Maziko a Lamulo Lachinayi Losintha Zinthu

Chikalata chachinayi chosintha zinthu ku United States Constitution chimanena kuti: kuyenera kwa anthu kusungidwa mwa anthu awo, nyumba, mapepala, ndi ziyambukiro, pofufuza kosalingalirika ndi kugwidwa ndi njirinjiri, sikudzaswedwa, ndipo sipadzachitidwanso chitsutso, koma pa chifukwa chothekera, chochirikizidwa ndi Oath kapena chitsimikizo, ndipo makamaka kulongosola malo oti akafufuzidwe, ndi anthu kapena zinthu zoti agwidwe. Mawu ameneŵa amapanga chimodzi mwa zitetezero zamphamvu za munthu aliyense ndi ufulu wa munthu aliyense m'malamulo a ku America. Kusintha kwachisanu kunali kuyankha mwachindunji kwa ku kugwiritsa ntchito kwa akuluakulu a boma ndi a ku Britain ofufuza mabizinesi ndi a boma popanda mabizinesi a ku America.

Kumvetsa mmene angagwiritsire ntchito ufulu wachinayi wokhazikitsa malamulo n’kofunika kwa aliyense wokhala kapena kuyendera United States. Zitetezero zimenezi zimagwira ntchito pa kugwirizana ndi malamulo onse, kuphatikizapo apolisi a kumaloko, asilikali a boma, akuluakulu a boma, ndi akuluakulu ena a boma. Kusintha sikumatsimikizira kuti zinthu zonse zachinsinsi zidzakhaladi zachinsinsi koma kumathandiza kuletsa kusalolera kuloŵerera kwa boma. Funso lalikulu m'nkhani iliyonse ya Opangitsa ndilo ngati kufunafuna kapena kulanda kunali koyenera pansi pa mikhalidweyo.

Khoti Lalikulu lamasulira Supreme Commission kuti kufufuza ndi kugwidwa ndi nkhunyu kuyenera kuzikidwa pa chifukwa chothekera ndipo, m’nkhani zambiri, kuvomerezedwa ndi chilolezo. Komabe, Bwalo Lamilandu lazindikiranso zambiri zosiyana ndi zofunika za lamulo, monga kufufuza chochitika cha kumanga, chiphunzitso chomveka, mikhalidwe yosatsutsika, ndi kufufuza kovomereza. Kudziŵa pamene zimenezi zimagwira ntchito ndipo pamene sizili zowopsya kaamba ka kutetezera zoyenera zanu.

Mfundo za Chilamulo za Chitetezo Chachinayi

Zimene Zimafuna Anthu

Siziyeneretso zonse za boma zokhala ngati kufufuza kwa Fourcenter . Khoti Lapamwamba lanena kuti kufunafuna kumachitika pamene boma liloŵerera mwakuthupi ku malo otetezeredwa ndi lamulo (mayeso a magetsi) kapena pamene boma liswa kuyembekezera kwachinsinsi. Munthu amakhala ndi chiyembekezo choyenera chachinsinsi pamene ali ndi chiyembekezo chachinsinsi chimene anthu amachizindikira kukhala choyenera. Muyezo umenewu unakhazikitsidwa mu Katz. United States[FLT:] (1867] ndipo ukupitiriza kutsogolera kulongosola kwa Reformation Yachinayi.

Zitsanzo za malo amene anthu ambiri amayembekezera kukhala okha ndi monga mkati mwa nyumba, phukusi lotsekedwa, zimene zili m’foni ya m’manja (ndi zopinga), ndi sutikesi yotsekedwa. Mabwalo a milandu sayembekezera kuti anthu azikhala okha, zinyalala zimene amataya kunja kwa nyumba, ndiponso kunja kwa galimoto imene anthu amaona panja.

Zimene Zimachititsa Uhule Kusoŵa

Kugwidwa ndi matenda kumachitika ngati munthu wosafuna kuchoka kapena kuthetsa kutsata lamulo. Sikuti kukumana kulikonse kwa apolisi kumangokhala kulanda. Kukumana modzifunira kumene wapolisi amafika ndi kufunsa mafunso popanda kusonyeza kuti ndi waudindo sikungagwidwe. Komabe, pamene mkulu wa asilikali akusonyeza chida, agwiritsa ntchito mawu omveka bwino, masitepe, kapena njira zina zimene akupereka, kugwidwa chifukwa cha zolinga za Odenti.

