Australia wakhala akutsogolera chigawo cha dzikolo polimbikitsa mtendere, ufulu wa anthu, ndi kutukuka kodalirika ku Asia ndi ku Pacific. Pa zaka makumi aŵiri zapitazi, ufulu wa akazi wakhala maziko a malamulo achilendo a Australia, kutsimikizira kuti kulingana kwa amuna ndi akazi si chinthu chofunika chabe koma kuti kukhale kofunika kwambiri pa zachuma komanso kuti pakhale chitukuko, mtendere, ndi chitetezo. Mwa maprogramu othandizira anthu ovutika, njira zoyendera zaubwenzi, ndi mgwirizano wambiri, Australia imagwira ntchito kuchepetsa chiwawa chozikidwa pa kugonana, kupititsa patsogolo kwa akazi pa zachuma, ndi kukweza utsogoleri wa zandale wa akazi kumadera osiyanasiyana. Nkhaniyi ikupendanso chisinthiko cha zinthu, maprogramungwe otchuka, ndi mavuto opitirizabe a kuchirikiza ufulu wa akazi a ku Australia ku Asia ndi ku Pacific.

Kusintha kwa Lamulo la Kumayiko Akunja la ku Australia

Kugwirizana kwa Australia ndi ufulu wa akazi kunja kwakula kwambiri kuyambira kuma 2000. Kulandira kwapadera kwa bungwe la United Nations Security Council 1325 pa Akazi, Mtendere ndi Security mu 2000 kunawonjezera chikalata cha Australia cha kugwirizanitsa malingaliro a amuna ndi akazi ku malamulo ake akunja. Mu 2011, boma la Australia linayambitsa njira yake yoyamba [[FLT: 0] National Action Plan on Akazi, Peace and Security , kusonyeza njira yolinganizidwira kutsimikizira kuti akazi azichita nawo nkhondo, kukhazikitsa mtendere, ndi kumanganso nyumba zothandizira.

Kusintha kwa kulinganiza kwa kulingana kwa mwamuna ndi mkazi kunawonjezereka pa maulamuliro otsatira. Mu 2014, Dipatimenti ya Maboma a Mayiko ndi Trade (DAT) inayambitsa [[FLT: 0] Gender Eality and Women’s Signice Strategy , kuchuluka kwa amuna ndi akazi omwe akuyendetsa ndalama zothandizira. Posachedwapa, mu 2023, Australia inatulutsa Gender Exafety Strategy [, imene imatchula za kufunika kwa zaka khumi zothandizira kupititsa patsogolo ufulu wa akazi ndi atsikana padziko lonse, ndi cholinga chachikulu pa za kuyendetsa malo a Indo-Pice. Njira imeneyi ikulumitsira chiwerewere m'kapangidwe kulikonse, kuchokera ku malonda a zamalonda.

Mabungwe Abwino Kwambiri: Mphamvu Zachuma, Ndale, ndi Kuthetsa Chiwawa

Mphamvu za Chuma

Malamulo akunja a Australia amaika patsogolo ntchito za akazi zachuma monga oyendetsa aumphaŵi ndi achuma m'madera. Programu zonga ngati . Kugwirizanitsa mwa Akazi , kogwirizana ndi Philippines ndi Indonesia, kuchirikiza akazi ogulitsa mwa kupeza ndalama, mabizinesi, ndi malonda. Boma la Australia limachirikizanso kulinganiza ndalama za akazi ndi maboma anzawo, kuthandiza kutsimikizira kuti ndalama zimene anthu onse awononga zikupindulitsa akazi ndi amuna mofanana.

Australia wadzipereka kukhala ndi kuwinda kwake kwa ndalama kwa 80% . Kaya mu dongosolo la zachuma, ulimi, kapena kulamulira , kufanana kwa amuna ndi akazi monga cholinga cha mfundo. Njira imeneyi “yofala ya "kuyendera” yagwiritsidwa ntchito pa njira zazikulu monga Australia-Indonesia Parceship for Economic Development , imene imapititsa patsogolo kukhoza ntchito ndi maluso.

