Ku United States, maboma atulukira kukhala ofufuza kwambiri za kuchuluka kwa anthu a mitundu ina ndi mwayi wopitira patsogolo kwa anthu ochepa ndi ocheperapo. Pamene kuli kwakuti malamulo a boma amakhazikitsa njira zazikulu, kaŵirikaŵiri kuli pamlingo wa boma kumene maprogramu opanga zigaŵenga amalongosola mwachindunji kusiyanitsa kwa mbiri yakale, kuwongolera kupezeka kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri, ndi kuchirikiza kuwonjezeka kwa chuma. Kuyambira ku California, kudalira kulimba kwa kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya anthu kukafika ku makampani a New York, kumasonyeza kuyamikira kowonjezereka kwakuti kusintha kwatanthauzo kumafuna, nkhaniyi. Nkhaniyi ikufufuza zolinga zazikulu za boma la [1], ikugogomezera maprogramumboni ochititsa chidwi, ndi kupenda mavuto aakulu, ndi kuona mipata imene ingayendetse ngakhale mphamvu yaikulu.

Zonulirapo Zazikulu za Boma

Maboma a anthu ochepa ndi osalandira ndalama zambiri amalondola zolinga zitatu: kuwonjezera mwayi wa maphunziro ndi ntchito, kuwongolera thanzi, ndi kulimbikitsa mphamvu za chuma. Zolinga zimenezi sizikusoŵeka; zimalimbitsana. Mwachitsanzo, mwayi wa maphunziro wochuluka umachititsa ntchito zapamwamba zopereka ndalama zokwanira pa 76, zimene zimawonjezera kukhazikika kwa thanzi ndi ndalama. Maprogramu a boma kaŵirikaŵiri amatengera njira yopezera ndalama zimene zimalingalira zotsatirapo za kudalirana kwa zopinga za dongosolo la zinthu m'dziko kuzungulira malo ambiri.

Maphunziro ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito zikugwiritsidwabe ntchito. Mayiko ambiri amathandizira maprogramu a maphunziro, malangizi, ndi maphunziro a ntchito amene makamaka amalimbana ndi anthu akuda Black, Ino, Latino, ndi magulu ena opatuka m'mbiri. Zoyesayesa zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti pakhalebe mipata yosatha m'masukulu apamwamba, kulembetsa, ndi kupita patsogolo pantchito. Maluso a zathanzi, posachedwa, cholinga cha kuchepetsa kusiyana kwa matenda aakulu, imfa za amayi, ndi kutha kusamalira kumene anthu ayang'ono ndi zaka zambiri. Maprogramu a za kutukuka ya zachuma, kuphatikizapo malonda, kupereka ndalama, ndi kuyendetsa zinthu, zimathandiza kuseŵera kwa anthu ochepa amene ali ndi makampani amene ali ndi makampani awo omwe alipo ambiri.

Zitsanzo za Maprogramu a Boma

Zitsanzo zotsatirazi zikusonyeza njira zimene anthu a m’mayiko ochepa amatsatira pothandiza anthu ochepa ndiponso amene ali ndi anthu ochepa.

Kusunga Malonda Kwautundu kwa California

California wadziika kukhala wotsogolera wa dziko m'mapangano aufuko. California Black Free Fund (CFF]), kuyesayesa kwa $100 miliyoni, kupatsa mabungwe a udzu othandiza kuthetsa tsankho la ufuko m'madera monga nyumba, maphunziro, ntchito, ndi chisamaliro cha zaumoyo. Anayambitsa m'ma 2021, CFFS zotsogozedwa ndi Black California ndi awo amene akutumikira anthu ambiri a m'dzikolo. Pansipo, programuyo imapereka ndalama zokwanira 76 kutsimikizira kuti malo akwane. California yakhazikitsanso Ofesi ya ku Eyquic, imene imagwirizanitsa mabungwe a bungwe la CFF kuzungulira ndi mabungwe a za boma a kuzungulira.