Kulanda katundu kumachitika ngati munthu akudodometsedwa ndi kusamala katunduyo. Mwachitsanzo, pamene wapolisi atenga chinthu kwa munthu kapena anyamula galimoto, kudwala ndipo nthaŵi zambiri ayenera kuchirikizidwa ndi chochititsa kapena chilolezo.

Lamulo Losafunika Ndiponso Losafunika

Chikalata cha Opaleshoni chachinayi chikufuna kuti afufuze ndi kugwidwa ndi njirinjiri kuti apereke chikalata choperekedwa ndi woweruza chifukwa chomveka. Chikalatacho chiyenera kufotokoza mwapadera malo ofufuzidwa ndi zinthu zimene ziyenera kugwidwa. Komabe, makhoti azindikira kuti pali zinthu zambiri zimene sizikuchitika popanda chilolezo m’mikhalidwe ina.

Nthaŵi zambiri pamakhala kufufuza (pamene munthu akuvomereza modzifunira), kufufuza nkhani ya kumangidwa kololedwa ndi lamulo, kusiyapo galimoto (kumene kuli chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti galimoto ili ndi umboni), mikhalidwe yodziŵika (mikhalidwe yofuna kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga), ndi chiphunzitso choonekeratu (pamene wapolisi aona umboni woonekera bwino kuchokera pa malo ovomerezeka). Kumvetsetsa zimenezi kumasuliza chifukwa chakuti kusiyanitsako kumalongosola pamene lamulo lingachitepo kanthu popanda chilolezo.

Kudziŵa Ufulu Wanu Mkati mwa Kukumana ndi Lamulo

Kukhalabe wodekha ndi waulemu pochita zinthu ndi osungitsa lamulo nkofunika. Ofesala amene amalingalira kuti akuwopsezedwa kapena kunyozedwa angawonjezere mkhalidwewo, kuwonjezera ngozi ya zotulukapo zoipa.

Kudziŵa Ngati Muli Womasuka Kuchoka

Pamene wapolisi afika kwa inu, funso loyamba kufunsa ndi lakuti kaya muli m’ndende. Mungafunse mwachindunji: Kodi ndigwidwa, kapena kodi ndili womasuka kuchoka? Ngati wapolisiyo akunena kuti muli womasuka kuchoka, mungachoke popanda kuyankha mafunso ena. Ngati mkulu wa asilikaliyo akunena kuti muli omangidwa, simuli womasuka kuchoka ndipo muyenera kutsatira malamulo alamulo, koma mukhozabe kukhala ndi ufulu wina uliwonse.

Ngakhale mutaona kuti kumangidwako n’koletsedwa, kugonjera pa nthawi imene akukutsutsani ndi njira yabwino kwambiri.

Kuyenera Kukhala Chete

Kusintha kwachisanu kumateteza ufulu wanu wochita zinthu popanda kunena chilichonse ndi malamulo, kuphatikizapo pamene muima pamsewu kapena pamene mukumana ndi anthu. Simuyenera kuyankha mafunso okhudza kumene mukupita, kumene mukupita, zimene mukuchita, kapena kaya mumamwa. Mutatha kupereka chidziwitso pamene mukufunikira (chitsanzo, pa nthawi yoima kapena m’mayiko amene muli malamulo oletsa), mungalephere kuyankha mafunso ena.

Kutchula kuyenera kwanu kwa kukhala chete, munganene momveka bwino: Ndikugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wanga wakukhala chete. Sindikufuna kuyankha mafunso alionse. Kungokhala chete kungakhale kokwanira ngati khoti litanena kuti kusalankhula kwanu kunali kosamveka. Mawu omveka akuchotsa kumveka kulikonse ndipo akuuza apolisi kuti mwatsimikiza kuti mwanena kuti ufulu wanu wa Olamulira Thupi Lachisanu.

Kuyenera kwa Kukana Kuvomereza Kufunafuna

Ufulu wina wofunika kwambiri pa Msonkhano wachinayi ndiwo ufulu wokana kufunsira. Pokhapo ngati lamulo lili ndi chilolezo kapena chosiyana ndi lamulo loyenera kugwira ntchito, simufunikira kulola kusanthula munthu wanu, galimoto, nyumba, kapena katundu wanu. Komabe, anthu ambiri samvetsa ufulu umenewu ndipo amakakamizidwa kuvomereza pamene mkulu wa asilikali akufuna, "Kodi muganiza kuti ngati ndikufuna ndione?

