Chisankho cha osankhidwa ndicho chitseko cha demokrase yoimira oimira, kusintha chifuniro cha anthu kukhala ulamuliro. Ndi dongosolo locholoŵana, lokhala ndi zinthu zambiri limene limatsimikizira nzika kukhala ndi mawu apadera a amene amatsogolera anthu ndi mmene malamulo a anthu amalinganizidwira. Pamene kuli kwakuti mameno enieni amasiyana ndi dziko ndi mphamvu, mfundo zapamwamba, kuonekera, ndi chisungiko, . Kuzindikira mbali iliyonse ya kachitidweka, kuyambira pa sitepi yoyambirira kufikira pa chikalata chomaliza cha zotulukapo, nkofunika kuti mukhale ndi phande latanthauzo. Pamene muponya pepala, simunangolemba pepala; mukuthandizira kugamula mogwirizana kumene kumayambukira moyo wa mudzi wanu ndi dziko lanu. Nkhaniyi imapereka kupenda kwa njira yovomerezeka, njira iliyonse yofotokozera kukhulupirika kwanu.

Kulemba: Njira Yoyamba Yopita ku Bokosi la Ballot

Kulembetsa kampani ya Voter ndi njira yamwambo imene nzika zimalembetsa kukhala zoyenerera kuvota. Zimatumikira monga woyang'anira chipata, kutsimikizira kuti anthu oyeneretsedwa okha ndiwo atenga nawo mbali m'chosankha. Pamene kuli kwakuti zofunika zenizeni zimasiyana padziko lonse, cholinga chachikulu ndicho kusungabe zolondola ndi zamakono zimene zimaletsa chinyengo ndi kutsimikizira kuti masankho achipambano ayendetse.

Chifukwa Chake Kulembetsa M’kaundula

Kulembetsa sikongosintha chabe, koma ndi chitetezo chofunika kwambiri chimene chimakwaniritsa zolinga zingapo:

  • Kutsimikizira kwa kuwona [1]: Kulembetsa kumalola akuluakulu a chisankho kutsimikizira kuti munthu afika msinkhu, malo okhala, ndi zifuno za unzika.
  • Prevention: Mndandanda wotsimikizika umachepetsa upandu wa kuvota kobwerezabwereza kapena mavoti opotozedwa ndi anthu osayeneretsedwa.
  • Resource Altation : Kudziŵa kuti ndi ovota angati m'bwalo lililonse kumathandiza akuluakulu a boma kuika malo oonera, makina, ndi antchito mwachipambano.
  • Kuvota kwa kampani yofufuza [1]: Ovota olembetsedwa angalandire mapepala oyesera, zosinthira malo ofufuza, ndi zikalata za masankho ofunika.

Njira Zolembera ndi Malamulo Opanda Ntchito

Mayiko amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zolembera. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito kulembetsa kodzisankhira (AVR), kumene anthu oyenerera amalembetsedwa pamene akugwira ntchito ndi mabungwe a boma monga DMV kapena mautumiki a zachikhalidwe. Ena amadalira kulembetsa mwaufulu, kwa nzika. Njira zofala zimaphatikizapo:

Maboma ena amafuna kuti munthu alembetse chisankho patatsala masiku 30 kuti chisankho chichitike.

Kusankha: Njira ya ku Ballot

Wovota atakonza, mbali yotsatira imakhala yosankhidwa. Njira imeneyi imasonyeza kuti ndi anthu ati amene adzaonekera pa chisankho monga oimira zipani za ndale kapena odziimira okha. Njira yosankha ingakhale yopikisana kwambiri ndi kuumba osankha.

Kusankha Koyambirira ndi Kugwiritsira Ntchito Mabuku

M'maiko ambiri, zipani za ndale zadziko zimagwiritsira ntchito chisankho chachikulu kapena zosankha opita ku maofesala alamulo. Choyambirira ndicho chisankho cholunjika kumene ziŵalo za chipani zisankha kukakhala ndi chilolezo chawo chokonda. Kumeneko, caucus, kuli msonkhano wa kumaloko kumene opanga nawo nkhani ndi kuvota, kaŵirikaŵiri mwa kukweza manja kapena kuima m'magulu. Njira ziŵirizo zimalinganizidwira kukhazikitsa chichirikizo cha udzu ndi kuyambitsa munthu mmodzi wosankha chisankho.