Kutenga Nawo Mbali m’Zandale Ndiponso Utsogoleri

Akazi adakali ocheperapo m'zosankha zandale kuzungulira Asia ndi Pacific. Australia amakambitsirana zimenezi mwa maprogramu omanga ntchito kwa akazi oyembekezera, kuchirikiza kugawana kwa amuna, ndi kuchirikiza madongosolo apamwamba a osankhidwa. Akazi opereka ntchito m'Mapologalamu ku Politics , mwachitsanzo, amalangiza ndi kulangiza akazi a palamente ndi operekera chithandizo m'maiko onga Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, ndi Vanuatu.

Australia yathandizanso mayiko a ku Fiji kuti ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera. Ku Australia, anthu otchuka a ku Australia anathandiza kukhazikitsa udindo woimira akazi.

Kuthetsa Chiwawa Chozikidwa pa Anyamata

Chiwawa kwa akazi ndi vuto lofala m'chigawo chonsecho, chikuyambukira mmodzi mwa akazi atatu ku Pacific. Chivomerezo cha Australia chimaphatikizapo ndalama za ntchito zopitirizidwa, kusintha kwa lamulo, ndi machitachita otetezera. Pacific Women Shaping Pacific Development programu, yomwe yayambitsidwa mu 2012, yatayikitsa oposa 170 miliyoni m'mabungwe, malo osungirako zinthu, ndi malo osungirako mavuto m'mayiko 14 a Pacific.

Australianso amagwirizana ndi mabungwe a chigawo monga Zisumbu za Pacific Forum [1] Kulimbikitsa madongosolo a malamulo. Mu 2016, ku Australia kunathandiza kuyambitsa Pregional Act Programme pa Gender-Battle Programme [[FL:3], zimene zimandandandandalika zochita zogwirizana ndi maboma, anthu, ndi mayanjano ochirikiza ntchito. Kuwonjezerapo, makampani a Australia a Mafuko a Mafuko amagwira ntchito ndi mabungwe a kumalire ku Southeast Asia kugonjetsa malonda ndi ukwati wa anthu.

Ubwenzi wa M’chigawo ndi Umodzi wa Kudziloŵetsamo

Kugwirizana kwa Mitundu ya Kum’mwera chakum’mawa kwa Asia (ASANIA)

Australia wakhala wokambirana ndi ASTEAN chiyambire 1974, ndipo kulingana kwa kugonana kwakhala kuchepetsa ubale umenewu. Mwa pulogalamu ya mgwirizano ya Australia-ASAN , ndalama za Australia zothandizira akazi pa utsogoleri wa zachuma, thanzi la amayi, ndi kuchepetsa ngozi zapachimuna. ASANOAS - Australia- Gender Exaturement ndi Makeneaty’s Dialoguement [, yokhazikitsidwa mu 2020, ikugaŵira pulatifomu ya opanga malamulo ndi ochirikiza machitachita abwino kwambiri.

Zisumbu za Pacific Kumanga ndi Chigawo

Zisumbu za Pacific Forum (PIF) zidakali galimoto yaikulu ya Australia kaamba ka kugwirizana kwa chigawo. Australia ndilo wopereka wamkulu koposa wa chigawo cha PiF kwa Gender Seal ndi Social Inclusion Program , imene imachirikiza kupangidwa kwa malamulo m'maiko a ziŵalo. Ogwirizanitsa a Australia alinso ndi makambitsirano ofanana a kugonana pa misonkhano ya Atsogoleri a PiF, kukhazikitsa mapangano akuchotsa chiwawa ndi akazi ndi kukwaniritsa mautumiki apadziko lonse a zaumoyo wa anthu obereka.

Mitundu Yogwirizana ndi Mitembo Yambiri

Australia ndi imodzi mwa kampani ya United Nations, United Nations Trust Fund to End Violence and Women, ndi UN Population Fund (UNFPA). Mu 2024, Australia analengeza kuti AUD 40 miliyoni ya akazi a bungwe la UN yokonza maprogramu ku Indo-Pacial . Pa bungwe la UN Human Rights Council, Australia nthaŵi zonse pagwirizana ndi apolisi a ufulu wa akazi, kuphatikizapo amene akupereka ufulu wa ana, kulowa m’banja, ndi kulowa nawo m’chilungamo, ndi kugawana akazi pa moyo wa anthu onse.

