M'nyengo yofotokozedwa ndi chidziŵitso chochuluka, kukhoza kupenda mochenjera zimene mumaŵerenga, wotchi, ndi kumva sikulinso luso lofunika kwambiri kupulumuka. Tsiku lililonse, mumadzala ndi nkhani zapanyuzi, malo oulutsira zinthu, kutsatsa malonda, ndi maluso a maatmognol . Kusiyanitsa pakati pa mfundo zotsimikizika ndi zokopa kwasokonezeka, kukuchititsa kukhala kofunika kugamula za njira yodziŵira mkhalidwe wabwino ndi kudalirika kwa chidziŵitso. Ngati mukufufuza zamankhwala, kusankha mmene mungasankhire, kapena kungoyesa kumvetsetsa chochitika chatsopano, maluso osonyezedwa m’nkhani ino adzakuthandizani kudulapo phoko la mawu ndi kufika pa mfundo, zogwirizana ndi umboni zozikidwa.

Zitsanzo za Mawu Olakwika

Zotsatira za kulephera kupenda chidziŵitso si zinthu zopanda nzeru. M'malo a zaumoyo, potengera kachilombo kamodzi koyambitsa mankhwala oopsa a panyumba kangawonongeke. M'ndale, kufalikira kwa zithunzi zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mawu opeka kungasinthe masankho ndi kuchotsa chidaliro cha demokalase. M'zandalama, nkhani zopeka za kampani zingayambitse kugulitsa kapena kuikitsa zinthu zosathandiza. Kugwiritsa ntchito chidziŵitso chapamwamba kwambiri kungasokoneze maganizo anu, kulimbikitsa tsankho, ndi kukupangitsani kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zopezerapo nzeru. Kukulitsa luso la kudzifufuza kuli kachitidwe kamodzi kotsutsana ndi mphamvu zimenezi. Kuteronso ndi ntchito ya thayo la anthu: pamene mukugawana chidziŵitso chotsimikizirika, chodalirika, chodalirika, mumalimbikitsa chidziŵitso cha aliyense.

Chiyeso cha Kulingalira: Funsani Zonse — Mwapadera Zolingalira Zanu Zaumwini

Asanaloŵe m'maluso padera, kumathandiza kukulitsa malingaliro abwino. Ofufuza bwino kwambiri chidziŵitso sakayikira kapena kunyalanyaza; iwo ngodzichepetsa ndi ofunitsitsa. Amazindikira kuti kukondera kwawo kungawachititse kuvomereza chidziŵitso chimene chimawasangalatsa mmalo mwa chidziŵitso cholondola. Zimenezi zimatanthauza kupenda mosamalitsa mmene mumamvera. Ngati mutu wankhani ukukukwiyitsani, kukondwera, kapena kuopa, imani. Maganizo amenewo ndi chizindikiro chakuti zimene zili m’nkhanizo zakonzedwa kuti zichotse maganizo anu. Fulct:0 [umboni uti umene ungasinthe maganizo anga? Ngati simungathe kuyankha kuti, mungakhale wogwirizana ndi chikhulupiriro mmalo mwa kupenda chidziŵitso.

Kumvetsa Chidziŵitso Chamakono

Kupenda chidziŵitso, choyamba muyenera kuzindikira kumene chimachokera ndi mmene chimayendera. Manyuzi amwambo , manyuzi, nkhani zoulutsidwa, magazini a maphunziro . "Stolill" koma tsopano akupikisana ndi mitu yambiri ya makompyuta. Mapulatifomu a za makompyuta, mapepala ang'onoang'ono, mavidiyo a Tik Tok, ndi zinthu zonse zokhala ndi muyanizo zothandizira kusakaniza. Njira iliyonse ili ndi zisonkhezero zake, miyezo ya nyuzi, ndi kufalitsa. Mwachitsanzo, papulati imene imakulitsa pangano kaŵirikaŵiri, modabwitsa, kapena zosokeretsa chifukwa chakuti imasunga ogwiritsira ntchito pepala. Mofananamo, webusaiti imene imayendera ndalama zogulitsa ndalama ingawonjeze nkhani pa nyuzi. Kuzindikira njira iliyonse yopereka chidziŵitso.

