Chiyambi: Mphamvu ya Boma Yotsogolera

M’dziko lonselo, nkhani zachipambano za boma sizimabadwa kaŵirikaŵiri m’maholo a boma kapena m’malikole a Washington D.C., iwo amatuluka m’chigamulo cha atsogoleri a chitaganya omwe amawona mavuto m’madera awo ndi kukana kuyembekezera wina kuti awathetse. Anthu ameneŵa — kaya akhale osankhidwa ndi akuluakulu a boma, otsogolera osakhala a phindu, madipatimenti auphunzitsi, kapena anthu okhala m’dziko osonkhezeredwa — akuchita monga mgwirizano wovuta pakati pa mabungwe a boma ndi anthu amene amatumikira. Mwakumvetsetsa zosoŵa za kumaloko, kusonkhanitsa chuma, ndi kugwirizanitsa ndi mabungwe a anthu, iwo amapanga kupita patsogolo kowona mtima kwakuti moyo umawonjezetsa mgwirizano, kuumirira mapangano a boma, ndi kubwezeretsa chikhulupiriro chawo m’zolowezi.

Nkhani ino ikufotokoza nkhani zingapo zolimbikitsa za chipambano za boma zotsogozedwa ndi atsogoleri a chitaganya ku United States. Nkhani iliyonse imasonyeza mmene anthu odzipereka angasinthire kwambiri pamene aphatikiza mphamvu za udzu ndi kugwirizana kwapadera. Malinga ndi lipoti la National League of Cities [, utsogoleri wothandiza wa chitaganya ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu kwambiri za maboma achipambano a m'dzikolo. Pansipa, timafufuza ntchito zimene atsogoleri ameneŵa amachita, mavuto amene amagonjetsa, ndi njira zimene amapanga ntchito yawo kukhala yopindulitsa.

Kumvetsa Udindo wa Atsogoleri a M’boma

Atsogoleri a boma amayendetsa zinthu pa misewu ya anthu komanso pa udindo wa boma. Nthawi zambiri sasankhidwa ndi akuluakulu a boma. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kutumiza mawu a anthu okhala m’deralo, kuuzana zolinga zawo, ndi kuyendetsa zinthu pamodzi. Atsogoleri a anthu ogwira mtima kwambiri amadziwa bwino za mphamvu za dzikolo ndiponso amatha kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta a anthu a m’deralo.

Kaŵirikaŵiri maudindo aakulu amaphatikizapo:

  • Kugwirizana ndi nkhani za kumaloko [[FL:1] — kuyambira pa mabowo ndi kukonza paki kufikira kusintha kwa malo ndi ndalama za sukulu.
  • Chuma cha chitaganya chopimira chonga ntchito yongodzipereka, zomangira zopereka, ndi chichirikizo cha mabizinesi.
  • Kugwirizana pakati pa osungitsa ndalama — kusonkhanitsa nzika, magulu osapanga phindu, makampani aumwini, ndi mabungwe a boma.
  • Kukhazikitsa pangano la boma mwa kuwonjezera wovota, kukhazikitsa nyumba za tauni, ndi kupanga madongosolo a boma kukhala ofikirika.

Ntchito zimenezi n’zofunika kwambiri makamaka m'midzi yosafunika kwenikweni imene boma lingakhalebe ndi njira yothandizira pa zosowa zonse. Kuphunzira kuchokera ku [[FLT: 0] Urban Institute [1] Kupeza kuti madera okhala ndi atsogoleri okangalika ndi 40% a kuthekera kwa kusungitsa ndalama za anthu kaamba ka ntchito zowongolera. Mwa kutumikira monga mamedia, zimathandizanso kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kugwirizanitsa zinthu zofunika.

Nkhani za Anthu Opambana M’madera Ena M’dzikolo

Nkhani yotsatirayi ikusonyeza mmene atsogoleri a boma achitira zinthu zovuta kwambiri, monga kusatetezeka kwa chakudya, maphunziro ndiponso kugwiritsa ntchito manambala.