Malamulo amasiyana ndi chipani ndi boma. Zina za ziprimite “ziikidwa,” kutanthauza kuti ndi ziŵalo zokha za chipani cholembetsedwa zimene zingavote. Zina “zimatsegulidwa,” zimalola anthu ena kapena ngakhale ziwalo za chiŵalo china kuchita nawo. Kusiyana kumeneku kungakhudze kwambiri zimene oyembekezera kulowa patsogolo.

Misonkhano Yachigawo ndi Misonkhano Yochititsa Chidwi

Mabungwe ena andale, makamaka zipani zazing'ono, amagwiritsira ntchito misonkhano kumene nthumwi zimasonkhana kuvomereza ofunsira mwalamulo. Misonkhano yachigawo yadziko mu United States iri zochitika zazikulu zimene zimakhutiritsa zotulukapo zazikulu, kuvomereza chigawo, ndi kukulitsa mphamvu ya pulogalamu ya chisankho. M'madongosolo ena, monga ngati mademokrase a nyumba ya malamulo, utsogoleri wa gulu ungasankhidwe mwa kuvota mamembala kapena kutumiza misonkhano.

Kudziimira paokha ndi Kuyenda Pambali kwa Gawo lachitatu

Ofuna kulembedwa amene sagwirizana ndi chipani chachikulu cha ndale zadziko kaŵirikaŵiri angapeze chisankho mwa kulembetsa fomu ndi chiŵerengero chofunikira cha osainitsa kwa ovota olembetsedwa. Njira imeneyi ingakhale yowopsa, popeza kuti mageti a siginenti kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala aakulu ndipo akakhala ndi malamulo otsimikizirika. Ofuna kusankhidwa okha amapereka zosankha zina kwa ovota koma ayenera kugonjetsa zopinga zolinganizidwa kuchepetsa kuloŵa kwa ofunsira.

Kampeni ya Chisankho: Kufikira M’bwalo la Chisankho

Kulimbana ndi nyengo yapamwamba pamene oyembekezera alankhula malo awo ochezera, oukira, ndi osonkhanitsa ochirikiza. Ndi kuphatikiza machenjera, kutumiza mauthenga, ndi kulinganiza udzu. Ndende zamakono zimadalira pa msanganizo wa ziŵiya zamwambo ndi za magetsi kuti zikope ovota osalimba ndi kulimbitsa malo.

Mkupiti Waukulu

  • Memorationwited Message : Kampeni zimagwiritsira ntchito kusanthula ndi chidziŵitso ku mauthenga opangidwa amene amamveka ndi magulu ena a anthu. Wosankha angagogomezetse lamulo la zachuma m'tauni yopanga ndi kutetezera malo okhala m'chigawo cha gombe.
  • Grasroots Mollibration : Kugogoda khomo, kutumiza foni, ndi kutumiza mauthenga ndizo njira zotsimikiziridwa zopitira ochirikiza. Odzipereka ndiwo maziko a zoyesayesa zimenezi, ndipo ndawala zachipambano zimawononga kwambiri ntchito yolinganiza.
  • [[FLT: 0] Kulengeza kwa Digital : Mapulatifomu a manyuzipepala monga Facebook, Instagram, ndi Inu Tube amalola kusankhidwa mwachindunji kwa ovota pa msinkhu, malo, zikondwerero, ndipo ngakhale khalidwe lakale losankha. Komabe, makampani a wailesi amayang'anizananso ndi mavuto okhudza nkhani zabodza ndi kuonekera kwa pulogalamu.
  • [[FLT: 0] Madeti ndi Zochitika za Anthu onse [1]: Kutsutsana kwa patelefoni kumapereka mpata kwa osankha kuyerekezera oyembekezera kumbali imodzi pa nkhani zazikulu. Nyumba za tauni ndi misonkhano imapereka mayanjano aumwini ambiri ndi kupanga kuulutsa nkhani.