Australia inalinso chiŵiya chopangira bungwe la Internationalern Gennder Champions , limene limasonkhanitsa akazembe ndi akuluakulu a bungwe kuti apititse patsogolo kufanana kwa amuna pakati pa mabungwe apadziko lonse. Mabungwewa tsopano akuphatikizapo mamembala oposa 200, kuphatikizapo Mlembi Weniweni wa UN ndi woimira wa Sande wa Australia ku UN.

Mapulogalamu a Kupanga Mbendera ndi Zotsatira Zake

Akazi a ku Pacific Akugonjetsa Chitukuko cha Pacific

Komiti ya Pacific Development [[FLT :1] ndi yosaina ya Australia m'chigawochi. Imagwira ntchito mwa kugwirizana ndi maboma, NGOS, ndi mabungwe a anthu m’mayiko 14, kuchirikiza ntchito zoposa 150. Zomwe zachitikazo zikuphatikizapo:

  • Kupereka malo ogona ndi chithandizo chalamulo kwa opulumuka chiwawa cha m’banja oposa 15,000 mu Papua New Guinea.
  • Kuphunzitsa akazi oposa 400 opita ku masankho a m’madera osiyanasiyana a ku Pacific.
  • Kumanga malo opezerako ndalama kumidzi ya Fiji, Samoa, ndi Tonga kumene kumathandiza azimayi kuphunzira kulemba ndi kuŵerenga ndiponso kuthandiza anzawo.
  • Kulimbikitsa makampani a boma a amuna ndi akazi, monga Ministry of Women in Timor - Leste, mwa kupereka ndalama kwa antchito ndi kukonza njira zochitira zinthu.

Kufufuza kwa a Independent kumasonyeza kuti programuyo yathandizira kusintha kwa maganizo a anthu: m'madera kumene akazi a Pacific amagwira ntchito, kuvomerezedwa kwa chiwawa cha m’banja kuchepa ndi avareji ya 12%. Komabe, chigamulo cha ndale zadziko chochirikizidwa ndi kupitirizabe kupereka ndalama zamphamvu zakhala zowongokera kwa nthaŵi yaitali.

Akazi, Mtendere ndi Chisungiko Agenda

Australia ndi wochirikiza wokangalika wa Akazi, Mtendere ndi Chisungiko (WPS) mapu, amene amazindikira chiyambukiro chosayerekezeka cha nkhondo pa akazi ndi kufunika kwa kutenga nawo mbali m’zochitika za mtendere. Federal Police, DPAT , yaphatikiza mfundo za WPS m'maphunziro, ntchito, ndi malamulo. Mwachitsanzo:

  • Asilikali a ku Australia amalandira maphunziro asanayambe oletsa chiwawa cha kugonana ndi cha amuna m’madera amene muli nkhondo.
  • Australia watumiza apolisi achikazi ku mautumiki okhazikitsa mtendere a UN ku South Sudan ndi ku Solomon Islands monga mbali ya zoyesayesa zowonjezera kuimira kwa akazi m’ntchito za mtendere.
  • Kupyolera mu Australia-ASAIAS Akazi, Mtendere ndi Security Dialogue , maboma amadera amagaŵana njira za kuphatikizapo akazi pa kulekera kukambitsirana za moto ndi chiweruzo chapambuyo pa chikalata cha komiti ya mtendere.

Australia imasunganso ndalama [[FLT: 0] Akazi, Peace and Security Research Hub [1], zozikidwa pa Australian National University, imene imatulutsa zivomerezo zozikidwa pa umboni wa opanga malamulo.