Ganga la Mtundu: Loti Akhale Mlimi

M’tauni yodzaza ndi anthu ku Midwand, anthu a m'derali anavutika kwa nthawi yaitali kuti apeze zokolola zatsopano. Malo opanda kanthu pakona ya Oak ndi Third Street adakhala ochititsa chidwi ndi magneti otaya zinthu zosakhala zalamulo. Pamene munthu wanthaŵi yaitali wokhala m’tauni Maria Gonzalez — mphunzitsi wopuma pantchito ndiponso wogwirizana ndi anthu a m’deralo — anaganiza zochitapo kanthu, sanayembekezere kuti mzinda uloŵe. Analinganiza kufufuza anthu okhala m’deralo kuti aone ngati ali ndi chidwi m’munda wakwawo.

Ndi chichirikizo choyamba kuchokera ku ndalama zochepera za kumaloko za $5,000 kuchokera ku Sucreation Fund ya mzinda wa Courcedore), Gonzalez ndi gulu lake anachotsa malowo, kuyalabedi oikidwa, ndi kukhazikitsa dongosolo la zopereka za madzi a mvula. Mundawo mwamsanga unakula kuchokera kwa woyendetsa ndege wamng'ono kufika pamalo a chitetezo cha chakudya chokwanira. Lerolino, malowo amaphatikizapo khichini yophunzitsa, malo osungirako zinthu, ndi msika wa alimi wa mlungu ndi mlungu umene umalandira mapindu a SNAP. Zipamba zake zazikulu zikuphatikizapo:

  • Kugulitsa ndiwo zamasamba zoposa makilogalamu 3,000 pachaka kwa mabanja opeza ndalama zochepa.
  • Kupanga “malo obiriŵira” amene madzi a mkuntho anatsika ndi 20 peresenti m’mbali zozungulira.
  • Mashopu osungiramo zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zomangamanga, ndi zosungira mbewu — anafikira nzika zoposa 500 chaka chilichonse.

[[FLT :0] Maphunziro anaphunzira: Kuyamba kwa ntchitoyo kunapambana chifukwa Gonzalez analola mbewu yaing'ono kupatsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri zofanana kuchokera ku pulogalamu ya Community Development Grant ya boma. Mwa kumanga gulu la anthu ongodzipereka, mabizinesi a m'deralo, ndi maofesi a maofesi a mizinda, iye anasintha ntchito ya mphindi zochepa kukhala chuma chachikhalire. Munda wa munda tsopano ukutumikira monga chitsanzo chofanana ndi madera ena oyang'anizana ndi zipululu za chakudya.

2. Kuthandiza Anthu Kukhala Otetezeka Potsatira Malonda ndi Malamulo a Anthu

Mu mzinda wina wapakati ku Southeast, upandu wa katundu wochuluka unasiya nzika zikudera nkhaŵa ndi kudzimva zopatulidwa ndi lamulo. Mtsogoleri wa polisi James Carter, wopuma pantchito wapolisi wokhala ndi zaka 25 zautumiki, anazindikira kuti ntchito yapamwamba yaupolisi yamwambo sikunathetse vutolo yekha. Anayambitsanso programu ya wotchi ya m’deralo yomwe inagogomezera kukulitsa kukhulupirika ndi kugawana thayo.

Carter ankagwira ntchito limodzi ndi dipatimenti ya apolisi mumzindawu kuti apange mpambo wa mwezi ndi mwezi wa “Coffee ndi Cop". Nakhazikitsa mtengo wa foni ndi gulu la anthu a pa Intaneti kuti agwirizane ndi zinthu zenizeni. Anakonzanso magawo ophunzitsa mmene angasiyanitsire ntchito zokayikira ndi khalidwe losavulaza, ndi mmene angachitire lipoti zinthu . Zotuluka pambuyo pa miyezi 18:

  • M’dera limene anthu ankamenyera anthu, katundu wake anatsika ndi 15 peresenti.
  • Kukhutira ndi kulabadira kwa apolisi kunawonjezeka kuchokera pa 52% kufika pa 78% (zolembedwa za m’tauni).
  • Oyendetsa mabogi atatu atsopano analembedwa, akumafutukula programuyo ku makwalala oyandikana nawo.