Kuwongolera Malamulo a Kachitidwe

Maajeremusi amasintha zakudya zanu zozikidwa pa makhalidwe akale, kaŵirikaŵiri kupanga mafsunt peruss amene amakusonyezani kokha zimene mumagwirizana nazo. Izi zimakupangitsa kukhala wosavuta kuvomereza chidziŵitso chonyenga chimene chimagwirizana ndi wailesi yanu yadziko chifukwa simuona kaŵirikaŵiri zotsutsana. Kuchotsa pa zimenezi, funafunani mwamphamvu magwero amene amatsutsa malingaliro anu. Gwiritsirani ntchito mafunso omwe ali ndi mawu onga "kutsutsana ndi" kapena "masuliridwe anena. Kuŵerenga mabuku okhala ndi malingaliro a olembedwa mosiyana ndi anu. Kuvumbula kumeneku ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri a a a almalgn stos.

Kufulumira kwa Kuulutsidwa Molakwa

Chidziŵitso chonyenga chimafalikira mofulumira kwambiri kuposa choonadi cha makompyuta, malinga ndi kufufuza kwa ku MIT. Mlandu wa malingaliro a mawu olakwika . Nthaŵi zambiri kukwiya kapena mantha . N’zodabwitsa kuti munthu aliyense alandira mpata wotsimikizira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi udindo wochepetsa. Musagawanako kanthu musanafufuze. Ngakhale ngati nkhani ikuona kuti ndi yoona kapena yogwirizana ndi zikhulupiriro zanu, mukhale ndi nthaŵi yofufuza chiyambi chake ndi kulondola kwake. Maminitsi angapo amene mumapanga kutsimikizira kungaletse bodza kufikitsa anthu zikwi zambiri.

Zimene Zimalepheretsa Munthu Kusankha

Ubongo wanu umagwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta zamaganizo kuti ukonze zinthu mwamsanga.

Kutsimikizira Bias

Ichi ndi chikhoterero cha kufunafuna, kumasulira, ndi kukumbukira chidziŵitso mwanjira imene imatsimikizira zikhulupiriro zanu zimene zinakhalapo. Popenda zimene mukuganiza, dzifunseni kuti: Kodi ndikugogomezera kwambiri umboni wochirikiza zimene ndikuganiza kale? yesetsani kufunafuna umboni wotsimikizira ndi kuupenda ndi kupenda komwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kutsimikizira umboni.

Kupeza Chithandizo Chosalephera

Anthu amatsutsa kuti zinthu zina zimene zachitika chifukwa cha mmene zitsanzo zimakhalira zosavuta kukumbukira, ngati posachedwapa mwaonapo nkhani zambiri zokhudza kuukira shaki, munganene kuti ndi zoopsa kwambiri.

Kusintha kwa Zinthu

Kulingalira kumeneku kumachititsa anthu osadziŵa zambiri kuti achuluke ndi luso lawo, pamene akatswiri amapeputsa kukhoza kwawo. Pofufuza nkhani, zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti mungakhale ndi chidaliro chachikulu poona nkhani zopeka. Kudzichepetsa kwabwino . Ndi kufunitsitsa kufunsira ziwiya za kunja ndi akatswiri .

Ntchito Zothandiza Zoti Zifufuzidwe

Njira zingapo zolinganizidwa zapangidwa ndi osamalira mabuku ndi akatswiri odziŵa kulemba ndi kuŵerenga nkhani ndi zoulutsira mawu kuti atsogolere kupenda chidziŵitso. Ziŵiri za zophunzitsidwa kwambiri ndizo [[FLT: 0] Mlingo wa CRAAP ndi [[FLT ]] SANT Merate [. Zonse ziŵiri zinapangidwa kukhala zofulumira, zothandiza, ndi zothandiza.