Njira Zina Zofunika

Kupyola pa maprogramu a sitima zapamadzi ameneŵa, Australia amathandiza ntchito zina zazing’ono koma zowononga:

  • Malamulo ndi programu za Chilungamo [[FLT :1] ku Solomon Islands ndi Vanuatu amene amaphunzitsa agogo aakazi kuthandizira akazi kulowa m'madongosolo alamulo.
  • Gender-Respoint Responding Mabugromarks za Malo Ogwirira Ntchito achitidwa ndi mautumiki a zachuma ku PNG, Cambodia, ndi Myanmar.
  • Kusintha kwa zinthu ndi ntchito za Akazi ku Kiribati ndi Tuvalu zimene zimakhudzana ndi zotsatirapo za kukwera kwa madzi a m'nyanja ndi kusamuka.

Kufufuza za Matenda: Kupambana ku Fiji, Timor-Leste, ndi Papua New Guinea

Fiji: Kuthetsa Mavuto M’boma

Mu 2017, Fiji inakhazikitsa lamulo lokhudza malo apadera oyenera kukhala ndi mipando itatu m'mabungwe a boma akwawo kuti achitidwe ndi akazi. Mabungwe a boma a Australia anachita mbali yaikulu popanga malamulo ndi kuphunzitsa akazi ofuna kukonza ndi kutsogolera. Monga chotulukapo, akazi m'mabungwe a boma a Fiji anakwera kuchokera pa 10% mu 2016 kufika pa 38% m'masankhoti akwawo 2022. Mabungwe a boma athandiza kwambiri kuyambira pamene anapititsa patsogolo njira zopangira magetsi a m’khwalala ndi malo osungirako ana.

Timor - Leste: Kuthandiza Opulumuka Nkhondo Yothetsa Chiwawa

Timor-Leste akupitirizabe kulimbana ndi choloŵa cha chiwawa kuyambira mu 1975-19999. Australia yapereka ndalama zothandizira .Chega ! National Centre , malo achikumbutso ndi zikalata zimene zimaphatikizapo maprogramu a akazi omwe anapulumuka chiwawa cha kugonana. Masukuluwo amapereka uphungu wovulaza ndi ntchito za malipiro. Kuwonjezerapo, ku Australia kunathandiza boma kupambana Gender Euficity ndi Gender-band Wald Walselty [1] mu 20:19, zimene zimatetezera anthu ovutika ndi kuwalanga ndi zilango za olakwa.

Papua New Guinea: Kufikira Kozikidwa pa Chikhalidwe cha Kuthetsa Chiwawa

Papua New Guinea iri ndi milingo yapamwamba ya chiwawa chozikidwa pa kugonana m'dziko. Chigwirizano cha Australia . . programu imalimbikitsanso alangizi a chitaganya pothetsa mikangano, kuchepetsa chidaliro pa chiwawa monga njira yothetsera mkangano. Kufufuza kunapeza kuti m'zigawo zoukira, kusimba za kuchitiridwa nkhanza kukuwonjezeka ndi 70%, kusonyeza kudalirana kwa dongosolo la chilungamo.

Zitokoso ndi Kusuliza

Mosasamala kanthu za zipambano zimenezi, zoyesayesa za Australia zimayang'anizana ndi zopinga zazikulu. Zikhalidwe zachipembedzo ndi miyambo yachipembedzo [[FLT :1] m'madera ambiri a Pacific ndi Southeast Asia zimasunga nyumba za makolo zimene zimakana kulingana kwa amuna. M'nkhani zina, maprogramu a ufulu wa akazi achilendo olinganizidwa amaonedwa kukhala mtundu wa kukhazikitsa kwa makhalidwe abwino a Kumadzulo, kutsogolera ku kubwerera kumbuyo kapena kuchotsedwa kwa atsogoleri a maiko.

Kusakhazikika kwa polisi ndi kulephera kwa kuyendetsa zinthu [1] kumalepheretsanso kupita patsogolo. M'maiko onga Solomon Islands, Myanmar, ndi Papua New Guinea, kulanda maufumu kwa nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi, chipwirikiti chachiŵeniŵeni, kapena chiwawa chosankhidwa zimasokoneza kupangidwa kwa programu ndi kufooketsa chidaliro m'mabungwe. Mabungwe a akazi kaŵirikaŵiri ndiwo oyamba kutaya ndalama pamene maboma ali otetezerekadi.