Kukana, fotokozani bwino lomwe: Sindivomereza kufufuza kulikonse. Ndikutsimikizira ufulu wanga wa Kusintha kwa Chachinayi . Nkofunika kunena zimenezi mokweza, ngakhale ngati mukhulupirira kuti kufufuzako kudzachitikabe. Kukana kwa mawu kumasunga kukhoza kwanu kutsutsa kulembedwa kwa lamulo kwa kufunafunako pambuyo pake m’khoti. Ngati mkulu wa apolisi afufuza, umboni wopezedwa ungaletsedwe ngati woweruzayo anena kuti kufunafunako sikuli kololedwa.

Dziŵani kuti wapolisi safunikira kukudziŵitsani kuti muli ndi ufulu wokana. Mosiyana ndi Miranda , machenjezo amene ayenera kuperekedwa asanafunse mlandu, palibe chofunika kuti apolisi akuuzeni kuti chivomerezo nchaufulu.

Zimene Mungachite Ngati Munamangidwa

Ngati mumangidwa, pitirizani kuchirikiza zoyenera zanu modekha. Musakanize, ngakhale ngati mumakhulupirira kuti kumangidwako n’kosemphana ndi lamulo. Funsani mwamsanga loya: Ndikufuna kulankhula ndi loya. Sindikuyankha mafunso alionse mpaka loya wanga atafika. Mukapempha loya, mafunso onse ayenera kuima mpaka loyayo afika.

Kulankhulana ndi akaidi anzanu pafoni kuchokera kundende kumamveka bwino ndipo kukambirana ndi anthu ena n’kothandiza kwambiri.

Kumvetsa Malamulo Ofufuza ndi Opeputsa

Magalimoto Akuima

Kuimika kayendedwe ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zimene anthu ambiri amachita ndi malamulo. Ofesala akaima angakuuzeni kuti mupereke laisensi ya galimoto, kulembetsa galimoto, ndi inshuwalansi. Muyenera kutsatira mapempho amenewa. Komabe, ofesalayo sangakhale ndi nthawi yopitirira kuti afotokoze chifukwa chimene akulekerapo pokhapokha ngati akukayikira bwino za upandu wowonjezereka.

Ngati wapolisiyo wapempha kuti afufuze galimoto lanu, mukhoza kupempha kuti afufuze koma simunafunikire kuipereka. Ngati wapolisiyo ali ndi chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti pali upandu m’galimoto (monga fungo la chamba kapena chibalo chooneka) angafufuze popanda chilolezo chokhudza galimoto.

Pamene kuima kwa magalimoto, mungafunsenso: " Nchifukwa ninji ndinaimitsidwa? Ofesala ayenera kupereka chifukwa cha kuimika. Ngati chifukwacho chikhala choyambirira kapena chosachirikizidwa ndi kukayikira koyenera, umboni uliwonse wopezedwa ungaletsedwe. Kumbukirani kuti ofesalayo sangakhale ndi yankho lolondola nthaŵi zonse, koma kufunsa funsolo kuyambitsa cholembera.

Kufufuza za Panyumba

Malamulo satha kuloŵa kapena kufunafuna nyumba popanda chilolezo, popanda chilolezo, kapena kulola. Ngati akuluakulu a boma afika pakhomo panu ndi kufunsa kuti afufuze, muli ndi ufulu wokana.

Popenda chikalata, pendani kuti chiphatikizo chiphatikizepo keyala yolondola, dzina la woweruza amene anasaina, ndi malongosoledwe a zinthu zimene ziyenera kugwidwa. Ngati chilolezocho chikuwoneka kukhala cholakwika kapena keyala yake ndi yolakwika, munganene chitsutso chanu: . Ndikhulupirira kuti chilolezo chimenechi nchosathandiza, ndipo sindikuvomereza kuloŵa.

Ngati apolisi aloŵa m'nyumba mwanu popanda chilolezo ndipo popanda chilolezo chanu, ndipo palibe mikhalidwe yosadziŵika, umboni uliwonse umene amapeza ungakhale wotsenderezedwa pansi pa lamulo la la kutsendereza. Lamulo la kupatula ndilo chiphunzitso chopangidwa chimene chimaletsa umboni wopezedwa woswa Lamulo Lachinayi la Kukonza Koletsedwa kusagwiritsiridwa ntchito poyesa.