Kuyesa kwa CRAAP

Atayambitsidwa ndi osunga laibutali pa California State University, Chico, kupima kwa CRAAP kumakupemphani kusanthula magwero ku milingo isanu: ['FLT]], , [[FLT]] , "Revrence[, [[FLT:]]

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  • Kuyamikira : Kodi chidziŵitsocho chikugwirizana ndi zosoŵa zanu? Ndani amene akufuna kumvetsera? Kodi n’chiyeneretso choyenerera (osati choyambirira kapena chopita patsogolo kwambiri)?
  • Ulemu: [[FLT :1] Kodi wolembayo ndani/publisher/magwero? Kodi ali ndi ziyeneretso zotani kapena ali ndi gulu? Kodi ali oyenerera kulemba pa mutu umenewu? Funani chidziŵitso cha anthu kapena "Mwa Ife" tsamba.
  • Accurity : Kodi chidziŵitsocho chiri chochirikizidwa ndi umboni? Kodi mungachitsimikizire kuchokera ku magwero ena? Kodi chinenerocho nchopanda machekesi anzeru? Chenjezerani mawu ndi zilozero.
  • Purpose : Kodi cholinga cha chidziŵitsocho n’chiyani? Kudziŵitsa, kukopa, kusangalatsa, kapena kugulitsa? Kodi cholinga chake chafotokozedwa bwino? Kodi pali ndale zadziko, malingaliro, chikhalidwe, kapena chipembedzo cholakwika? Kodi lingaliro la malingalirowo likuwoneka kukhala lachindunji ndi losakondera?

Kuyesa CRAAP ndi chiyambi cholimba, koma kumagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ngati muli ndi nthaŵi yoŵerenga bwino magwero. Kupima mwamsanga, panthaŵi yeniyeni monga pamene mukusunga makompyuta a pa Intaneti. Njira ya SIFT ingakhale yothandiza kwambiri.

Njira Yophunzitsira

Anapangidwa ndi katswiri wa maphunziro a kuwerenga ndi kulemba Mike Caulfield, SIFT imaimira Kuleka, kujambula magwero, [[FLT ] , [[FLT]] Kupeza chokometsera chabwino [, ndi Traces, zogwira mawu, ndi zoulutsira mawu ku mawu oyambirira.

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  • Kanizani magwero: Kugwiritsira ntchito kufunafuna kwachidule kuphunzira ponena za wofalitsa kapena wolemba. Cheza Wikipedia kapena magwero ena osaloŵerera. Kodi magwero ake amadziŵika kaamba ka kudalirika kapena kuzungulira kwa gulu?
  • Fufuzani makope abwinopo: Mmalo mwa kusanthula nkhani imodzi yokayikitsa, amapeza chidule chodalirika, chenicheni chopendedwa cha chidziŵitso chimodzimodzicho. Funani kuchokera ku makampani okhazikitsidwa a nyuzi kapena mabungwe a boma. Gwiritsirani ntchito zofufuza zenizeni monga Snopes kapena CTCT]. org
  • Amanena, kugwira mawu, ndi kuulutsa mawu kubwerera ku mawu oyambirira: Kaŵirikaŵiri, kapepala ka mavairasi kangagwire mawu munthu wina kuchokera pa nkhani yake kapena kubza fano kusintha tanthauzo lake. Gwiritsirani ntchito kutembenuza chithunzithunzi (Mafano a Google kapena Tineye) kupeza chithunzi choyambirira. Pezani mawu okwanira kapena kufunsa kumene anatengedwa. Sitepe limeneli lokha lingachotse chiŵerengero chachikulu cha zinthu zonama.

Njira ya SAFT imathandiza kwambiri poona ngati nkhani za pa Intaneti n’zodalirika kapena ayi.

Zimene Zikuchitika: Njira Yolowera Kutsogolo

Chenicheni chimaphatikizapo kufunafuna motsimikiza kuchokera ku magwero odalirika. Masitepe otsatirawa angakuthandizeni kupenda mfundo ngati katswiri.

Mfundo Yoyamba: Dziŵani Zimene Zikunenedwa

Kodi chikunenedwa kwenikweni? Lembani momvekera bwino. Nthaŵi zina zimene mukufufuza n’zomveka ("Kufufuza kwatsopano kumasonyeza X kuchititsa Y" ndipo nthaŵi zina kumasonyezedwa (malamulo a Political A atsogolera ku kukula kwa chuma"). Kuona zenizeni ponena za zimene mukufuna kufunafuna umboni wogwira mtima kwambiri.