Ndalama Zoyendetsera Ntchito ndi Kukonzanso

Ndalama zimachita mbali yaikulu m'masankho. Kampeni zimawononga ndalama zambiri pa kusatsatsa, antchito, maulendo, ndi chidziŵitso. Mayiko ambiri amaika malamulo opereka ndipo amafuna kuti operekawo adziwike kuti atetezere ziphuphu kapena chisonkhezero chosayenerera. Ku United States, Federal Evolution Commission (FC [1] ) yoyang'anira malamulo a zandalama, pamene kuli kwakuti magulu akunja odziŵika monga ma PC angawonjezere ndalama zosaŵerengeka malinga ngati sagwirizana mwachindunji ndi ofunsira. Kumvetsa kutuluka kwa ndalama kumathandiza kutsimikizira kutsutsana kwa chiwongola.

Kufuula: Chikalata cha Core cha Democracy

Njira zimene anthu amavotera zinasintha kwambiri, n’cholinga choti mawu awo azikhala osavuta kuwagwiritsa ntchito, azikhala otetezeka, ndiponso kuti azitha kugwira bwino ntchito.

Kupanga Mabuku pa Tsiku la Chisankho

Malo opatsirapo amatseguka pa Tsiku la Chisankho kwa maola angapo. Mavota amapimidwa motsutsana ndi ndandanda ya kulembetsa, kupatsidwa voti, ndi kuponya chosankha chawo . Mwa kujambula pepala lokhala ndi pepala, kugwiritsira ntchito makina othandizira kugwiritsa ntchito, kapena kukoka chiwiya, malinga ndi mlingo wa . Mapepala amapereka mbiri yakuthupi imene ingaŵerengedwe pambuyo pake, mbali yaikulu ya chitetezo.

Ntchito Yotumiza Alendo Pakali Posachedwa ndi Yosaloledwa

Kuti alandire ndandanda yotanganitsidwa ndi kuchepetsa mizera pa Tsiku la Chisankho, maulamuliro ambiri amapereka kuvota koyamba masabata asanafike deti lalamulo. Kuvota kwa abree, kumatchedwanso kuvota posi, kulola ovota kulandira chilolezo ndi makalata, kudzaza nawo panyumba, ndi kutumiza ndi makalata kapena kutaya bokosi. Kuwonjezeka kwa makalata ovota pa nthaŵi ya mliri wa CHOVAD kunasonyeza phindu lake, komanso kunakwezanso nkhaŵa za kusaina ndi kuteteza. Madongosolo amakono osakhalapo amagwiritsa ntchito zikalata, zikalata zogwirizana, ndi zotsazira kutsimikizira umphumphu.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Intaneti

Maiko ena ayesapo kuyesa intaneti kapena makina ovotera. Mwachitsanzo, Estonia, imalola nzika zake kuvota pa Intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito khadi la manambala lotetezeka. Pamene kuli kwakuti, kuvota kwa pa Intaneti kumayambitsa ngozi zazikulu za pa Intaneti, kuphatikizapo kuphwanya, kugwiritsa ntchito mabomba, ndi kukakamiza ovota. Akatswiri ambiri a masankho amavomereza kuti mavoti a pepala akhale muyezo wa golidi chifukwa chakuti akhoza kutsimikiziridwa ndi kufotokozedwa. [FLT: 0] Brenan Center ya Justice ili ndi chuma chachikulu pa dongosolo lopanga mavota.

Kuchuluka ndi Kuyendayenda

Kuwerenga kumeneku kuyenera kukhala kolondola, kooneka bwino, ndiponso kotheka kupenda kuti anthu akhalebe ndi chidaliro pa zotsatirapo zake.

Njira Zoŵerengera

Mavitamini amaŵerengedwa m’njira imodzi mwa njira ziŵirizi:

  • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  • Makina a Scan [1] Opecal : Mavoteri amalemba mapepala amene amaikidwa m'makina ojambula mapepala amene amaŵerenga zizindikiro ndi mafiti onse. Makinawa amapanga njira yapepala imene ingapimidwe ngati zotsatira zake zayandikira kapena zapikisana.
  • Makina ojambula Electronic (DRE) : Makina otsegulira zinthu amene amasunga mavoti pakompyuta. Pamene kuli kwakuti, asulizidwa chifukwa chosoŵa njira yochitira pepala. Maboma ambiri tsopano amafuna DRES kutulutsa cholembera cha mapepala.