Kufufuza Zinthu za Pakompyuta

Khoti Lalikulu lazindikira kuti mafoni am'manja amakono ndi makompyuta ali ndi chidziŵitso cha munthu mwini chambiri ndipo chotero amatetezeredwa mwamphamvu ndi Lachinayi Amereka. Mu Riley v. California [1] (2014, Khoti la Katolika linkanena kuti apolisi amafunikira chilolezo chofufuzira zinthu za m'makompyuta a foni ya m'manja imene yagwidwa. Chigamulo chimenechi chimagwira ntchito ku matelefoni, mapalecters, ma cellap, ndi zipangizo zina zamagetsi zonyamulira.

Ngakhale kuti pali chitetezo chimenechi, pali mikhalidwe imene osungitsa lamulo angayese kufufuza chipangizo chanu popanda chilolezo, monga ngati powoloka malire kapena pansi pa mikhalidwe yosadziŵika bwino. Ngati mkulu wa asilikali akupemphani chilolezo chanu chakufufuza foni yanu, mungakanize: . Sindikuvomereza kufunafuna foni yanga. Ndikutsimikizira zoyenera zanga zachisanu ndi zachisanu zowonjezera. Kusintha kwa pepala lachisanu kungatetezerenso ku ku kukakamizidwa kwa foni, ngakhale kuti makhoti akugawa pa nkhani ino.

Kuti muteteze zinthu zimene simukudziwa, muzigwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mawu olemba pa Intaneti ndipo muzigwiritsa ntchito makina otha kutsekera zinthu.

Kufufuza M’malire ndi Malo Opendera

Demendment Yachinayi imagwira ntchito mosiyana pa malire a dziko ndi mabwalo a ndege. Khoti Lapamwamba lazindikira kufunafuna kosiyana kwa malire [[FLT: 0] kumene kumalola kufunafuna kosatsimikizika kwa anthu ndi katundu woloŵa mu United States. Kusinthaku kumafikira ku mabwalo a ndege apadziko lonse, madoko, ndi kudutsa malire a dziko. Kufufuza malire a Reutine sikungafunikire chochititsa chothekera, koma kufunafuna kowonjezereka kochitidwa (monga ngati kufufuza kwa mtseri kapena kusanthula kwa mtsenyulu) kumafunikira chikayikiro choyenera.

Malo ofufuzira a mu United States, monga ngati malo ofufuzira oyendera anthu kapena malo oyendera anthu oloŵa m'dziko, amayang'aniridwanso ndi Opaleshoni Yachinayi. Khoti Lapamwamba lachirikiza malo ofufuzira kusalowerera kwa anthu pamene achitidwa mogwirizana ndi zitsogozo zauchete ndi kuchepetsa kuloŵerera kwa oyendetsa galimoto. Malo ofufuzira angachititse kutsimikizira kuti muli nzika, koma mafunso a bwana ayenera kukhala opereŵera. Pamalo alionse ofufuzira, inu kaŵirikaŵiri mufunikira kuima ndi kupereka chizindikiritso cha oyendetsa galimoto. Koma mungalepherebe kuyankha mafunso oposa pa zimene zikufunika.

Njira Zothandiza Zotetezera Kuyenera Kwanu kwa Kusintha kwa Kachinayi

Kugwirizana kwa Malamulo

Kulemba maunansi ndi osungitsa lamulo kungapereke umboni wofunika kwambiri ngati ufulu wanu waponderezedwa.

Ngati musankha kulemba, chitani zimenezo patali ndipo musatsekereze apolisi. Muuzeni kuti mwalemba ngati kuli koyenera kutero. Sungani foni yanu pamalo omwe ikugwira mawu ndi vidiyo yomveka bwino. Ngati wapolisiyo akulamulani kuti musiye kujambula, munganene mwaulemu kuti mulembe: " Ndikugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zanga zoyambirira za kusintha kuti zilembedwe m'malo a anthu onse. Komabe, tayesani mtengo wopitiriza kulemba nkhani yotsutsana ndi kuopsa kwa kujambula kapena kumangidwa.