Dongosolo la Malonda ndi Akazi ku New York

Programu ya New York ya New York [[FLT: 0] . Programu yokhazikitsa mabizinesi amene ali ndi makampani 51%, ochitidwa, ndi olamuliridwa ndi gulu laling'ono kapena akazi. Makampani otchuka amapeza njira zopezera mwaŵi, zopereka, chithandizo cha zomangamanga, ndi zochitika za ma intaneti. Boma limakhazikitsa zolinga za chaka ndi chaka 30% za mapangano a MWES . Kuyang'anira makampani onse. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, New York yapanganso njira yoperekera chithandizo cha chuma chimene chimawonjezera ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zothandizira ku MWBCECID.

Kuyamba Kusamalira Thanzi la Texas

Texas yapanga maprogramu ofuna kuthetsa kusiyana kwa thanzi pakati pa anthu ake osiyanasiyana. Texts Health and Human Service Commission (HHSC) imayendetsa Office of Health Equity yomwe imakhudza kuchepetsa malo aufuko ndi a mafuko. Zochita zofunika zimaphatikizapo maprogramu a zaumoyo a Community Health Work Works, amene amaphunzitsa antchito apamudziwo kuyanjana ndi anthu osungidwa ndi chitetezo, ndi Maternal Health and Safety Initivetice, zimene zikufuna kuchepetsa chiŵerengero chachikulu cha imfa za boma pakati pa amayi a Black . Atenanso mabungwe ogwirizana ndi mabungwe a bungwe la Commus , zopereka chithandizo chaumoyo, ndi ntchito zaumoyo m’madera akumidzi akumidzi akumamidzi.

Ubwino wa Chuma ndi Kupita Patsogolo kwa Ntchito ku Illinois

Illinois yagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ntchito zachuma ndi antchito m'maprogramu a anthu ochepa. Illinois Works Prepreappraicedship Program imapereka maphunziro ndi ndalama zolipiridwa kwa magulu oimira pa ntchito zomanga. Programu ya makoleji a anthu, maukwati, ndi mabungwe omanga nyumba zokonzekeretsa anthu kuti adzakhale ndi ntchito zazitali. Kuwonjezerapo, Illinois anayambitsa Community Reinvestment Fund, imene imakhazikitsa chuma cha m'maprojekiti okonza a madera ozungulira, mabizinesi aang'ono, ndi nyumba zokhoza kumanga nyumba m'madera a kumbuyokusintha kwa mafuko. Kuyesayesa kumeneku kuli mbali za malamulo a a a a gulu la apolisi, okonzanso ufulu wosankha zinthu, ndi maphunziro.

Umphaŵi wa Michigan ndi Mphamvu Yantchito Yosakondera

Kugwirizana kwa Michigan kumaphatikizamo data à reliven ndi kuikirana ufulu wa anthu. Michigan Poverty ndi Equity Task Force, yopangidwa ndi Bwanamkubwa Gretchen Whitmer mu 2019, imasonkhanitsa atsogoleri a boma, oimira a phindu, ndi nzika zokhala ndi moyo waumphaŵi. Gulu lankhondo likupereka malipoti a chaka ndi chaka amene amalemba zikwangwani monga kuchuluka kwa ndalama, kusoŵa ndalama, ndi kusatetezeka kwa chakudya kwa magulu osiyanasiyana a mafuko ndi mafuko. Michigan wayambitsa kuikizira ndalama, kuphatikizapo programu ya oyendetsa ndege mamiliyoni 100,000 yopereka chisamaliro cha ana olembedwa ndi Ofesi atsopano a ntchito ndi Oyang'anira ntchito amene amathandiza mabizinesi kusinthitsa malonda kwa zaka 69 zopangapanga mafilimu.

Mbali Zina Zosumika Maganizo

Kuwonjezera pa maprogramu a mitu yankhani, anthu a boma amafutukula zolinga zazikulu zitatu, maboma ambiri amachita zoyesayesa zapadera m’maphunziro, kupita patsogolo kwa malonda, thanzi, nyumba, ndi chiweruzo chaupandu.