Mashedi ndi Nkhani

Kutsimikizira kuti ndi yolondola, maulamuliro ambiri amayendetsa mapendedwe a pambuyo pa chisankho, kumene ziŵerengero zosadziŵika za mapepala zikuyerekezedwa ndi mapepala onse. Ngati pali kutsutsana kokwanira, mungapereke ndandanda yonse. Malongosoledwe amayambitsidwanso mwachibadwa ngati mlingo wa chipambano uli waung'ono kwambiri (kaŵirikaŵiri wochepera pa 0.5% kapena 1%). Njira zimenezi nzofunika kwambiri kuti mudziŵe zolakwa kapena kulephera.

Zotulukapo za Kulengeza ndi Chikalata

Kulengeza zotsatira za chisankho sikuchitika nthaŵi yomweyo ndipo kumaphatikizapo njira zosiyanasiyana zotsimikizira kuŵerengera ndi kuthetsa mikangano iliyonse isanaikidwe chikalata chomaliza.

Zimene Maboma Amachita Posonyeza Kuulutsa Nkhani

Mabungwe a nyuzi kaŵirikaŵiri “amaitana " asanaŵerenge mavoti onse asanaŵerengedwe mwa kupenda mavoti otulukira kunja ndi kubwerera msanga. Komabe, zonena zimenezi sizili zovomerezeka. Zotsatira za boma zimachokera ku mabungwe a chisankho, zimene zikupitirizabe kuŵerengera kuphonya, zopereka, ndi mavoti a kutsidya lina lakunja kwa masiku ambiri pambuyo pa Tsiku la Chisankho. Nkofunika kuti anthu amvetsetse kuti mavoti ayambidwe pamene mavoti ambiri asinthidwa.

Kusintha

Ulamuliro uliwonse umagwirizanitsa zotulukapo zake ku ulamuliro wapakati . Wonga ngati boma kapena bungwe la chisankho chachigawo (panopo chimaika chiwonkhetso chomaliza, chovomerezeka mwalamulo. Zotulukapo zovomerezedwa zimayambitsa kusintha kwa ulamuliro: osankhidwa asankhidwa, ndipo atsogoleri omasuka amalumbira kukhazikitsa mtendere. M'madongosolo a pulezidenti monga United States, Electoral College imavomereza mavoti ake mu December, ndipo Congress imapereka mavoti a voti mu January. [FLT: 0] National Archives [FLD:1]

Kuthetsa Mikangano ndi Mavuto

Ngati wosankhayo akhulupirira kuti chisankhocho chinaipitsidwa ndi chinyengo kapena kulakwa, angalembe chitokoso cha lamulo. Makhoti angapende umboni ndipo angapereke malangizo, kupendanso, kapena ngakhale masankho atsopano. Kukhulupirika kwa achiweruzo n’kovuta pano; makhoti aumwini achirikiza lamulo ndi kuletsa zinenezo zosatsimikizirika kuti zisatulukire zotsatirapo zotsimikizirika. Milandu yapamwamba yaposachedwapa ku United States ndi kwina kulikonse yayesa njira zimenezi, zikumagogomezera kufunika kwa malamulo okhwima.

Njira Zogwirira Ntchito: Mmene Maute amatembenuzira Mawu a Mulungu ku Mapiko

Njira yosinthira mavoti kukhala mipando yalamulo kapena malo audindo amasiyanasiyana mokulira ndi mozama kuimira anthu.

Kuyamba-Past-the Post (FPTP)

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito mu U.S., UK, Canada, ndi India, FPP imatanthauza wosankha kukhala ndi mavoti ochuluka m'kupata kwa chigawo . Ngakhale ngati salandira ambiri. Dongosolo limeneli limatulutsa madongosolo okhazikika a magawo aŵiri koma likhoza kusiya osankha ambiri akudzimva osachirikizidwa ngati chipani chawo chataika nthaŵi zonse.

