mphamvu mwaumwini.

Singapore: Wolamulira Waluso Wokhutira ndi Malire

Singapore kaŵirikaŵiri amatchulidwa kukhala chitsanzo cha "kugonjera ulamuliro wa authoritarianism" .I dongosolo limene limatulutsa chitukuko cha chuma, zigwirizano za dziko, ndi ziphuphu zochepera pansi pa ulamuliro umodzi wolamulira. Komabe, zimenezi zimabwera ndi mtengo wa ufulu wandale zadziko.

  • Chuma: kulinganiza kwabwino kwa boma, kuyenerera, ndi kumasuka ku kutsatsa malonda achilendo zapangitsa Singapore kukhala umodzi wa maiko olemera koposa pa munthu aliyense. Nzika zimasangalala ndi nyumba zabwino, zoyendera, ndi maphunziro.
  • [[FLT: 0] Komiti ya Malamulo: Malamulo okhwima (m' lekuatiso, otsutsana ndi kutafuna chingamu, kugulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo) amasungitsa bata ndi upandu wotsika. Surveillance ndi yaikulu.
  • Democracy yoikidwa: Chipani cha People’s Action Party chalamulira chiyambire kudziimira. Magulu otsutsa amayang'anizana ndi zitsenderezo zalamulo ndi zaulamuliro. Ufulu wa kulankhula umatsenderezedwa ndi malamulo oukira boma ndi suti zonyodola osuliza. Msonkhano umafuna chilolezo cha apolisi mobwerezabwereza.

Kwa munthu wamba wa ku Singapore, kugulitsako kuli kowonekera: chuma chakuthupi ndi chisungiko kaamba ka kutsenderezedwa kwa kukhala ndi phande m'ndale zadziko. Ambiri amavomereza kulinganiza kumeneku, koma achichepere mowonjezereka amakayikira ngati kulemera kokha kumalungamitsa kupanda ufulu wa anthu. Singapore amasonyeza kuti kulamulira kolamulira kukhoza kuwongolera moyo wakuthupi koma osati popanda kutsendereza maufulu ofunika.

Vignettes: Poland ndi Hungary

Kubwereranso kwa demokrase kwaposachedwapa ku Poland ndi Hungary kumasonyeza mmene madongosolo andale angachotsere pansi pa . Pansi pa Lamulo ndi Chilungamo ku Poland ndi Fidesz ku Hungary, maboma achepetsa ufulu wa kuweruza, kulanda zoulutsira nkhani, ndi ufulu woletsedwa wa LGBTQ. Nzika tsopano zikuyang'anizana ndi malo alamulo osatsimikizirika, ndi anthu okhala pansi pa chitsenderezo. Kwa banja la Poland, lamulo lomwe linatsimikiziridwa kukhala lolungama m'mapangano ndi milandu ya khoti; tsopano, maulamuliro a boma angalandire chithandizo chapadera. Ku Hungary, yunishificism yaukira ufulu wa maphunziro ndi makampani. Zitsanzo zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti demokrase silifunikira kukhala latcheru kuti lisungire mapindu ake.

Mapeto: Matapi Amakhala Aumwini

Dongosolo la ndale zadziko limene munthu amakhala pansi pa lisakhale longopeka, ndilo maziko amene amatsimikizira kaya munthu angalankhule maganizo ake, kupeza ntchito yokhutiritsa, kusamala zaumoyo, kuyenda m’makwalala popanda mantha, ndi kulera ana ndi chiyembekezo cha mtsogolo mwabwinopo. Maulamuliro, mosasamala kanthu za zophophonya zawo, amapereka chitetezo chosasintha kwenikweni kaamba ka ulemu wa munthu ndi mwaŵi. Madongosolo a a aumpenitarianism ndi olamulira ndi otsendereza angalonjeza dongosolo kapena kukula, koma amafuna kupereka nsembe za ufulu ndi chilungamo zimene zimatsendereza mzimu waumunthu.

Kuzindikira mmene madongosolo a ndale zadziko amasinthira moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku kumapatsa nzika mphamvu ya kuchita mochenjera ndi ulamuliro wawo. Imasonyeza chifukwa chake kutetezera mabungwe a demokrase omasuka . . . makhoti odziimira okha, masankho oyenera, ufulu wa anthu, (sintchito yandale za munthu aliyense payekha) koma yaumwini kwambiri. Nthaŵi yotsatira pamene musankha, lankhulani pa holo ya tauni, kapena ŵerenga nkhani ya m'nkhani popanda mantha, kumbukirani kuti: Machitidwe amenewo ngotheka chifukwa cha dongosolo landale limene limasunga mawu anu. Kuteteza dongosololo kumafuna kudziŵa, kukhala nzika yokangalika tsiku ndi tsiku.