Maphunziro Okwanira

Mayiko atengera njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera malo amene anapambanira maphunziro. College Bound Scholarship ya Washington imapereka ophunzira oyenerera olandira ndalama otsika ndi lonjezo la chithandizo cha ndalama ngati akumana ndi mafaelo ena a maphunziro, ndipo mbali yowonjezereka ya olandira imachokera ku makwalala ang'onoang'ono. Maryland imawonjezera ndalama pa 76puil pa 76py ya madera apamwamba okwerako, kufutukula maprogramu a ntchito ya prebitergarten a aphunzitsi a maonekedwe. Massachusetts akuthamanga Bridge ku Programme progalamu ya projective , programup, alangizi, ndi maphunziro a zamaphunziro apadera kwa ophunzira a Black ndi Latin. Mayi ambiri achotsa kapena kuchepetsa kwa ophunzira masewera apamwamba kuti apange a m'maseŵero a m'mawonekero apamwamba kwambiri.

Mphamvu Zachuma ndi Chichirikizo cha Mabizinesi

Kukula kwa malonda aang'ono kukupitirizabe kukhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Kuwonjezera pa pulogalamu ya MWB ku New York, pali mapulogalamu onga Georgia, Ohio, ndi Pennsylvania omwe akugwira ntchito yotsimikizira ndi yothandiza. Ambiri tsopano akugwiritsa ntchito zikalata zamalonda zochepa ku mamaofesi a nkhani za anthu ochepa. California ndi Illinois ayambitsa “kulephera pa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopezera zinthu ". Malamulo amene amakondera kukhazikitsa makampani ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu. Mayiko ena, kuphatikizapo Colorado ndi New Mexico, akuyesa kuyendetsa ndege zachuma zimene zimafuna mabanja otsika opeza ndalama ndipo asonyezedwa kuwongolera kukhazikika kwa ndalama pakati pa mabanja a anthu ochepa. Ena amapanga maluso a antchito monga njira yopezera chuma cha mbadwo m’mibadwo m’maoneke.

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Malo a zaumoyo awonjezeka kuposa mmene amachitira ndi kasamaliro kakale. Maboma akuthandiza anthu a zaumoyo, zipatala za m'magalimoto, ndi zinenero. Magulu a Ogwirizana ndi Oregon Othandiza Osamalira Thanzi (CCOS) adasinthana mwakuthupi, khalidwe, ndi thanzi la mano kwa Medicaid, ndi cholinga cha kuchepetsa kusiyana kwa mafuko. “Hally Hawaii Hawaii" imagwiritsira ntchito njira yothetsera zaumoyo wa anthu kuti apereketse nyumba, chakudya, ndi ntchito monga zinthu zaumoyo. Mayiko angapo ayambitsanso makomiti openda imfa a amayi omwe makamaka amapenda kusiyanitsa mitundu ndi kulimbikitsa masinthidwe a ku Babbedia, kulangiza kopatsira, ndi kukonzanso kowonjezera maluso a mafuko ndi kukonza za mayanjano a mafuko.

Kupita Patsogolo kwa Nyumba ndi Chitukuko cha Anthu

Nyumba ndi malo ovuta kwambiri kumene kachitidwe ka boma kangachepetsere kuimirira kwanthaŵi yaitali. Washington, D.C., , ndi maboma angapo akhazikitsa kutetezera kwa ufulu wa otsala kumene kumathandiza kuletsa kusamuka kwa anthu ochepa okhalamo. California Fair Howarence ndi Community Development Department Department imachita maprogramu amene amapereka chithandizo cha ndalama zokwanira pa K66 ndi chithandizo chalamulo kwa mabanja omwe angataye nyumba zawo. Massachusetts ndi New Jersey athandiza kwambiri kukwaniritsa madera a anthu a ku Black ndi Latino amene amasungabe nyumba zawo kukhala zongokwanira ndi kukhala ndi anthu. Bungwe la American Rereater Plan Plan Act (ARPA) linasonkhezera maboma ambiri kuti aperekere ndalama zothandizira pa chithandizo cha ndalama zolipirira ndalama zolipirira ndalama, nyumba zothanga, ndi mautumiki otetezera kuthaŵa ntchito, kulanditsa makampani opindulitsa kwambiri a ku Blansi.