Maphunziro anaphunzira: Mfungulo inali kudalirika kwa Carter monga kale wapolisi ndi kukhoza kwake kukonzanso programu ya wotchi monga chigwirizano mmalo mwa chiŵiya choyang'anira. Analandiranso ndalama kuchokera ku maziko a kumaloko kuti apereke ziwiya ndi madresi a odzifunira. Bungwe la mzindalo linagaŵira ndalama zotengera chitsanzocho m'madera ena aŵiri apamwamba.

3. Maphunziro ndi Mphamvu za Achinyamata: Programu Yapambuyo pa Kuphunzira

Kudera lina lakumidzi ku Pacific Northwest, ophunzira ambiri a sukulu yasekondale anali kulephera kumaliza maphunziro awo ndipo analibe mwayi wochita zinthu zolemeretsa. Mtsogoleri wa bungwe la anthu onse Angela Reyes, mayi wosakwatiwa ndiponso mwini wa bizinesi waung’ono, anaona mwana wake akuvutika ndipo anaganiza zopanga njira ina. Ankagwira nawo ntchito m’chigawo cha sukulu chakumaloko, Dipatimenti ya achinyamata a m’chigawo cha Pacific, ndi koleji ya m'deralo kuti ayambitse “Mpatali” pambuyo pa programu ya sukulu.

Programu imachita masana atatu pamlungu ndipo imaphatikizapo kuphunzitsa masamu ndi Chingelezi, limodzinso ndi ma shantiofere pa kulemba ndi kulembanso, ndi kulankhula kwapoyera. Olemba ntchito amalembedwa ku makoleji akwawo, akatswiri opuma pantchito, ndi eni mabizinesi. Programuyi imagogomezera maunansi aatali: wophunzira aliyense amaikidwa pamodzi ndi mphunzitsi wa chaka chonse cha sukulu. Zotulukapo zake zokhoza kutayika zimaphatikizapo:

  • Ophunzirawo anawonjezera GPA yawo kuchokera pa 2.4 kufika pa ma semester oposa aŵiri.
  • Omaliza maphunziro a sukulu ya sekondale anafika 92%, poyerekezera ndi 74% ya chigawo chonse.
  • Ophunzira khumi a programuyo anapitiriza kupeza maphunziro pa koleji ya kumaloko.

[[FLT: 0] Maphunziro anaphunzira: Kupambana kwa Reyes kunachokera ku kuyesayesa kwake kosalekeza kwa othekera, kuphatikizapo mabizinesi akumeneko omwe anapereka zofunda ndi zopereka, ndi chigawo cha sukulu chimene chinapereka malo a kalasi popanda mtengo. Anaphunzitsanso alangizi m'machitidwe ochititsa kusokonezeka maganizo, kutsimikizira kuti achichepere a risk anadzimva kukhala otetezereka ndi ochirikiridwa. Bolo la oyang’anira a m'dzikolo linaphatikiza chitsanzocho m'kakonzedwe kake kaunyamata kalamulo kaunyamata.

4. Kufutukula Kachipangizo Kofutukuka m’Malo a Kumidzi

M’tauni yaing'ono m'chigawo cha Appalachian, kusoŵa kwa intaneti yapamwamba kunali kuletsa kupita patsogolo kwa zachuma, maphunziro, ndi chisamaliro cha zaumoyo. Injiniya wa desiki ndiponso chiŵalo cha bungwe la tauni Tom Harrison anayambitsa kuyesayesa kwa chitaganya kupanga ndandanda ya mapulogalamu a fiber . Iye analinganiza mpambo wa misonkhano ya holo za tauni kuti afotokoze mapindu ndi mtengo, ndipo anapanga kugwirizana kosapanga phindu kuti apemphere boma ndi zopereka chilo.

Pambuyo pa zaka ziŵiri za kukonzekera ndi kukonza makampani, bungweli linalandira $2.8 miliyoni ku programu ya USDA’s Resolution , komanso ndalama zofanana kuchokera ku boma. Pulojekiti yoikidwa ya makilomita oposa 30, kugaŵira makompyuta otsika a pa Intaneti kwa mabanja 1,200 ndi mabizinesi 50.