Ngati mugwidwa, kumbukirani tsatanetsatane wa kugwirizanako: maina a apolisi ndi manambala a mabeji, manambala a galimoto, nthaŵi ndi malo, ndi mboni zilizonse. Lankhulani chidziŵitso chimenechi ndi loya wanu mwamsanga monga momwe kungathekere. Ngati musunga zivulazo zilizonse, funani chisamaliro cha mankhwala mwamsanga ndi kulemba zivulazozozo ndi zithunzithunzi.

Dziŵani Malire a Kuvomereza

Kufuna kufunafuna kuyenera kukhala [[FLT: 0] modzifunira, kudziŵa, ndi luntha [1]. Ngati wapolisi akupempha kuti mufufuze, mlandu uyenera kutsimikizira kuti chivomerezocho chinaperekedwa mwaufulu ndipo osati mokakamizidwa. Zinthu zimene zimalemera motsutsana ndi mphamvu zambiri zimaphatikizapo mkulu wa asilikali wosonyeza chida, kugwiritsira ntchito chinenero choopseza, kapena kusonyeza mphamvu. Ngati mukuona kuti mukupanikizika, fotokozani momveka bwino kuti simukuchivomereza.

Dziŵani kuti chivomerezo chingathetsedwe panthaŵi iliyonse. Ngati muvomereza poyamba kufufuza koma sinthani maganizo anu, munganene kuti: ndikuchotsa chivomerezo changa. Chonde siyani kufunafuna. Ofesala ayenera kuletsa kufunafunako ngati chivomerezocho chachotsedwa, pokhapo ngati ali ndi ulamuliro walamulo wodziimira kuti apitirize (monga ngati chilolezo kapena choyenera).

Dziŵani Chilamulo M’dziko Lanu

Pamene kuli kwakuti Fiji Yachinayi imapereka malo a chitetezo a boma, maboma amodzi angapereke chitetezo champhamvu kupyolera mwa malamulo awo. Maboma ena amafuna kuti lamulo lipereke chilolezo asanafufuze chipinda kapena pepala la galimoto, ngakhale pamene kutsata galimoto kwa boma kungalole kufunafuna popanda chilolezo. Maboma ena amafuna kuti apolisi adziwitse anthu ufulu wawo wokana kufufuza asanapemphe chilolezo.

Ndi bwinonso kudziŵa malamulo a m’boma lanu. Mabungwe monga American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) ndi maofesi otetezera anthu a m’dera lanu nthaŵi zambiri amapereka chidziŵitso cha zoyenera Zanu monga kampani yakwanu. Mukhozanso kufunsa loya wa apandu wakomweko kuti mumvetsetse kusiyanitsa kwa malamulo a Opaleshoni Yachinayi m’dera lanu.

Zimene Mungachite Ngati Muswa Ufulu Wanu

Ngati mukhulupirira kuti kusungitsa lamulo kwaswa zoyenera zanu za Kukonzanso kwachinayi, tsatirani njira zotsatirazi:

  • . Sungani zojambula, zithunzi, zikalata, ndi umboni wokhudzana ndi chochitikacho. Lembani zimene mukukumbukira zochitika mwamsanga monga deti, nthaŵi, malo, ndi maina a akuluakulu oloŵetsedwamo.
  • Apolisi ambiri ali ndi madipatimenti a m’kati amene amagaŵikana pa nkhani za m’kati zimene zimavomereza kudandaula kwa nzika. Mukhozanso kudandaula ndi bungwe la anthu wamba, ngati wina alipo, kapena ndi ofesi ya loya wamkulu wa boma.
  • Khonsa loya. Ngati mlandu wa upandu waperekedwa kwa inu, loya wanu angapange njira yotsendereza umboni wopezedwa woswa Lamulo Lachinayi. Ngati umboni uponderezedwa, apolisi angakakamizidwe kutaya zinenezo. Ngati munapimidwa kufunafuna kapena kugwidwa popanda kuimbidwa mlandu, mungakhale ndi zifukwa zozengezera ufulu wa anthu pansi pa 42 U.S.C. 1983.
  • Funani chithandizo cha chitaganya. Mabungwe onga ACLU ndi National Lawers Guild amapereka ziŵiya zalamulo ndipo angapereke chizindikiro m'nkhani zophatikizapo kusamvera kwa apolisi.