Chilungamo Chaupandu Chisintha

Chilungamo cha fuko chasonkhezera maboma ambiri kusintha madongosolo awo a chiweruzo chaupandu. Illinois anakhala boma loyamba kuchotsa ndalama zoperekera ndalama, kachitidwe kamene kaŵirikaŵiri kanachititsa umphaŵi ndi kuimbidwa mlandu wa Akuda ndi Aspanya. Oregon, Colorado, ndi Nevada apanga maprogramu oletsa chamba omwe amachotsa zopinga za ntchito ndi nyumba za anthu okhala ndi zigamulo zotsika za pa KGeneave Cannabis. Maboma ambiri apanganso makomiti oyang'anira apolisi, olamulidwa ndi bungwe la bungwe la Klamma, ndi lokhala ndi kamera wa a matenda amaganizo monga njira ina yothandizira apolisi m'mikhalidwe yopanda chiwawa. Kusintha kumeneku kuchepetsa zigamu za Glavia ndi kudalirana chikalata cha lamulo ndi kudalirana.

Mavuto ndi Mwayi

Ngakhale anthu amene amafunitsitsa kuchita zinthu zina, amakumana ndi mavuto aakulu chifukwa chomvetsa mavuto amenewa.

Kupeza Zosoŵa za Ndale ndi Chifuno Chandale

Malamulo a boma amakhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa zachuma, ndipo maprogramu a kulinganiza zinthu kaŵirikaŵiri amadalira pa ndalama zotsala kapena ndalama za boma. Pambuyo pa kulephera kwa ntchito, maprogramu ameneŵa angachepetsedwe ngakhale pamene kuli kofunika kwambiri. Kudzipereka kwa ndale kumafuna kusungitsa ndalama zoyendetsera mitsinje; kusintha m'makonzedwe kapena malamulo kungachititse kusokonezeka kwa maprogramu. Kuyendera limodzi kwa boma kumatanthauzanso kuti nzika za boma limodzi zikhale ndi chichirikizo chosiyana kwambiri ndi nzika zina, kupitirizabe kwa malo okhalako.

Zopinga ndi Zopinga

Mabungwe opangidwa ndi makampani monga makampani opatula nyumba, misika ya antchito yosiyana, ndi madongosolo a maphunziro amene adakali opatuka kwambiri . Mwachitsanzo, programu ya maphunziro ingawonjezere kupezeka kwa koleji, koma ngati ophunzira a mitundu yosiyanasiyana adakali ndi vuto la kusoŵa nyumba, zipululu, ndi kusoŵa kwa maphunziro, kuchepa kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito, kuchepa kwa malo ogwirira ntchito. Kupatula mipata kumachitikanso pamene maprogramu sauzidwa mokwanira kwa anthu amene akufuna kutumikira. Ngati mabanja abwino sadziwa ntchito yothandiza anthu, kugawanako kumakhala kochepa. Chikhalidwe chimapikisano pakati pa antchito, chinenero, kudalirana ndi kudalirana ndi kudalirana n’kofunika kwambiri potsekera magawo ameneŵa.