Sitepe 2: Fufuzani Kumene Kunachokera Mawu Oyambirira

Ngati nkhani yapanyuzi yalembedwa bwino ikugwirizana ndi kufufuza koyamba kapena katchulidwe ka mawu. Ngati palibe mawu ofunika, funani mawu ofunika. Nthawi zambiri, kafukufuku amapotozedwa m'manyuzipepala, kuŵerenga chidule chovuta kapena chaudindo chikhoza kuvumbula zimene kufufuzako kukunena.

Sitepe 3: Onani Bwinobwino Zimene Zikuchokera kwa Olemba Mabuku

Gwiritsirani ntchito mathekishonale a boma (.gov), ma database a maphunziro (Google Schwer, PubMud), ndi ma journals otchuka. Kaamba ka malongosoledwe a zaumoyo, CDC ndi WHO] N’ngodalirika. Kufufuza mfundo zandale, zoyendera mfundo zenizeni monga Politict Fact kapena Washington Post Checker n’zothandiza.

Sitepe 4: Gwiritsani Ntchito Mfundo Zomwe Zikupezeka Kuti Zikupezeka pa Nkhani Yowerenga Nthawi Yomwe Yapita Patsogolo

Mmalo mokhala pa tsamba loyamba ndi kuyesa kulisanthula (kuŵerenga bwino), tsegulani matepi atsopano ndi kufunafuna zimene zolembedwa zina zodalirika zimanena ponena za mutu umodzimodziwo. Imeneyi ndi njira yogwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi akatswiri ofufuza mfundo. Mwakufufuza mwamsanga magwero ambiri odziimira, mungapange chimvano popanda kukhala katswiri wa mutuwo.

Sitepe 5: Chenjerani ndi Nkhani Zoluluzika

Mafilimu, zithunzi zosinthidwa, ndi mavidiyo otsatirapo ndi ofala kwambiri. Google's "Kukhudza chithunzichi" kapena mautumiki monga Tineye. Onani mametameta a zithunzi pamene zilipo. Mavidiyo, fufuzani malo oyamba ndi kuyerekezera mavidiyo. Ngati kamera ya vidiyo ioneka yochititsa mantha kwambiri kapena yabwino, ingakhale yakonzedwa.

Kupanga Zakudya Zaumwini

Monga momwe simungadye chakudya chosapatsa thanzi chokha, simuyenera kungodya chidziŵitso chosafunika kwenikweni.

Gwiritsirani Ntchito Mofunitsitsa Maziko Anu

Pangani mpambo wa magwero odalirika kaamba ka mitu imene mumaisamalira kwambiri. Phatikizanipo msanganizo wa nkhani za kumaloko, maproject, ndi malingaliro a maiko osiyanasiyana. Magwero alionse, lingalirani: Kodi nchiyani chomwe chiri cholembera chawo cha zowongolera? [[FLT:]] ['imene imachitira chithunzi bwino kwambiri malingaliro ngati otero? [[FLT:]] [[FLT]] Kodi ali ndi malamulo osokoneza maganizo olakwika? [[FT:5]] Kutsatira kusiyanasiyana kwa zokhulupiririka, zokongola kumakupatsani chinsinsi chabwino.

Kudziŵa Zinthu Mwadongosolo

Kuyang'ana nthaŵi zonse wailesi ndi makompyuta kumakupangitsani kukhala m'malo a machenjezo, odera nkhaŵa kwambiri. Mmalomwake, khazikitsani nthaŵi za tsiku zodziŵira nkhani. Gwiritsani ntchito woŵerenga RSSS kapena pepala lolembetsa kuti mupeŵe phokoso la pulogalamu ya wailesi. Zimenezi zimachepetsa kupanikizika kuti muchite zinthu mwamsanga ndipo zimakupatsani nthaŵi yochuluka yopenda zimene mukuona.

Muziyeserera Kuŵerenga Mokweza

Mukakumana ndi kanthu kena kofunika kapena kodabwitsa, werengani nkhaniyo pang’onopang’ono. Nkhani yonse, osati mutu wankhani. Fufuzani umboni, deti la wolembayo, ndi chigawo cha bukulo (mawnals v. lingaliro). Gwiritsani ntchito mayeso a CRAAP kapena njira ya SAFT musanaganizile.