  • Maulendo a patelehealth m’deralo anawonjezereka ndi 300% m’miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira ya kugwira ntchito.
  • Makampani atsopano aŵiri ogwira ntchito zakutali anatsegula maofesi m’tauniyo, ndipo anapeza ntchito 40.
  • Ophunzira anapeza njira zodalirika zophunzitsira pa Intaneti, aphunzitsi akusimba kuti ntchito ya kusukulu yatha anaipeza bwino kwambiri.

[[FLT: 0] Maphunziro anaphunzira: Kachitidwe ka Harrison kaukatswiri wophatikiza ndi umisiri wandale ndi savvy . Iye anapanga mgwirizano wapadera ndi boma la boma, limene linathandizira kupanga injiniya, ndipo anagwiritsira ntchito zolankhulira za anthu kuti adziŵitse anthu pambali iliyonse. Chitsanzo chogwirizanacho chinatsimikizira kuti opanga a kampaniyo akhalabe ndi okhoza kugula.

Kuchira ndi Kubwereranso M’malo mu Mzinda wa M’mphepete mwa Nyanja

Mkuntho wosakaza utakantha chigawo cha kugombe ku Gulf, mtsogoleri wa malo a pafupi ndi mzindawo Sarah Chang anaoneka kukhala wolinganiza wamkulu. Nyumba yake inawonongeka, koma mwamsanga anayamba kulinganiza ntchito yothandiza anthu okalamba. Anayamba kugwirizanitsa ntchito zaufulu ndi anthu okalamba amene anafunikira thandizo kuchotsa zinyalala, ndi kusonkhezera mzinda kukhazikitsa malo operekera katundu. Pambuyo pake anasintha ntchito yopanga komiti yothandiza kukhazikitsa chitaganya.

Bungwelo linapanga makonzedwe a tsoka okonzekera kulinganiza zosoŵa za chitaganya, kuphatikizapo gulu la kulankhulana ndi batri, gulu la odzipereka oyamba ndi maphunziro a zamankhwala, ndi chigwirizano ndi matauni apafupi. Zotulukapo pambuyo pa chaka chimodzi:

  • Avareji ya nthaŵi ya kuchitapo kanthu pa zinthu zamwadzidzidzi zamtsogolo inatsika kuchoka pa maola 4 kufika pa mphindi 45.
  • Wotengamo mbali m’zoyeseza zamwadzidzidzi anawonjezereka kuŵirikiza nthaŵi khumi.
  • Bungwelo linathandiza mzindawo kupeza ndalama zokwana madola 1.2 miliyoni za FEMA kuti zisamawonongedwe.

Maphunziro anaphunzira : Utsogoleri wa Chang unapambana chifukwa chakuti iye anapitirizabe kuyang'ana pa kulimba kwa nthaŵi yaitali mmalo mwa kulinganiza kwaifupi. Ankagwira ntchito pafupi ndi ofesi ya kayendetsedwe ka zinthu zamwadzidzidzi mumzindawo ndi kulemba njira iliyonse kuti chitsanzocho chitsatiridwe m’mawilo ena. Nkhani yake inatchulidwa mu FEMA wofufuza za tsoka pa mizu ya udzu yokonzekera tsoka.

Mavuto Amene Amachitika Nthawi Zonse ndi Atsogoleri a M’derali

Ngakhale kuti pali zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zimene zatchulidwa pamwambapa, atsogoleri a m’madera osiyanasiyana amakumana ndi mavuto aakulu chifukwa amadziwa kuti anthu amene akufuna kupambana pa zinthu zimenezi ndi ofunika kwambiri.

  • Kulephera kwa ndalama ndi chuma: Zochita zambiri zimayamba popanda bajeti. Atsogoleri ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito maola osaŵerengeka osalipidwa ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri amadalira pa ndalama zochepa kapena zosungidwa zaumwini.
  • Kutsutsa kwa boma lakwanuko kapena osungitsa: Unduna wa Unistrative intentia, zinthu zofunika zopikisana, kapena chitsutso cha ndale zadziko chingaletse ngakhale ntchito zolonjeza.
  • Kusonkhanitsa ziŵalo za chitaganya: mphwayi, kupsa ndi ntchito, ndi mandandanda otsutsana amakupangitsa kukhala kovuta kuchirikiza pangano laufulu m’kupita kwa nthaŵi.
  • Kugwiritsira ntchito mathayo ambiri: atsogoleri ambiri a mudzi amakhala ndi ntchito, kusamalira mabanja, ndi kusamalira mathayo aumwini pamene akutsogolera ntchito.
  • Thoko ndi kusoŵeka kwa zochirikiza za bungwe: popanda mapulani owonekera bwino, kuchoka kwa mtsogoleri wamkulu kungatsegule zaka za ntchito.