Mwayi Wopanga Ntchito Yaluso ndi Kukonzanso Zinthu

Ngakhale kuti pali mavuto, mayiko ali ndi mipata yofunika kwambiri yofulumizitsa kupita patsogolo. Opanga malamulo amalola osiyanitsa zinthu ndi zinthu zachindunji kumene akufunika kwambiri. Mayiko ambiri tsopano akugwiritsa ntchito mabolobolo aufuko kuti aone zotsatirapo za mabungwe panthaŵi yeniyeni. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la National Generals Association la bungwe la United Nations la agests Association kulinganiza bwino kapena Boma la Health Equality Institute . Maboma ambiri akugwiritsa ntchito mabooti a mitundu yonse yofanana ndi kuchepetsa wilo. Zipangizo zamakono zingachitenso ntchito: pa Intaneti: mapulogalamu osavuta kuthandizira, mafoni a pa zaumoyo wa anthu, ndi makompyuta otsegulira zinthu amene boma limapanga kutsimikizira kuti afike pa anthu ambiri amene akufunika kwambiri.

Njira zatsopano zothandizira anthu kupeza ndalama, monga maaunti a mayanjano ndi kulipira mafashoni, zingakope likulu la boma kaamba ka maprogramu a kulinganiza zinthu zosonkhezera ndi zotsatirapo zake. Mofananamo, kugwirizana ndi mabungwe ozikidwa pa chitaganya, magulu a chikhulupiriro, ndi mabizinesi a kumaloko kungakulitse kuyandikira ndi kudalirika kwa zoyesayesa za boma. Mwinamwake, makamaka, mwachangu, kuphatikizapo anthu a anthu ochepa ndi opezekapo m’makonzedwewo, kulinganiza, ndi kupenda maprogramu ameneŵa kumathandiza kuti azikhala oyenerera ndi ovomerezadi zinthu zofunikadi.

Njira Yake: Kukwaniritsa Zokhulupirika ndi Kulimbikitsa

Madipatimenti a boma apanga kale kuwongolera kwatanthauzo m'kuchirikiza anthu ochepa ndi osakhala ndi malo okwanira, koma palibe malo osoŵa. Zoyesayesa zogwira mtima kwambiri ndizo zimene zaperekedwa kotheratu, kuyang'aniridwa kosalekeza, ndi zogwirizana ndi zogwirizana ndi chitsimikizo ndi chidziŵitso. Kupita patsogolo, maboma ayenera kulingalira kulinganiza malamulo onse aakulu, osati kokha m'maprogramu a kuima. “kulinganiza kopambana" kukuyesedwa ndi California ndi Washington . Mapangano amene amagaŵa ndalama, kusintha kwa mautumiki, ndi mautumiki olunjika onse amalingalira za ziyambukiro zokhoza kusokoneza.

Sitepe lina lofunika kwambiri ndi kumanga njira zoŵerengera mlandu zazitali. Mabungwe oyendera kampani, malipoti a stecording , ndi mabungwe a chitaganya angasunge mabungwe a boma pa njira ndi kulabadira. Maboma ayeneranso kuikizira kumanga mabungwe a udzu amene kaŵirikaŵiri amanyamula kwambiri m'madera osungidwa koma osadalirana. Pomalizira pake, mgwirizano wa boma wa extation udzakhala wofunika. Mabungwe otsatirawa a boma ndi kuyendetsa malo a madera ozungulira dziko ndi kuyendetsa nyengo, mwachitsanzo, ayenera kugwirizanitsidwa ndi malamulo a boma amene amatsimikizira ntchito ndi mapindu amene amatsimikizira kuti anthu osapezeka ndi kumbuyoku.

Pomalizira pake, kupambana kwa madipatimenti a boma ochirikiza anthu ochepa ndi ocheperapo kumadalira pa kudzipereka kwa boma kwachikhalire. Pamene maboma aphatikiza zolinga zotsimikizirika, maprogramu ogwirizana, zipangizo zokwanira, ndi kugwirizana kwenikweni kwa anthu, angapange mtsogolo molingana kwambiri . Imene zopinga za dongosolo zimapatsa mpata, kusiyana kwa thanzi, ndi kugawana kwa chuma kumakula. Msewu wamtsogolo umafuna, koma kupita patsogolo kumapatsa kale maziko amphamvu oyambirapo kumangapo.