Luso ndi Kusintha kwa Kachinayi

Kufufuza ndi Kulemba Zinthu za Malo

Khoti Lalikulu lanena kuti kulumikiza chipangizo cha GPS chofufuzira galimoto ndi kuyang'anira kayendedwe kake kuli ngati kufufuza pansi pa Demendment yachinayi. Mu United States v. Jones (202]), Khoti linagamula kuti kuika kwa boma chipangizo cha GPS pa galimoto yokayikiridwa popanda chilolezo choswa lamulo. Khoti linagwiritsira ntchito mayeso, kupeza kuti kuloŵerera kwa thupi pa galimotolo kunali kufunafuna.

Komabe, kukhoza kwa boma kupeza malo kwa mbali zitatu, monga ngati malo operekera mafoni a m'manja, kumalamulidwa ndi malamulo osiyana. Pansi pa chiphunzitso chachitatu chigawo chimodzi , chidziŵitso chogawiridwa modzifunira ndi gulu lachitatu sichingatetezedwe ndi Demendment Yachinayi. Khoti Lapamwamba lachepetsa chiphunzitso chimenechi m’zaka zaposachedwapa, lokhala ndi Carmeter v. United States (20.8) kuti boma limafunikira chilolezo cha kupeza malo a mbiri yakale osungiramo chidziŵitso kuchokera ku malo a utumiki. Chigamumo chambiri ya chidziŵitso chachinsinsi cha chipinda chachitatu chokhudzana ndi chiphunzitso chokha.

Umboni Wosonyeza Kuti Kuli Zinthu Zosiyanasiyana

Kuonetsetsa kuti malamulo akutsatiridwa kwambiri ndi manyuzipepala, mameseji, ndi mautumiki osungira mapepala. Kuteteza kwachinayi kokhudza mfundo imeneyi kumadalira ngati wowagwiritsa ntchitoyo akuyembekeza kukhala yekha. Mauthenga achinsinsi ndi maakaunti oteteza dzina la Mulungu amatetezedwa kwambiri kuposa mapepala a anthu kapena zinthu zimene anthu ambiri amalankhula.

Ngati lamulo la lamulo lifunsa foni ndi Intaneti mwachindunji, kampaniyo ingakuuzeni musanagwirizane, kukupatsani mpata wotsutsa pempholo m’khoti. Komabe, makampani safunikira nthaŵi zonse kupereka chidziŵitso, ndipo ena angagwirizane ndi mafunsiro a boma popanda kudziŵitsa ogwiritsira ntchito. Mukhoza kuchepetsa ngozi zimenezi mwa kugwiritsira ntchito kulembedwa kopesha komaliza kwa desitole pamene mulipo ndi kulingalira mosamala zimene mukugawana pa intaneti.

Zimene Anaphunzira Ndiponso Zimene Anaphunzira

Maprogramu oyang’anira boma, kuphatikizapo aja ochitidwa ndi NSA ndi mabungwe ena a boma, amadzutsa mafunso ovuta kwambiri okhudza Owonjezera a Fourne. Maintelligence Surveillance Act (FULT ) ndi USA PATRIOTT ALEMERA UNICEF kusonkhanitsa njira zolankhulirana ndi zamagetsi, kaŵirikaŵiri popanda zilolezo zaumwini. Pamene maprogramu ameneŵa ali oyang'anira ndi kulembedwanso, ziyambukiro zawo pa nkhani yachinsinsi yopitirizabe ndi yonena za pulogalamu.

Kuti muteteze zinthu zanu zachinsinsi, ganizirani za kutumiza mauthenga obisika monga Signal kapena Whassapp, chiŵalo chachinsinsi (VPN) kubisa keyala yanu ya IP, ndi kutsimikizira maakaunti anu. Ngakhale kuti njira zimenezi sizingaletse kuti boma lisamaone, zimakweza mtengo ndi khama limene boma likufuna kuti liyang’anire ntchito zanu.

Kudziŵa za Maselo Okhala ndi Maselo ndi Umbeta

Kugwiritsira ntchito chidziŵitso cha biometric, kuphatikizapo zidindo za minwe, kuyang’ana nkhope, ndi kupima DNA, kumabutsa nkhaŵa zazikulu za Kusintha kwa Four Apper. Khoti Lapamwamba lanena kuti kupereka chitsanzo cha DNA kwa munthu womangidwa chifukwa cha upandu waukulu sikumaswa Lamulo Lachinayi, koma kusonkhanitsa DNA kuti iloŵetsedwe m’thekitale kumafuna chilolezo kapena chifukwa chothekera. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa luso la kuzindikira nkhope ndi malamulo kuli koyenera kulongosola miyezo yalamulo, ndi ziletso zina zoletsa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake.