Kuimira kwa Malamulo (PR)

M'madongosolo a PR, maphwando amaloŵa m'mipando mogwirizana ndi mavoti onse. Zimenezi zimatsimikizira kuti zipani zazing'ono ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana zikuimiridwa, koma zingatsogolere ku maboma ogwirizana ndi kupanga zosankha zochedwa. Mayiko onga Germany, New Zealand, ndi South Africa amagwiritsira ntchito ma PR osiyanasiyana.

Ranked-Choice Voing (RCV)

Ndiponso wodziŵika monga wovota wamwamsanga, RCV imalola ovota kugamula oyembekezera kuti adzisankhira. Ngati palibe wosankha amene alandira voti yoyamba ya chikole, wosankhidwa womalizira amachotsedwa, ndipo mavoti awo amasamutsidwira ku chinthu china. Njira imeneyi imabwereza kufikira wopambana atuluka. RCV imalimbikitsa kuchirikiza ndi kutsimikizira kuti wopambanayo ali ndi chichirikizo chachikulu. mizinda yambiri ya U.S., kuphatikizapo San Francisco ndi New York, imagwiritsira ntchito RCV pa masankhoti akwanu akwa.

Mavuto Amene Anthu Amakumana Nawo Masiku Ano Posintha Zinthu

Pa nkhani ya kupezeka kwa munthu wovota, kukhala wotetezeka, ndiponso kuchita zinthu mwachilungamo, palibe njira iliyonse yochitira zinthu mwachilungamo.

  • Kutsendereza kwachivoti [1]: Malamulo amene amakupangitsa kukhala kovuta kuvota, monga ngati zifuno za ID zokhwima, kuchotsa mipukutu yovota, ndi kuchepetsa kuvota, kuyambukira mopambanitsa kagulu kochepa, kangapopedwe, ndi achichepere ovota.
  • Gerrymaning [[FLT: 1]: Kukhazikitsa malire a chigawo kuti athandize chipani chimodzi. Independent Redificition commissions ikufuna kupanga zigawo zoyera zimene zimasonyeza zigawo.
  • MISformation : Zonena zonama ponena za masankho zimafooketsa chidaliro. Mabungwe ofufuza zinthu ndi malamulo a pulatifomu amayesa kuthetsa nthano, koma vutolo likupitirizabe.
  • Kuopsa kwa kusokonezeka kwa masankho [[FL:1]: kuloŵerera kwa maiko akunja, kuukira kwa makampani opanga mavoti, ndi ndawala zotsutsa chidziŵitso zimafuna kudikira kosalekeza kwa akuluakulu a masankho ndi kusungitsa lamulo.

Kuyesa kusintha kumasumika pa kupanga masankho odzipatula ndi otetezereka. Kulembetsa kwadzidzidzi kwa wovota, kufutukula koyamba, kupenda kodziimira, ndi kuŵerengera mapepala kokakamiza kuli pakati pa malingaliro ochirikizidwa kwambiri. Pew Research Center [1] mobwerezabwereza imafalitsa chidziŵitso ponena za makhalidwe a wovota ndi umphumphu wa wosankha.

Zimene Mungachite Kuti Muziyenda Bwino

Kudziŵa ndi chinthu choyamba, koma kuchitapo kanthu nkofunika.

  1. Muzilembetsa nthawi imene mwatsala kuti mulembetse kalatayo, ndipo ngati mutasintha dzina lanu, muzilembanso kapepala ka kulembera kalatayo.
  2. Phunzirani za anthu amene akufuna kubatizidwawo ndiponso nkhani zina.
  3. Dziwireni malo ndi maola amene mukufuna kuvota.
  4. Kulimbikitsa ena kuchita nawo kafukufuku, kumangonena za kufunika kwa kuvota, kupempha anthu kuti adzipereke kuti athandize ena.

Mchitidwe uliwonse wa chisankho, mamiliyoni a ovota amagwiritsira ntchito kuyenera kwawo kwakukulu. Mwakumvetsetsa makina ocholoŵana kumbuyo kwa kachitidwe kopepuka kameneko . Kuchokera ku kulembetsa kupita ku zikalata zachizindikiro . Iwe sukhala wosankha wodziŵa yekha. Njira ya sankho siima ndekha; imasintha ndi chitaganya. Upangano wanu umatsimikizira kuti upitirizabe kutumikira anthu mokhutiritsa ndi mosakondera.