Zopinga zimenezi sizingatheke, koma pamafunika kukonza dala — ndipo nthaŵi zambiri pamafunika kusintha mmene mabungwe aboma amagwirira ntchito pamodzi ndi anthu ongodzipereka a m’deralo.

Malamulo Osonyeza Kuti Atsogoleri a M’chitaganya Apambana

Kuchokera ku nkhani za chipambano zimene zili pamwambapa ndi kufufuza kozama, njira zotsatirazi zingathandize atsogoleri a m’chitaganya kugonjetsa zopinga ndi kukhala ndi chiyambukiro chosatha.

  • Mangani maunansi olimba ndi akuluakulu a boma a m'dziko kuchiyambi kwa nthaŵi. Kupezeka pa misonkhano ya m'mizinda, kudzidziŵikitsa kwa akulu a madipatimenti, ndi kufunsa uphungu. Mayanjano ameneŵa amapatsa chichirikizo cha mtsogolo pamene mufuna chilolezo, ndalama, kapena zivomerezo.
  • Kupanga maso oonekera bwino ndi zolinga zokhoza kuchitika. Malingaliro sakopa ndalama kapena antchito odzifunira. Lembani ntchito ya pepala limodzi mwachidule ndi zinthu zimene mufuna (m', , “kuchotsapo kusatetezeka kwa chakudya ndi 10% m'zaka ziŵiri”.
  • Chidziŵikitsani kuti wailesi ndi manyuzipepala a m'dera lanu ndi zoulutsira nkhani za kumaloko zithandiza anthu kuzindikira. Gulu la Facebook kapena tsamba lapakhomo angapeze antchito odzifunira, kuwasintha, ndi kukondwerera. Manyuzipepala ndi mawailesi a m'deralo nthawi zambiri amatchula njira zimene anthu angafune ngati mutawafikira mokakamiza.
  • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  • Funani maphunziro ndi chichirikizo cha kumanga luso. Mabungwe onga [[FT:2] Antchito za ku America [[FLT: 3] ndi machaputala a United Way akupereka ma shopu aulere pa kuyang'anira kwa phindu, kupatsa, ndi kuyang'anira mapu.
  • Tsalani ntchito yanu ndi kuuzana nkhani yanu. Lembani “mmene mungayendere" potengera zimene mwakumana nazo, kapena perekani zotsatira zanu pamsonkhano wa mzinda. Zimenezi sizimangolimbikitsa chipambano chanu komanso zimalimbikitsa ena kuchitapo kanthu.

Kumaliza: Kuwonjezera Chiyambukiro cha Atsogoleri a M’chitaganya

Nkhani zachipambano za boma zosonyezedwa pano zimagwirizana: chimodzi ndi chimodzi chinayambitsidwa ndi mtsogoleri wa chitaganya amene anakhulupirira kuti nzika wamba zingapange zotulukapo za anthu. Kuyambira minda ya m’malo opanda kanthu kufikira mipando ya nkhosi m’mapiri, maprojekiti ameneŵa amasonyeza kuti utsogoleri wa kumaloko — wokhala ndi mgwirizano wadongosolo — ukhoza kubweretsa zotulukapo zofanana ndi programu iliyonse yapamwamba.

Ngati mudzi wanu uli ndi vuto loyembekezera kulithetsa, nthaŵi yabwino kuyamba ndi kukambirana ndi mnansi, kupita ku msonkhano wa m’tauni, kapena ntchito yaing’ono yoyendetsa ndege. Nkhani ya chipambano chanu ingakhale yolimbikitsa kwa mtsogoleri wina wa tauni.

Kaamba ka chitsogozo chowonjezereka cha mmene angayambire, fufuzani zinthu kuchokera ku Civic Accement Center kapena Towns , zimene zimapereka ziŵiya zothandiza kaamba ka kutsitsimula kwa udzu.