Ngati lamulo likufuna kudziŵa za mphamvu ya kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka zinthu, muli ndi ufulu wofunsa loya musanapereke.

Ndalama Zowonjezereka ndi Chichirikizo Chalamulo

Kuteteza ufulu wanu wokhazikitsa malamulo pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wachinayi kumafuna kudziwa zinthu, kukhala maso, ndi kupeza zinthu zovomerezeka m’malamulo.

  • [[FLT: 0] American Liberties Union (ACLU)[FLT :1] #811; ACLU imapereka chidziŵitso chochuluka cha zotsogoza Zanu Zaufulu zophimba mayanjano a apolisi, kufufuza, ndi chinsinsi cha makompyuta. Ulendo www.aclu.org / salks-orble-option kaamba ka chidziŵitso chatsatanetsatane.
  • Electronic Foundation (EFF) [1] & FLT:1] #821; EFF imangolankhula zachinsinsi pa foni ndi mawu aulere, kuphatikizapo nkhani za Nachinayi za Demendulo zogwirizana ndi luso la zopangapanga ndi kuyang'anira. Chuma chawo chimapezeka pa www.eff.org/issues/ages-make-ople-oct .
  • Cornell Legal Information Institute (LII) . #811; LII imapereka kusanthula kokwanira kwa lamulo la Kukonzanso Koyamba, kuphatikizapo zosankha zazikulu za Bwalo Lalikulu ndi matanthauzo a projekiti. Fika pa www.creak.corell.edu/wex/forth_amandement .
  • Malamulo adziko Guild (NLG) . #811; NLG imapereka chichilikizo chalamulo kwa ochirikiza ndi anthu oyang'anira polisi ndi anthu amene akuyang'anizana ndi kusamvera kwa polisi, kuphatikizapo Kuswa Kwachinayi Kopwirikiti. Pezani mutu wa NLG kupyola pa www.nlg.org[FL:3]
  • maofesi otetezera anthu a kumaloko #821; Otetezera Opatulidwa ali ozoloŵera nkhani za Kukonzanso kwa Kane ndipo angakuuzeni ngati mwapatsidwa mlandu. Ngati simungathe kupeza uphungu waumwini, pemphani kuikidwa kwa wotetezera wapoyera.

Tsogolo la Kukonzanso Komwe Kudzatetezedwa

Chisinthiko chachinayi chikupitirizabe pamene luso la zopangapanga likupita patsogolo ndi mitundu yatsopano ya kuyang'anira. Khoti Lapamwamba lasonyeza kufunitsitsa kusintha malamulo a Kane Amendment ku mikhalidwe yamakono, monga momwe kuwonekera m'nkhani zonga Riley [1] ndi Kampate [1]. Komabe, kusintha kwa luso la zopangapanga kumaposa liŵiro la kupanga chigamulo cha chiweruzo, kusiya mipata m'lamulo.

Malamulo pa milingo ya boma ndi boma angawonjezereko chitetezo cha Four Amendment . Act [FLT] Expronic Communitions Infish spect (ECPA) ndi Act [Kuteteza kwa chinsinsi] kungapereke chitetezo cha makompyuta kwa njira zamagetsi, pamene malamulo a boma angafunikire kukhazikitsa zilolezo za kusecha kapena kuika ziletso pa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa luso la ofufuza. Kusamala zinthu zachinsinsi ndi kuzindikira anthu nkofunika kutsimikizira kuti chitetezo chachinsinsi chiyenderane ndi zochitika zamakono.

Nzika zimene zimamvetsetsa ndi kuchirikiza zoyenera zawo za Kusintha kwachinayi sizimangodzitetezera zokha komanso zimathandiza kutetezera munthu aliyense.

Khalani odziŵitsidwa za kusintha kwa malamulo, gwirizanani m’makambitsirano a anthu ponena za za malo achinsinsi ndi apolisi, ndi kuchirikiza magulu amene amatetezera ufulu wa anthu. M’zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu, Lamulo Lowonjezera silili chisungiko cha moyo chimene chimafuna pangano laubwenzi lokangalika kwa anthu amene limagwira ntchito. Pamene nzika zichirikiza zoyenera zawo mwaulemu ndi mwachidziŵitso, zimalimbitsa dongosolo la malamulo limene limatitetezera ife tonse.