Mipata yosatha idakali nkhaŵa. Pamene kuli kwakuti Australia yawonjezera bajeti yake ya chithandizo kaamba ka kufanana kwa mwamuna, iyo ikupereŵerabe pa mlingo wa ndalama zimene dziko limalandira kaamba ka chithandizo cha kumaiko akunja. Otsutsa amanena kuti zolankhula zaposa zipangizo, ndi maprogramu ena olandira mapangano a zaka zambiri amene amapititsidwa pambuyo pake chifukwa cha zitsenderezo za bajeti.

Khoti lachikoka [1] ndi vuto lina. Malamulo a malonda ndi oikizira ndalama nthaŵi zina amagwira ntchito pa zifuno zotsagana ndi zolinga zake za mwamuna ndi mkazi. Mwachitsanzo, mapangano aulere amene amalephera kuphatikizapo malamulo a amuna ndi akazi angawonjezere kusiyana kwa chuma kwa akazi mosalingalira. Kuwonjezera apo, malamulo otetezera a Australia asuliridwa chifukwa chochepetsa chitetezo cha akazi othaŵa akazi ozunza akazi.

Chomalizira, ndi kuŵerengera mlandu kumakhala kofooka. Pamene kuli kwakuti njira zotulutsa zizindikiro za DFAT . Monga chiŵerengero cha akazi ophunzitsidwa [1] nkovuta kutchula kusintha kwa nthaŵi yaitali kwa kakhalidwe ka anthu kapena khalidwe la kakhalidwe ku kutsata ndalama za Australia. Kupenda kwa kunja kumafuna ziyambukiro zowonjezereka ndi njira zopimira zimene zimakulitsa mawu a akazi akumaloko.

Tsogolo la Lamulo la Mayi la Kumayiko Akunja ku Australia

Kuyang'ana kutsogolo, Australia ayenera kuyang'ana kumbali ya dziko la dziko losintha mofulumira. Kukula kwa China monga wopereka chitukuko ku Pacific, popanda mfundo zochepera ponena za ufulu wa anthu, kumayambitsa vuto pa njira ya ku Australia yodalira phindu. Kuti kukhalebe kogwira mtima, Australia iyenera:

  • Unansi wakuya ndi magulu a akazi akumaloko, makamaka awo otsogozedwa ndi akazi a kumidzi ndi a kumidzi, kutsimikizira maprogramu ngoyenerera mwatsatanetsatane.
  • Kulingana kwa amuna ndi akazi kukuwonjezeka m’madera monga ngati zanyengo, kuphatikizidwa kwa makompyuta, ndi chisungiko cha thanzi.
  • Gwiritsirani ntchito utsogoleri wa makampani kuchirikiza kugaŵidwa kwa amuna m’mabwalo a nyumba ya malamulo m’chigawo chonsecho.
  • Phunzitsani kuonekera mwa kufalitsa nkhani zopatulapo nkhani zonse zothandizira anthu.

[1] Kusinthasintha kwa Dziko Lonse (2023-2033) kwa Australia kumapereka maziko a ntchito imeneyi, koma chipambano chidzadalira pa chifuniro chosasintha chandale, ndalama zokwanira, ndi kudzichepetsa pomvera akazi amene imafuna kuwatumikira.

Kumaliza

Malamulo achilendo a Australia athandiza kwambiri kupititsa patsogolo ufulu wa akazi ku Asia ndi ku Pacific. Mwa njira zapadera za mphamvu zachuma, kutengamo mbali m'zandale, ndi kuthetsa chiwawa, ndi mwa maprogramu onga Akazi apamwamba Shaping Pacific Development ndi [[FLT] akazi], Amtendere ndi Chisungiko , Australia wathandiza kuchepetsa chiwawa chozikidwa pa akazi, kuwonjezera kuimira akazi, ndi kumanga zipani zolimba. Mavuto akupitirizabe, kutsutsa kwa ndale, kuchirikiza, ndi malamulo a kuchirikiza ufulu wa Australia akupatsa maziko kaamba ka kupita patsogolo. Kuchirikiza ufulu wopambana.