Kuphunzira ndi Kuŵerenga m’Makalasi ndi Panyumba

Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zimenezi kungakuthandizeni kuti muzitha kuchita zinthu mwanzeru komanso kuti muthandize ena kuphunzira.

Kwa Aphunzitsi ndi Makolo

Phunzitsani ophunzira njira ya SIFT yogwiritsira ntchito zitsanzo zenizeni za dziko. Sonyezani iwo mmene angafufuzire magwero a kachilombo kapena nkhani yofala. Alimbikitseni kupanga mndandanda wa nkhani zonyenga ndi kuyesera kuŵerenga kwapambuyo pake. News Literacy Project [1] Project [1] yophunzitsa aphunzitsi. Makolo, kuonera ana ndi kufunsa "Kodi mukudziŵa kuti zimenezi nzoona?

Kwa Olembedwa Ntchito ndi Akatswiri

Kuntchito, nkhani zabodza zingatsogolere ku zosankha zoipa, kuwonongeka kwa chuma, ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbiri. Mabungwe ayenera kulangiza za kupenda nkhani za maindasitale, kufufuza, ndi chidziŵitso. Kulimbikitsa chikhalidwe chimene kufunsa umboni kuli chizindikiro cha kuvuta, osati kusakhulupirira. Pogaŵana chidziŵitso m’timu, nthaŵi zonse phatikizanipo magwero oyambirira ndi kuwona zopereŵera zilizonse.

Msampha Wofala ndi Mmene Mungapewere

Ngakhale ofufuza achidziŵitso angaphonye zinthu zina, ndipo pali mbuna zina zimene tiyenera kusamala nazo.

  • Kudalira magwero amodzi: Palibe magwero alionse omwe ali abwino. Nthaŵi zonse chidziŵitso chochokera ku magwero ambiri, odziimira paokha.
  • Kuvomereza ndi choonadi: Mawu akuti "mawu oyenera" si zoona. Kusintha kwa malingaliro sikuli umboni.
  • Kufuna maluso achinyengo: Zidindo zonga "Dr" zingakhale zosocheretsa. Onani ngati munthuyo alidi ndi luso pa nkhani zokhudza moyo. Katswiri wa sayansi sangakhale wodalirika pa chakudya.
  • Kutsutsa mikangano ya zachuma ya chiwongola dzanja: Zophatikizidwa ndi mafakitale opanga mtengo wotsatirapo (m., kufufuza za shuga wochirikizidwa ndi kampani ya soda) kufunikira kupendedwa mowonjezereka.
  • [[NTHAŴI: 0] Kugwetsa ulesi monga mbiri yowongoka: Malo onga Onion amalembedwa mowonekera kukhala onyansa, koma ena angatsekereza mzera. Ngati nkhani iwoneka kukhala yopanda nzeru kwambiri kuiwona, mwinamwake njosakondweretsa .

Kumaliza

Kuchotsa chidziŵitso ndi ntchito yaikulu, ya moyo wonse. Sizochitika zanthaŵi imodzi koma zizoloŵezi zimene mumagwiritsira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Pamene chidziŵitso chikusintha ndi zojambulajambula zopangidwa, ndi Chingelezi, ndi ma textu opangidwa ndi , ndi ma fraeakes kukhala otsogola kwambiri , maluso anu a kupenda ayenera kukhala osinthasintha. Mfundo za makhalidwe abwino: kuchedwa, kufunsa mafunso, kupenda, ndi kufunafuna mawu a m’munsi. Mwakusintha maluso ameneŵa, mumakhala ndi mphamvu, kudziŵa, ndi kukhala ndi mphamvu. Sudzadzitetezera kokha ku nkhani yapoyera koma ukhozanso kuwonjezera nkhani yapo yapoyera. Nthaŵi yotsatira imene umaona mutu waukulu kapena chikwangwani chodzutsa maganizo, kuima. Kufufuzako kwa mphindi ziŵiri. Kupendako kukhoza kusiyanitsa kwakukulu.